ICS: 75.100

Published by Ethiopian Standards Agency ©ESA

ETHIOPIAN STANDARD

Industrial liquid lubricants – ISO Viscosity Classification.

(Identical with ISO 3448:1992)

ES ISO 3448:2005

First edition

(Reaffirmed:2012)

ES ISO3448 :2005(2012)

ii

Foreword 4

This Ethiopian Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Technical Committee for

petroleom and related products (TC 59) and published by the Ethiopian Standards Agency (ESA).

The standard is a reaffirmation for reprint of the Ethiopian Standard ES ISO3448:2005,Industrial liquid lubricants – ISO Viscosity Classification, with some editorial changes without altering the

technical contents in the former text.

©ESA

Industrial liquid lubricants - IS0 viscosity classification

1 scope

This International Standard establishes a system of viscosity classification for industrial liquid lubricants and related fluids. This includes mineral oils used as lubricants, hydraulic fluids, electrical oils and for other applications. The usual method for kinematic- viscosity determination is that specified in IS0 3104, but this may give anomalous results when used with non-Newtonian fluids (i.e. those whose coefficient of viscosity varies significantly with rate of shear). For SUCII fluids, it is therefore important to state the particular method by which viscosity has been de- termined.

It is also recognized that there may be some pure chemicals and‘naturally occurring products. used as lubricants, which will not fatI within this classifi- cation.

2 Normative reference

The following standard contains provisions which, through refe;-ence in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publi- cation, the edition indicated was valid. A!I standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this lnternationai Standard are encour- aged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below. Members of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of cur- rently valid International Standards. c

1SO 3104:1 Ptroleum products -- Transparent and opaque liquids - Determinafior, of kinematic viscosity and cakulation of dynamic viscosity.

3 Classification

3.1 The classification defines 20 viscosity grades in the range 2 mm*/s to 3 200 rnm*/s at 40 “C. This covers, as far as petroleum-based liquids are con- cerned, approximately the range from kerosine to cylinder oils.

3.2 Each viscosity grade is designated by the nearest whole number to its mid-boint kinematic viscosity in square millimetres per second (mm%) at 40 “C, and a kinematic-viscosity range of + IO % of this value is permitted. The 20 viscosity grades with the limits appropriate to each are given in table 1.

3.3 The classification is based on the principle that the mid-point kinematic viscosity of each grade should be approximately 50 % greater than that of the preceding one. The division of each decade into six equal logarithmic steps provides such a system and permits a uniform progression from decade to decade, but in order to provide simple numbers the logarithmic series has been rounded off. The maxi- mum deviation of the mid-point viscosities from the logarithmic series is 2,2 7%.

3.4 The classification implies no quality evaluation, and provides information only on the kinematic vis- cosity at the defining temperature of 40 “C. The kinematic viscosities at other temperatures will de- pend on the viscosity/temperature characteristics of the lubricants. which are usually reported as visco~~ity/ter~-~l~e~-at~~r.~ curves or stated in terms of a viscosity in&x (VI).

©ESA

ES ISO3448 :2005(2012) ETHIOPIAN STANDARD

IS0 3448:1992(E)

3.5 The kinematic viscosities of the same lubricants defined by this International Standard, but identified at other temperatures customarily used in some countries, are shown in annex A. Three val- ues of the viscosity index have been used. These data are given only for the purpose of general guid- ante in understanding or adoption of this Inter-

4 Designation

The followinq wording shall be used to designate a particular viscosity grade:

IS0 viscosity grade . . . (IS0 3448)

national Standard. which may be abbreviated to:

IS0 VG...

Table I - IS0 viscosity classification

IS0 viscosity grade

IS0 VG 2

IS0 VG 3

IS0 VG 5

IS0 VG 7

IS0 VG 10

IS0 VG 15

ISO’VG 22

IS0 VG 32

IS0 VG 46

IS0 VG 68

IS0 VG 100

IS0 VG 150

IS0 VG 220

IS0 VG 320

IS0 VG 460

IS0 VG 680

IS0 VG *l 000

IS0 VG 1500

IS0 VG 2 200 IS0 VG 3 200 --

Mid-point khema tic viscosity

Kinematic-viscosity limits

nw?/s at 40 “C

rnrn2/s at 40 “C - ~---_-__

min.

2,2 1.98

3,2 2,88

436 4,14

618 6,12

10 9,00

15 13.5

22 19,8

32 28,8

46 41,4

68 61,2

100 90,o

150 135

220 198

320 288

460 414

680 612

1 000 900

1 500 1 350

2 200 1 980

3 300 2 880

---- __________. max.

2,42

3,52

5,06

7,4R

11 ,o

16,5

24,2

35,2

50,6

74,8

110

16.5

242

352

506

748

1100

1 650

2 430

3 520 ---.--

ES ISO3448:20m

05(2012)

©ESA

IS0 3448:1992(E)

Annex A (informative)

IS0 viscosity classification with corresponding kinematic viscosities at various temperatures for differing viscosity indices

©ESA

ES ISO3448:2005(2012)m

Kine

mat

ic-

Appr

oxim

ate

kinem

atic

visco

sity

at

othe

r te

mpe

ratu

res

for

diffe

rent

va

lues

of v

iscos

ity i

ndex

IS

0 vis

cosit

y I

visco

sity

I ra

nge

I Vi

scos

ity

index

=

13

I ! Vi

scg

sity

index

=

50

I Vi

scos

ity

index

=

95

grad

e 1

mm

z/s

at

1

40

“C

mm

2/s

at

20

“C

mm

2/s

at

mm

+ at

i

I m

m%

at

I

mm

+ at

m

m2ls

at

37

,8

“C

mm

2/s

at

20

“C

1 50

“C

m

m%

at

1

mm

2!s

at

20

“C

! IS

0 ‘JG

2

f 1.

