ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update...here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai....
Transcript of ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update...here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai....
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ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Paul Fisher & Paolo Cipollini
ESA’s Earth Observation missions and climate: an update
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Agenda
• Introduction to ESA
• ESA Earth Observation missions: review and update
• ESA Climate Change Initiative
• Climate Change Initiative: scientific highlights
• Engaging the public, educators and students
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ESA Directorates
Director General
Jan Wörner
Science
Guenther Hasinger
Launchers
Daniel
Neuenschwander
Human Spaceflight
& Robotic
Exploration
David Parker
Earth Observation
Josef
Aschbacher
Telecom & Integrated
Applications
Magali Vaissière
Galileo &
Navigation-related
Activities
Paul Verhoef
Technical & Quality
Management
Franco Ongaro
Industry, Procurement
& Legal Services
Eric Morel
De Westgaver
Internal Services
Jean Max Puech
Operations
Rolf Densing
Launchers Navigation
Telecoms Earth ObservationHuman spaceflight & robotics
Space scienceSpace science
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Taking the Pulse of our Planet
ESA Vision for EO
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European Citizens’ Priorities in Space
“In the eyes of Europeans, the primary area of progression for space
activities would be to foster a better understanding of what is
happening on Earth, particularly regarding the climate”
Q: In the future, do you believe that priority should be given or not to space
activities that allow us to ... ?
TOP 5 Priorities:
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Satellites25 under development
15 in operation
ESA-Developed Earth Observation Missions
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Aeolus – ESA’s wind mapping mission
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Aeolus mission status
The strong westerly wind in the jet stream, with speeds of more than 200km/h, is clearly visible at the altitude of c10km. On this day, very strong winds extended from the jet stream all the way down to the surface and caused problems for traffic and construction.
Since Aeolus measures wind in the cloud-free atmosphere and within thin clouds and top of thick clouds, the measurements here are those surrounding Cyclone Idai. Here strong easterly winds north of the hurricane (in red on the left), with wind speeds of up to 150km/h. In the upper right corner (altitude 22-25km), the tropical stratospheric easterly jet can be seen in red and lower down on the right (altitude 10-16km) the sub tropical westerly jet in the southern hemisphere is visible in blue.
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Sentinel-5 PrecursorCOPERNICUS ATMOSPHERE MISSION IN POLAR ORBIT
The TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) is the payload of the S5P mission and was jointly developed by The
Netherlands and ESA. Polar synchronous orbit at a height of about 820 km. Global coverage within 1 day (swath of 2600
km). Ground-pixel spatial resolution of 7 x 3.5 km. Open data access following the Copernicus Data Policy.
Copernicus Sentinel-5P – atmospheric monitoring mission
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Sentinel-5 Precursor Products
• Methane (CH4)
• Tropospheric Ozone Column (trop. O3)
• Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
• Formaldehyde (OCHO)
• Total Columns of Ozone (O3)
• Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
• Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Cloud information
• Aerosol information
• Radiances/Irradiances
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Copernicus Sentinel-5P
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Sentinel-5P results
Copyright: Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2017-2019) / processed by SRON and KNMI
Transboundary Carbon Monoxide Total Ozone columns
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Big Data Revolution
ESA EO Data ArchivePetabyte
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
2000 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026
Sentinel missions operated by ESA
Earth Explorer missions
Heritage missions
Third Party & Contributing Missions
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Essential Climate Variables (ECVs)
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• Established 2010• €160M• 450 researchers• 13 ECVs transferred
to C3S
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ECVs under development by ESA CCI
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Ç`
Exploiting the EO satellite archive
35+ years of satellite data
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Climate Change Initiative
Global Mean Sea Level Budget9,000 Gt glacier ice loss since 1961
Land Cover & Sea Surface Temperature time series Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (ppm)
Antarctic Ice Sheet Contribution to Global Sea Level
Sea Ice Concentration
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CCI achievements to date
178
100+
22
133 4.2
64028
15
13
450
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Stories of Change
from the CCI Datasets
Photo by James Wheeler from Pexels
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Ice Sheets
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Antarctica – ice loss accelerating
”There has been a step
increase in ice losses from Antarctica during the past decade.
A Shepherd (University of Leeds & Antarctica_cci Science Leader)
219 billion tonnes of ice
loss per year 2012 -2017 - a three-fold increase from the preceding 10 years.
7.6mm of global mean sea level
since 1992 due to Antarctic ice loss
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A quarter of Antarctica is unstable
Shepherd et al GRL, 2019
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Glaciers
ASTER image: USGS/JAXA
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1 km
N
Patagonia
Landsat data: USGS
1998
2014
to
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Landsat data: USGS
1985
2000
2010
2016
Patagonia
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Rankl et al. (2014)
Karakoram: Multi-year averages
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Paul et al. (2017)
Following the surge of Hispar Glacier
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ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use N 2 km
Zermatt
Glaciers_cci
Switzerland 1999
2013
to
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Brun et al. (2017)
High
Mountain
Asia
2000
2016
to
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Zemp et al. (2019)
1961
2016
toTotal
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Sea Level
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ESA Sea Level CCI / LEGOS / CLS
3.1 mm/yr
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ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Sea surface temperature
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ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Rising temperature
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ESA SST CCI /C. Merchant
Impacts / Coral Bleaching
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Impacts / Coral BleachingSentinel-2 captures coral bleaching
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©RH(2019)
Clouds
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Albert Bierstadt - Storm Clouds (~1880)
Cloud Climatology from ESA CCIWhat is the global distribution and average?
Global Average:
64 % ± 3 %
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Cloud Climatology from ESA CCIWhat about low, middle, and high clouds?
Albert Bierstadt - Storm Clouds (~1880)
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Fire
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ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Fire
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Knowledge Exchange – policy, public & education
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cci.esa.int
@esaclimate