Texas School for the Blind & Visually ImpairedOutreach Programswww.tsbvi.edu | 512-454-8631 | 1100 W. 45th St.| Austin, TX 78756

2018 Texas Focus Preconference:

Ready, Set, Go! Orientation and Mobility Workshop for Adult Family Members

Thursday, March 1, 2018

12:00-4:30 PM

Presented by

Mark Gronquist, Recreation Director

gronquistm@tsbvi.edu

Kristen Seljenes, Physical Education Teacher

slejenesk@tsbvi.edu

Texas School for the Blind & Visually Impaired

Developed for

Texas School for the Blind & Visually Impaired

Outreach Programs

Basketball for the Blind and Visually Impaired........................................2Adapted Sports for the Blind Resources:................................................5Beep Kickball Game Rules.....................................................................9Blind Tennis..........................................................................................14Goalball.................................................................................................24

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Basketball for the Blind and Visually Impaired Kristen Seljenes, Physical Education Teacher, TSBVI

Meet with the student prior to discuss current abilities and skills, as well as, modifications they already use as well as what they are comfortable with having. 

Be sure to determine whether there are any health concerns (some eye conditions may carry a higher risk for retinal detachments).  With permission from the eye doctor, sometimes sports goggles can be used to minimize risk of injury.

Only modify the game as much as is needed for safe participation.

Equipment Modifications Sounds sources and textures/ varied materials can help with identification of various areas. 

Use high contrast colors for court lines, a bright back board and/ or for ball (e.g. court that is bright blue with bright yellow court lines; yellow/ light border painted around edges of court)

White backboards can "disappear into the background"; consider adding a dark border.

A beeper box can be mounted at both baskets to allow for orientation (each basket should have a different beep to make it easier to hear each one). 

Use a stick (or the student’s cane) to tap continuously on the inside back edge of the basket to orient to location.  

Attach bells to the basket net, so it makes a sound when the ball goes through net. You can also consider using a metal net

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Figure 1 A basketball player using a blindfold.

The court boundary lines can have a different texture (f.e. carpet) (http://icevi.org/publications/ICEVI-WC2002/papers/01-topic/01-bahram-jadidi.htm).  Use caution to ensure these modifications do not create slip and/or trip hazards!

The backboard could have a piece of metal mounted on the square behind the basket, so they hear when it bounces off of it.

Basketball can have bells inside it to allow for audible clue. 

Potential Rules Modifications: Allow the player(s) to dribble with two hands, or travel with the ball

for longer periods.   Have the player move to a specific area and then have the ball

passed/ handed to them for shooting during the game (if running between other players is a safety issue).  

Require all players to walk instead of run while travelling around the court.

Use verbal name cue and bounce pass so they will be alerted and hear it bounce.

Spend adequate time on individual skills and highlight their strengths.

Allow visually impaired student to shoot free throws for both teams.

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Figure 2 Basketball net with metal chains

Teaching strategies Make tactual "maps" of playing area. Allow student to tactually explore equipment. Use larger balls that move more slowly to learn/ practice dribbling

(consider punching balloons)

Resources for Basketball Modifications: Tapping net with cane (watch into video at 1:29): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VrZ9-_l8UFI

Accessible Court: http://icevi.org/publications/ICEVI-WC2002/papers/01-topic/01-bahram-jadidi.htm

Bell net: (make your own with the bells) https://youtu.be/EYEHUOpwNvE

Beeper Box: PSS, Sport Edition and Portable Sound Source 2003https://shop.aph.org/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/Product_Portable%20Sound%20Source,%20Sport%20Edition_1-03045-00P_10001_11051

Bell ball: http://www.flaghouse.com/display-item-6201

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Figure 3: Two views of the Planters School Basketball court in the Dominican Republic.

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Adapted Sports for the Blind Resources:

United States Association of Blind Athletes http://www.usaba.org/

USABA Sports Adaptations: http://usaba.org/index.php/sports/sports-adaptations

Ontario Blind Sports Adaptation for Blind Sports https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkuApNCZAmY

Canadian Institute for the Blind https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yx9gl8PxvDs

Staff Training for Physical Education for Children With Visual Impairments:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77fyMsRWrYs&t=690s

Tennis: Overview and History: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ji1JCp3iY6c

TedTalks Blind Tennis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZC3lOnht_o

1st International Tennis Tournament: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ftQbz0RK-DI

Singapore Blind Tennis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdJoSCOSGeM

Metro Blind Sports: https://www.metroblindsport.org/sports/tennis/soundball-tennis-rules/

