Environmental Report for 2010Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) iii • The...
Transcript of Environmental Report for 2010Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) iii • The...
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SRNS–STI–2011–00059
Savannah River Site
Environmental Report for 2010
Editor Project Manager Technical Consultant
Albert R. Mamatey Jana D. Ackerman Timothy Jannik
Prepared bySavannah River Nuclear Solutions, LLCSavannah River SiteAiken, SC 29808
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) iii
• Theeditoracknowledgeswithdeepappreciationtheeffortsofthefollowingindividuals,who(inadditiontothechapterauthors,contributors,andcompilers)conductedreviewsfor—and/orprovidedvaluableresources,information,ortechnicaldatato—theSavannah River Site Environmental Report for 2010:
ClemsonUniversityEnvironmentalEngineering/EarthSciencesDepartmentTechnicalReviewers
Dr.TimothyA.DeVol–ProfessorDr.RobertA.Fjeld–ProfessorEmeritusDr.FredJ.Moltz,III–ResearchProfessor/DistinguishedScientistEmeritusDr.ThomasJ.Overcamp–Professor
• Listedbelowarethosewhoprovidedexpertpublicationssupport:
KayeAtkins LisaMcCullough SheilaRuff EleanorJustice KandiMulligan JoanToole
• AspecialthankstoGailWhitneyforcoordinatingtheDOE–SRreviewandapprovalprocess,whichrequiresdedicationandsupportfrombothDOE–SRandSRNS:
AmyCaver DavidHoel SherrySouthern KevinSchmidt(DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)
DeborahCaver GaryHoover DanCampbell (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)
AndrewGrainger MaatsiNdingwan TomCoughenour (DOE–SR) (DOE–SR) (SRNS)
• ThankstoRachelBaker,RoyBlackwell,JeffBussey,ChuckHarvel,MichaelKennedy,RogerNeal,RobertSeremak,DavidSharpe,JamesTussey,andRayWilcauskasforprovidingcomputerhardwareandsoftwaresupport.
• MarvinStewartisacknowledgedwithappreciationforprovidingInternetexpertiseandcomputersoftwaresupport.
Acknowledgements
AngelaBenfieldDeanCampbellTiajuanaCochnauerBrianCulliganJoeDixonMeganElliottChuckHunterSheroldJohnsonRickKelleySteveKing
LarryKoffmanWaltKubiliusDavidLeeLindaLeePatriciaLeeMaryBethLloydSherrodMaxwellCarlMazzolaJ.VaunMcArthurKenMcLeod
TedMotykaLindaNassRossNatoliEricNelsonLisaOliverScottRayNatalieLopezJeffRossRebeccaSchefflerDonStevenson
MichaelTheiszmannJeffThibaultRobTurnerRobinUtseyJulieWilsonDavidWolfeDavidYannitellLindaYoumans-McDonald
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iv Savannah River Site
Acknowledgements
BrendaAlejoPerryAllenRobBackerPhilBakerJackieBanksSammieBaughmanMaryBerryConnieBlackStacieBrittNancyBrownMikeBurroughsWillCallicottKimCauthenJoyChapmanSharonChapmanBeckyChavousKenCheeksVanessaCoferGeneCookeRoslynCooke
SharonCrawfordJanetCurtisKarlDamonLibbyDanielowichDarylDomanDaleDukeWilevaDunbarJasonDurdenRossFanningRichardFarrMaryFloraLymanFogleRodneyGanttLisaGillespieBrendaGoffCalvinHamiltonTimHartleyJackHerringtonMinnieHightowerMikeHughes
DavidHugheyJeannetteHyattRosaJacksonKevinKostelnikBillLewisCherylLewisKellyLingBillMackyPhillipMarshallOwenMasonJanetMcClearenTonyMeltonAmyMeyerGraceMillerKenMishoeDavidPalmerKarenPalmerWaynePippenChristinePoseyThomasinaRobinson
DavidRobertsJackieRourkDennisRyanEloySaldivarPatrickShawDebraSheaAllanSikesMarkSpiresJimStaffordFredStanlandDavidStevensDanStewartBeckySturdivantMarisaTrahanJohnVaughnRobinWainwrightMtesaWrightTommyYoung
• Gratitudeisexpressedtothefollowingformanagement,administrative,field,andothersupport:
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) v
TheSavannah River Site Environmental Reportfor2010(SRNS–STI–2011–00059)isanoverviewofeffluentmonitoringandenvironmentalsurveillanceactivitiesconductedonandinthevicinityofSRSfromJanuary1throughDecember31,2010—includingthesite’sperformanceagainstapplicablestandardsandrequirements.DetailsareprovidedonmajorprogramssuchastheEnvironmentalManagementSystem(EMS)andpermitcompliance.Informationforthe2010reportwascompiledandpreparedbytheRegulatoryIntegration&EnvironmentalServicesDepartmentofSavannahRiverNuclearSolutionsLLC(SRNS),thesite’sM&Ocontractor.The“EnvironmentalMonitoringProgramManagementPlan”[SRSEMPlan,2010]documents(1)therationaleandobjectivesforthemonitoringprogram,(2)thefrequencyofmonitoringandanalysis,(3)thevarioussamplinglocations,and(4)thespecificanalyticalandsamplingprotocolsused.The“EnvironmentalMonitoringQualityAssuranceProjectPlan”[SRSEMQAPlan,2010]describestheassociatedqualityassurancerequirements.
CompletedatatablesareincludedontheCDinsidethebackcoverofthisreport.TheCDalsofeatures(1)anelectronicversionofthereport;(2)anappendixofsite,environmentalsamplinglocation,dose,andgroundwatermaps;and(3)annual(2010)reportsfromanumberofotherSRSorganizations.ThedatatablesgenerallyarepresentedasunformattedExcelspreadsheets;theyarenotintendedtobeprinted.However,ifprintingisdesired,theusercanmodifythe“PageSetup”parametersinExcelasneeded.Ifprintingofthe“SRSMaps”ontheCDisdesired,itisrecommended(toensureclarity)thatfigures1–25beprinted8.5x11inches,figures26–31beprinted36x32inches,and
figures32–34beprinted34x33inches.
Thefollowinginformationshouldaidthereaderininterpretingdatainthisreport:• Variationsinenvironmentalreportdatareflect
year-to-yearchangesintheroutinemonitoringprogram,aswellasoccasionaldifficultiesinsamplecollectionoranalysis.Examplesofsuchdifficultiesincludeadverseenvironmentalconditions(suchasfloodingordrought),samplingoranalyticalequip-mentmalfunctions,samplehandlingandtrans-portationissues,compromiseofthesamplesinthepreparationlaboratoriesorcountingroom.
• Tableheadingabbreviationsmayincludethefollow-ing:(1)“N”isnumberofobservations;(2)“Sample-Con”issampleconcentration;(3)“SampleStd”isstandarddeviation;and(4)“Sig”issignificance,with“Yes”meaningdetectableand“No”meaninglessthantheanalyticalmethoddetectionlimit.
• Analyticalresultsandtheircorrespondinguncer-taintytermsgenerallyarereportedwithuptothreesignificantfigures.Thisisafunctionofthecomput-ersoftwareusedandmayimplygreateraccuracyinthereportedresultsthantheanalyseswouldallow.
• Unitsofmeasureandtheirabbreviationsaredefinedintheglossary(beginningonpageG-1)andinchartsatthebackofthereport.Thereportedun-certaintyofasinglemeasurementreflectsonlythecountingerror—notothercomponentsofrandomandsystematicerrorinthemeasurementprocess—sosomeresultsmayimplyagreaterconfidencethanthedeterminationwouldsuggest.
• Anuncertaintyquotedwithameanvaluerepre-sentsthestandarddeviationofthemeanvalue.This
To Our Readers
SRS has had an extensive environmental monitoring program in place since 1951 (before site startup). In the 1950s, data generated by the onsite environmental monitoring program were reported in site documents. Beginning in 1959, data from offsite environmental surveillance activities were presented in reports issued for public dissemination. SRS reported onsite and offsite environmental monitoring activities separately until 1985, when data from both programs were merged into one public document.
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To Our Readers
numberiscalculatedfromtheuncertaintiesoftheindividualresults.Foranunweightedmeanvalue,theuncertaintyisthesumofthevariancesfortheindividualvaluesdividedbythenumberofindivid-ualresultssquared.Foraweightedmeanvalue,theuncertaintyisthesumoftheweightedvariancesfortheindividualvaluesdividedbythesquareofthesumoftheweights.
• Allvaluesrepresenttheweightedaverageofallacceptableanalysesofasampleforaparticularanalyte.Samplesmayhaveundergonemultiple
analysesforqualityassurancepurposesortodetermineifradionuclidesarepresent.Forcertainradionuclides,quantifiableconcentrationsmaybebelowtheminimumdetectableactivityoftheanaly-sis,inwhichcasetheactualconcentrationvalueispresentedtosatisfyDOEreportingguidelines.
• Thegenericterm“dose,”asusedinthereport,referstothecommittedeffectivedose(50-yearcom-mitteddose)frominternaldepositionofradionu-clidesandtotheeffectivedoseattributabletobeta/gammaradiationfromsourcesexternaltothebody.
Report Available on Web ReaderscanfindtheSRS Environmental ReportontheWorldWideWebatthefollowingaddress:
http://www.srs.gov/general/pubs/ERsum/index.html.
