Español 2H

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Español 2H Gramática 5.2

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Español 2H. Gramática 5.2. To express a negative idea in English, you often use a negative word followed by an affirmative word. In Spanish, negative ideas sometimes require two negative words, called a double negative. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Español 2H

Espaol 2H

Espaol 2HGramtica 5.2To express a negative idea in English, you often use a negative word followed by an affirmative word. In Spanish, negative ideas sometimes require two negative words, called a double negative.Indefinite words refer to non-specific people, things, or situations and can be affirmative or negative. Afirmative words:Algo- somethingAlguien- someoneAlgn/alguno(a)- someoo- either orSiempre- alwaysTambin- alsoNegative words:Nada- nothingNadie- no oneNingn/ninguno(a)- none, not at allNi ni- neither norNunca- neverTampoco- neither, eitherAlguno(a) and ninguno(a) have different forms before masculine singular nouns.Alguno becomes algnQuiero algn filete.- I want some steakNinguno becomes ningnNo quiero ningn plato con carne.- I don not want any dish with meat.A double negative is required in Spanish when no comes before the verb. Indefinite words that follow no must be negative.No veo nada.- I do not see anything.When alguien or nadie is the object of a verb, it is preceded by the personal a.Conozco a alguien de Espaa.No, no a nadie de Espaa.PrcticaSiempre es divertido trabajar en un restaurante.Nunca es divertido trabajar en un restaurante.Algn cliente me va a decir: Nadie te va a decir nada.Alguien va a darme una buena propina.Nadie va a darte nada.Los clientes van a pedir o el pollo asado o los espaguetis.Los clientes no van a pedir ni el pollo asado ni los espaguetis. Tambin van a pedir el filete a la parilla.Tampoco van a pedir el filete a la parilla.De postre servimos algo sabroso hoy.De postre no servimos nada sabroso hoy.No vamos a tener ningn problema.Vamos a tener algn problema.Vamos a ver alguna pelcula nueva.No vamos a ver ninguna pelcula.Vamos a visitar a alguien.No vamos a visitar a nadie.Vamos a comprar algo.No vamos a comprar nada.Vamos a ir a alguna fiesta.No vamos a ir a ninguna fiesta.Vamos a hacer algo interesante.No vamos a hacer nada intersante.Indirect Object PronounsIndirect object pronouns answer the question to whom or for whom the action is being performed.

MeNosTe OsLeLesDirect Object ProunousDirect object pronouns answer the question who or what in relation to the verb.

MeNosTe OsLo, laLos, lasDouble Object PronounsWhen two object pronouns are used in the same sentence in English, the direct object pronoun often appears first after the verb, and the indirect object pronoun becomes the object of the preposition.

The waiter bring Elena the bill.The waiter brings it to her.In Spanish, direct object pronouns and indirect object pronouns appear before the conjugated verb. In sentences with both object pronouns, the indirect object pronoun comes first. (RID)

La camarero nos trajo el caldo a Juan y a m.The waitress brought the broth to Juan and me.La camarera nos lo trajo.The waitress brought it to us.Infinitive or NDO (ING)When a conjugated verb appears with an infinitive or a verb in the ndo (ING) form, you can put the pronouns before the conjugated verb, or you can attach them to the infinitive or ndo (ING) form.

Me los vas a pedir. OR Vas a pedrmelos.Me los ests pidiendo. OR Ests pidindomelos.

AccentsMe los vas a pedir. OR Vas a pedrmelos.Me los ests pidiendo. OR Ests pidindomelos.Accent marks: If you add one pronoun to an infinitive, NO accent is needed. If you add two pronouns to an infinitive an accent mark is needed on the a, e, or i of the infinitive.

If you add one or two pronouns to an ndo (ING) form, an accent mark is needed on the a or e of the ando or iendo.

CommandsWhen a pronoun(s) is used with a command, the pronouns must come before a negative command or attached to a positive command.Triganos el caldo a Juan y a m.Triganoslo.No traiga el caldo a Juan y a m.No nos lo traiga.AccentsTriganos el caldo a Juan y a m.Triganoslo.No traiga el caldo a Juan y a m.No nos lo traiga.

Accents: When you add one pronoun to a positive command, count back three syllables and add an accent mark. If you add two pronouns to a postive command, count back four syllables and add an accent mark. No accent is needed when using pronouns with negative commands.Double lsIf both pronouns start with the letter l, change the indirect object prounoun to se.Le ped la cuenta al camarero.I asked the waiter for the bill.Se la ped.I asked him for it.Puedo llevar el t a esas mujeres. Puedo llevrselo.PrcticaVoy a llevar el pollo asado al cliente.Voy a llevrselo. Se lo voy a llevar.Voy a servir las chuletas a los clientes.Voy a servrselas, Se las voy a servir.Estoy poniendo los tenedores a los nios.Estoy ponindoselos. Se los estoy poniendo.Estoy sirviendo el postre a los invitados.Estoy sirvindoselo. Se lo estoy sirviendo.

Voy a dar la cuenta al seor.Estoy preparando los entremeses para las seores.Voy a traer la paella a los chicos.