Environmental Fate Modelling - Uni Koblenz-Landau · · 2016-12-08Environmental Fate Modelling...

Regulatory Affairs Product Safety Consulting Training

Environmental Fate Modelling

February 23rd 2012


FOCUS STEP 4

23 February 2012 FOCUSsw - Part I 2

Any questions about yesterday?


RECAPITULATION


Assumptions at Step 1:

• Entry routes: Spray drift, runoff, drainage

• Application: the total dose rate is applied as

one single application

• Substance data: DT50 total system, solubility

in water, Koc value

• Use related assumption: spray drift values for

a single application


RECAPITULATION


Assumptions in Step 2:

• Entry routes: spray drift, runoff, drainage

• Application rate for multiple applications (g/ha)

• Specification of the season of application

• Substance properties: DT50 total system, solubility in water,

KOC value, DT50 soil, DT50 water, DT50 sediment

• Use related assumptions: spray drift values for multiple

applications, interception valueSous

• Regional specification: Northern and Southern Europe

North

South


RECAPITULATION


Assumptions in Step 3:

• Entry routes: Spray drift, runoff, drainage

• Application rate for multiple applications (g/ha)

• Specification of the season of application and of the

chemical application method

• Substance properties: DT50 total system, solubility in

water, KOC value, DT50 soil, DT50 water, DT50 sediment and

vapour pressure

• Use related assumptions: spray drift values for multiple

applications, interception values, application window

• Regional specification of 10 scenarios across Europe


RECAPITULTION

FOCUS sw scenarios

10 locations :

– 6 drainage scenarios

– 4 runoff scenarios

– Spray drift occurring at all locations


Lanna

Skousbo

Brimston Vredepeel

La Jailliere

Thiva

Weiherbach

BolognaPorto

Roujan


FOCUS STEP 4


What about today?


FOCUS STEP 4


− Step 4 Theory

− Step 4 Excercise

− Excercise

What about today?



FOCUS STEP 4

STEP 1: Single application, one standard scenario

STEP 2: Multiple application, two standard scenarios (North and South Europe)

STEP 3: 10 realistic worst case scenarios

STEP 4: Refined modelling



FOCUS STEP 4


Step 4 modelling options:

• Changes to the modelling to incorporate the use of risk mitigation measure

• Changes to individual model parameters

substance or GAP related refinements

• Complex refinements

creation of new scenarios, use of monitoring data, probabilisticapproaches, catchment models (GIS)


FOCUS STEP 4


FOCUS surface water Steps 1-3 represents a harmonised approach for conducting lower-tier exposure assessments

Guidance is also needed to manage the risks identified at Step 3 level

� FOCUS Working Group on Landscape and Mitigation Factors in Ecological Risk Assessment*

Recommendations for

• Higher tier exposure assessments

• Implementation of mitigation measures

* FOCUS (2007). “Landscape And Mitigation Factors In Aquatic Risk Assessment. Volume 1. Extended Summary and Recommendations”. Report of the FOCUS Working Group on Landscape and Mitigation Factors in Ecological Risk Assessment, EC Document Reference SANCO/10422/2005 v2.0 169 pp.


FOCUS STEP 4


Sup-topics of FOCUS L&M:

� Development of harmonised approaches to mitigation measures

� Incorporating modelling refinements and mitigation into the aquatic exposure assessment at Step 4

� Methods and data for describing agricultural landscapes

� Ecological considerations in landscape assessment


FOCUS STEP 4

Reducing of risk with

• Drift buffer (drift buffer & nozzle reduction)

• Runoff entries (vegtated filter strips)

• Drainage entries

• All entry pathways



FOCUS STEP 4 – NO-SPRAY ZONES


Mitigation option to reduce spray drift entries: buffer strip (no-spray zone)

Reduced spray drift values (Rautmann-values)

Safe use demonstrated using a drift rate of 0.29% in the modelling

�� Managemnt measure: 10m buffer between field and water body


FOCUS STEP 4 - SDRT


Mitigation option to reduce spray drift entries: Spray drift reducing technology (SDRT)

Reduced losses via spray drift when drift reducing spray nozzles are used

during applications

Classification by percent reduction:

• 50% reduction

• 75% reduction

• 90% reduction

• 99% reduction (only few products exist)


FOCUS STEP 4

SDRT – Spray Drift Reduction Technology


Reference cross flow spraying machine (Munckhof) Wanner sprayer with reflection shields