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) vii
List of Figures .................................................................................................................... ix
List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... xi
Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................... xiii
Sampling Location Information ..................................................................................... xvii
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ xix
Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................1-1
Missions ................................................................................................................. 1-1
Site Location, Demographics and Environment ..................................................... 1-1
Primary Site Activities ............................................................................................ 1-3
Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .........................................................2-1
SRS EMS Implementation ..................................................................................... 2-1
Chapter 3 Environmental Compliance ........................................................................3-1
Compliance Status ................................................................................................. 3-1
Other Environmental Issues/Actions .................................................................... 3-16
Continuous-Release Reporting ............................................................................ 3-19
Unplanned Releases ............................................................................................ 3-19
Permits ................................................................................................................. 3-19
Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring .....................................................................................4-1
Radiological Monitoring ......................................................................................... 4-1
Nonradiological Monitoring .................................................................................... 4-4
Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .......................................................................5-1
Radiological Surveillance ....................................................................................... 5-1
Nonradiological Surveillance ................................................................................ 5-18
Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..........................................................................6-1
Calculating Dose .................................................................................................... 6-1
Dose Calculation Results ....................................................................................... 6-3
Chapter 7 Groundwater ................................................................................................7-1
Groundwater at SRS .............................................................................................. 7-1
Groundwater Protection Program at SRS .............................................................. 7-4
Contents
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Contents
Chapter 8 Quality Assurance .......................................................................................8-1
Environmental QA Program Integration ................................................................. 8-1
Program Samples .................................................................................................. 8-1
Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ........................... A-1
Air Effluent Discharges ..........................................................................................A-1
(Process) Liquid Effluent Discharges .....................................................................A-2
Site Streams ..........................................................................................................A-4
Savannah River ......................................................................................................A-4
Drinking Water .......................................................................................................A-4
Groundwater ..........................................................................................................A-4
Potential Doses ......................................................................................................A-6
Environmental Management ..................................................................................A-8
Quality Assurance/Quality Control .........................................................................A-8
Reporting ...............................................................................................................A-9
Appendix B Radionuclide and Chemical Nomenclature .......................................... B-1
Appendix C Errata ........................................................................................................ C-1
Glossary ..........................................................................................................................G-1
References ...................................................................................................................... R-1
Reports for 2010 Contained on Accompanying CD
SRS Environmental Report
SRS Environmental Data/Maps
Area Completion Projects
Liquid Waste Operations
Solid Waste Management
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
Savannah River National Laboratory Environmental Dose Assessment Manual
USDA Forest Service – Savannah River
SRS Environmental Management System Description Manual
SRS Environmental Policy – FY 2011
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) ix
Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 1-1
Figure 1–1 The Savannah River Site .................................................................. 1-2
Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .................................................... 2-1
Figure 2–1 Environmental Management System Integration.............................. 2-2
Figure 2–2 DOE–SR Energy Reduction Performance ........................................ 2-9
Figure 2–3 Domestic/Process Water Reduction Performance ........................... 2-9
Figure 2–4 Increased E85 Usage at SRS .......................................................... 2-9
Figure 2–5 SRS Gasoline Reduction Performance .......................................... 2-10
Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring ................................................................................ 4-1
Figure 4–1 Ten-Year History of SRS Annual Atmospheric Tritium Releases ...... 4-2
Figure 4–2 Ten-Year History of Direct Releases of Tritium to SRS Streams ...... 4-4
Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .................................................................. 5-1
Figure 5–1 Gross Beta-In-Air Concentrations Measured in Glass Fiber Filters
for 15 Locations, 2010 ...................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5–2 Ambient/Atmospheric Tritium-In-Air Concentrations (pCi/m3),
2006–2010 ....................................................................................... 5-5
Figure 5–3 Average Tritium-in-Rainwater Concentrations, 2006–2010 .............. 5-6
Figure 5–4 Five-Year Trend of Ambient Annual Average and Maximum
Gamma Exposure Levels (in mrem) ................................................. 5-7
Figure 5–5 Estimated Tritium Migration from SRS Seepage Basins and
SWDF to Site Streams, 2001–2010 ................................................. 5-9
Figure 5–6 SRS Tritium Transport Summary, 1960–2010 ................................ 5-11
Figure 5–7 Maximum Cesium-137 Concentrations in Wildlife Field and
Lab Measurements (pCi/g), 2006–2010 ......................................... 5-14
Figure 5–8 Average Cesium-137 Concentrations in Deer and Hogs (pCi/g),
2006–2010 ..................................................................................... 5-15
List of Figures
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List of Figures
Figure 5–9 Three-Year Trend Chart of Cesium-137 Concentrations in Soil
(pCi/kg) ........................................................................................... 5-19
Figure 5–10 Three-Year Trend Chart of Cesium-137 Concentrations in Vegetation
(pCi/kg) ........................................................................................... 5-20
Figure 5–11 Creek Plantation Ambient Gamma Exposure Rates for
10 Transects .................................................................................. 5-21
Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..................................................................... 6-1
Figure 6–1 Ten-Year History of SRS Maximum Potential All-Pathway Doses .... 6-8
Figure 6–2 Ten-Year History of SRS Creek-Mouth Fisherman’s Doses ........... 6-12
Chapter 7 Groundwater ........................................................................................... 7-1
Figure 7–1 Hydrostratigraphic Units at SRS ....................................................... 7-2
Figure 7–2 Groundwater at SRS ........................................................................ 7-3
Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ...........................A-1
Figure A–1 SRS EM Program QA Document Hierarchy .....................................A-9
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xi
Chapter 2 Environmental Management System .................................................... 2-1
Table 2–1 FY10 SRS EMS Goals (Summary) .................................................. 2-4
Table 2–2 2010 SRS Pollution Prevention Activities (Summary) ...................... 2-8
Chapter 3 Compliance Summary ............................................................................ 3-1
Table 3–1 Laws/Regulations Applicable to SRS ............................................... 3-2
Table 3–2 Summary of SRS-Related NEPA Reviews in 2010 .......................... 3-5
Table 3–3 SRS Reporting Requirements under “Federal Compliance with
Right-to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention Requirements”
(Executive Order 12856) ................................................................ 3-13
Table 3–4 NOV/NOAV Summary, 2006–2010 ................................................. 3-17
Table 3–5 Routine Environmental External Audit and Inspection Summary ... 3-18
Table 3–6 SRS Construction and Operating Permits, 2010 ............................ 3-19
Chapter 4 Effluent Monitoring ................................................................................ 4-1
Table 4–1 SRS Estimated SCDHEC Standard 2 Pollutant Air Emissions,
2006–2010 ....................................................................................... 4-5
Table 4–2 2010 Boiler Stack Test Results ......................................................... 4-6
Chapter 5 Environmental Surveillance .................................................................. 5-1
Table 5–1 Average Gross Alpha in Air Filter Results (pCi/m3), 2006–2010 ...... 5-4
Table 5–2 Average Gross Beta in Air Filter Results (pCi/m3), 2006–2010 ........ 5-4
Table 5–3 Average 2010 Concentrations of Radioactivity in SRS Streams ...... 5-8
Table 5–4 Strontium-89,90, Technetium-99, Iodine-129, and Cesium-137
Migration Estimates ........................................................................ 5-10
Table 5–5 Average 2010 Concentrations of Radioactivity in the
Savannah River .............................................................................. 5-10
List of Tables
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List of Tables
Chapter 6 Potential Radiation Doses ..................................................................... 6-1
Table 6–1 2010 Radioactive Liquid Release Source Term and 12-Month
Average Downriver Radionuclide Concentrations Compared to
EPA’s Drinking Water Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) .......... 6-4
Table 6–2 Potential Dose to the Maximally Exposed Individual from SRS
Liquid Releases in 2010 ................................................................... 6-5
Table 6–3 Potential Dose to the Maximally Exposed Individual from SRS
Atmospheric Releases in 2010......................................................... 6-6
Table 6–4 2010 Maximum Potential All-Pathway and Sportsman Doses
Compared to the DOE All-Pathway Dose Standard ......................... 6-9
Table 6–5 Potential Lifetime Risks from the Consumption of Savannah River
Fish Compared to Dose Standards .................................................6-11
Appendix A Applicable Guidelines, Standards, and Regulations ...........................A-1
Table A–1 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Criteria Air Pollutants –
2010 .................................................................................................A-3
Table A–2 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS Coal-Fired Boilers ......................A-4
Table A–3 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS Fuel Oil-Fired Package Boilers ...A-4
Table A–4 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS 784–7A Biomass Boiler ..............A-5
Table A–5 Airborne Emission Limits for SRS 784–7A Oil-Fired Package
Boiler ................................................................................................A-5
Table A–6 South Carolina Water Quality Standards for Freshwaters ...............A-6
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xiii
AACP – AreaCompletionProjects
ACM – Asbestos-containingmaterial
ALARA – Aslowasreasonablyachievable
ANSI – AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute
ANS – AcademyofNaturalSciences
AOP – AnnualOperationalPlan
ARRA – AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct
BBAT – BestAvailableTechnology
BCG – Biotaconcentrationguide
BE – BiologicalEvaluation
BGN – BurialGroundNorth
bgs – Belowgroundsurface
BJWSA – Beaufort-JasperWaterandSewerAuthority
BTU – Britishthermalunit
CCA – CorrectiveAction
CAA – CleanAirAct
CAAA – CleanAirActAmendmentsof1990
CAB – CitizensAdvisoryBoard
CAT – ConsolidatedAnnualTraining
CD – Compactdisk
C&D – ConstructionandDemolition
CERCLA – ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse,Compensation,andLiabilityAct(Superfund)
CFR – CodeofFederalRegulations
CHR – CenterforHydrogenResearch
Ci – Curie
CMIR – CorrectiveMeasuresImplementationReport
COE – U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers
COR – Challenges,Opportunities,andResolution
CSRA – CentralSavannahRiverArea
CWA – CleanWaterAct
DDCG – Derivedconcentrationguide
DOE – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy
DOECAP –U.S.DepartmentofEnergyConsolidatedAuditProgram
DOE–HQ – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy–Headquarters
DOE–SR – U.S.DepartmentofEnergy–SavannahRiverOperationsOffice
DMWE – DataManagementandWasteEngineering
DMR – DischargeMonitoringReport
DWS – Drinkingwaterstandards
EEA – Environmentalassessment
EEC – Environmentevaluationchecklist
EIS – Environmentalimpactstatement
EM – EnvironmentalMonitoring
EMCAP – EnvironmentalManagementConsolidatedAuditProgram
EML – EnvironmentalMonitoringLab
EMS – EnvironmentalManagementSystem
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Note: Sampling location abbreviations can be found on page xvii.
