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Generation Date: 11/19/2013 Generated By: Wendy White1. Margie and her class are doing an experiment. They first fill a large jar with hot water and a small jar with cold water. Then, they add red food coloring to the small jar of cold water and cover the jar with foil. A hole is poked in the foil, and the small jar is turned over and placed on top of the large jar. The cold, red-colored water slowly flows through the hole from the small jar to the large jar.

Which of the following will likely occur as the cold red-colored water mixes with the hot water?

A. The red-colored water will sink at first, then slowly spread through the large jar.

B. The red-colored water will instantly spread through the large jar.

C. The red-colored water will spread through the large jar quickly, then sink to the bottom.

D.

The red-colored water will stay at the top of the large jar.

2. The Earth receives electromagnetic energy from the Sun.

How does the electromagnetic energy from the Sun travel through empty space to reach the Earth? A. by radiation

B. by convection

C. by evaporation

D. by conduction

3. Tony wants to figure out which materials conduct heat better than others. To do this, he fills cups that are made out of different materials with equal amounts of ice water. He then keeps track of how much time it takes the ice to completely melt in each cup. His results are below.

Time for Ice to Melt

Cup Material Time to Melt

plastic 32 minutes

glass 21 minutes

aluminum 15 minutes

foam 38 minutes

Which material was the best conductor of heat? A. glass

B. foam

C. aluminum

D. plastic

4. If a substance conducts heat easily, it is considered to be a

A. bad substance.

B. poor conductor.

C. good conductor.

D. good insulator.

5. Imagine that you are baking brownies for a bake sale at school.

Which of the following pans is least likely to cause you to burn the bottoms of your brownies?

A. a copper pan

B. a glass pan

C. a cast iron pan

D. an aluminum pan

6. Which of the following is an example of heat being transferred by radiation?

A. an electric heater warming a room

B. the Sun heating the Earth

C. a fire warming a group of campers

D. all of these

7. Radiation occurs when heat is transferred

A. through solid particles.

B. through liquid particles.

C. through space.

D. by the direct contact of two objects.

8. Vivian poured some water into a bottle. She placed the bottle into the freezer until the water became ice. What property change did the water go through?

A. The water changed from hard to soft.

B. The water changed from big to small.

C. The water changed from a liquid to a solid.

D. The water changed from clear to white.

9. Josiah is going to have a cup of hot cocoa. If he wants the cocoa to stay warm as long as possible, which type of cup should he put his hot cocoa in?

A. an iron cup

B. a foam cup

C. a glass cup

D. an aluminum cup

10. At room temperature, good conductors of heat usually feel cool to the touch. This is because they conduct heat so quickly, that when a finger touches them, the heat from the person's finger is immediately conducted away.

From this information, which of these materials is probably the best conductor of heat?

A. plastic

B. cotton

C. glass

D. wood

11. Which of the following is the best example of heat being transferred from one object to another by direct contact?

A. The coldest air in the supermarket is in the aisle where the frozen foods are kept.

B. A drink can be cooled off by dropping ice cubes into it.

C. A fire in a fireplace warms the entire room.

D. Sunlight feels warmest when it falls directly on a person's skin.

12. What happens when a body of cold air approaches a body of warm air?

A. The warm air rises.

B. The warm and cold air mix immediately.

C. The warm and cold air both disappear.

D. The cold air rises.

13. Which of the following is an example of heat being transferred by conduction?

A. a pot on a hot stove

B. a car sitting in the sun

C. a cup warming in the microwave

D. a pan baking in the oven

14. Cody notices that if he stirs his hot oatmeal quickly, two things happen:● Much more steam rises from his oatmeal than when he does not stir it.

● His oatmeal cools off much more quickly than when he does not stir it.What happens to the heat energy of Cody's oatmeal when he stirs it that makes it lose heat more quickly?

