Esp. 3 HC. 10

The “Perfect” Tenses

Formation

• The perfect tenses are

compound tenses and are

made up of a conjugated

form of the verb

• Which perfect tense is formed

depends on the tense that

the verb HABER is conjugated in.

HABER + Past Participle

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Present

he hemos

has ---------

ha han

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Preterite

hube hubimos

hubiste ---------

hubo hubieron

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Imperfect

había habíamos

habías ---------

había habían

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Future

habré habremos

habrás ---------

habrá habrán

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Conditional

habría habríamos

habrías ---------

habría habrían

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Present Subjunctive

haya hayamos

hayas ---------

haya hayan

FormationPrimary Forms of HABER

Imperfect Subjunctive

hubiera hubiéramos

hubieras ---------

hubiera hubieran

Watch Out For…

1. Be sure that you include BOTH the correct form of HABER and the past participle.- ie…he comido

FormationFormation of the Past Participle

1. Start with the infinitive- ie…hablar

2. Drop the last two letters

off of the infinitive. - ie…habl (ar)3. Add ADO for AR verbs

and IDO for ER and IR

verbs. - ie…hablado

Irregular Past Participles4. Irregular past participles resolver resuelto

escribir escritovolver vuelto ver vistohacer hechomorir muertoromper rotoabrir abiertocubrir cubiertodecir dichoponer puesto

Watch Out For…

2. If the ER / IR verb has a stem that ends in a vowel, then the past participle will have an accent on the “I”.

- ie…He leído la novela tres veces.

**(except “guir” verbs)**

Watch Out For…

3. Remember that when the participle is used with HABER in the perfect tenses, it always has an “o” ending.

- ie…hemos escrito

Usages

1. The perfect tense are used to express some action that started in the past and generally has some bearing on the present.- ie…Ya ha ido al banco y

tiene el dinero.