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xiv Savannah River Site
Acronyms and Abbreviations
EO – ExecutiveOrder
EPA – U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency
EPCRA – EmergencyPlanningandCommunityRight-to-KnowAct
EQMD – EnvironmentalQualityManagementDivision(DOE–SR)
ERA – EnvironmentalResourceAssociates
ESD – ExplanationofSignificantDifference
ESA – EndangeredSpeciesAct
ESEC – EnvironmentalScienceEducator’sCooperative
FFEB – FacilityEvaluationBoard
FFA – FederalFacilityAgreement
FFCAct – FederalFacilityComplianceAct
FIFRA – FederalInsecticide,Fungicide,andRodenticideAct
FIMS – Flowinjectionmercurysystem
FONSI – Findingofnosignificantimpact
FWS – U.S.FishandWildlifeService
GGDNR – GeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResources
GET – Generalemployeetraining
GNEP – GlobalNuclearEnergyPartnership
GSMP – GroundwaterSurveillanceMonitoringProgram
GSA – GeneralSeparationsArea
GTCC – GreaterThanClassC
Gy – Gray
IIAPCR – InterimActionPostClosureReport
ICP-AES – Inductivelycoupledplasmaatomicemissionspectrometry
ICP-MS – Inductivelycoupledplasmamassspectrometry
ICRP – InternationalCommissiononRadiologicalProtection
ISMS – IntegratedSafetyManagementSystem
ISO – InternationalOrganizationforStandardization
Kkg – Kilogram
LLDR – Landdisposalrestrictions
LLW – Low-levelradioactivewaste
LWO – LiquidWasteOperations
MM&O – ManagementandOperating
MACT – Maximumachievablecontroltechnology
MAPEP – MixedAnalytePerformanceEvaluationProgram
mCi – Millicurie
MCL – Maximumcontaminantlevel
MDC – Minimumdetectableconcentration
MFFF – MixedOxideFuelFabricationFacility
Mg/L – Milligramsperliter
mL – Milliliter
MOA – Memorandaofagreement
MOU – Memorandumofunderstanding
MOX – Mixedoxide
mrem – Millirem
mSv – Millisievert
NNBN – Nobuildingnumber
NEPA – NationalEnvironmentalPolicyAct
NESHAP – NationalEmissionStandardsforHazardousAirPollutants
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xv
Acronyms and Abbreviations
NHPA – NationalHistoricPreservationAct
NOV – Noticeofviolation
NPDES – NationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem
NRC – NuclearRegulatoryCommission
NRMP – NaturalResourcesManagementPlan
NWP – Nationwidepermit
OODS – Ozone-depletingsubstance
OFI – Opportunityforimprovement
PP2 – Pollutionpreventionprogram
PA – Performanceassessment
PAR – PandR(Pond)
PCB – Polychlorinatedbiphenyl
PCR – Post-constructionreport
pCi/L – Picocuriesperliter
PEIS – Programmaticenvironmentalimpactstatement
PM – Particulatematter
pH – Measureofthehydrogenionconcentrationinanaqueoussolution(acidicsolutions,pH<7;basicsolutions,pH>7;andneutralsolutions,pH=7)
POC – Pointofcontact
ppb – Partsperbillion
ppm – Partspermillion
PUREX – PlutoniumUraniumExtractionProcess
QQA – Qualityassurance
QC – Qualitycontrol
RRACR – RemedialActionCompletionReport
RCRA – ResourceConservationandRecoveryAct
RFI/RI – RCRAfacilityinvestigation/remedialinvestigation
RI&ES – RegulatoryIntegrationandEnvironmentalServices
RHA – RiversandHarborsAct
RM – Rivermile
RMP – Riskmanagementprogram
RMW – RadioactiveMixedWaste
ROD – Recordofdecision
SSA – Supplementanalysis
SARA – SuperfundAmendmentsandReauthorizationAct
Savannah I&D – SavannahIndustrialandDomesticWaterSupplyPlant
SCDHEC – SouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl
SDWA – SafeDrinkingWaterAct
SE – Removalsiteevaluation
SEIS – Supplementalenvironmentalimpactstatement
SEMC – SeniorEnvironmentalManagersCouncil
SES – ShealyEnvironmentalServices,Inc.
SCE&G – SouthCarolinaElectricandGas
SIRIM – SiteItemReportabilityandIssuesManagement
SLA – Servicelevelagreement
SRARP – SavannahRiverArchaeologicalResearchProgram
SREL – SavannahRiverEcologyLaboratory
S/RID – Standards/RequirementsIdentificationDocument
SRIT – SRSRegulatoryIntegrationTeam
SRNL – SavannahRiverNationalLaboratory
SRNS – SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions,LLC
SRR – SavannahRiverRemediationLLC
SRS – SavannahRiverSite
STAR – SiteTracking,Analysis,andReporting
STP – SiteTreatmentPlan
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
SWDF – SolidWasteDisposalFacility
TTCLP – Toxicitycharacteristicleachingprocedure
TEAM – TransformationalEnergyActionManagement
TEM – Transmissionelectronmicroscopy
TLD – Thermoluminescentdosimeter
TDS – Totaldissolvedsolids
TRI – ToxicReleaseInventory
TRU – Transuranicwaste
TSCA – ToxicSubstancesControlAct
TSS – Totalsuspendedsolids
TVA – TennesseeValleyAuthority
UUSFS–SR – U.S.DepartmentofAgricultureForestService–SavannahRiver
µg/L– Microgramsperliter
µg/m3 – Microgramspercubicmeter
µS/cm – Microsievertspercentimeter
USGS – U.S.GeologicalSurvey
UST – Undergroundstoragetank
UTM – UniversalTransverseMercator
VVEGP – VogtleElectricGeneratingPlant
VOC – Volatileorganiccompound
WWAC – WasteAcceptanceCriteria
WIPP – WasteIsolationPilotPlant
W/Min – Wasteminimization
WP – Waterpollution
WQC – Waterqualitycertification
WS – Watersupply
WSI-SRS – WackenhutServicesIncorporated–SavannahRiverSite
WSRC – WashingtonSavannahRiverCompany
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xvii
Sampling Location Information
Location Abbreviation Location Name/Other Applicable Information
4M Four Mile
4MB Fourmile Branch (Four Mile Creek)
4MC Four Mile Creek
BDC Beaver Dam Creek
BG Burial Ground
EAV E-Area Vaults
FM Four Mile
FMB Fourmile Branch (Four Mile Creek)
FMC Four Mile Creek (Fourmile Branch)
GAP Georgia Power Company
HP HP (sampling location designation only; not an actual abbreviation)
HWY Highway
KP Kennedy Pond
L3R Lower Three Runs
NRC Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NSB L&D New Savannah Bluff Lock & Dam (Augusta Lock and Dam)
PAR “P and R” Pond
PB Pen Branch
RM River Mile
SC Steel Creek
SWDF Solid Waste Disposal Facility
TB Tims Branch
TC Tinker Creek
TNX Multipurpose Pilot Plant Campus
U3R Upper Three Runs
VEGP Vogtle Electric Generating Plant (Plant Vogtle)
Note: This section contains sampling location abbreviations used in the text and/or on the sampling location maps. It also contains a list of sampling locations known by more than one name (see next page).
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Sampling Location Information
Sampling Locations Known by More Than One Name
Augusta Lock and Dam; New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam
Beaver Dam Creek; 400–D
Four Mile Creek–2B; Four Mile Creek at Road C
Four Mile Creek–3A; Four Mile Creek at Road C
Lower Three Runs–2; Lower Three Runs at Patterson Mill Road
Lower Three Runs–3; Lower Three Runs at Highway 125
Pen Branch–3; Pen Branch at Road A–13–2
R-Area downstream of R–1; 100–R
River Mile 118.8; U.S. Highway 301 Bridge Area; Highway 301; US 301
River Mile 129.1; Lower Three Runs Mouth
River Mile 141.5; Steel Creek Boat Ramp
River Mile 150.4; Vogtle Discharge
River Mile 152.1; Beaver Dam Creek Mouth
River Mile 157.2; Upper Three Runs Mouth
River Mile 160.0; Dernier Landing
Steel Creek at Road A; Steel Creek–4; Steel Creek–4 at Road A; Steel Creek at Highway 125
Tims Branch at Road C; Tims Branch–5
Tinker Creek at Kennedy Pond; Tinker Creek–1
Upper Three Runs–4; Upper Three Runs–4 at Road A; Upper Three Runs at Road A;
Upper Three Runs at Road 125
Upper Three Runs–1A; Upper Three Runs–1A at Road 8–1
Upper Three Runs–3; Upper Three Runs at Road C
Highway 17 Bridge; Houlihan Bridge
Stokes Bluff; Stokes Bluff Landing
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) xix
Minimal ImpactSRSmaintaineditsrecordofenvironmentalexcellencein2010,asitsoperationscontinuedtoresultinminimalimpacttothepublicandtheenvironment.Thesite’sradioactiveandchemicaldischargestoairandwaterwerewellbelowregulatorystandardsforenvironmentalandpublichealthprotection;itsairandwaterqualitymetapplicablerequirements;andthepotentialradiationdosefromitsdischargeswaslessthanthenationaldosestandards.
Thelargestradiationdosethatanoffsite,hypothetical,maximallyexposedindividualcouldhavereceivedfromSRSoperationsduring2010wasestimatedtobe0.11millirem(mrem)—0.05mremfromairpathwaysplus0.06mremfromliquidpathways.(Anmremisastandardunitofmeasureforradiationexposure.)The2010SRSdoseisjust0.11percentoftheDOEall-pathwaydosestandardof100mremperyear,andfarlessthanthenaturalaveragedoseofabout300mremperyear(accordingtoReportNo.160oftheNationalCouncilofRadiationProtectionandMeasurements)topeopleintheUnitedStates.This2010all-pathwaydoseof0.11mremwasabout8percentlessthanthe2009doseof0.12mrem.
1 Requirements of DOE Order 5400.5 in effect through 2010, but sub-sequently incorporated into and superseded by DOE Order 458.1 on February 15, 2011
Extensive Monitoring; Documented Compliance Rate of 100 PercentEnvironmentalmonitoringisconductedextensivelywithina2,000-square-milenetworkextending25milesfromSRS,withsomemonitoringperformedasfaras100milesfromthesite.Theareaincludesneighboringcities,towns,andcountiesinGeorgiaandSouthCarolina.Thousandsofsamplesofair,rainwater,surfacewater,drinkingwater,groundwater,foodproducts,wildlife,soil,sediment,andvegetationarecollectedbySRSandstateauthoritiesandanalyzedforthepresenceofradioactiveandnonradioactivecontaminants.
CompliancewithenvironmentalregulationsandwithDOEordersrelatedtoenvironmentalprotectionprovidesassurancethatonsiteprocessesdonotimpactthepublicortheenvironmentadversely.Suchcomplianceisdocumentedinthisreport.
SRShadaNationalPollutantDischargeEliminationSystem(NPDES)compliancerateof100percentin2010,withzeroofthe5,059sampleanalysesperformedexceedingpermitlimits—acompliancerecordthathasbeenattainedonlyoneothertime(2007).TheNPDESprogramprotectsstreams,reservoirs,andotherwetlandsbylimitingthereleaseofnonradiologicalpollutionintosurfacewaters.DischargelimitsaresetforeachfacilitytoensurethatSRSoperationsdonotnegativelyimpactaquaticlifeordegradewaterquality.
Executive Summary
The SavannahRiverSiteEnvironmentalReportfor2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) is prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) according to requirements of DOE Order 231.1A,“Environment, Safety and Health Reporting,” and DOE Order 5400.51, “Radiation Protection of the Public and Environment.”
The annual SRSEnvironmentalReport has been produced for more than 50 years. Several hundred copies are distributed each year to government officials, universities, public libraries, environmental and civic groups, news media, and interested individuals. The report’s purpose is to• present summary environmental data that characterize site environmental management performance• describe compliance status with respect to environmental standards and requirements• highlight significant programs and efforts
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One NOV/One NOAVIssuedbytheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyortheSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl,NoticesofViolation(NOVs)orNoticesofAllegedViolation(NOAVs)aretheformal
regulatorynoticesthatallegepotentialviolationsofanorganization’spermits,orofenvironmentallawsorregulations.SRSreceivedoneNOVandoneNOAVin2010—bothundertheCleanAirAct.
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This report was prepared in accordance with U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Order 231.1A, “Environment, Safety and Health Reporting,” to present summary environmental data for the purpose of• characterizing site’s environmental management performance
• summarizing environmental occurrences and responses reported during the calendar year
• describing compliance status with respect to environmental standards and requirements
• highlighting significant site programs and efforts
This report is the principal document that demonstrates compliance with the requirements of DOE Order 5400.5, “Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment,” and is a key component of DOE’s effort to keep the public informed of environmental conditions at Savannah River Site (SRS).
