Essence Duality Awareness in Information System Interaction with Physical and Cyber Environments...

Essence Duality Awareness in Information System

Interaction with Physical and Cyber EnvironmentsYaniv Mordecai, Technion, Haifa, Israel

Prof. Dov Dori, MIT, Cambridge MA, USA; Technion, Haifa, Israel

http://esml.iem.technion.ac.il/

http://www1.technion.ac.il/

18th Industrial Engineering & Management Conference - IEM-2014 2

Primary Goal

Provide formalism and semantics to understand, capture, and analyzePhysical-Informatical Essence Duality

(PIED),its occurrence, and its implications

in system models.

March 2014


Physical-Informatical Essence Duality (PIED)

• The existence of an entity as–the original-physical embodiment of

the entity, and–the (set of) representational-

informatical manifestation(s) of the entity, as held by agent(s) and sub-system(s) interacting with it.

March 2014


Mirror Mirror on the Wall,Do you even detect me at all?!

March 2014


Cyber-Physical Systems

• Systems that include a virtual segment and a physical segment – interwoven and interacting with each other.

• Informational processes affecting real-world occurrences – and vice-versa.

• Trying to accomplish virtual and physical goals alike.• Modern information systems perceived as segments of larger-

scale cyber-physical systems.• Handling and control of assets, resources, and objectives – not

only actors.• Paradigm shift from “bubble” software systems to embedded

software controlled systems.March 2014


Background

• The role of informatical manifestations of "real-world" entities – a fundamental challenge of Cybernetics and Informatics (Kolin 2010).

• Info—Data Duality (Bar-Hillel & Carnap 1953)• Info—Matter (Hayles 1999)• Epistemic Information (Mizzaro 2001)• Open Software System Modeling (Hayes, Jackson &

Jones, 2003)• Physical—Cyber duality of the Natural world (Wang,

Kinsner, and Zhang 2009)March 2014


Challenges in PIED Modeling

• Acknowledge PIED in cognitive processes.• Describe the environment as perceived by the system. • Capture extent of mutual system-environment effects. • Knowledge base: What the system needs to know, thinks,

knows, and thinks it knows.• Model knowledge base effect on decisions, reactions,

actions, and interactions.• Capture and assess the potential damage of mismatched,

incoherent agent conceptions on the real state of external entities to system performance.

March 2014


Applicable Domains

• Cyber defense• Cyber-medicine• Ballistic Missile Defense• Air Traffic Control• Autonomous Vehicles• Robotics• Biological Systems• And various other cyber-physical applications and risk-

related settings.March 2014


Modeling Paradigms

• UML and SysML lack the means to capture PIED.– Actors ~ external (Use Case Diagrams) – Classes ~ internal (Class & Component diagrams)– Actors not associated with Classes.

• Subsystems rarely defined as actors of other subsystems.

• Assets, resources, and objectives have no representation as external entities (actors?!)

March 2014


Use Case Diagram

UML Issues

March 2014

Use Case

Attributes

Class

Methods

Actor Class Diagram

?


Sequence Diagrams – the hope for UML or part of the problem?

March 2014

18th Industrial Engineering & Management Conference - IEM-2014

Object-Process Methodology (OPM) (Dori, 2002) (ISO PAS 19450)

March 2014 12

• Object• Exists• Has states• Modified by Processes

• Process• Occurs• Modifies Objects


Object-Process Methodology

• A comprehensive systems engineering paradigm with a compact formal language for modeling, communicating, documenting, engineering, and lifecycle support of complex, multi-disciplinary systems.

• Based on simultaneous representation of structure (via stateful objects) and behavior (via processes)

• Bi-modal: the single model is expressed in both graphics and natural language text.

March 2014


PIED-Aware Modeling

• Integrating PIED notions into system models.• Inherent treatment of misconception anomalies

and failures.• Constant reconciliation of representations and

comparison with the original.• Representation-based system-entity interaction

modeling.

March 2014


March 2014


Subsystem-Entity Model-Based Interaction

• Systems interact with their environment.• The environment consists of entities.• The system consists of subsystems / agents.• Subsystems interact with entities.• Systems contain a model of the environment.• The model consists of representations of

environmental entities.• Each subsystem has its own model of the

environmentMarch 2014


OPM – Structural Relations

March 2014


Distinctive Properties for Dualistic Modeling

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• Affiliation denotes the entity as either original and environmental, or representational and systemic.

• Essence denotes the entity as either physical or informatical.


OPM Procedural Links

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Object-Process Oriented Epistemic Logic Formalism

(1)E: entity. R(E): entity’s representation. X: recognition of existence. S: Perceived

State. (2)

: representation of E held by agent A. : A’s knowledge base. : Set of E’s states that are known to A.

(3): characteristic (i) of the entity.

(4): joint representation of several representations n = 1,.., N.

(5)

R(E): entity’s representation. : the agent’s action function. : the entity’s response function. ξ: Coherence of the result .

March 2014


PIED-Aware Modeling

March 2014

• The five main processes:– Entity Acquisition– Representation Generating– Representation-Based Interaction– Outcomes Analysis– Representation Improvement


PIED-Aware Modeling

March 2014


Summary

• PIED – Physical-Informatical Essence Duality.• Challenges and Gaps in PIED Modeling.• Applicable domains.• OPM Semantics and Formalism for PIED Modeling.

March 2014

Thanks!

Yaniv Mordecai, [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://esml.iem.technion.ac.il/

http://www1.technion.ac.il/

Essence Duality Awareness in Information System Interaction with Physical and Cyber Environments...

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