A. The stirring motion creates friction in the oatmeal that adds heat energy to the oatmeal.

B.The spoon is a conductor of heat that moves most of the heat of the oatmeal away from the oatmeal.

C. The heat energy of his oatmeal changes into the energy of motion of his moving oatmeal.

D. Stirring it releases steam, which transfers heat from his oatmeal to the air.

15. Bianca is sitting in front of the fireplace.

Bianca feels heat coming from the fireplace, even though she is not touching it. This is because the heat from the fireplace is being transferred by _______. A. radiation

B. evaporation

C. convection

D. conduction

16. Warm air and water both tend to rise while cooler air and water sink. When different parts of the oceans are heated unevenly, this causes the water to

A. move in convection currents.

B. stay in the same place.

C. mix together in the water cycle.

D. form a tsunami.

17. Nate has four hot plates. Each hot plate is set at a different temperature.

Nate also has four identical pieces of ice. He puts one piece of ice on each hot plate. Which of the following is true?

A. The ice will not melt on any of the hot plates.

B. The ice will melt the slowest on hot plate 3.

C. The ice will melt the fastest on hot plate 2.

D. The ice will melt at the same rate on all of the hot plates.

18. Johnny has been sitting on the rock at point X near the campfire, shown below. The fire produces heat energy.

What will happen if he moves to point Z? A. He will feel colder.

B. He will feel warmer.

C. The temperature will not change.

D. He will be more likely to get burned.

19. Through which of the following ways can heat be transferred?

A. only by indirect contact between objects at different temperatures

B. by direct or indirect contact between objects at different temperatures

C.

Heat can never be transferred between objects.

D.

only by direct contact between objects at different temperatures

20.

The picture above shows a frying pan. Why are frying pans usually made out of metal?

A. because metal is a good conductor of electricity

B. because metal is a good conductor of heat

C.

because metal is a poor conductor of electricity

D.

because metal is a poor conductor of heat

21. At 0°C, frozen water (ice) changes to liquid water. When an ice cube is placed on something that is warmer than it, heat will move from the warmer substance to the water until

A. both objects are the same temperature.

B. the ice reaches 0°C.

C. the warmer substance cools to 0°C.

D. the ice melts.

22. Which of the following substances is a good conductor of heat?

A. glass

B. metal

C. plastic

D. wood

23. If a metal spoon is placed in a cup of hot water, the spoon will

A. get cold.

B. stay the same temperature.

C. melt.

D. get hot.

24. Pauline is going on a picnic, and is bringing some sandwiches. She wants to keep the sandwiches cold for as long as possible by putting them in a cooler.

Which of these would be the best material for Pauline's cooler to be made of?

A. plastic

B. aluminum

C. glass

D. iron

25. Cynthia gets two glasses of cold water. She sets both glasses down. She sets one in the sunlight. The second she sets in the shade.

As the glasses of water sit, what will happen to the temperature of the water? A. The water in each glass will get warmer until it boils.

B. The water will get warmer. The glass in the sun will be warmer than the glass in the shade.

C. The water in both glasses will stay cold.

D.The water in the glass in the shade will get cooler. The water in the glass in the sun will get warmer.

26. Jasmine has toast for breakfast every day. As soon as the toast pops out of the toaster, she puts butter on it. If she does it quickly, she can spread the butter over the toast with her knife, and it melts into the toast.

Why does the butter melt?

A.

because heat from the hot knife moves into the cool butter

B. because the pressure of her knife softens the butter

C. because heat from Jasmine's hand moves into the cool butter

D. because heat from the hot toast moves into the cool butter

27. The picture shows how adding heat or taking heat away causes matter to change state.

What is it called when a solid is formed by removing heat from a liquid? A. freezing

B. melting

C. evaporation

D. condensation

28. On a summer afternoon, the sand on the beach can get very hot. When you step on the sand in bare feet, you can burn yourself.

Which of the following sentences best describes how this happens?

