Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind...

18
Future Ocean Kiel Marketplace Kiel Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energy 05.07.2017 www.underwatermunitions.de Claus Böttcher © NOAA Future Ocean Kiel Marketplace Kiel Who is speaking State Gov. of Schleswig-Holstein (Ministry for Energy, Agriculture, the Environment, Nature and Digitisation) co-author and co- developer of the growing project www.underwatermunitions.de managing director of BLANO Expert group on underwater munitions, Germany 05.07.2017 www.underwatermunitions.de Claus Böttcher

Transcript of Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind...

Page 1: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Environmental Aspects ofOffshore Wind Energy

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Claus Böttcher © NOAA

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Who is speaking

• State Gov. ofSchleswig-Holstein(Ministry for Energy,Agriculture, the Environment,Nature and Digitisation)

• co-author and co-developer of thegrowing projectwww.underwatermunitions.de

• managing director ofBLANO Expert groupon underwatermunitions, Germany

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Claus Böttcher

Page 2: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Do you remember?

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Artillery shells on seabed

Windfarm Riffgat:grand opening - without powerline

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Did you notice?

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

• Moored sea mine floated off Windfarm „Godewind“ onJanuary, 10th

• Detonated on purposenext day, close to port ofWilhelmshaven

Page 3: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel 05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Examples from German Media (Year 2012)

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

05.07.2017

Page 4: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Kalifornien (D)The boy with yellow hands

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

End Juli 2012 – tourist beach close to Kalifornien,Municipality Schönberg, Kreis Plön, Schleswig-Holstein

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

What about?

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Warfar material

pay load

Chemicalwarfare agent

Explosive orIgnition agent

Fuse

Chemicalwarfare agent

contained or louse

Page 5: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Pathways & fate of sea dumpedwarfare material

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

MVG = former munitions dumping area

Aging &corrosion

Point source ofcontamination

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Offshore Wind & minecountermeasures during WW II

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Page 6: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Offshore power- and pipe lines &likelyhood to encounter large WW II UXO

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

10 large munition items

26 large munition items

20 large munition itemsEncounters2016: 92015: 362014: + 162013: 30 t www.underw

atermunitions.de

05.07.2017

> 30 t

Page 7: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Dumping of chemical weapons

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Chemical Munitions and barrels with S-Lost on Board of “Marcy” atNordenham (Bremerhaven) – dumped under supervision ofU.S. Military Administration in Germany in the Skagerrak.

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel 05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

KC 250 TabunChemical bombdumped: 28.04-03.05.1945remediated: 1960

Moored mines Baltic Sea

15 cm Tabun Shelldumped: 28.04.1945

remediated: 1960

Page 8: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Environmental impact

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Problem areas

CorrosionRelease of chemicalcompounds into sea waterand sediment

Noise of blastset. al. Risk fordivers and seamammals.

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Sea dumped chemical weapons –Northeast Atlantic

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

© Google Earth + http://cns.miis.edu

Page 9: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

NATIONAL PROGRAM ONUNDERWATER MUNITIONS

Future Ocean – Kiel Marketplace

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Milestones

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

1969/71

Report „Chemical munitions in southern andwestern Baltic“ (Fed. Maritime Agency, 1993)

„Jäckel-Report“ on offshore dumping ofchemical munitions (Min. of Defense)

1993

Update und expansion ofthe study of FMA from 1993

geographically on German territorial waters

thematically on conventional munitions

2009

WG

1940er

Page 10: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

BLMP-Report (Effective 2011)

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

BLMP-Bericht„Munitions in German Marine Waters -

Stocktaking and Recommendations(Effective 2011)”

December 5th, 2011

app. 1,100 pages

Cross-administrativeworking group offederal and coastalstates representatives

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Overall assessment (Effective 2011)

Currently, it is not discernible that a large-scale threat to the marine environment

exists beyond the local area ofmunitions contaminated areas,

nor is any foreseeable in the future.

Hazards exists for people involved inactivities bringing them into direct contactwith the sea floor of the North and Baltic

Seas.05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Page 11: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Simplified Chart onmunitions-contaminated areas (2011)

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

German part of North Seard. 1.300.000 t

rd. 90 t

German part of Baltic Seard. 300.000 t

rd. 5.000 t

Munitionsconventional

chemical

Number and density of symbols do notreflect the magnitude of

potential munitions contamination.(t = metric tons)!

munitions dumpsitesmunitions-contaminated areasuspected munitions-contaminated area

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

AIMS OF THEGERMAN PROGRAM ON…

Future Oceans – Kiel Marketplace

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Page 12: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Notification and reporting system

• Incidents with– UXO, DMM or

munitionsconstituents offshore:

– Explosives, ChemicalWarfare Agents(CWA) or whitePhosphorus

• Unified vocal pointfounded recently

• Operational 2013

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Reports of incidents

148 117 218 2640

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

2013 2014 2015 2016

ReportsMun. Items

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Page 13: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Research in German undInternational Military archives

• German Federal Archives– Department Military Archive (Freiburg)– German Military History Office

• Municipal and local archives– Sea port records– Village and town chronicles

• International archives– Imperial War Museum (London)– The National Archive, Washington DC.– Archive of Allied Forces Council (WW II)

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Are these mines anywhere?

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

The traffic system of constraint routes:

4 Halifax and43 StirlingAircrafts

deployed groundmines -

9 mines havefallen on land

Page 14: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

British ground mine Mark VI

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

20

40

20

35

55

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Re-located

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

The munitions cadastre

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

https://www.amucad.org

Page 15: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Transparency & awareness

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

„Living document“

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

• Annualupdates

Page 16: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Experiments with Bundeswehr TechnicalCenter for Ships and Naval Weapons

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Abb. Nützel(WTD 71)

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

„Bionicles“ for UXO recovery

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d eProf. Staubach, Nadal – Weißensee Kunsthochschule, Berlin 2013

Page 17: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Explosives & marine ecosystem

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Source: https://www.boell.de/en/oceanatlas

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel

Homepages of projects

• CHEMSEA – chemical munitions– www.chemsea.eu

• DAIMON – decision support– www.daimonproject.com

• UDEMM – explosives in marine environment– https://udemm.geomar.de

• RoBEMM – robotic remediation– www.munitionsraeumung-meer.de

• MUNITECT – efficient sensors– www.munitect.de

• USA – projects of DoD– https://www.serdp-estcp.org

05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e

Page 18: Environmental Aspects of Offshore Wind Energyfileserver.futureocean.org/wissenstransfer/munitions_boettcher.pdf · exists beyond the local area of munitions contaminated areas, nor

Future OceanKiel Marketplace

Kiel 05.07.2017

w w w . u n d e r w a t e r m u n i t i o n s . d e