International Blind Tennis Association: http://ibta-takei.com/

Black tennis balls- http://global.rakuten.com/en/store/tennis-c/item/139900002/

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Yellow tennis balls https://shop.aph.org/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/Product_physical%20education%20equipme nt%20daily%20living%20family%20fitness%20sports%20health%20cardiovascular%20muscles% 20strength%20flexibility%2030%20thirty%20love%20sound%20ball%20soundball%20games%2 0recreation_61-145-087P_10001_10001

Blind Ambition Article: http://www.tennis.com/your-game/2014/12/blind-ambition/53376/

Blind Tennis https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ZELzVCvaHI

Fundacion Mirandas de Esperanza A.C. (non-profit in Mexico and McAllen Texas that has a tennis club for blind and visually impaired) www.miradasdeesperanza.org.mx (899) 261-3666 or 901 E. Vermont Ave., Suite B, McAllen, Texas 78503 (956) 331-3707; email: info@miresbtrgv.org

Beep Kickball http://www.beepkickball.com/

Golf Bright, high contrast equipment: http://www.snaggolf.com/

United States Blind Golf Association: http://usblindgolf.com/

Unites States Golf Association: http://www.usga.org/

International Blind Golf Association: http://www.internationalblindgolf.org/

American Blind Golf: http://www.americanblindgolf.com

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Aquatics Swimming: Tips for Swimmers Who Are Blind or Visually Impaired: General guidelines: http://www.visionaware.org/info/everyday-living/recreation-and-leisure/sports-and-exercise/swimming-6126/1235

Tapping Technique: https://nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/bm/bm08/bm0806/bm080607.htm

Blind Swimmer article: https://nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/fr/fr18/fr05sf09.htm

Potential Funding: APH Quota Funds: http://www.aph.org/federal-quota/

http://www.tsbvi.edu/aph-materials-items/4014-aph-quota-funds

All Blind Children of Texas: http://www.abctx.org/

Lion’s Club: http://www.lionsclubs.org/EN/index.php

Challenged Athlete’s Foundation: http://www.challengedathletes.org/

Sports Camps for the Blind/ VI; Sports Competitions

Camp Abilities: http://www.dentonisd.org/campabilities

http://www.afb.org/info/programs-and-services/professional-development/education/lauren-j-liebermans-advice-on-recreation-and-leisure-skills/camp-abilities/12345

Sports Extravaganza: https://www.region10.org/programs/visually-impaired-services/sports-extravaganza/

USABA Camps: http://usaba.org/index.php/sports/calendar-details/and=

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Texas Regional Games: http://www.texasregionalparalympicsport.org/texas-regional-games-3

Camp Challenge: http://www.tsbvi.edu/summer-programs-items/4682-camp-challenge-2

Contact Info: Kristine Seljenes, Certified Teacher of the Blind and Visually Impaired, Adapted Physical Educator seljenesk@tsbvi.edu 512-206-9159

Notes:

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Beep Kickball Game Rules

Figure 4 Banner with images of a player running towards a beeping goal and another one of someone preparing to kick a beep kickball.

A team has 5 players on the field.

Only first and third bases are set up, using the specially designed buzzing bases.

A game lasts 6 innings unless tied or unless time runs out, 3 outs per inning.

Only one sighted player (a field spotter) is needed on the defensive team.

Only one sighted player (a coach) is needed on the offensive team.

All visually impaired players wear blindfolds to make it fair.

FIELD SETUP – ELEMENTARY KIDSFirst and third bases are 60-feet from home plate.

A 25-foot arc from home plate is drawn for the foul line.

A 80-foot arc is drawn from home plate for the home run line.

FIELD SETUP – MIDDLE SCHOOLFirst and third bases are 70-feet from home plate.

A 25-foot arc from home plate is drawn for the foul line.

A 90-foot arc is drawn from home plate for the home run line.

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FIELD SETUP – HIGH SCHOOLERS AND ADULTSFirst and third bases are 80-feet from home plate.

A 30-foot arc from home plate is drawn for the foul line.

A 100-foot arc is drawn from home plate for the home run line.

KICKER – BLINDFOLDED The goal of the kicker is to kick the ball inside the base foul lines

and farther than the foul arc. The ball is placed on home plate to kick. Upon kicking the ball, the kicker listens for one of the bases to

buzz and then runs and tags the base. The kicker may kick the ball via a place kick, a running place kick

or a punt. The kicker may not step any farther forward than home plate.

FIELDERS – BLINDFOLDEDThere are 5 fielders in the field.

Once the ball is kicked, the fielders can (and should) communicate with each other.