Quelle: LfL

Quelle: Wenneker & van de Zande (2008)


FOCUS STEP 4 -VFS

Vegetated Filter Strips (VFS)



FOCUS STEP 4 - DRAINAGE


Mitigation option to reduce drainage losses:

Reduction of the application rate

�similar reduction of substance losses with drainflow

Restriction of the application window

�avoiding applications before the winter drainflow period


FOCUS STEP 4 – INPUT PARAMETERS


Refinement of Step 3 Input-Parameters

- Chemical input parameters (sorption, degradation on plant surface,

wash-off factor from crop surface, additional water sediment

studies, dissipation processes)

- Application data

- BBCH-stage


FOCUS STEP 4 – LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS


Further mitigation options:

• Landscape analysis

– Focusing on specific regions or catchments

– Implementing real conditions

(size of upstream catchment, 10% of area treated,…)

– Refine the model simulations using real environmental data (soil, climate)

– Spacial analysis (GIS analysis)


FOCUS STEP 4 – LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS


0 100 200 300 40050Meters

Landcover Class

Arable Crop

Bare

Brush

Grass

Orchard Crops

Trees

Urban

Vine Crops

Landscape analysis Statistical evaluations of crop density and distances between crops and adjacent surface water can be obtained using GIS analyses of aerial or satellite imagery


FOCUS STEP 4

Risk mitigation



FOCUS STEP 4

SWAN-Tool (Surface Water Assessment eNabler)• Developed from ECPA (European Crop Protection

Association)• Step 4 Modelling with mitigation measures

• Mitigation measures according to FOCUS L&M (Run-off and drift mitigation)



FOCUS STEP 4

Drift mitigation�No-spray buffer zones�Nozzle reduction

Run-off�VFS (10m or 20m)



FOCUS STEP 4


� FOCUS Landscape&Mitigation guidance (2007, vol. 1, S. 33)

FOCUS L&M Runoff-values


FOCUS STEP 4



FOCUS STEP 4


Choose existing Step 3 Project


FOCUS STEP 4


Create new folder and use as output project.


FOCUS STEP 4


Select mitigation options to

be applied!


FOCUS STEP 4


Runoff-Mitigation; different factors

(10m or 20m) can be applied

� According to FOCUS L&M (2007, vol. 1), table 7, p. 33


FOCUS STEP 4


Nozzle reduction

Select buffer width

(Drop down menu)


FOCUS STEP 4


Set to run TOSWA

immediately

Creates inut files


FOCUS STEP 4



FOCUS STEP 4


TOXSWA run with selected mitigation measures


FOCUS STEP 4


SWAN log file with selected mitigation options


FOCUS STEP 4


Results for the TOXSWA Runs


FOCUS STEP 4



FOCUS STEP 4


Go to SWAN_log.txt to check the mitigation options chosen


FOCUS STEP 4


Check mitigation

measures


FOCUS STEP 4


Results are displayed

in xxxx.sum; identical

to Step 3


FOCUS STEP 4


Step 4 Excercise with SWAN:

Calculations (Use existing Step 3 calculations: Excercise Step 3)

1. 10 m no-spray buffer zones

2. 10 m with no-spray buffer zone and VFS (60% runoff volume, runoff

flux, 85% bei erosion mass, erosion flux => Input with 0.6 and 0.85)

3. 20 m no-spray buffer zones

4. 20 m with no-spray buffer zone and VFS (80% runoff volume, runoff flux,

95% erosion mass, erosion flux => Input with 0.8 and 0.95)

� Deposition should not be considered!!


FOCUS STEP 4


Presentations of results


FOCUS STEP 4


Step 4 Excercise with SWAN – Results for Step 4:

R4s PECsw(µg/L)

PECsed(µg/kg)

Main entry

10m drift buffer 18.888 3.040 Spray

10m drift & runoff

buffer

18.888 3.040 Spray

20m drift buffer 4.889 1.632 Spray

20m drift &runoff

buffer

4.889 0.805 Spray

Regulatory Affairs Product Safety Consulting Training23 February 2012 FOCUSsw - Part I 45

LUNCH


FOCUS STEP 1-4


Excercise –Group Work 1-10


FOCUS STEP 1-4


Results

Environmental Fate Modelling - Uni Koblenz-Landau · · 2016-12-08Environmental Fate Modelling...

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Transcript of Environmental Fate Modelling - Uni Koblenz-Landau · · 2016-12-08Environmental Fate Modelling...