ERIC 2013 19 September Ramon A. Alberts MSc [email protected] Carbon Footprint reduction...

ERIC 201319 September

Ramon A. Alberts [email protected]

Carbon Footprint reduction potentialInnovative Energy conceptsHistorical Buildings

PROJECT ENERGETIC RESTORATION

19-09-2013 /ERIC 2013 / Research ER-IEC/ Ir. R.A.Alberts/ 2

• Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen

• Hanze Research Centre NoorderRuimte

• Theme Sustainable Building• SIA RAAK MKB Project• North of the Netherlands• 2 years of research• 4 themes : 5 colleagues• > 40 participating enterprises,

owners and governmental organisations

• > 50 participating students• > 25 case study projects

• Ramon Alberts

• Researcher/teacher

• EDGAR/CO2-impurities

K-F.I.T Beslis Computer Model

• Karakter Cultuur historische waarde; Architectuur- en

Kunsthistorische waarde; Situationele en Ensemblewaarde; Gaafheid en Herkenbaarheid, en; Zeldzaamheid

• Functie Type; Functie en; Gebruik

• IngreepToelichting?

• TypeAfmetingen; Constructie; en Extra (bv

lambriseringen, orgel e.d.)

Resultaat: in termen van energiewinsten


Presentation Content

• Research question

• Research set up ETR-IEC

• Research Methodology

• Case study building RUG Groningen

• Case study building Justice Leeuwarden

• Results

/ERIC 2013 / Research ER-IEC/ Ir. R.A.Alberts/ 4

Research Question ER-IEC

• What is the Energy- and CO2-emission reduction potential of Innovative Energy Concepts in Historical Buildings and how can this potential be shown to the stakeholders, like architects, owners, users and third parties of Historical Buildings?

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/International Final Conference Energetic Restoration/ / Research ER-IEC/ Ir. R.A.Alberts/ 5

Research Setup ER-IEC

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Research ER

Case Studies

T. v.d. Schoor

HG-Research

Energy Characteristics

B. Boschma

Sustainable Project

Management

M.C. Vieveen

Companies

-Deerns

-Degin

-Rijksgebouwendienst

-RUG

-Urban climate Architects

-Van Ruysdaal Glas

-Bomar

-Grontmij

-Heymans Servicebouw

Research Question

Innovatieve Energie Concepten (IEC’s)

R.A. Alberts

Results

-Reports

-Data

-Graph’s

-Conclusions

IEC’s

-Trias Energetica 1

-Trias Energetica 2

-Trias Energetica 3

Building Simulation Software

-Vabi-Elements

-H.E.N.K.

Casestudy Buildings

-RUG, Groningen

-PvJ, Leeuwarden

-Villa Schouwenburg

-Villa Zeist

Students

-L. Claassens

-J.A.P. Schamper

-E.A. van Veen

• Energy data aquisition per Historical Building• Modeling the Historical Building in Building Simulation Software ( BSS) to determine the

Status Quo energy consumption• Modeling many Innovative Energy Concepts (IEC’s), according to the Trias Energetica to

determine the Energy Consumption per separate IEC• Modeling combinations of IEC’s in the BSS to determine:

1. Scenario A: Pay Back Time < Technical Life Time; Minimum CO2-emission reduction2. Scenario B: Pay Back Time ≈ Technical Life Time; Medium CO2-emission

reduction3. Scenario C: Pay Back Time > Technical Life Time; Maximum CO2-emission reduction

• Modeling the scenario’s in the goals of the Kyoto Protocol, listed in the Dutch MJA3-regulations to determine the Carbon Footprint reduction potential of existing IEC’s in Historical Buildings


Research MethodologyRamon Alberts

Trias Energetica 1( Reduction of Energy Use):• Wall-, Roof-, Ground-isolation; 70-100-150 [mm] PUR/ Rockwool• Window: Single-/ Double glazing, Foil, HR+/++/+++• Sun protection systems, ShuttersTrias Energetica 2( Production of Sustainable Energy):• Solar: PV, BIPV, Solar collectors• HP(Heat Pump): Air-Air, Air-Water, Water-Water, Gas Absorbtion• CHP( Combined Heat Power)• Wood Pellet CH( Central Heating)Trias Energetica 3( More efficiënt use of Fossil Energy):• Floor Heating• Cooling/ Fan coil units/ Condensor• Zone HVAC(Heating, Ventilation and Cooling)• Lighting: HF-TL, Led• Domotica: Area-, Presence- and Condition- Control


