Erosion and Deposition

What is Erosion?

Erosion is the movement of sediment by wind, ice

(glaciers), water, or gravity.

What is Deposition?

The dropping of sediment out of the wind, water, ice (glaciers), or

gravity and settling in a new place.

Creates new landforms.

Wind Erosion

Wind picks up sediment after it is weathered.

Wind Deposition Sand Dunes – mounds of wind deposited

sand. Move in direction of wind.

Wind Deposition Loess – very fertile sediments of Quartz,

Feldspar, Mica, and clay deposited by the wind

Water Erosion

Moving Water (rivers, oceans, rain, etc.) carries tons of sediment as it

moves.

Water is the main agent of erosion.

Water Deposition Floodplain- an area along a river that forms from sediments

deposited when the river overflows its bank (freshwater) Deltas – a fan-shaped mass of material deposited at the

mouth of a river or the ocean (freshwater) Alluvial Fans – fan-shaped mass of material deposited by a

stream with a steep incline occurs on land (freshwater) Sand Bars – offshore deposit of sand, gravel, or shell

material (oceans) Barrier Island- is a long narrow island forms along the

coast- protects coastal regions from waves and storms (ocean waves)

Beaches – deposited sand (ocean waves)

What did water create in each of these pictures?

DELTA SANDBAR

ALLUVIAL FAN

http://www.school-portal.co.uk/GroupDownloadFile.asp?file=21604

1

2

4 4 6

1 2

4

53

BEACH

5.Barrier Island 6. Flood Plain

Glacier ErosionHuge masses of moving ice carry and move metric tons

of sediment.

Glacial DepositionTill – unsorted, deposited rock material

Glacial DepositionStratified Drift – layers of rock deposited based on size

Glacial Deposition

Moraine- is a ridge of sediment and rock left behind when a glacier melts

Gravity ErosionSediments fall (sediments move

down slope due to the force of Gravity)

The Steeper the slope the faster the sediment move down slope

Gravity ErosionAngle of Repose is the steepest angle, or

slope at which a material will not slide down.

Gravity DepositionMass Movement

gravity is a force that moves material down a slope

1. Landslide - rock & soil move quickly down a slope (slump most common type of landslide)

2. Rock Slide/Fall- Rocks moving quickly down slope

3. Creep – slow, downhill movement of rock/ soil.

4. Mudflow – mud flows down a slope during heavy rains- happens quickly

5. Avalanche – snow moves quickly down a slope

What type of mass movement is each picture?http://classes.colgate.edu/dkeller/geol101/massw/mass.htm

LANDSLIDE MUDFLOW

SLUMP CREEP

1 2

3 4

Erosion and Deposition Exit Ticket

1. List one agent / cause of Erosion, describe how it erodes the surface of the Earth, and the landform that is create when the agent drops the sediments that it is carrying.