Introduction
Timothy Jannik Savannah River National Laboratory
Al MamateyRegulatory Integration & Environmental Services
CHAPTER
1
MissionsSRShasfourprimarymissions:
• Environmental Management-CleaningupthelegacyoftheColdWareffortsandpreparingdecommissionedfacilitiesandareasforlong-termstewardship
• Nuclear Weapons Stockpile Support-MeetingtheneedsoftheU.S.nuclearweaponsstockpilethroughthetritiumprogramsoftheNationalNuclearSecurityAdministration(NNSA)
• Nuclear Nonproliferation Support-MeetingtheneedsoftheNNSA’snuclearnonproliferationprogramsbysafelystoringanddispositioningexcessspecialnuclearmaterials
• Research and Development-SupportingtheapplicationofsciencebytheSavannahRiverNationalLaboratory(SRNL)tomeettheneedsofSRS,theDOEcomplex,andotherfederalagencies
During2010,SRSworkedtofulfillthesemissionsandpositionthesiteforfutureoperations.SRScontinuedtoworkwiththeSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl(SCDHEC),theEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),andtheNuclearRegulatoryCommissiontofindandimplementsolutionsandschedulesforwastemanagementanddisposition.AspartofitsmissiontocleanuptheColdWarlegacy,SRSwillcontinuetoaddressthehighest-riskwaste
managementissuesbysafelystoringandpreparingliquidwasteandnuclearmaterialsfordisposition,andbysafelystabilizinganytankwasteresiduesthatremainonsite.
Site Location, Demographics, and EnvironmentSRS,aDOEcomplexfacility,wasconstructedduringtheearly1950stoproducematerials(primarilyplutonium-239andtritium)usedinnuclearweapons.Thesite,whichborderstheSavannahRiver,coversapproximately310squaremilesinSouthCarolina.SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions,LLC(SRNS),assumedresponsibilityfromWashingtonSavannahRiverCompany(WSRC)forSRSMaintenanceandOperationsactivitiesin2008.SavannahRiverRemediation(SRR)subsequentlytookoverthesite’sLiquidWasteOperationsfunctionsfromWSRCin2009.
SRScovers198,344acresinAiken,Allendale,andBarnwellcountiesofSouthCarolina.Thesiteisapproximately12milessouthofAiken,SouthCarolina,and15milessoutheastofAugusta,Georgia(figure1–1).BasedontheU.S.CensusBureau’s2010decennialdata,thepopulationwithina50-mileradiusofthecenterofSRSisapproximately781,060—anincreaseof9.6percentoverthe2000populationinthisarea.Thistranslatestoanaveragepopulationdensityofabout104peoplepersquaremileoutsidetheSRSboundary,with
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Figure 1 –1 The Savannah River Site SRNL Map
SRS is located in South Carolina, about 12 miles south of Aiken, South Carolina, and about 15 miles southeast of Augusta, Georgia. The Savannah River flows along a portion of the site’s southwestern border. The capital letters within the SRS borders identify operations areas referenced throughout this report.
thelargestconcentrationintheAugustametropolitanarea.
Water ResourcesSRSisboundedonitssouthwesternborderbytheSavannahRiverforabout35rivermilesandisapproximately160rivermilesfromtheAtlanticOcean.Thenearestdownrivermunicipalfacilitythatusestheriverasadrinkingwatersource(Beaufort-JasperWaterandSewerAuthority’sPurrysburgWaterTreatmentPlant)islocatedapproximately90rivermilesfromthesite.Theriveralsoisusedforcommercialandsportfishing,boating,andotherrecreationalactivities.
AccordingtoofficialswithSCDHECandtheGeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResources,therearenoknownlarge-scaleusesoftheriverforirrigationbyfarmingoperationsdownriverofthesite.
ThegroundwaterflowsystematSRSconsistsoffourmajoraquifers.Groundwatergenerallymigratesdownwardaswellaslaterally—eventuallyeitherdischargingintotheSavannahRiveranditstributariesormigratingintothedeeperregionalflowsystem.SRSgroundwaterisusedonsitebothforprocessesandfordrinkingwater.
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GeologySRSislocatedonthesoutheasternAtlanticCoastalPlain,whichispartofthelargerAtlanticPlainthatextendssouthfromNewJerseytoFlorida.ThecenterofSRSisapproximately25milessoutheastofthegeologicalFallLinethatseparatestheCoastalPlainfromthePiedmont.CharacterizationofregionalearthquakeactivityisdominatedbythecatastrophicCharleston,SouthCarolina,earthquakeofAugust31,1886(est.magnitudeof7.0ontheRichterscale).Withnearlythreecenturiesofavailablehistoricandcontemporaryseismicdata,theCharleston/SummervillearearemainsthemostseismicallyactiveregionofSouthCarolina—andthemostsignificantseismogenicregionaffectingSRS.OngoingstudiesbyUniversityofSouthCarolinaseismologistssuggestarecurrenceintervalof500–600yearsformagnitude7.0orgreaterearthquakes(similartothe1886event)nearCharleston.EarthquakeactivityoccurringwithintheupperCoastalPlainofSouthCarolina,wherethemajorityofSRSislocated,ischaracterizedbyoccasionalsmallshalloweventsassociatedwithstrainreleasenearsmall-scalefaultsandintrusives.Levelsofseismicactivitywithinthisregionareverylow,withmagnitudesorsizesgenerallylessthanorequalto3.0
Land and Forest ResourcesAbout90percentofSRSlandareaconsistsofnaturalandmanagedforests,whichareplanted,maintained,andharvestedbytheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureForestService–SavannahRiver.Thesitecontainsfourmajorforesttypes:mixedpine-hardwoods,sandhillspinesavanna,bottomlandhardwoods,andswampfloodplainforests.Morethan345CarolinabaysexistonSRS.Carolinabaysarerelativelysmall,shallowdepressionsthatprovideimportantwetlandhabitatandrefugeformanyplantsandanimals.
Animal and Plant LifeThemajorityofSRSisundeveloped;onlyabout10percentofthetotallandareaisdevelopedorusedformission-orientedfacilities.Theremainderismaintainedinhealthy,diverseecosystems.SRSishometoabout1,500speciesofvascularandnonvascularplants,morethan100speciesofreptilesandamphibians,some50speciesofmammals,andnearly100speciesoffish—andprovideshabitatformorethan250speciesofbirds.Nearly600speciesofaquaticinsectscanbefoundinSRSstreamsandwetlands.Thesitealsoprovideshabitatforanumberofprotectedspecies—includingthewoodstork,thered-cockadedwoodpecker,thepondberry,andthesmoothconeflower(allfederallylistedas
endangered)—andatleast40plantspeciesofstateorregionalconcern.
Primary Site ActivitiesNuclear Materials Stabilization ProjectInthepast,theSRSseparationsfacilitiesprocessedspecialnuclearmaterialsandusedfuelfromsitereactorstoproducematerialsfornuclearweaponsandisotopesformedicalandNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationapplications.TheendoftheColdWarin1991broughtashiftinthemissionofthesefacilitiestostabilizationofnuclearmaterialsfromonsiteandoffsitesourcesforsafestorageordisposition.FCanyon,oneofthesite’stwoprimaryseparationsfacilities,wasdeactivatedin2006.Theotherfacility,HCanyon,continuestooperate,andanimportantpartofitsmissionistheconversionofweapons-usable,highlyenricheduraniumtolow-enricheduraniumforuseinthemanufactureofcommercialreactorfuel,akeyfunctionofthenation’snuclearnonproliferationprogram.
Used Nuclear Fuel Storage SRS’susednuclearfuelfacilitiesreceiveandstorefuelelementsfromavarietyofforeignanddomesticreactors.ThemissionoftheUNFprogramistosafelyandcost-effectivelyreceiveandstoreusedfuelelementsfromforeignanddomesticresearchreactors—pendingdisposition—insupportofnuclearresearchandtheGlobalThreatReductionInitiative.
Tritium ProcessingSRStritiumfacilitiesaredesignedandoperatedtosupplyandprocesstritium,aradioactiveformofhydrogengasthatisavitalcomponentofnuclearweapons.ThesefacilitiesarepartoftheNationalNuclearSecurityAdministration’sDefenseProgramsoperationsatSRS.
Waste ManagementLiquid Waste Operations
SRRcontinuedtomanagetheSRSLiquidWasteOperationsfacilitiesin2010,andtosupporttheintegratedhigh-activitywasteprogramandtankclosureprocess.Thisworkincludeddispositioningwastefromtankslocatedinthesite’sFAreaandHAreatankfarms.DispositioningofthewasteincludedoperationoftheDefenseWasteProcessingFacility,whichimmobilizeshigh-levelwasteinglass;theSaltstoneProductionandDisposalFacilities,whichprocessanddisposelow-activitysaltwasteinagroutform;andthesaltwasteprocessingfacilities,knownastheActinideRemoval
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Process/ModularCausticSideSolventExtractionUnit,whichdecontaminatethesaltwasteandsendittoSaltstone.
Adetaileddescriptionofthesite’s2010LiquidWasteOperationsactivitiescanbefoundontheCDaccompanyingthisreport.
SRSmanages• thelargevolumesofradiologicalandnonradiologi-
calwastecreatedbypreviousoperationsofthenuclearreactorsandtheirsupportfacilities
• newlygeneratedwastecreatedbyongoingsiteoperations
Althoughtheprimaryfocusisonsafelymanagingtheradioactiveliquidwaste,thesitealsomusthandle,store,treat,disposeof,andminimizesolidwasteresultingfrompast,ongoing,andfutureoperations.Solidwasteincludeshazardous,low-level,mixed,sanitary,andtransuranicwastes.MoreinformationaboutradioactiveliquidandsolidwastesisincludedontheCDhousedinsidethebackcoverofthisreport.
Area Completion ProjectsPastoperationsatSRShaveresultedinthereleaseofhazardousandradioactivesubstancestosoilandgroundwater,withcontaminationlevelsexceedingregulatorythresholds.ThemissionofAreaCompletionProjects(ACP)personnelistodeactivateanddecommissioncontaminatedfacilitiesandremediate(ifnecessary)soils,groundwater,surfacewater,andsedimentstolevelsthatcomplywithestablishedregulatorythresholdsandthatprotecthumanhealthandtheenvironment.
NumeroustechnologieshavebeenpioneeredtoincreasetheeffectivenessofACP’sremediationeffortsandtoreducehazardousriskacrossthesite.ACPutilizesaGreenRemediationapproachtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandothernegativeenvironmentalimpactsthatmightoccurduringcharacterizationorremediationofhazardouswastesites.GreenRemediationisthepracticeof(1)consideringalltheenvironmentaleffectsofremedyimplementationand(2)incorporatingoptionstominimizetheenvironmentalfootprintsofcleanupactions.NaturalremediesusedatSRSincludephytoremediation(augmentednaturalvegetativeprocesses),bioremediation(augmentednaturallyoccurringmicrobialprocesses),andnaturalremediation(naturalprocessestoaddresscontamination).Thesetechnologiesareprovingtobeacost-efficientmeansof
reducingrisktohumanhealthandtheenvironment,andhavebeensuccessfulinexpeditingcleanups.