Innovative energy Concepts


Case Study Building RUG/ Groningen

• RUG- State University Groningen; Faculty of Literature; Boteringenstraat 23-25; Groningen; Previous House with the 13 Temples; Rebuild in 1710; Rococo embellishments 1756; Restoration 1964

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Case Study Building RUG/ Groningen

• Building geometry model of the RUG-building in Vabi-Elements

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RUG Faculty of Literature

Utilities Energy use (E) Primary Energy use (Epri)

CH4 = 26.959[m3

/y] 855 (83%) [GJ/y] 1082 (65%) [GJ/y]

Elek. = 49.240 [kWh/y] 177 (17%) [GJ/y] 585 (35%) [GJ/y]

H2O = 219 [m3

/y] - -

Total Energy 1.032 (100%) [GJ/y] 1.667 (162%) [GJ/y]

Total Energy/ m2

(GFA) 510 (100%) [MJ/m2.y] 824(162%) [MJ/y.m2

(GFA)]

Total CO2/ m2( GFA) 39 (100%) KG(CO2)/m2(GFA)

GFA=Gross Floor Area = 2.022 [m2

]; NFA=Net Floor Area = 1.484 [m2

]; 1 [kWh] = 3,6 [MJ] => 11,9( factor 3,3) [MJ(pri.)]

1 [m3

CH4] = 31,7 [MJ] => 44,5( factor 1,3) [MJ(pri.)


Status Quo RUG-buildingRamon Alberts

Trias Energetica reduction unit Percentage

1.1-Wall-isolation CH4 = -6.740 [m3/j] (-25%) gas year total

1.2-Roof-isolation CH4 = -1.500 [m3/j] (-5,5%) gas year total

1.3-Window-isolation CH4 = -3.000 [m3/j] (-11%) gas year total

1-Totaal (TE-1) CH4 = -11.240 [m3/j] (-38%) gas year total

1-Reduction (TE-1) ∆E(pri.) = -383 [GJ(pri)/y] (-23%) E(pri. tot)/y

2.1-CH( wood pellets) E(p) = -428 [GJ(pri)/y] (-25%) E(pri. tot)/y

2.2-PV-roof E(PV) = -160 [GJ(pri)/y] (-10%) E(pri. tot)/y

2-Reduction (TE-2) ∆E(pri.) = -588 [GJ(pri)/y] (-35%) E(pri. tot)/y

Tot. Result (TE) ∆E(pri.)= -971 [GJ(pri)/y] (-58%) E(pri. tot)


IEC’s for RUG-buildingRamon Alberts


Simulation results RUG/IEC’sRamon Alberts

Description Entity Unit Reduction

1-Tot Energie Reduction ∆E(pri.) = -971 GJ(pri.)/y (-58%) E(pri.t)/y

2-Remaining Pri. Fossil Energy E(pri.) = 696 GJ(pri.)/y (42%) E(pri.t)/y

3-Remaining Pri. Fossil Energy per m2 (BFA)

E(pri) = 344E(pri) = 104

MJ(pri)/m2.ykWh(pri)/m2.y

(33%) E(pri.t)/y.m2(BFA)

4-Carbon Footprint CO2(fossil)=10 Kg(CO2)/y.m2(GFA) (26 %)

4-After Energetic Restoration the building complies till 2030 with the Dutch MJA3- regulations

5-Heritage values are hardly compromised

6-User comfort rises

7-IEC’s Investment Pay Back Times are within the Technical Life Times of the IEC’s


Case Study Building Justice/Leeuwarden

• Palace of Justice; Wilhelminaplein 1; Leeuwarden; Design City architect Thomas Romein; Neo-Greece Style; Build from 1846-1852; Renovated in 2013.

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• Building geometry model of the Palace of Justice in Vabi-Elements

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Energy data Building of Justice

.