The fielders must have the ball in hand and off the ground before the runner touches the base to get him out. Tie goes to the defense.

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FIELD SPOTTER – SIGHTED Assists the fielders in getting positioned in the field and returning

after each play. Alerts his team as to which section of the field the kicked ball is

coming towards. The field spotter calls out the name or number of the player the ball

is approaching. The field spotter can stop play to avoid collisions and request time

outs. The field spotter can communicate information about the kicker,

i.e. left footed, big kicker, etc. There can be one or two field spotters. FIRST AND THIRD BASE SAFETIES – SIGHTED The base safeties make sure the runners don’t collide with

anything (or anyone) by calling “FREEZE!” The base safeties guide the kicker back home after running if

needed. The base safeties stand between home plate and the base and

visually follows the runner. FIELD SAFETY – SIGHTED The field safety makes sure the fielders don’t collide with anyone

or anything by calling “FREEZE!” The field safety stands behind fielders.

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UMPIRE – SIGHTED Before each new kicker, the head umpire (who stands to the side

of home base) announces “READY IN THE FIELD” and the field spotter replies “READY IN THE FIELD”. It’s up to the FS whether the fielders count off.

Then umpire says “QUIET” to the players and spectators so players can hear the beeping and buzzing.

Then umpire hands the beeping ball to the kicker and says “PLAY BALL” and the kicker kicks the ball.

First and third base safeties double as base umpires and call “HERE” and raise their arms upon the runner tagging the base.

The FIELD UMPIRE listens for the “HERE” while watching the fielders & calls “OUT” or “SAFE”

THE KICKBALLOne kickball is recommended for a group of 10 players but two are recommended for a group larger than 10. Half of the group can be practicing the skills while the other half is scrimmaging.

THE BASESUse your beep baseball bases if you have them. If not and your budget allows, order a set for $300 from: CenturyLink Pioneers, c/o Bob Kurtz, 6944 Fargo Trail | Littleton, CO, 80125; 206.666.6015.

HOW TO ORDER EQUIPMENT:On the home page (www.beepkickball.com), go to VISIT OUR STORE and order by Paypal or credit card. We take purchase orders from schools and organizations. Our fax number is 866-496-7089. Or you can email or call Judy Byrd to place an order directly and ask questions!

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PORTABLE SOUND SOURCE(Can potentially attach to other soft large item):

https://shop.aph.org/webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/Product_Portable%20Sound%20Source,%20Sport%20Edition_1-03045-00P_10001_11051

Figure 5 A ball from BeepKickBall.com

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Figure 6 The Portable Sound Source from APH

X

Blind Tennis

Figure 7 1st International Blind Tennis Congress logo

On February 2014, the 1st. INTERNATIONAL BLIND TENNIS CONGRESS took place in the cities of Reynosa, Tamaulipas and McAllen, Texas which at the beginning of the summer of 2013 started the blind and visually impaired tennis program that was offered to children and young adults that belonged to Fundación Miradas de Esperanza A.C. as an innovative project for the development of the abilities of the students.

Since the sport was so greatly accepted among children and young adults, Fundación Miradas de Esperanza A.C. decided to work on the organization of the First International Blind Tennis Congress where countries such as Japan, South Korea, Spain, Italy, Australia, Argentina, the United Kingdom, the United States, Mexico, among others participated.

During this First International Blind Tennis Congress, the first agreements were discussed, voted, and signed in order to establish the international regulations for Blind Tennis and at the same time the International Blind Tennis Association (IBTA).

The objective and effort of this Congress will lead us to promote Blind Tennis around the world to be able to create the corresponding Federations that some day will compete among them at the Paralympic Games.

It is a commitment for all of us to become a more inclusive society for which this type of projects open new doors to people with visual

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disabilities and have them explore new options where they can become more independent and are able, with- out a doubt, to have a better quality of life through sports.

Visit us at: www.blindtenniscongress.com

Fundación Miradas de Esperanza A.C. is a non-profit organization 501(C)3, founded by María Dolores Fernández de Garza in 2008, in the city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México with address in:

Pedro J. Méndez 740 Oriente Zona CentroReynosa, Tamaulipas, México Phone (899) 261 3666

www.miradasdeesperanza.org.mx

We are also established in the city of McAllen, Texas, in the U.S.A. with address in:

901 E. Vermont Ave. Suite B in McAllen, Texas 78503

Phone (956) 331 3707

E-mail: info@miresbtrgv.org

Like us @ Facebook: Blind Tennis RGV

YouTube link: Fundacion Miradas de Esperanza - Blind Tennis RGV

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Figure 9 A player sits tailor fashion holding a racket and listening to the sound the ball makes.