CleanupdecisionsarereachedthroughimplementationofacoreteamprocesswithEPARegion4andSCDHEC.Inreachingsuchdecisions,thepublic’sandstakeholders’(suchastheCitizensAdvisoryBoard)inputissolicitedandconsidered.ACPusesastreamlinedcleanupstrategytoaccelerateworkandreduceoveralllifecyclecosts.During2010,ACPcompletedfinalremediationofMArea,thesecondlargeformerindustrialareaonSRS(TAreacleanupwascompletedin2006).
MoreinformationaboutACP’s2010operationsisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisreport.
Effluent Monitoring and Environmental SurveillanceThegeneralpurposeoftheeffluentmonitoringandenvironmentalsurveillanceprogramsisto• demonstratecompliancewithapplicableenviron-
mentalregulations,DOEorders,andcommitmentsmadeinenvironmentaldocuments
• manageSRSeffluentsandtheirtreatmentandcontrolpractices
• identify,characterize,quantify,trend,andreporttheeffects(ifany)ofSRSoperationsonthepublicandontheenvironmentinandaroundthesite
SRSsamplinglocations,samplemedia,samplingfrequency,andtypesofanalysisareselectedbasedonenvironmentalregulations,exposurepathways,publicconcerns,andmeasurementcapabilities.Theselectionsalsoreflectthesite’scommitmentto(1)safety;(2)protectinghumanhealth;(3)reducingtherisksassociatedwithpast,present,andfutureoperations;(4)improvingcosteffectiveness;and(5)meetingregulatoryrequirements.
Releases
Releasestotheenvironmentofradioactiveandnonradioactivematerialscomefromlegacycontaminationaswellasfromongoingsiteoperations.Forinstance,contaminated,shallowgroundwater—alegacy—flowsslowlytowardandintoonsitestreamsandswamps,andeventuallyintotheSavannahRiver.Duringroutineday-to-daysiteoperations,liquiddischargesandairemissionsreleasecontaminantstotheenvironment.SRSusesthe“aslowasreasonablyachievable”(ALARA)concepttomanagethesereleases.
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Introduction - 1
Pathways
Theroutesthatcontaminantscanfollowtoentertheenvironmentandthenreachpeopleareknownasexposurepathways.Apersonpotentiallycanbeexposedwhenheorshebreathestheair,consumeslocallyproducedfoodsandmilk,drinkswaterfromtheSavannahRiver,eatsfishcaughtfromtheriver,orusestheriverforrecreationalactivitiessuchasboating,swimming,etc.
Onewaytodetermineifcontaminantsfromthesitehavereachedtheenvironmentisthroughenvironmentalmonitoring.Thesitegathersthousandsofair,water,soil,sediment,food,vegetation,andanimalsampleseachyear.Thesamplesareanalyzedforcontaminantsreleasedfromsiteoperations,andthepotentialradiationexposuretothepublicisassessed.Samplesaretakenatthepointswherematerialsarereleasedfrom(1)thefacilities(effluentmonitoring)and(2)theenvironmentitself(environmentalsurveillance).SCDHECalsohadaprograminplaceduring2010tomonitortheenvironmentinandaroundSRS,aswellasneartheCityofSavannah(fortritiumintheSavannahRiver).
Research and DevelopmentSavannah River National Laboratory
SRNLisSRS’sappliedresearchanddevelopmentlaboratory.SRNL“putssciencetowork”tocreateandimplementpractical,high-value,costeffectivetechnologysolutionsintheareasofEnvironmentManagement,NationalandHomelandSecurity,andEnergySecurity.SRNLprovidestechnicalleadershipandkeysupportforfutureSRSmissions.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRNLat803–725–2854,orbyviewingthefacility’swebsiteathttp://shrine.srs.gov/html/srnl/index.html.
Savannah River Ecology Laboratory
TheSavannahRiverEcologyLaboratory(SREL)isaresearchunitofTheUniversityofGeorgiathathasbeenconductingecologicalresearchatSRSformorethan55
years.Thefacility’soverallmissionistoacquireandcommunicateknowledgeofecologicalprocessesandprinciples.SRELconductsfundamentalandappliedecologicalresearch,aswellaseducationandoutreachprograms,underacooperativeagreementwithDOE.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRELat803–725–2472,orbyviewingthelaboratory’swebsiteathttp://www.srel.edu/.Also,SREL’stechnicalprogressreportfor2010isincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.
USDA Forest Service–Savannah River
TheUSDAForestService–SavannahRiver(USFS–SR),aunitwithintheSouthernRegionoftheU.S.Depart-mentofAgriculture,managesapproximately170,000acresofnaturalresourcesatSRS.USFS–SRoperatesunderaninteragencyagreementwithDOE–Savan-nahRiverOperationsOfficeandimplementstheSRS Natural Resources Management Planforavarietyofnaturalresources.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingUSFS–SRat803–725–0006,orbyviewingtheUSFS–SRwebsiteatwww.fs.usda.gov/savannahriver.Also,USFS–SR’s2010reportisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.
Savannah River Archaeological Research Program
TheSavannahRiverArchaeologicalResearchProgram(SRARP)providescontinuedculturalresourcemanagementguidancetoDOEtoensurefulfillmentofcompliancecommitments.SRARPalsoservesasaprimaryfacilityfortheinvestigationofarchaeologicalresearchproblemsassociatedwithculturaldevelopmentwithintheSavannahRivervalley,usingtheresultstohelpDOEmanagemorethan1,300knownarchaeologicalsitesatSRS.MoreinformationcanbeobtainedbycontactingSRARPat803–725–3724,orbyviewingtheSRARPwebsiteathttp://www.srarp.org.Also,SRARP’s2010reportisincludedontheCDaccompanyingthisdocument.
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Environmental Report for 2010 (SRNS–STI–2011–00059) 2-1
Thischapterfocusesontheintegrationofnumerousenvironmentalrequirementsmandatedbyexistingstatutes,regulations,andpoliciesasimplementedthroughtheSRSEnvironmentalManagementSystem(EMS).AllcontractorrequirementsmandatedbyU.S.DepartmentofEnergy(DOE)Order450.1A,“EnvironmentalProtectionProgram,”areconsideredinthesite’sIntegratedSafetyManagementSystem(ISMS)structure.
Amanagementsystemisatoolestablishedbyanorganizationtomanageitsoperationsandactivitiesinthepursuitofitspoliciesandgoals.InthecaseoftheEMS,itisnotastand-aloneenvironmentalprogramoradatamanagementprogram.ImplementationoftheEMSenablesSRStoclearlyidentifyandestablishenvironmentalgoals,developandimplementplanstomeetthegoals,determinemeasurableprogresstowardthegoals,andtakestepstoensurecontinuousimprovement.
ExecutiveOrder(EO)13423,“StrengtheningFederalEnvironmental,Energy,andTransportationManagement,”signedJanuary24,2007,directseachfederalagencytouseanEMSasthemanagementframeworktoimplement,manage,measure,andcontinuallyimproveuponsustainableenvironmental,energy,andtransportationpractices.EO13423mandatesthattheEMSshallincludecorrespondingfederalagency-specificobjectivesandtargetstomeetgoalsin(amongothers)energyefficiencyandreductionofgreenhousegasemissions,useofrenewableenergy,waterconservation,fleetmanagement,electronicsstewardshipandpurchasing,reductionintheuseoftoxicandhazardouschemicalsandmaterials,andpollutionandwasteprevention/recycling.
DOEissuedDOEOrder450.1AinJune2008
todelineateresponsibilitiesforcarryingouttherequirementsofEO13423.Thisincludedarequirementthatintheinitialyearofimplementation(2009)andeverythirdyearthereafter,anindependentexternalauditmustbeperformedtoensurecompliancewiththeorderandconformancewiththe17elementsoftheInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(ISO)14001Standard,“EnvironmentalManagementSystem.”TheinitialexternalauditofSRS’sEMS—conductedApril28toMay1,2009—concludedthattheEMSconformedtoboththeorderandtheISOstandard.SavannahRiverNuclearSolutions(SRNS)—asthesite’smaintenanceandoperations(M&O)contractor—completedactionsnecessarytoenablethe“declaration”ofconformanceinJune2009.
EO13514,“FederalLeadershipinEnvironmental,Energy,andEconomicPerformance,”wassignedbyPresidentObamainOctober2009.Asoftheendof2010,DOEhadnotreviseditsapplicableorderstocorrespondwithEO13514.Assuch,theContractorRequirementsDocuments(CRDs)oftherespectiveDOEordersarependingmodificationtoreflecttheadditionalrequirements.PendinginclusionofthenewEOrequirementswithinapplicablecontractingdocuments,sitecontractorsandtenantagenciescontinuedtosupportgoalsandobjectivesoftheorderin2010totheextentpermittedbyapprovedcontractsandagreements.
SRS EMS ImplementationTheEMSatSRSisimplementedbymultiplecontractorsusingdocuments,programsandstrategiestailoredtoorganization-specificresources.DOE–SRoverseestheimplementationofeachstrategytoensureaconsistentandintegratedsiteprogram.TheimplementationstrategyforSRNS,astheM&Ocontractor,andSavannahRiverRemediation(SRR),managing
Compliance with environmental statutory and other legal regulatory requirements is a fundamental responsibility of all federal agencies. In 2010, Savannah River Site (SRS) continued to meet or exceed performance expectations with respect to the management of environmental protection activities related to air, water, land, and other important resources.
CHAPTER
2Environmental Management System
Michael E. Roper Regulatory Integration & Environmental Services
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LiquidWasteOperations(LWO),isdocumentedinthe“EnvironmentalManagementSystemDescriptionManual”(G–TM–G–00001).Thismanualcanbeviewedviathefollowinginternetlink:http://irmsrv02.srs.gov/general/pubs/envbul/documents/ems_manual.pdf.
AdditionalSRScontractorortenantorganizationdocumentsdescribingEMSimplementationstrategiesincludethefollowing:• WackenhutServicesIncorporated–SavannahRiver
Site(WSI–SRS),ProcedureNumber1–05• Parsons–EnvironmentalManagementSystem
Program,Q–PLN–J–0100
• ShawAREVAMOXServices–MixedOxideFuelProjectIntegratedEnvironment,SafetyandHealthPlan,DCS01–AHS–DS–PRG–H–40003–4
Integration of the SRS EMS within ISMSFigure2–1depictstheprocessesbywhichenvironmentallyimpactingactivitiesperformedatSRSareintegratedintotheISMS.Thisapproach,wherebyenvironmentalregulatoryrequirementsarerolledintoimplementingprogramsandprocedures,isfollowedtovaryingdegreeswithinallSRSorganizationstoreflectspecificworkscope,resources,andpotentialforenvironmentalimpact.