A.Heat from the Sun is transferred to the sand by direct contact. This heat is then transferred to your feet without direct contact.

B.Heat from the Sun is transferred to the sand by direct contact. This heat is then transferred to your feet by direct contact.

C.Heat from the Sun is transferred to the sand without direct contact. This heat is then transferred to your feet by direct contact.

D.Heat from the Sun is transferred to the sand without direct contact. This heat is then transferred to your feet without direct contact.

29. The picture shows how adding heat or taking heat away causes matter to change state.

A gas forms when enough heat is added to _______  a liquid. A. boil

B. melt

C. condense

D. freeze

30. Brittany placed a cold piece of butter on a hot ear of corn. The butter began to melt.

The butter melted when it came into contact with the corn because heat was transferred from the corn to the butter by _______. A. conduction

B. convection

C. evaporation

D. radiation

Answers1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A

30. A

Explanations1. Cold water is more dense than hot water, so it will sink at first. However, as the water warms up, it will spread throughout the large jar, in a process known as convection. This process occurs when heat energy moves from warm substances to cool substances.2. Radiation occurs when heat is transferred through empty space. The Earth receives electromagnetic energy from the Sun by radiation. This energy is very important for many processes on Earth, including the production of food by green plants.3. The aluminum cup conducted heat the best.

Some materials conduct heat better than others. Materials that conduct heat very well are bad at keeping other objects hot or cold. Since aluminum is a good conductor of heat, the heat in the air around the cup of ice water very quickly went through the aluminum cup and into the water. This caused the ice to melt the fastest in the aluminum cup.4. Substances that conduct heat easily are considered to be good conductors. Substances that do not conduct heat easily are considered to be good insulators.5. Brownies are usually baked in convection ovens. Convection ovens cook food indirectly by warming the air around the food. It is actually the warm air that cooks the food rather than any direct contact between the oven and the food. However, the cooking pan is still in contact with the oven rack.

If a pan is made of metal (e.g. aluminum, cast iron, copper), as the pan heats, heat can be transferred to the parts of the food that are touching the pan (i.e. the bottom of the brownies). If, however, a pan is made out of glass (not as good of a conductor of heat), the brownies will cook due to the warm air in the oven, but the bottoms will not burn.6. All of the answer choices give examples of heat being transferred by radiation:

● an electric heater warming a room● a fire warming a group of campers● the Sun heating the Earth

When heat is transferred through radiation, it is transferred through space.7. Radiation occurs when heat is transferred through space. Conduction occurs when heat is transferred by the direct contact of two objects. Convection occurs in liquids and gases as molecules move in currents.8. When water is frozen, it changes from a liquid to a solid. To change liquid water into a gas, you should heat it until it vaporizes.9. Josiah should use the foam cup.

Some materials conduct heat better than others. Materials that conduct heat poorly are very useful for trapping heat, or keeping objects warmer than their surroundings. Foam is a very poor heat conductor, so it would be a very good choice for keeping hot cocoa warm.

10. Glass is a good conductor of heat.

At room temperature, glass usually feels cool to the touch. This is because it takes heat away from a person's hand very quickly when it is touched. Cotton, wood, and plastic do not usually feel cool to the touch. This is because they do not take heat away from a person's hand very well, and they are poor conductors of heat.11. When ice cubes are dropped into a drink, the ice cubes are in direct contact with the drink. This lets the drink transfer heat directly into the ice cube, which cools off the drink.12. Cold fluid (liquid or gas) is more dense than warm fluid, so warm air rises. The meeting of a cold air mass and a warm air mass plays a part in the formation of a thunderstorm.13. In order for heat to be transferred by conduction, one substance must be in direct contact with another substance. Since a pot is in direct contact with a hot stove, heat can be transferred by conduction.

