EPHROLOGY NURSING EXAM QUESTIONSQuestion 1. Compare the dietary interventions for acute glomerulonephritis and nephrosis.Answer:  AGN: low-sodium diet with no added salt. Nephrosis: high-protein, low-salt diet.

Question 2. What antecedent event occurs with acute glomerulonephritis?Answer:  Beta-hemolytic strep infection

Question 3. Compare the signs and symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) with nephrosis.Answer: AGN: gross hematuria, recent strep infection, hypertension, and mild edema. Nephrosis: severe edema, massive proteinuria, frothy-appearing urine, anorexia.

Question 4. What is the physiologic reason for the lab finding of hypoproteinemia in nephrosis?Answer:  Hypoproteinemia occurs because the glomeruli are permeable to serum proteins.

Question 5. What are the priorities for a client with Wilms’ tumor?Answer: Protect the child from injury to the encapsulated tumor. Prepare the family/child for surgery.Question 6. What interventions can be taught to prevent urinary tract infections in children?Answer: Avoid bubble baths, void frequently; drink adequate fluids especially acidic fluids such as apple or cranberry juice, and clean genital area from front to back.

Question 7. Describe the pathophysiology of vesicoureteral reflux.Answer: a malfunction of the valves at the end of the ureters allowing urine to reflux out of the bladder into the ureters and possibly the kidneys.

Question 8. Describe safe monitoring of prednisone administration and withdrawal.Answer:  Long term prednisone should be given every other day. Signs of edema, mood changes, and GI distress should be noted and reported. The drug should be tapered, not discontinued suddenly.

Question 9. Explain why hypospadias correction is done before the child reaches preschool age.Answer: Preschoolers fear castration, are achieving sexual identity, and acquiring independent toileting skills.

EPHROLOGY KEPERAWATAN UJIAN PERTANYAAN

Pertanyaan 1. Bandingkan intervensi diet untuk glomerulonefritis akut dan nephrosis.

Jawaban: AGN: diet rendah natrium tanpa garam ditambahkan. Nephrosis: tinggi protein, diet rendah garam.

Pertanyaan 2. Apa acara yg terjadi dengan glomerulonefritis akut?

Infeksi strep Beta-hemolitik: Jawaban

Pertanyaan 3. Bandingkan tanda-tanda dan gejala glomerulonefritis akut (AGN) dengan nephrosis.

Jawaban: AGN: hematuria gross, infeksi strep baru-baru ini, hipertensi, dan edema ringan. Nephrosis: edema berat, proteinuria masif, berbusa-muncul urin, anoreksia.

Pertanyaan 4. Apa alasan fisiologis untuk temuan laboratorium dari hypoproteinemia di nephrosis?

Jawaban: Hypoproteinemia terjadi karena glomeruli yang permeabel terhadap protein serum.

Pertanyaan 5. Apa prioritas untuk klien dengan tumor Wilms '?

Jawaban: Melindungi anak dari cedera pada tumor dienkapsulasi. Siapkan keluarga / anak untuk operasi.

Pertanyaan 6. intervensi Apa yang dapat diajarkan untuk mencegah infeksi saluran kemih pada anak-anak?

Jawaban: Hindari mandi gelembung, membatalkan sering; minum cairan yang cukup cairan terutama asam seperti apel atau jus cranberry, dan area genital bersih dari depan ke belakang.

Pertanyaan 7. Jelaskan patofisiologi vesicoureteral refluks.

Jawaban: kerusakan katup di ujung ureter yang memungkinkan urin untuk refluks dari kandung kemih ke ureter dan mungkin ginjal.

Pertanyaan 8. Jelaskan monitoring aman administrasi prednison dan penarikan.

Jawaban: prednison jangka panjang harus diberikan setiap hari. Tanda-tanda edema, perubahan mood, dan GI distress harus dicatat dan dilaporkan. Obat harus meruncing, tidak dihentikan tiba-tiba.

Pertanyaan 9. Jelaskan mengapa koreksi hipospadia dilakukan sebelum anak mencapai usia prasekolah.

Jawaban: Anak-anak prasekolah takut pengebirian, yang mencapai identitas seksual, dan memperoleh keterampilan ke toilet independen.