EROSION CONTROL RESEAECH AND TRAINING CENTER – AN … · Erosion Control Blanket Evaluation....
Transcript of EROSION CONTROL RESEAECH AND TRAINING CENTER – AN … · Erosion Control Blanket Evaluation....
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EROSION CONTROL RESEAECH AND TRAINING CENTER – AN OVERVIEW
Prasanta Kalita, Rabin BhattaraiDepartment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Erosion Control Research and Training Centero Established in 2010 to conduct research and education on erosion
and sediment control Training Research
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Training Activitieso Module I: Fundamentals of Storm Water Pollution and Erosion and Sediment
Controlo Module II: Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Designo Module III: Inspection of Erosion and Sediment Control Best Management
Practices (BMPS)
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Hydrologic Cycle
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Runoff and Infiltration
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Soil Erosion
http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/landuse/crops/erosion/
o Breakdown, transport, and redistribution of soil particles by the forces of water or wind.
o Understanding and managing these processes has important long term implications.
o Land area globally affected: o 1094 million ha by water erosion,
549 million ha by wind erosion (Lal, 2003)
o Significant economic burden US - 44 billion dollars/year (Pimentel
et al., 1995). EU - 38 billion euros/year
(Montanarella, 2007)
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Soil Erosion
EPA (2007) National Water Quality Inventory
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Soil Erosion
http://www.epa.gov/owow/NPS/MMGI/Chapter4/ch4-3a.html
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Consequences of Soil ErosionLoss of soil health
Depletion of nutrients and organic matterAggregate instabilityReduced plant vigor and health
Environmental degradationWater quality
Point and Non-point source pollutionImpacts to plant and animal life
Aquatic & TerrestrialAir quality
Point and Non-point source pollutionImpacts to human health and safety
Economic impactNotice of Violation (NOV) $$$$$$$$$
It takes 100-600 years to form an inch of topsoil
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Types of Soil Erosion
Water erosiono Splash/raindrop erosiono Sheet erosiono Rill erosiono Gully erosion
Wind erosiono Suspensiono Saltationo Creep
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Water Erosion
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Erosion and Sediment Estimation
1. Measure for the real world conditions
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Factors Affecting Soil Erosion
Rainfall – intensity and duration
Soil type (soil amendments)Slope lengthSteepnessLand cover – grass, mulch, etc.Conservation practices
What factors can the designers/contractors change for a construction site?
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Research Activitieso Evaluation of various erosion and sediment control products for IDOT
o Ditch checkso Inlet protection deviceso Perimeter barrier products
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o Test vegetation establishment under 5 cover practices (one bare)
o Document growth of vegetation and erosion patternso Collect biomass samples of vegetation
Vegetation Cover Evaluation
Hydroseed-Mulch Hydroseed Compost Mulch
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2011-03-04 (Hydroseed-Mulch, Hydroseed, Compost, Mulch, Bare)
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2011-05-12 (Hydroseed-Mulch, Hydroseed, Compost, Mulch, Bare)
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2011-05-31 (Hydroseed-Mulch, Hydroseed, Compost, Mulch, Bare)
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Vegetation Cover Evaluation
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Four 3H:1V plots, 35’ long by 8’ wide Three cover materials and one control
Mushroom compost Screened garden compost Premium shredded hardwood mulch Bare soil (control)
Compost Covers for Rill Erosion Protection
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Bare soil
Compost Covers for Rill Erosion Protection
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Screened garden compost
Compost Covers for Rill Erosion Protection
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Shredded hardwood mulch
Compost Covers for Rill Erosion Protection
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Mushroom compost
Compost Covers for Rill Erosion Protection
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1. Bare plot
3. Mulch
2. Garden compost
4. Mushroom compost
1. Bare plot
2. Garden compost
3. Mulch
4. Mushroom compost
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Bhattarai et al. (2011)
Bhattarai et al. (2011)
Compost Cover for Erosion Control
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Erosion Control Blanket Evaluation
Test ECBs under 4 in/hr rainfall intensity for 30 minutes and compare to control condition (bare plot)
Record runoff rates, sediment concentrations, and erosion patterns
Determine overall soil loss
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Erosion Control Blanket Evaluation
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Curlex I DS-75 SC-150Control plot
Erosion Control Blanket Evaluation
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Ditch Check Evaluation Test ditch checks under 3 flow conditions (5, 7.5, and
10 L/s) Record erosion patterns and sediment accumulation Collect the water samples for turbidity and sediment
concentration measurement
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Ditch Check EvaluationAverage testing channel soil loss under 10 L s-1 flow rate.
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Ditch Check Evaluation
Bulnes Garcia et al. (2015)
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Inlet Protection Product Evaluation
Test inlet protection products under two flow conditions (5 and 10 L/s)
Record channel disturbance and observe any performance issues/failures
Collect water samples for turbidity and sediment concentration measurement
Silt Fence Welded wire with woven fabric
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05
10152025303540455055
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
5 L/s 10 L/s
NTU
s
Time (min)
Welded Wire (Around Grate)
05
10152025303540455055
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
5 L/s 10 L/s
NTU
s
Time (min)
Silt Fence
05
10152025303540455055
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
5 L/s 10 L/s
NTU
sTime (min)
Welded Wire (Around Concrete)
Inlet Protection Product Evaluation
Bhattarai et al. (2016)
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Sediment Control Product Evaluation
Evaluation of curb and gutter inlet protection products
Evaluation of flared-end inlet protection products
Frame & Grate Dandy Curb Sack Erosion Eel SediGuard
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ERTEC ProWattle (HDPE)
woven monofilament geotextile
compost log (Filtrexx Siltsoxx)
Evaluation of Perimeter Barrier Products
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Evaluation of Perimeter Barrier Products
Curlex Sediment Log (Aspen Excelsior) coconut coir log (Coir Fiber)
Siltworm (Dried Hardwood)
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Questions??