Figure 8 Miradas de Esperanza logo

Figure 10 A young woman with a racket waits in ready.

Figure 11 A coach instructs a player on holding the ball for the serve.

Figure 12 An instructor shows the player how to serve.

Figure 13 Two tennis players bounce the ball on the floor wit their rackets.

What is Blind Tennis?It is tennis played by people with sight challenges where a special ball is used to play the game. The ball emits a rattling sound. This is achieved by using a special blind table tennis ball containing lead bearings which is housed inside a sponge ball. Players then listen to the sound and touch lines on the tennis court in order to track the ball. A conventional tennis racket is used. The ball even goes over the net, just like a regular tennis game.

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Blind Tennis or Tennis for the Blind can be played by children, young adults, and adults and it helps them develop their life styles by providing the equilibrium and strength needed for their social, physical, and mental abilities.

What makes Blind Tennis so special?It is the fact that for the first time those with sight challenges can play a regular three dimensional tennis game. It is no longer a dream for the visually impaired to hit a ball in the air. It is not only a great way for both the sighted and unsighted to come together, but now, since the rules are easy, everybody can enjoy it with their friends and families too. In a mixed-doubles game, the visually impaired can even play with the sighted. They can each take turns to hit the ball. Everybody can improve their health and motor skills and have fun, too!

The Origin

Figure 14 Miyoshi Takei 1968-2011. Photograph of him playing tennis with a blindfold.

Miyoshi Takei was born in 1968 in Saitama, a neighborhood area of Tokyo. He lost his sight at the age of 1 and a half due to a cancer. He was totally blind and did not have any light perception. He was a masseur, living in Tokyo.

Being an active boy and playing baseball with his brothers, Miyoshi could pitch but he was unable to catch or hit a ball. In 1984, Miyoshi was a high school student at the Saitama School for the Blind and Visually Impaired. At the time, he decided to play tennis, but he wanted to play in all three dimensions with a ball that bounced.

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At first, he tried a plastic baseball and put a small lead bearings inside. He tried other types of balls but it was very difficult to develop a good ball that both bounced and made a clear sound. In 1988, Takei found a sponge ball. He cut it in half and hollowed it out and placed a table tennis ball used by the blind inside. He took it to the National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities (NRCD).

The rules were developed there and a new sport was born.

On October 21st. in 1990, the first tournament was held at the NRCD. Takei´s dream finally came true. Miyoshi was always a very enthusiastic person who never gave up. It is estimated that more tan 3000 people enjoy this sport now around the world. Its international promotion started in 2007. Miyoshi´s dream was that blind tennis would be played at the Paralympics and now we share this dream and we do our best to accomplish it.

The RulesThe game rules are those dictated by the ITF (International Tennis Federation), plus the following:

Use the phrases “Ready?”, “Yes”, “Play”

No volleying.

If the ball hits the player inside the playing area before the first bounce, it is a point for the opponent.

If the ball hits the player outside the playing area before the first bounce it is a point for the player.

Bounces: B1/B2: 3 Bounces B3: 2 Bounces

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The BallA New Ball from April 2011After different prototypes, a special sponge ball was consolidated for Blind Tennis. Being soft and light, it is safe for the visually impaired when the ball hits their body. The size of the ball is 9 cm in diameter. The players can judge the approximate height, direction, and speed of the incoming ball. It is more durable and it has a better sound compared to the previous balls used. They can be yellow or black.

The Japanese ball is the official ball for tournaments.

The RacketThe official racket used by the players can be any accepted by the ITF (International Tennis Federation) according to the size of the court.

For B1 max. 23 inches

For B2 and B3 max. 25 inches.

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Figure 15 Photographs showing the JBTF ball and the interrior core in several sectional views.

Figure 16 Photograph of a racket and ball.

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The CourtFor B1, the size of the court is 42 ft. x 21 ft. (12.80 m. x 6.10 m.)

There will be tactile lines in all the lines except in the service areas.

For B2 / B3, the size of the court is 60 ft. x 27 ft. (18.28 m. x 8.23 m.)

The baselines and the center marks are tactile. A 2 mm string is placed under the tapes. The sidelines are also tactile and they have a length of 50 cm.

The ClassificationsThese classifications are subject to the sight classifications of the IBSA (International Blind Sports Federation)

CLASS

Visual acuity and visual field Bounces Allowed

B1 B1 goes from no light perception in either eye up to light perception, with an inability to recognize the shape of a hand at any distance or any direction. All B1 players must wear blindfolds to ensure fair play.