Figure 2–1 Environmental Management System Integration
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Environmental Management System - 2
Environmental PolicyTheSRSEnvironmentalPolicyisastatementofthesite’sintenttoimplementsoundstewardshippracticesthatprotecttheair,water,land,andothernaturalandculturalresourcesimpactedbySRSoperations.Thepolicy’sobjectiveistoestablishaconsistentsitewideapproachtoenvironmentalprotectionthroughtheimplementationofanEMSasintegratedwithinthesite’scomprehensiveISMS.TheSRSEMSprovidesforthesystematicplanning,integratedexecution,andevaluationofsiteactivitiesfor(1)publichealthandenvironmentalprotection,(2)pollutionprevention(P2)andwasteminimization,(3)compliancewithapplicableenvironmentalprotectionrequirements,and(4)continuousimprovementoftheEMS.
Thepolicyisupdated,published,andcommunicatedthroughoutthesiteannually–andispostedtotheexternallyaccessibleSRSwebsitetofosterfurtherdisseminationtothesurroundingcommunity.Thepolicyletterispostedathttp://irmsrv02.srs.gov/general/pubs/envbul/documents/env_mgt_sys_policy.pdf.
Environmental Aspects and ImpactsDeterminingenvironmentalaspects(elementsofactivities,products,processes,andservicesthatcouldhaveasignificantimpactontheenvironment)iscriticaltotheEMSprocess.ItequatestoanalyzinghazardsviatheISMSreviewprotocol.IdentifyingtheSRSenvironmentalaspectsisnottheendoftheprocess.SRSpersonnelmustevaluateworkactivities,whetherroutineorunusual,todeterminewhethertheaspectsareimpactedbytheworkactivity.Thisleadstothedevelopmentandimplementationofcontrolsnecessarytomitigatethepotentialthattheactionwilladverselyaffecttheenvironment.Environmentalaspects(aswellasgoalsandtargets)arereviewedbyseniormanagementduringEMSstatusmeetingstokeeptheaspectscurrent.
AspartoftheSRSEnvironmentalEvaluationChecklist(EEC)process,themethodbywhichenvironmentalaspectsandimpactsareidentified,evaluatedforsignificance(usinga“scoringworksheet”),reviewedbymanagementforvalidationanddeterminationofmitigative/correctiveactions,anddocumented(includingsignificancedeterminations)isdescribedinthe“EnvironmentalManagementSystemDescriptionManual.”
Legal and Other RequirementsRegulatoryandDOEenvironmentalprogramandcompliancerequirementsarecontainedinthesite’sStandards/RequirementsIdentificationDocument
(S/RID),whichprovidesacrosswalkbetweenregulatoryandDOEsourcerequirementsandthecorrespondingSRSimplementingdocuments.TheS/RIDencompassesrequirementstoprotecttheenvironmentandthehealthofthepublicandemployees,includingpolicymanagement,permitting,monitoring,surveillanceandinspections,controlstandards,pollutionprevention,recordkeepingandreporting,notifications,andkeyinterfaces.AdditionalinformationonSRSenvironmentalcomplianceiscontainedinchapter3(“ComplianceSummary”)ofthisannualSRS Environmental Report.
Objectives, Targets, and ProgramsEnvironmentaltargetsareestablished,implemented,andmaintainedconsistentwithandinsupportofDOEenvironmentalobjectives,whichincludeincreasingenergyefficiency,reducinggreenhousegases(GHG),usingrenewableenergy,waterconservation,pollutionpreventioninitiatives,petroleumconservationandalternativefueluse,andincorporatingsustainablebuildingstandards.Objectivesandtargetsareestablishedto1)achievefullcompliancewithapplicableenvironmentalrequirements,2)devoteresourcestospecificpollutionpreventioninitiatives,and3)ensureresponsiblestewardshipofnaturalandculturalresourcesatSRS.
Thetargetsandgoalsaredevelopedandendorsedbyseniormanagersresponsibleforeachofthefunctionalareasassociatedwiththeobjectives.Onceapproved,leadresponsibilityforachievingthegoalsandtargetsisassignedtoaspecificorganization.Leadpointsofcontactaredesignatedandexecutionschedulesareestablishedandtracked.AnnualtargetsandcorrespondingperformancemeasurementsthatreflectprogressarepostedtotheinternalEMSwebsite,andareavailableuponrequest.
SevenspecificobjectivesandtargetsencompassingsevensignificantenvironmentalaspectswereestablishedforFY10.ThetargetsforeachobjectivewereeithermetorexceededthroughFY10.Datatable2–1(see“SRSEnvironmentalData/Maps”ontheCDaccompanyingthisreport)summarizesobjectives/targets,actionstaken,andprogress/success.Asummaryofthetable(2–1)canbefoundonpage2-4.
Competence, Training, and AwarenessThepurposeoftheSRSenvironmentaltrainingprogramistoensurethatpersonnelwhoseactionscouldhaveenvironmentalconsequencesareproperlytrainedandmadeawareoftheirresponsibilitiesto
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competentlyprotecttheenvironment,workers,andthepublic.AllSRSemployeeshavebeeninformedofEMSrequirements,especiallythosewhoseresponsibilitiesincludeenvironmentalprotectionandregulatorycompliance.Allemployeesareresponsible
forsupportingandcomplyingwithEMSprogramsandprocesses.Thisincludescomplyingwithlegalrequirements,understandingpollutionprevention/wasteminimizationtechniques,andcontinuouslyimprovingoperatingpracticestoenhanceandprotectthesite’s
EMS Goal/Objective“Stoplight” Indicator
Status
Reduce building energy intensity (BTU/GSF) by 3% annually or by 30% by the end of FY15
Site energy intensity increased slightly in FY10 versus FY09 (3.3%). This is due primarily to major weather impacts, increased ARRA work/staffing, and across-the-board increases in production/mission energy use. In spite of the 3.3% FY10 increase, the site is ahead of the overall energy intensity reduction goal of a 30% reduction during the period FY03 to FY15. A summary report detailing how to comply with HPSB requirements in existing buildings was issued to DOE–SR in September 2010. Construction on three new biomass facilities proceeded well in 2010.
Purchase 3% of facility electrical energy from renewable sources, 50% of which must have been placed into service after 1/1/1999
Construction of the new Biomass Cogeneration Facility near F Area remained on schedule. Construction of the K Area and L Area biomass boilers was completed in FY10.
Reduce water consumption by 2% annually or by 16% by the end of FY15
The C Area-to-K Area domestic water supply line project was completed in February 2010. K Area well pumping was terminated as planned. As a result, site combined domestic and process water use was reduced by 11% versus FY 2009. This reduction would have been greater if not for associated ARRA/stimulus impacts.
Reduce the use of hazardous materials and toxic chemicals
1) In FY10, SRS avoided generating 838 cubic meters of radioactive and hazardous waste, exceeding the FY10 goal by 110%. Twenty-three (23) projects contributed to the avoidance efforts, resulting in a cost avoidance of $1.5 million.2) The FY10 routine sanitary waste recycle rate was 38.8%.3) The Chemical Management Center redistributed 84,773 pounds of excess chemicals in FY10, avoiding $1.2 million in waste and acquisition costs.
Construct or renovate buildings in accordance with sustainability strategies; Incorporate sustainable practices in 15% of existing federal capital asset building inventory by 2015
A 62-page summary report detailing how to comply with HPSB requirements in existing buildings was issued to DOE–SR in September 2010. The SRS Ten-Year Site Plan included an overview of HPSB efforts.
Reduce consumption of petroleum products by 2% annually through FY15
SRS petroleum consumption increased by nearly 21% (combined gasoline and diesel) in FY10 versus FY09—due primarily to an increase in ARRA/stimulus staffing and scope. In addition, DOE–HQ mandated use of approximately 60 hybrid gasoline vehicles at SRS, which also negatively impacted this metric. Hybrids cannot use blended E85 fuel; rather, they require unblended gasoline. However, the site is on track to meet the overall goal, having realized a 10% petroleum reduction through FY10 when compared to the FY05 baseline year.
Increase fleet nonpetroleum-based fuel consumption by 10% annually
During the past 10 years, SRS has increased use of E85 fuel by 350%, far exceeding the end-state goal of a 10% annual increase.
Table 2–1 FY10 SRS EMS Goals (Summary)
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workers,theenvironment,andthepublic.
GeneralenvironmentalawarenesstrainingisprovidedtoallSRSemployees.Specializedtrainingopportunitiesaredevelopedbyandofferedthroughacentralizedtrainingorganizationthatreliesheavilyonthefunctional-areasubjectmatterexpertisewithintheenvironmentalorganizationforthedevelopmentandpresentationofenvironmentalandwastemanagementcurricula.
Fromaprocessimprovementperspective,theenvironmentaltrainingprogramunderwentamajorrevisionin2010tomoreclearlydefineandclarifyevolvingroles,responsibilities,authority,andaccountability(R2A2)forenvironmentalpersonnel.TrainingrequirementstosupportapplicableR2A2swereidentified,evaluated,anddocumented.Trainingplansweredevelopedforallmanagerial,professional,andsubjectmatterexpertpositions,andqualificationrecordsweredevelopedfortechnicianpositions.Anexistingautomatedtrackingmechanismwasleveragedtofacilitatemanagement,supervisory,andemployeeawarenessofprogresstowardachievingandmaintainingrequisitetrainingexpertise.
RegularlyscheduledclassesintheenvironmentaltrainingprogramcoversuchtopicsasEnvironmentalLawsandRegulations,HazardousWasteWorkerResponsibilities,HazardousandRadiologicalWasteCharacterization,ManagementofPolychlorinatedBiphenyls,andEnvironmentalComplianceAuthorities.Morethan60environmentalprogram-relatedtrainingcoursesarelistedinthesitetrainingdatabase,andindividualorganizationsscheduleandperformotherfacility-specific,environment-relatedtrainingtoensurethatoperationsandmaintenancepersonnel,aswellasenvironmentalprofessionals,havetheknowledgeandskillstoperformworksafelyandinamannerthatprotectstheenvironmentinandaroundSRS.
Resources, Roles, and ResponsibilitiesAllSRSemployeeshavespecificrolesandresponsibilitiesinkeyareas,includingenvironmentalprotection.Environmentalandwastemanagementtechnicalsupportpersonnelassistsiteoperatingorganizationswithdevelopingandmeetingtheirenvironmentalresponsibilities.SRSmaintainsdetailedmanualsonresources,roles,responsibilities,andauthoritytoassistemployeesinperformingtheirduties.
CommunicationsSRScontinuestomaintainandimproveinternaland
externalcommunicationsonenvironmentalissues.Manypoliciesandproceduresguidecommunicationsatthesite,rangingfromthegeneralsitepolicytoformsandtechniquesaddressedinfacility-specificprocedures.Additionally,SRSsolicitsinputfrominterestedpartiessuchascommunitymembers,activists,electedofficials,andregulators.TheSRSCitizensAdvisoryBoardprovidesadviceandrecommendationstoDOEonenvironmentalcompliance,remediation,wastemanagement,facilitydecommissioning,andrelatedissues.Ex-officiomembersfromDOE–SR,theU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)Region4,theSouthCarolinaDepartmentofHealthandEnvironmentalControl(SCDHEC),andtheGeorgiaDepartmentofNaturalResourcesparticipateinboardactivities.AtthecoreofthecommunicationandcommunityinvolvementprogramsaretheSRSEnvironmentalPolicy(previouslydiscussed)andtheSRSFederalFacilityAgreementCommunityInvolvementPlan(WSRC–RP–96–120,Rev5,July2006),whichisanadministrativerecordfileavailableforviewingatanydesignatedSRSPublicReadingRoom.Theultimategoalofenvironmentalcommunicationsistoimprovestakeholderunderstandingandthesite’soverallenvironmentalperformance.
