Equine Management Options in an Urban/Suburban Setting Dr. Christine Skelly, Michigan State...
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![Page 1: Equine Management Options in an Urban/Suburban Setting Dr. Christine Skelly, Michigan State University and Dr. Betsy Greene, University of Vermont Sponsored.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062511/55147cea550346b0158b5601/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Equine Management Options in an Urban/Suburban Setting
Dr. Christine Skelly, Michigan State University and Dr. Betsy Greene, University of Vermont
Sponsored by the Michigan Horse Council And Michigan State University Extension
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Things have changed…
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Introduction• Environmental/Land Use Issues
– Turnout and Forage Requirements – Pasture Management– Hay Purchase– Manure Management– Land Access/Open Space– Sacrifice Lots
• Facility Risk Analysis• Current Hot Topics• Other Resources
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Turnout/Housing Options
• Housing outdoors– Respiratory– Exercise– Behavior
• Housing indoors– Behavioral & health
problems – Increased bedding
and time costs
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Forage Requirement
• Base for ration 1% of body weight or 50% total ration
• Long stem roughage best for gut motility
• Saliva production• Psychological need• Adult horse at light work
does fine on all forage diet
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Pasture Establishment
• What are your goals?– Exercise v. Nutrition
• Land Availability– Ideal stocking rate
• 1 horse/2 acres– Varies with
management and land/climate conditions
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Soil Testing
• Basis for pasture establishment and renovation
• Basis for manure management plan
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Weed Management• Getting a good stand is the
best weed prevention– Keep horses off of new
plants for 6 months– Frost seed
• Spot spray established grass/legume pastures
• Pasture Management– Mowing – not manicure!– Rotational grazing– Dragging– Stocking density– Sacrifice lots
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Clovers and Fescue
Tall Fescue and Endophyte James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service,
www.forestryimages.org Alsike White Red
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Toxic Plants
Red Maple (Acer rubrum)Black Locust
Hoary Alyssum
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Over Consumption
• A concern with both grasses and legumes
• Occurs in pastures with lush top growth--common in spring time
• Causes horses to founder/colic– A problem with easy keepers,
ponies
– Limit grazing of lush pastures
– Consider grazing muzzles
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Hay Quality Criteria:
• Type of forage• Stage of maturation• Cleanliness• Moisture Content
– Mold/heaves
• Foreign material/pests– Toxic plants– Blister beetles
• Storage conditions• Match nutritional quality with
nutritional requirements!
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Common Hay Species for Horses
• Legume – Alfalfa– Clover*
• Grass– Timothy– Orchard– Brome
• Mixed– Alfalfa X Grass
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Hay Nutrient Recommendations High Mod Low
Broodmare
(Late gest. & lact.)
W & YR
Heavy work
2 yr old
Mod work
Geriatric Light work & maintenance
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Forage Testing
• Base horse’s diets on forage – not grain!
• Only useful if buying large loads
• Good information for high performance or growing horses
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Buying Hay
• Try to purchase hay by the ton
• Examine several bales prior to purchase
• Do not talk about “horse hay”
• Try to purchase all hay from one source
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Overstocking on small acreageLong-term manure stockpiling
Manure Management
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Surface Water
Water Quality
Do you know what’s going
on around your wellhead?
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How much manure will 1 horse produce?
Manure volume for 1 horse per month:Manure volume for 1 horse per month:
1,000 lb horse = 50 lbs manure/day1,000 lb horse = 50 lbs manure/day
50 lbs manure X 30 d = 1500 lb/month50 lbs manure X 30 d = 1500 lb/month
(1 lb manure:0.3 lbs wood shavings)(1 lb manure:0.3 lbs wood shavings)
1500 lbs manure + 450 lbs shavings1500 lbs manure + 450 lbs shavings
= 1950 lbs feed stocks (manure + shavings) = 1950 lbs feed stocks (manure + shavings) ~ 1 Ton dirty bedding/month~ 1 Ton dirty bedding/month
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Manure Management Top 10 List1. Feed management
2. Production of manure
3. Collection
4. Storage
5. Treatment – Value added
6. Transfer
7. Utilization
8. Record keeping
9. Emergency plan
10. Periodic review
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Compost Management
• Time– Monitoring– Production
• Equipment– Monitoring– Production
• Patience
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Land application
means:
• Short-term stockpiling – Under roof or away from
waterways, downspouts, and low areas
• Utilization for fertilizer:– On your land– On someone else’s land Horse Manure
U-haul or I-haul
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Land Access• Urban Sprawl
– Unfriendly horse zoning• Neighbor complaints
– Manure
– Decreased trail access
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Sacrifice Areas
• Protect pastures– overgrazing– saturated– recuperation time– choice of “wasted” ground– High Traffic Area
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Size and Shape
• Depends on . . .– Land available– # of horses– lay of land– horse activity
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Sacrifice Considerations
• Mud control– high ground location– compost/hog fuel, gravel base for footing– Drain tile– Divert runoff away from area
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Greener Pastures
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Virtual Horse Facility Analysis Goals
• A self-guided analysis to help you fix potentialhazards at your barn before the accident happens.
• To provide a proactive, educational tool for people that work with or house horses.
• To alert barn owners and users to dangerous environments or procedures in equine facilities.
• To provide feasible alternatives when developing protocols to minimize liability and risk.
• To facilitate the understanding of potential liability issues that exist in any equine facility.
• To decrease exposure of equine enthusiasts to accident or injury through education.
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Entrances
• Perimeter fence• Gate
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Office
• Posted signs should direct all visitors to the office
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Location, location, location
• This mare and foal barn has no buffer between the barn entrance and the adjacent parking area.
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Stable Area
• Horses head should not have access outside of stall– Stall guards– Windows– Dutch doors
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Alley Ways
• Clutter can cause accidents
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Phone
• EASY Access • Emergency Numbers• Address and Directions
posted• You don’t know WHO will
be calling• visual landmarks• Caution emergency
vehicles with sirens that horses will be in the vicinity.
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Hazards
• The main electrical panel box should be in a dry, dust free area. The panel box should be weather proof.
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• Fire extinguishers within 50 - 75' of any location in your barn.
• Check with your local fire department for specific guidelines
• Extinguishers checked on an annual basis.
Fire Extinguishers
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Riding Arenas
• The arena - enclosed area with fence at least 3' 6" high.
• Surface suitable for the riding discipline and well maintained.
• Loose dogs should not be allowed in arena
• A startled horse is a liability problem.
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Warnings
• An electric fence sign warns people to stay away.
• The electric bolt is universal.
• A bilingual sign may be important.
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Hay Storage
• Hay storage can pose a fire hazard
• Hay should be kept in a separate area
• Hay stored overhead may limit barn ventilation.
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Equipment Storage
• Equipment should be stored away from horse activity.
• Equipment usage should be scheduled during non-riding times.
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Liability Signs
• Check with your state's Equine Activity Statutes.
• Notices and Contracts• Notices must contain
the exact words required by your state's statute.
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Hot Topics and Resources
• Unwanted Horse
• NAIS
• Resources– eXtension– Extension Bulletins– American Horse Council and State Councils– American Association of Equine Practitioners– Farm Bureau