3 Bounces

B2 B2 goes from the ability to recognize the shape of a hand up to a visual acuity of 20/600 and/or a visual field of more than 5 degrees and less than 20 degrees.

3 Bounces

B3 B3 goes from a visual acuity above 20/600 and/or visual acuity of 60/600 and/or a visual field of more than 5 degrees and less tan 20 degrees.

2 Bounces

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B4 B4 goes from a visual acuity from 20/200 and up to visual acuity of 20/70 and a visual field of larger than 20 degrees.

1 Bounce

*Classification used in England

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Figure 17 B1 Tennis Court showing Service Lines, Service Boxes Net, External Guidelines and measurements of the court.

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Figure 18 B2 and B3 Tennis Court showing Baselines and Double Base Lines, Service Lines, Service Boxes, Center Line, Net, and measurements of the court.

Notes:

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GoalballMark Gronquist, Recreation Director, TSBVI

Figure 19 Goalball players defending the net. Figure 20 Goalball player serving

IntroductionGoalball is a team sport designed specifically for blind athletes, originally devised in 1946 by the Austrian Hanz Lorenzen and German Sepp Reindle as a means of assisting the rehabilitation of visually impaired World War II veterans.

Goalball was introduced as a medal event at the 1976 Paralympic Games in Toronto after its success as a demonstration event at the Heidelberg 1972 Paralympic Games.

Because the sport is for the visually impaired, the ball makes noise when it's in motion so that the players can locate it audibly. For this reason, silence at events is vital. It is played on a court with tactile markings so that players can determine their location on the court and which direction that he/she is facing. Players take turns throwing the ball at each other's goal.

Duration: Playing time is 24 minutes divided into 2 halves of 12 minutes each. The game will end once one team leads the other team by 10 goals or time runs out.

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Getting Started

First familiarize yourself with the concepts of the game of Goalball. Your second step is to prepare the court (you can use the instruction below). Third you must organize teams, each consisting of 3 members, 1 center and 2 wingers (left and right). You will also need to find a referee that is familiar with the rules and who will be able to start and control the course of the game (or learn the game well enough to do this yourself).

Equipment

To play Goalball you will need (1) Goalball, 76cm in diameter, and 1.250g in weight, tactile tape (gaffer or painter’s tape), and (6) pair of blacked out ski goggles (blind folds), which are to be used as eyeshades. You may also want to acquire some knee and elbow pads to protect against bruises and floor burns.

Basic Rules Blindfolds: All team members must wear blindfolds at all times during

the game. They receive a warning, then a penalty if they mess with their mask during the game.

Time limits: Upon receiving control of the ball, the team has ten seconds to throw the ball back to the opposing team.

Throwing: The ball must be underhand rolled or bowled on the floor rather than thrown. The ball must land before the overthrow line or a “High Ball” is called by the referee.

Coin toss to start: The winner of the coin toss will have the choice of either throwing or defending the ball first, or they may instead choose which end of the court they would like to start play in. The remaining choice will be decided by the other team.

Scoring: A point is scored when the goalball rolls past the defending team and into the goal.

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Court Dimensions

The court is a standard gymnasium volleyball court, which measures (9m wide x 18m long). There are two team areas at either end of the court, which measure (3m wide x 9mlong). Inside the team areas, there are player orientation marks consisting of two 1.5m wing lines and one 0.50m center line.  Tactile markings made by using string that is taped down to the floor (gaffer tape or some painter tape can work). IMPORTANT: You may want to use a non-stick tape underneath the duct tape to prevent it from ripping up any varnish or painted lines on the floor. Lines to be taped, are the entire team areas with the player’s orientation lines. The over throw lines, center line, and the outside lines of the neutral area only have to be taped if they don't exist on your volleyball court. These lines only have to be one layer thick because they are used primarily by the referees.

Figure 21 Diagram showing a goalball court. Near the goal at each end of the court are wings and center. Mid-court is the Center Line. Between the Center and Center Line is the Over Throw Line on each side of the court.

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Where to Order BallTarge International: http://www.targeinnovations.com/goalball-equipment/

USABAhttps://app.etapestry.com/cart/UnitedStatesAssociationofB/default/category.php?ref=451.0.372404251

Goalfix http://goalfixsports.com/3-goalball

Full rules of the game can be found at: http://usaba.org/files/uploads/14-17_IBSA_Goalball_Rules_and_Regulations_-_(140128_Version_1.0_.5)_.doc

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Notes:

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Texas School for the Blind & Visually Impaired

Outreach Programs

Figure 22 TSBVI logo

Figure 23 IDEAs that Work logo and US Dept. of Education OSEP disclaimer

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