AdditionalforumsforthedisseminationofinformationassociatedwithenvironmentissuesincludetheSeniorEnvironmentalManagersCouncil(SEMC),comprisedofsenior-levelenvironmentalmanagers(fromallSRScontractors)whoshareinformationonenvironmentalconcerns,regulatorymatters,SRSoperationalissues,andupcomingchangestoimprovetheSRSenvironmentalcomplianceprogram;DOE–SR’sEnvironmentalQualityManagementDivision(EQMD),whichconvenesregularmeetingswithSRScontractorsandtheDOEenvironmentaloversightstafftodiscussissuesrelevanttoenvironmentalprotectionandcompliance;theSRSRegulatoryIntegrationTeam(SRIT),consistingofDOE–SR,EPARegion4,andSCDHECrepresentativeswhoaddressissuesthatarecross-cuttingandrequirehigh-levelagencycollaboration;andtheChallenges,Opportunities,andResolution(COR)Team,consistingofregulatorycompliancerepresentativesofSRNSandothermajorSRScontractorswhodiscuss(1)emergingcomplianceorimplementationchallengesand(2)opportunitiestodevelopandcoordinateresolutions.
Operational ControlsOperationalcontrolshelpensurethatenvironmentalpolicy-relatedactivitiesofregulatorycompliance,pollutionprevention,andcontinuousimprovement
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bySRSmanagementareinplaceandimplemented.Consistentwithboththepolicyandtheobjectives/targets,operationsactivitiesareidentified,planned,andexecutedtoensurethattheyarecarriedoutwithinappropriatecontrols.Fromanenvironmentalprotectionperspective,oneofthemoresignificantoperationalcontrolsistheconsistentuseoftheEECprocesspreviouslymentioned.Aseachnewprocess/activityorproposedrevision/modificationtoanexistingoperationisconsidered,preparationofanEECisinitiatedforthatactivitytoensurethatenvironmentallyimpactingconsiderationsarefactoredintofinaldecisions.
Emergency Preparedness and ResponseEmergencyplansareestablished,implemented,andmaintainedasdocumentedintheSRSEmergencyPlanandotherreferences.TheEmergencyPlanspecifiesprocedurestofacilitatetheidentificationofemergencysituationsandaccidentswiththepotentialtoimpacttheenvironment,andprovidesdefinitionsofappropriateresponsesandreportingcriteria.
SRSemergencyplansandprogramsincludeoccurrencescategorizedasenvironmentalemergencies.ProceduresanddocumentsthatguidetheEmergencyPreparednessProcessarespecifiedintheEMSDescriptionManual(internetlinkpreviouslyprovided).
Monitoring and MeasurementMonitoringandmeasurementmeansthattheenvironmentalimpactsofSRSoperationsaresampledandexaminedregularly.Thisincludeseffluent(radiologicalandnonradiological),compliance,performance,andequipment/facilitymonitoring(e.g.,calibrationofinstruments).Numerousproceduresandprocesses,manyofthemlistedintheEMSDescriptionManual,supportthisrequirement.Additionalinformationonenvironmentalmonitoring,environmentalsurveillance,andgroundwatermonitoringiscontainedinchapters4(“EffluentMonitoring”),5(“EnvironmentalSurveillance”),and7(“Groundwater”),respectively,ofthissiteenvironmentalreport.
Evaluation of ComplianceSpecificenvironmentallawsandregulationsareevaluatedandassessedonaprogram-orfacility-specificbasis.SRShasestablishedaprocessforperiodicallyevaluatingitscompliancewithrelevantenvironmentalregulations.ThisprocessiscapturedprimarilyintheS/RID,theSourceandComplianceDocument(SCD–4),
andvarioussiteimplementingmanualsandprocedures.Complianceevaluationsandassessmentsareintegratedintooperatingorganizations’environmental,safety,andhealthinspectionprocess,whichisperformedinaprioritizedfashionbyateamofexperts—includingoneonenvironmentalregulatoryissues.Periodically,environmentalsupportorganizationsconductregulatoryassessmentsinselectedtopicalareastoverifycompliance.Finally,externalregulatoryagenciesand/ortechnicalexpertsmayperformindependentcomplianceaudits.Additionalinformationonenvironmentalcomplianceiscontainedinchapter3ofthissiteenvironmentalreport.
Nonconformance; Corrective and Preventive ActionsNonconformanceandcorrectiveandpreventiveactionsincludeEMSnonconformanceasapartofthesite’squalityassurance(QA)program.TheapplicationofQAprocedures,therefore,supportsthetotalEMSprocess.Forexample,useofthenonconformancereportformappliestoenvironment-relatedequipment,instruments,facilities,andprocedures.Also,instancesofnonconformanceidentifiedbyassessmentsandevaluationsarerecordedanddispositionedaccordingtoestablishedprocedures.AdditionalQAinformationiscontainedinchapter8(“QualityAssurance”)ofthisenvironmentalreport.
Control of Records and DocumentsTheidentification,maintenance,anddispositionofenvironmentalrecordsanddocuments,requiredbyenvironmentalregulationsandDOEdirectives,arereflectedintheSRSEMS.Thesite’srecordsmanagementprogramsatisfiestherequirementforenvironmentalrecords.Specificdocumentation—suchasrecordsofcorrespondencewithregulatoryagencies,environmentaltrainingrecords,andEECs—isaddressedindepartment-levelprocedures.Forexample,RegulatoryIntegrationandEnvironmentalServicesmaintainsrecordsofcorrespondencewithregulatoryagencies.Environmentaltrainingrecordsaremaintainedbythelineorganizationrequiringandconductingthetraining,aswellasbytheSRSTrainingDepartment.EECscompletedbyfacilitiesforspecificactivitiesareforwardedtoandmaintainedbySRNS.AlistingofthesignificantrecordsanddocumentmanagementproceduresinuseatSRSisprovidedintheEMSDescriptionManual.
Internal AuditsSRSauditsareincorporatedintotheDOEand
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contractorassessmentprogramstoverifythatthesite’sEMSisfunctioningasintended.Performanceassessmentsincludeperformanceobjectivesandcriteriaformanagementsystemreview.Self-assessmentsareconductedinaccordancewithseniormanagement-approvedassessmentplans.SRSutilizesaFacilityEvaluationBoardtoconductindependentperformance-basedassessmentsofsiteprogramstosatisfycontractualandregulatoryobligations.
Management ReviewTheSRSEMSPolicyrequiresperiodicevaluationsofEMSeffectiveness.Guidelinesareintendedtofocusthemanagementreviewoncontinuousimprovement.OversightofSRS’sannualEMSreviewistheresponsibilityofDOE–SR’sEQMD.SeniormanagementreviewstheEMStoensureitscontinuingsuitability,adequacy,andeffectiveness.Reviewsincludeassessing(1)opportunitiesforimprovementand(2)theneedforchangestotheEMS.Recordsofmanagementreviewsareretainedinaccordancewithapplicableprocedures.
ConsistentwithdeclarationscontainedintheSRSEnvironmentalPolicyletterandtheEMSDescriptionManual,seniormanagementreviewsofimprovementopportunitiesandprogresstowardsustainableprogramgoalsarerequired.Implementationofthisrequirementisdemonstratedvia(1)numerousmanagementforums—includingthoseconductedbytheSEMC,EQMD,SRIT,andtheCORTeam—and(2)periodicdepartmental/projectperformancereviewsandreports.
Sustainability AccomplishmentsEMS Implementation
InaccordancewiththerequirementsofDOEOrder450.1A,anauditoftheEMSwasconductedbyaqualifiedoutsideparty,culminatinginaJune23,2009,“declarationofconformance.”Alongwiththeidentificationoffivenoteworthypractices,aformalcorrectiveactionplanwasdevelopedtoaddressoneminornonconformance,threeopportunitiesforimprovement,andtwoobservations.Allcorrectiveactionswereenteredintothesitecommitmenttrackingsystem.FromthatEMSaudit(andasreportedinthe2009siteenvironmentalreport),thefinalopenactionitemwasclosedduringthe2010reportingperiod,resolvingtheprocesswherebysignificantenvironmentalaspectsareevaluated.Aformalprocesswasdeveloped,documentedintheEMSDescriptionManualandimplementedviaarevisiontotheEEC.Aspreviouslynoted,theEECisanautomatedtoolfordocumentingtheevaluationofenvironmentalimpactsofproposedsite
operations.
Pollution Prevention / Waste Minimization
SRS’sprimaryobjectivewithrespecttopollutionprevention(P2)andwasteminimizationistopreventorreducepollutionatitssourcewheneverfeasible.InFY10,thesite’s10-percentwastereductiongoalforhazardousandradioactivewasteequatedto399cubicmeters,basedonforecastgenerationrates.Usingamodifiedpollutionpreventionopportunityassessmentprocess(referredtoasPollutionPreventionActivityForms–PPAF)approvedbyDOE–SR,23P2projectsweredocumentedandapprovedforcredit,resultingin838cubicmetersofhazardousandradioactivewasteavoidanceand/ordiversion.Thisexceededthesitegoalby110percentwhileavoidingmorethan$1.5millioninlabor,materials,andwastemanagementcosts.Datatable2–2(see“SRSEnvironmentalData/Maps”ontheCDaccompanyingthisreport)summarizesFY10pollutionpreventionandwasteminimizationcontributions.Asummaryofthetable(2–2)canbefoundonpage2-8.
Concurrently,SRSannuallyestablishesarecycleperformancetargetforitsroutinesanitarywastestream.Aroutinesanitarywasterecycletargetof35percentwasestablishedforFY10,withacontractstretchgoalofmorethan40percent.SRSdocumentedarecyclerateof38.8percentforthisstream,equatingto1,022metrictonsofroutinesanitarywastedivertedtorecyclemarkets.SRSdiverted594metrictonsofshreddedwoodwaste,1,346metrictonsofscrapmetal,and103metrictonsofscrapfurniture.Additionally,theChemicalManagementCenter(CMC)distributedforre-usemorethan84,773poundsofchemicalsinFY10,thusavoidingmorethan$1.2millioninchemicalacquisitionandwastemanagementcosts.
