EPSCoR Water Dynamics Workshop Highlights from the Northeast and Appalachian States
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Transcript of EPSCoR Water Dynamics Workshop Highlights from the Northeast and Appalachian States
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EPSCoR Water Dynamics Workshop
Highlights from the Northeast and Appalachian States
Michelle DaleyResearch Scientist, University of New Hampshire
Associate Director, NH Water Resources Research Center
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Percent Change in Total Population 2000 to 2030 by Northern New England
County
Urbanization/Suburbanization and Climate Change
USGS Fact Sheet FS 2005-3001
2000 to 2030 Timing of Spring Runoff in Maine
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• New England is a water rich area and yet we still face issues with water supply
• In stream flow rules to protect aquatic and terrestrial biota and human use
Example Issues….• Local cross basin transfers• Global cross basin transfers – water bottling plants• Unregulated private well withdrawals• Artificial aquifer recharge
Urbanization/Suburbanization and Water Quantity
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0.1 1 10
Cl (
mg/
L)
1
10
100
1000
r ² = 0.76; p<0.01
Chronic Toxicity
Southeast NHCentral NH
km Road km-2
Urbanization/Suburbanization and Water Quality: Road Salt Impacts on Stream Salinization
Photo Credit: New Hampshire Department of Transportation Data from NH WRRC
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Suburbanization and Water Quality: Coastal Nitrogen Flux Driven by Population Density
Sub-basins of the Lamprey River Hydrologic Observatory
People km-2
10 100
NO
3-N k
g ha
-1 y
r-1
0.01
0.1
1
10
r ² = 0.66; p<0.01
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What controls long-term N Balance? Nitrogen Inputs and Outputs from the LRHO (2005)
Total N Output2.4 kg N ha-1 yr-1
Total N Retention84% (or 13.0 kg N ha-1 yr-1)
Stored or lost to atmosphere?
FoodFertilizer
Rain and dry deposition
Total N Input15.4 kg N ha-1 yr-1
3.11.8
10.5
0.82 kg DIN ha-1 yr-1 (5 % of N Inputs)
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Lake Champlain – Lake Champlain – A Truly Great Lake . . . .A Truly Great Lake . . . .
Images courtesy of Mary Watzin, University of Vermont
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With Some Challenges – Phosphorus PollutionWith Some Challenges – Phosphorus PollutionToxic Cyanobacteria Blooms in a Northern BayToxic Cyanobacteria Blooms in a Northern Bay
Images courtesy of Mary Watzin, University of Vermont
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Suburban Stormwater Management in Vermont
• How sensitive are streams to stormwater stressors?
• Are streams that are structurally impaired also functionally impaired?
• How can scientific knowledge be used to manage stormwater discharge to Vermont’s streams?
• How long will it take for streams recover from stormwater impairment?
Research questions courtesy of Breck Bowden, UVM
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Climate Change
People km-2
10 100
NO
3-N
kg
ha-1
yr
-1
0.01
0.1
1
10
?
km Road km-20.1 1 10
Cl (
mg/
L)
1
10
100
1000 ?
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Future Challenges in the Northeast• Impacts of climate change layered with
suburbanization• Arsenic (interactions with other constituents)• Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products
(PPCPs)• Groundwater water rights • Better interactions with society and policy
makers
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Ohio Riverwestern WV
Challenges for the Appalachian States –WV, KY, TNChallenges for the Appalachian States –WV, KY, TN
• Large river systemsLarge river systems- - Ohio, Mississippi, Tennessee, Cumberland, and KentuckyOhio, Mississippi, Tennessee, Cumberland, and Kentucky
• Coal-Fired Power PlantsCoal-Fired Power Plants- CO- CO22 production, metal deposition, thermal effluents production, metal deposition, thermal effluents
• Coal Mining Coal Mining - acid mine drainage, sedimentation, metals- acid mine drainage, sedimentation, metals
• TransportationTransportation- habitat alteration, dredging, invasive species- habitat alteration, dredging, invasive species
Slide courtesy of Charles Somerville, WV