98

to

2,42

1

i2.82

to

33

67)

(2,0

5 to

2,

52)

(1.6

9 to

2.

03)

IS0

VG

3 2.

88

to

3.52

/

J,‘4

to

5,

06

i id,

60

to

5.99

) (3

.02

t0

3,71

) i

IS0

VG

5 (2

,37

to

2.83

) /

j ;:7

,39

to

9.60

) / /

($38

to

5.

38)

1 !3

,27

to

3,91

)

IS0

VG

7 6,

12

to

7.48

’

I

is0

VG

10

! 1

(12.

3 to

?6

.0)

1 {,6

,55

to

8.05

)

iSO

‘/‘G

15

j

9,oo

to

11

.0

j Z0

.2

to

25.9

j

9.73

to

12

.0

‘3.5

to

16.5

33

.5

to

43.0

’

i j

‘4.7

to

?8,1

I

IS0

VG

22

j 19

.8

to

24.2

1

54.2

to

69

.8

1 21

.8

to

26.8

/

‘3,3

to

16.0

I

51.0

to

65

.8

IS0

VG

32

28,8

to

35

,2

I 87

.7

to

115

32.0

to

39

,4

18,6

to

22

,2

82,6

to

10

8 31

.9

to

39.2

IS

0 ‘JG

46

19

,0

to

22.6

76

.9

to

98.7

’

&-I

to

50.6

‘44

to

18

9 i

46.6

to

57

,4

I /

l 25

,5

to

30,3

j

133

to

172

J6,3

to

j

56,9

j

26,l

to

31.3

12

0to

153

45,9

to

56

,3

27.0

to

32

,5

1

IS0

‘JG

68

61.2

to

74

,s 24

2to

315

1 69

.8

to

85,8

35

.9

to

42.8

/

219

to

283

69.2

to

85

.0

Xl

to

44.-t

19

3to

244

I iS

O

VG

100

68,4

83

,9

to

38,7

te

46

.6

’ 40

2to

520

104t

o 12

7 j

I so

,4

to

60,3

1

356

to

454

103

to

‘26

52,4

to

63

,O

303

to

383

101

to

124

IS0

VG

150

j ,

55,3

to

66

.6

135t

o 16

5 67

2 to

86

2 1

157t

o 19

4 72

,5

to

86,9

58

3 to

74

3 15

5 to

19

1 !

75.9

to

91

,2

186t

o 61

4 ’ I

153t

o 18

8 80

,6

to

97,’

IS0

‘“‘G

33

0

IS0

VG

ii0

j 19

8to2

42

/ 1

080

to

i 39

0 /

233

to

286

/ 1

102

t0

i23

927

to

1 18

0 23

0 to

28

2 i08

to

129

761

to

964

226

to

277

115

to

‘38

288

to

352

i j ‘72

0 to

22

10

1 33

1 to

41

9 ’

‘44

to

172

i 1

460

to

1 87

0 j

337t

o 41

4 ‘5

’ to

18

2 ‘18

0to

‘500

331

to40

6 16

3 to

19

6 iS

O

'JG

460

/ J1

4to

506

2700

to

3480

39

5 to

60

8 19

9to

239

I 22

90to

29

30

488

to

1 59

9 21

oto

252

I ‘81

0 to

23

00

478

to

587

1 I 22

8 to

27

4 , I

I !S

O

:+.‘G

$80

1

,;‘2

:CJ 7

18

j 28

3 to

33

9 j

3700

to

4740

72

8 to

89

4 30

0 to

36

0 1

2880

to

36

50

1 71

2 to

87

4 IS

0 VG

1 C

OO

:

326

to

393

3oo:

o 11

00

: ;‘1

70

to

I ’

9230

1

loot0

13

50

-toot

0 47

9 ! i

5960

10

764

0 ‘08

0 to

‘33

0 1

425

to

509

i 15

50to

57I3

0 10

50to

12

90

j 46

6 to

56

0 iS

OVG

15

00

j 13

5Oto

!E

50

i 57

5 to

68

8 98

50

to

1260

0 ‘64

0 to

20

10

j 81

3 to

73

4 1

7390

to

9400

‘59

0 to

19

60

1 /

1 67

6 to

81

2 I

! :

: I

ISO

'JG

2200

* 3

80

!o

2 -1

20

?940

0to2

5200

1

2460

to30

20

f I 81

0 to

97

0 15

900t

o 20

400

2420

to

29

70

! :S

65to

i 0

40

/ 11

710t

o 15

300

2350

to

28

90

I 95

0 to

1

150

iSO

VG

3200

I

L380

?0

2520

31

18

0 to

40

300

I /

3610

to

-I4

35

[ 11

30

to

1355

,

/ 25

360

to

32

600

1 3

350

to

4 36

0 j

1210

to

1150

18

450

to

24

500

34

50

to

4260

13

50

to

i 620

/

I t

1

NOTE

-

Valu

es

in

pare

nthe

ses

have

be

en

deriv

ed

by e

xtra

pola

tion

and

are

appr

oxim

ate.

©ESA

ES ISO3448 :2005(E)

ES ISO3448:20m

05(2012)

4

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