Energy Intensity
WithregardtothecurrentDOEdirectivetomeetorexceeda30-percentreductioninenergyintensity(energyconsumptionpergrosssquarefootofbuildingspace,includingindustrialandlaboratoryfacilities)byFY15comparedtotheFY03baselineyear,SRSisontracktomeetorexceedthe30-percentgoal,havingrealizeda20.6-percentdecreasefromFY03throughFY10.The20.6-percentdecreasefactorsinanincreaseof3.3percentfromFY09toFY10,whichreflectsmajorregionalweatherimpacts,increasedAmericanReinvestment&RecoveryAct(ARRA)workandstaffinglevels,andacross-the-boardincreasesinproductionandmission-supportenergyuseduringtheperiod.AsSRS’sMixedOxide(MOX)FuelFabricationFacilityandSaltWasteProcessingFacilitybecomeoperational,thesite’seffortstomeettheenergyintensity
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goalwillbechallenged.Figure2–2illustratesthiscomparisonagainstthecurrentbaseline.
Renewable EnergySRShasonebiomasssteamplantinpermanentoperationtoserviceAAreaandtheSavannahRiverNationalLaboratory(SRNL).ThesitecompletedconstructionandstartupoftwoadditionalbiomassboilersinKAreaandLAreainFY10.ConstructiononanewBiomassCogenerationFacilitynearFArea
continued,withstartupexpectedinFY12.Withrespecttorenewableenergycertificates,SRSconsumedmorethan313,000megawatt-hoursofelectricityinFY07.ThenewBiomassCogenerationFacilitywillgenerateanestimated77,500megawatt-hoursofelectricityinitsfirstyearofoperation.Thisproductionratewillbewellabovethe7.5-percentstatutorygoalforenergyconsumptionthatmustcomefromrenewableenergysourcesforFY13andthereafter.
Description Waste Type Life Cycle Savings
Culvert Opening Area Cleanup Waste Mixed Low-Level Waste (LLW) $43,520
Reuse of Asbestos Gaskets from K Area LLW $848
Rollback 105–L 910 Fan Room LLW $21,330
Modular Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction Unit (MCU) Debris to Seven Springs Landfill Avoids LLW
LLW $200,550
Segregation and Recycling of Circuit Boards Hazardous Waste (HW) ($770)
SmartPlant Foundation (SPF) Tuff Tank (Polyethylene Tank for Liquid Storage and Transport) Frames to Sanitary Special Waste
LLW $1,172
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Waste Reduction – K Area Complex (KAC) Shuffler Project
Mixed Toxic Substances Compliance Act (TSCA) Waste
$15,857
Recycling of Lead X-Ray Sheets HW $2,305
H–12 Outfall Experimental Peat Bed D&R LLW $26,211
Reuse of Concrete Culverts Avoids Use of 24 New B–25 (Storage and Transport) Containers per Year
Sanitary $161,400
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB) Tool Decontamination and Reuse
Mixed TSCA $112,030
Radioactive Liquids Managed as Scavenger Wastewater LLW $8,336
Bagging Process Water Deionizers @ K Area LLW $63,900
Recycle DOE-Suspension Nonradioactive Lead HW $53,810
Recycle DOE-Suspension Radioactive Contaminated Lead
Mixed LLW $236,318
Large Steel Box (LSB) Dewatering Savings Mixed LLW $83,252
Liquid Waste Tank Farm Debris to Seven Springs Landfill LLW $82,950
776–A Area Rollbacks from Contaminated Areas (CA) to Radiological Buffer Areas (RBA)
LLW $124,830
Admin Controls Improve LLW Segregation LLW $14,490
Legacy TRU Waste Segregation to LLW TRU $701,380
Bagging Reactor Process Water Deionizers for ILV Waste Disposal
LLW $95,850
RCRA Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA) Reduction at Tritium Operations
LLW $78,966
Radioactive Lead Recycled by LWO Mixed LLW $271,240
Tritiated Soil and Debris Remediation LLW $610,500
Table 2–2 2010 SRS Pollution Prevention Activities (Summary)
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ThefourSRSbiomassplantswerefundedusingenergysavingsperformancecontracts.TheoperationalAAreaplant’stotalprojectcostwas$13.8million,withanannualsavingsaverageofmorethan$1.5million.Thefacilityreturn-on-investmentperiod(termofthecontract)is9years.
ThepositiverenewableandenvironmentalimpactsoftheAArea/SRNLprojectduring2010wereasfollows:• Coalutilizationreducedbymorethan12,000tons• Biomassutilizationincreasedbynearly27,000tons• Particulatematter(PM)emissionsreduced(PM
from411tons/yearto7.36tons/year,andPM(10microns)from300tons/yearto4.38tons/year)
• Sulfurdioxideemissionsreducedfrom1,836tons/yearto4.38tons/year
• Nitrousoxideemissionsreducedfrom256.7tons/yearto35tons/year
• Carbonmonoxideemissionsreducedfrom120.8tons/yearto105.1tons/year
• Ashgenerationanddisposalreducedfrom2,260tons/yearto300–600tons/year
• CompliancewithCleanAirandWaterActstan-dardsfacilitated
Water Management
Potablewaterconsumptionwasreducedby27percentinFY10comparedwiththebaselineyearofFY00,andbynearly2percentbetweenFY09andFY10.Whencombiningtotalpotableandprocesswateruse,SRSrealizedaconsumptiondecreaseofapproximately12.3percentfromFY09toFY10,despiteincreasesinARRAstaffingandprojects(seefigure2–3).
Alternative Fuel
E85(85%ethanol)fuelaccountedfor54.5percentofSRS’sE85andgasolineusageinFY10.About81percentofthesite’slight-dutyfleetconsistsofE85vehiclesorhybrids.Intheinitialyearofalternativefueluse(FY00),SRSconsumedabout80,000gallonsofE85.BytheendofFY10,thisconsumptiontotalhadrisentomorethan368,000gallons.Theresultisanincreaseof350percentsinceinitiationofthisfuelchoice,whichfarexceedstheend-stategoalofa10-percentannualincrease.Figure2–4visualizestheincreaseduseofalternativefuelusesinceFY01.
Transportation/Fleet Management
SinceFY99,SRShasreducedfleetpetroleumuseby46percent(Note:FY10fueldatawasdeterminedusingpre-FederalAutomotiveStatisticalToolinputs).Sincethenewbaseyearforreporting(FY05),SRShasreducedfleetpetroleumuseby9.76percent—adecreaseofabout1.5percentthroughFY09.SRSpetroleumconsumption(combinedgasolineanddiesel)increased
Figure 2–2 DOE–SR Energy Reduction Performance
Figure 2–3 Domestic/Process Water Reduction Performance
Figure 2–4 Increased E85 Usage at SRS
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bynearly21percentfromFY09toFY10,primarilyduetoanincreaseinARRA/stimulusstaffingandscope.AnadditionalcontributortotheincreasewasaDOE–HQmandatetouseapproximately60hybridgasolinevehiclesatSRS.BecausethehybridvehiclescannotuseblendedE85fuel,thismandateincreasedthesite’suseofunblendedgasoline.However,thesiteisontracktomeettheoverallDOEreductiongoalof2percentannuallythroughFY15,havingrealizeda10-percentpetroleumreductionthroughFY10,comparedtotheFY05baselineyear.Figure2–5demonstratesthereductioninSRSgasolineusesinceFY01.(NOTE:TheFY10increaseisattributabletoanincreaseinfleetsizeanduseassociatedwithARRA/stimulusactivities.)
Contracts & Concession Agreements
TheSRNSProcurementDepartmenthasimplementedprocedurestoencourageacquisitionsthatcomplywithenvironmentalrequirementsasevidencedthroughvariouscontract-relateddocuments,including(butnotlimitedto)“TermsandConditions”document(theparagraphentitled“EnvironmentalCompliance”)and“RequestforProposal”document(theparagraphentitled,“EnvironmentallyPreferredProducts”).Additionally,internallypublishedproceduresaredocumentedinthesite’sProcurementSpecificationsManualandChemicalManagementManual,andanumberofprocurementrequirementdocumentsareavailableontheSRSexternalwebsitetofacilitateunderstandingofSRSenvironmentallyfriendlyrequirementsbycurrentand/orpotentialvendorsandsubcontractors.Asoftheendof2010,mostEnvironmentallyPreferredProductprocurementinitiativeshaveyieldedsuccess—primarilyintheacquisitionofjanitorialsupportandsafetyfunctions.
TheProcurementDepartmenthasnotimplemented
adedicatedcampaigntocompleteacomprehensiveevaluationofexistingcontracts.Rather,itstimelineregardingmodification(s)to“appropriatecontracts”istoaddressemergentenvironmentalrequirementsasthecontract(s)comeupforrenewalorrebidwhilereviewsofdefinedrolesandresponsibilitiesareroutinelyconductedduringthecourseofservicesdelivery.
Eitherimprovementsto,orreplacementof,existingProcurementdatabasesmustbecompletedtocapturedatadetailthatsupportstracking/trendingandprocessimprovementinitiatives.AcampaignisunderwaytoupgradeallautomatedbusinesssystemsandamongthosearetheProcurementapplications,whicharescheduledforimplementationinOctober2011.
High-Performance Sustainable Buildings – New Construction
DOEOrder430.2B(“DepartmentalEnergy,RenewableEnergy,andTransportationManagement”)stipulatesthatallnewbuildingsandmajorrenovationsinthestagesofpreprojectplanning(approvalofmissionneed)throughconceptualdesign(approvalofpreliminarybaselinerange)thathavenotobtainedpreliminarydesignapproval—andthathaveavalueexceeding$5million—mustachievetheU.S.GreenBuildingCouncil’sLeadershipinEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign(LEED®)Goldcertification.Also,totheextentpossible,andinconsiderationoflife-cyclecostfactors,suchbuildingsmustmeettheGuidingPrinciplesforFederalLeadershipinHigh-PerformanceandSustainableBuildings(“HPSBs”).Anybuildingsbeloworequaltothe$5-millionthresholdalsomustmeettheGuidingPrinciples.
SupportfortheseobjectivesisevidentintheMOXFuelFabricationFacilityadministrationbuilding,whichreceivedLEED®GoldcertificationinFY10.Thismarksamajormilestone,andthefacilityisthefirstatSRStoachievethiscertificationstatus.Additionally,theMOX-associatedtechnicalsupportbuilding,whichwillbeusedforentrycontrol/securityandadministrationassociatedwiththeprimaryprocessbuilding,isinthedesignstageandisincorporatingLEED®-Goldcertificationrequirementsaspartofitsdesign.
SRSdevelopedandsubmittedthreeCriticalDecisionPackagesforDOE–HQapprovalduringFY10,asfollows:• Approve Alternative Selection - Pit Disassembly
and Conversion Project –proposesalternativesforconstructingthePitDisassemblyandConversionProjectwithinexistingfacilitiesatSRS,primarilyintheK-AreaComplex.
Figure 2–5 SRS Gasoline Reduction Performance
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• Mission Need Package - Vacate Building 703-A Project (Savannah River Site Operations Center/ Emergency Operations Center; SRSOC/EOC)–proposestoconstructanewSRSOC/EOCinamodernstructureofapproximately20,000squarefeet,housingandconsolidatingtheSRSemergencyresponseorganizationandtheSRS24/7Fire,Medical,and