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Building model

Primairy Electricityuse

PrimairyGasuse

Total primairy Energyuse

Total primairy CO2-emissie

[-]

MJ (fossil)/y MJ (fossil)/y MJ (fossil)/y kg Co2 (fossil)/y

History 2011Energy Data

2.737.130 (42%)

3.846.392 (58%)

6.583.522 (100%)

312.752

First Model2.547.379

(49%)2.688.608

(51%)5.235.987

(100%)239.141

Model withoutcooling

2.849.998 (43%)

3.723.526 (57%)

6.573.525 (100%)

305.973

Default modelwith cooling

5.593.972 (59%)

3.932.589 (41%)

9.526.561 (100%)

419.276


Building simulation of IEC’s Palace of Justice

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Energy production plus cooling

Primairy Electricityuse

PrimairyGasuse

PrimairyWood pelletuse

Total primairy Energieuse

Totale primaire CO2-emission

[-]

MJ (fossil)/y MJ (fossil)/y MJ (fossil)/y MJ (fossil)/y in kg CO2 (fossil)/y

CH-unit5.358.931

(58%)3.932.589

(42%)0 (0%)

9.291.520 (100%) 410.532

Air-water HP5.590.176

(92%)4.473.382 (8%) 0 (0%)

6.063.558 (100%) 233.375

Water-water HP4.785.561

(99%)41.205 (1%) 0 (0%)

4.826.767 (100%) 180.236

Gasabsorption HP

3.351.579 (55%)

2.782.824 (45%)

0 (0%)6.134.403

(100%) 274.116

CHP-unit 1.319.570

(20%)7.928.807

(80%)0 (0%)

6.609.236 (100%) 474.865

Wood pellet CH5.358.931

(93%)0 (0%) 432.585 (7%)

5.791.516 (100%) 203.505

• .


Scenario simulation Palace of Justice

.

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Vabi-ElementsSimulation results ofScenario’s inPalace of Justice

PrimairyElectricityuse

PrimairyGas-Wood pelletuse

Total PrimairyEnergyuse

Total primairy CO2-emission(Carbon Footprintof IEC’s)

unitsMJ (fossil)/m² (GFA)•Y

MJ (fossil)/m² (GFA)•Y

MJ (fossil)/m² (GFA)•Y

kg CO2 (fossil)/m² (GFA)•Y

History 2011 563,4 (49%) 791,8 (98%) 1355,2 (69%) 64,4( 75%)

Default model 1151,5 (100%) 809,5 (100%) 1961,0 (100%) 86,3(100%)

Scenario A374,7 (33%) 102,7 (13%) 477,4 (24%)

23,1(27%)

Scenario B- 45,7 (-4%) 91,1 (11%) 45,4 (2,3%)

6,3(7,3%)

Scenario C -60,6 (-5%) 91,1 (11%) 30,5 (1,6%)

5,7(6.6%)

GFA=Gross Floor Area = 4558[m2

]; NFA=Net Floor Area = 3897[m2

]; 1 [kWh] = 3,6 [MJ] => 11,9( factor 3,3) [MJ(pri.)]

1 [m3

CH4] = 31,7 – 35,2[MJ] => 44,5( factor 1,3) [MJ(pri.)

Wood pellets[kg] => 18 [MJ (pri.)]( with:1,98{( 11%)MJ] Fossil Energy and 16,02( 89%)[MJ] Renewable Energy


Scenario simulation Palace of Justice

.

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1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022

2024

2026

2028

2030

2032

2034

2036

2038

2040

2042

2044

2046

2048

2050

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140 Kyoto Protocol: Dutch MJA3-regulation

Jaar [-]

En

erg

y U

se

Fo

ss

iel,

Su

sta

ina

ble

[%

E(1

99

0)]

2005: - 15% CO2-emission

1990: reference100%

CO2-emission

2020: - 45%CO2-emission

2030: -65%CO2-emission

2050: 100%CO2-emission!

Fossil Energy reduction

Fossil CO2 reduction

Sustainable Energy production



MJA3: Scenario A

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MJA3: Scenario B

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• Red- Primary Fossil Energy

• Green- Sustainable Energy

• Black- Fossil CO2-emission



MJA3: Scenario C

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Results ER-IEC

.Building Fossil Energy Primary Energy CO2-emission

[MJ/m2(GFA).y] [MJ(pri)/m2(GFA).y] Kg(CO2)/m2(GFA).y

RUG

Status Quo 510(100%) 824(100%) 39(100%)

Scenario B 165(33%) 344(42%) 10(26%)

Pal. Justice

Status Quo 970(100%) 1961(100%) 86(100%)

Scenario A 194(20%) 477(24%) 23(27%)

Scenario B 26(3%) 45(2%) 6,3(7,3%)

Scenario C 10(1%) 31(2%) 5,7(6,6%)

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Thank Youforyour attention

Any questions?

ERIC 2013 19 September Ramon A. Alberts MSc [email protected] Carbon Footprint reduction...

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