A pan baking in the oven, a cup warming in the microwave, and a car sitting in the sun all gain heat through the processes of convection or radiation.14. Stirring the oatmeal keeps bringing the hot oatmeal from the middle up to the top. This releases steam, which transfers heat from his oatmeal to the air. Since more steam is leaving the oatmeal, it is carrying more heat away from the oatmeal, and the oatmeal cools down faster.15. Radiation occurs when heat is transferred through empty space. The heat from a fireplace is transferred through the space around it by radiation. This is why Bianca can feel the heat from the fireplace, even though she is not touching it.16. The rising of warm water and the sinking of cool water cause currents to form in the ocean. Currents that are caused by heat are convection currents.

The heat from the Sun is one cause of the ocean currents that move around the world.17. Some changes occur faster at higher temperatures. For example, ice melts faster when the temperature is higher. Therefore, the ice will melt the fastest on hot plate 2 because it is at the highest temperature.

Other changes that occur faster at higher temperatures include evaporation, dissolving, and decay.18. If Johnny moves farther from the fire, less of the heat energy from the fire will reach him, so he will feel colder.19. There are three main forms of heat transfer:

● Conduction involves the transfer of heat by the direct contact of a warm object with a cooler object.

● Convection involves the transfer of heat in liquids and gases as molecules move in currents.

● Radiation involves the transfer of heat through space.Both convection and radiation transfer heat without the objects being in direct contact with one another.

Heat, therefore, can be transferred by direct or indirect contact between objects at different temperatures.20. Metal frying pans are very good conductors of heat.

Frying pans are usually made out of metal because metal can quickly conduct heat from a stove's burner to the food in the frying pan. This makes it useful for cooking.21. If ice is placed on something warm, first the ice will warm up to 0°C while cooling down the other item. Then, the ice will melt, still cooling down the other item. Finally, the liquid water will continue to warm and the other item will continue to cool until both objects are the same temperature.22. Since heat is easily transferred through metal, metal is a good conductor of heat. Plastic, wood and glass are all poor conductors of heat. Since they do not conduct heat easily, they are known as insulators.23. If a metal spoon is placed in a cup of hot water, the spoon will get hot. Since the hot water is directly touching the spoon, heat is transferred from the hot water to the metal spoon by the process of conduction.24. Pauline should bring a cooler that is made of plastic.

Some materials conduct heat better than others. Materials that conduct heat poorly are very useful for trapping heat or trapping cold. Metals and glass tend to conduct heat well. So a cooler made out of these materials would quickly be warmed by the surrounding air. A cooler made out of plastic, which conducts heat poorly, would keep the heat from outside the cooler from reaching the sandwiches for a long time.25. If the water starts off colder than the room, then heat energy from the room will move into the water. As heat energy moves into it, the water will get warmer. The water in the glass in the sun will be warmer than the water in the glass in the shade because the sunlight has energy in it. This energy can be changed to heat when it hits something. This is why sunlight feels warm on your skin.26. Butter does not melt when a person tries to spread it on cool or room-temperature bread. Butter only melts when it is put on hot toast. This means that it melts because heat from the hot toast moves into the cool butter.27. Physical changes in the states of matter can be caused by heating and cooling.

For example, when heat is removed from a liquid, a solid forms through freezing.

Water freezes and forms ice at 32°F or 0°C. Unlike other substances, water expands as it freezes.28. Since the Sun is not actually touching the sand, heat from the Sun is transferred to the sand without direct contact. When you step on the sand, your feet are touching it, so heat is transferred to your feet by direct contact.29. Physical changes in the states of matter can be caused by heating and cooling.

For example, a gas forms when enough heat is added to boil a liquid. Boiling only happens above a certain temperature. For water, the boiling temperature is 212°F or 100°C.

30. Conduction occurs when heat is transferred by the direct contact of two objects. When Brittany placed the cold butter on the hot ear of corn, the objects were in direct contact. The hot corn transferred heat to the cold butter, and the butter began to melt. This means that the corn transferred heat to the butter by conduction.