Progressive Movement 1901-1921. Progressive Movement Introduction.
Essential Question What were the goals of the progressive movement? What were the goals of the...
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Essential QuestionEssential Question
What were the goals of What were the goals of the progressive the progressive
movement?movement?
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The Roots of ProgressivismThe Roots of Progressivism
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Progressivism (1890-1920)Progressivism (1890-1920)
Series of reform Series of reform efforts that efforts that changed U.S. changed U.S. societysociety
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Social ProblemsSocial Problems
CrimeCrime IlliteracyIlliteracy Alcohol abuseAlcohol abuse Child LaborChild Labor Health and safety Health and safety
issuesissues
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ProgressivismProgressivism
Believed Believed industrialism and industrialism and urbanization had urbanization had created social created social problemsproblems
Agreed government Agreed government should take a more should take a more active role in solving active role in solving society’s problemssociety’s problems
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MuckrakersMuckrakers
Crusading Crusading journalistsjournalists
Investigated Investigated social conditions social conditions and political and political corruptioncorruption
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Ida TarbellIda Tarbell
Published a Published a series of articles series of articles critical of the critical of the Standard Oil Standard Oil Company Company (Rockefeller)(Rockefeller)
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Lincoln SteffensLincoln Steffens
Reported on vote Reported on vote stealing and stealing and corrupt urban corrupt urban political machinespolitical machines
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Jacob RiisJacob Riis
Focused on Focused on poverty, disease, poverty, disease, and crime in NYC and crime in NYC immigrant immigrant neighborhoodsneighborhoods
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Jane AddamsJane Addams
Hull HouseHull House
Settlement Settlement house for helping house for helping the poor in citiesthe poor in cities
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Women’s Christian Temperance Women’s Christian Temperance UnionUnion
Organized in 1874Organized in 1874
Pressed for Pressed for prohibition – laws prohibition – laws banning the banning the manufacture, sale, manufacture, sale, and consumption and consumption of alcoholof alcohol
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1818thth Amendment Amendment
Passed in 1919Passed in 1919
Prohibited the Prohibited the making, selling, making, selling, and transporting and transporting of alcoholof alcohol
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Direct Election of SenatorsDirect Election of Senators
The Constitution The Constitution stated each state stated each state legislature would legislature would elect two elect two senatorssenators
1717thth Amendment Amendment – direct election – direct election by the population by the population of U.S. senatorsof U.S. senators
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Political ReformsPolitical Reforms
Initiative – allow citizens to introduce Initiative – allow citizens to introduce legislationlegislation
Referendum – allow legislation to be Referendum – allow legislation to be submitted to voters for approvalsubmitted to voters for approval
Recall – allow voters to demand a Recall – allow voters to demand a special election to remove an elected special election to remove an elected officialofficial
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Suffrage MovementSuffrage Movement
Suffrage = right Suffrage = right to voteto vote
By 1900 – only By 1900 – only Wyoming, Idaho, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah and Utah and Colorado had Colorado had granted women granted women voting rightsvoting rights
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Suffrage, 1890-1919Suffrage, 1890-1919
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Nineteenth AmendmentNineteenth Amendment
Ratified in Ratified in 19201920
Gave Gave women the women the right to voteright to vote
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Child LaborChild Labor
1900 – over 1.7 1900 – over 1.7 million children million children under the age of under the age of 16 worked 16 worked outside the homeoutside the home
Most in factoriesMost in factories
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Coal Mine “Breaker Boys”Coal Mine “Breaker Boys”
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Cloth FactoriesCloth Factories
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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory FireTriangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
March 25, 1911March 25, 1911 SweatshopSweatshop Fire kills 146Fire kills 146 Young female Young female
immigrant immigrant workersworkers
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Triangle Shirtwaist Factory FireTriangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
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The Rise of SegregationThe Rise of Segregation
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SharecroppingSharecropping
Most African Most African American American farmers were farmers were sharecropperssharecroppers
Always in debt Always in debt and landlessand landless
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Jim Crow LawsJim Crow Laws
Segregation = Segregation = separation of separation of racesraces
Laws that Laws that enforced enforced segregation were segregation were Jim Crow lawsJim Crow laws
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Jim Crow LawsJim Crow Laws
Railroad carsRailroad cars RestaurantsRestaurants Water fountainsWater fountains HotelsHotels Swimming poolsSwimming pools
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Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson
Supreme Court Supreme Court casecase
Enforced Enforced segregation with segregation with a “separate but a “separate but equal” clauseequal” clause
Legal basis for Legal basis for discriminationdiscrimination
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Booker T. WashingtonBooker T. Washington
African American African American educatoreducator
Focused on achieving Focused on achieving economic goals rather economic goals rather than politicalthan political
Speech known as the Speech known as the Atlanta CompromiseAtlanta Compromise
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W.E.B. DuBoisW.E.B. DuBois African African
Americans must Americans must demand their demand their rights rather than rights rather than allow them to be allow them to be stripped awaystripped away
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Niagara Movement (1905)Niagara Movement (1905)
African American African American leaders met at leaders met at Niagara Falls to Niagara Falls to demand full demand full political rightspolitical rights
Led to the Led to the founding of the founding of the NAACPNAACP