environmental affairs PPL~T ~SKOM · 2019. 7. 1. · environmental affairs Department:...

environmental affairs Department: Environmental Affairs REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

RISK ASSESSMENT IN TERMS OF REGULATION 8 OF THE WASTE

EXCLUSION REGULATIONS

~PPL~T ~SKOM HOLDINGS SOC Ltd

WASTE STREAM ESKOM FRESH (NON WEATHERED) ASH: Inclusive of R PORTION OF .

A WASTE Pulvensed Fly Ash:

STREAM Pulverised coal fired boiler ash is a term for ash generated within a power station electricity generation process and

is derived from firing boilers with pulverised coal. The ash is taken from the boiler prior to conditioning. This is the type

of ash that is being considered for beneficial use.

Course Ash I Bottom Ash. : Bottom ash is part of the non-combustible residue of combustion in a power station. It accumulates and is collected

from the bottom of the boiler and has therefore not gone through a precipitator or filtering process.

Clinker Ash:

Clinker ash is obtained from a chain grate boiler process that was used in the older power stations. This ash forms

larger clinkers that closely resemble stone formations.

Run of Station Ash

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s

The practice of, under Station contingency, having to temporary dump quantities of fly ash in a designated area for

later transportation to the ash dumps.

CenospHeres

CenospHeres are recovered from the surface of ash disposal ponds and are of similar chemical composition to ash.

Due to a particle density of less than 1.0 kg/cm3 they float on the water.

-Cementitious - Cement, Brick and Block Making

I BENEFICIAL USE/S Geopolymers - including all cast products, eg Paving, Poles, Curb stones

I

f-- r--

Filler Applications - including but not limited to Ceramics, Paint, Rubber, Glue

Zeolites production

Metal and Mineral extraction

Mineral fibre production

-WASTE GENERATING FACILITY

- -PHYSICAL POWER STATION NAME COAlfiELDS Location

ADDRESS OF ArnotPS Witbank Rietkuil, 50km E of Middleburg FACILITY

camden PS Witbank 15km E of Ermelo

DuvhaPS Witbank 15km E of Witbank

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Grootvlei PS Witbank Near Balfour In Mpumalanga

Hendrina PS Witbank Pullenshope, 40km·S MiddlebufB

Kendal PS Witbank Near Ogles, 40km SW of .Witbank

Komati PS Witbank Komati, 37 km from Middleburg

Kriel PS Witbank Between Kriel and Ogles

Lethabo PS Free State Between Vereeniging and Sasolburg

Majuba PS Witbank Between Volksrust and Amersfort

Matimba PS Waterburg LepHalale

Matla PS Witbank Between Krlel and Secunda

TutukaPS Witbank 2Skm from Standerton road to Bethal

Medupi PS (Partially operational) Waterburg LepHalale

Kusile PS (Partially operational) Witbank Nkangala district, Mpumalanga

-Kimberley BW Clinker Dump Blankenbergvlei Power StC!tion

Kimberley

Witbank Clinker Dump Witbank

-Page3of23

-

-GPSCO-ORDINATES OF The co-ordinates of all Eskom Power stations are included in an AQQendix attached to this aQQiication. WASTE THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT '"ALL CORNERS" OF THE WASTE GENERATION FACILITY AS REQUIRED BY THE GENERATING

APPLICATION. SEVERAL CO-ORDINATES ARE REQUIRED TO IDENTIFY THE IRREGULAR SHAPE OF ESKOM ASH FACILITY GENERATING FACILITIES. THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT THE BOUNDARIES OF THE POWER STATION PROPERTY

WHICH WOULD INCLUDE ALL POSSIBLE ASH TAKE OFF SITES .

CONTACT PERSON

NAME WARREN FUNSTON -

ADDRESS MEGAWATI PARK, MAXWELL DRIVE, SANDTON -- 1-

EMAIL ADDRESS Warren.funston ~Pleskom.co.za

TELEPHONE 011 8004309 -

*DETAILED Coal can be defined as an inhomogeneous mixture of numerous types of metamorphosed plant material.

DESCRIPTION Power generation in South Africa, largely depends on coat Most of the coal has been found to be of low OF WASTE GENERATING quality with a low heat value and containing a significant amount of inorganic (incombustible) contaminants, PROCESS i.e. yielding high ash content as a result of coal burning process. Generally, all the inorganic material is not

removed from the coal and becomes an integral part of the carbonaceous fuel fed to the boiler during the power

generation process. The inorganic materials result in ash contents ultimately.

Ash can be described as the ~ust-like material that results from the combustion of either hard (bituminous)

Page4of23

-- -- -coal or brown coal (lignite) in a wide variety of combustion processes such as power plant furnaces and

fluidized bed boilers, and which is recovered from the flue gas by electrostatic or mechanical precipitation.

- -- --Ash characterlstion

Fly ash Course-ash I

~~ WaSTE.>

Hazardou• Why TettuttHf HazardOU!> Type Tes• Ll'led

-- - - 1- ---- -Arnot Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3

~:: No 3 SANS 10234

-- --r- - 1-- -- -pH above 11.5 Human Health

3 3 Camden Yes ca>t% Environmental No SANS 10234

-- - - -- f-Ouvha Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 10234 No 3 SANS 10234

-- -- -- -Grootvlei Ves pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS10234

- ~ SANS 1.0234 -- -- '-

Hendrina Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 No 3 SANS 10234

-- ~

Kendal Ves pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS 10234

-- -pH above 11.5 Human Health

3 3 Komati Yes ca>t% Environmental SANS 10234 No SANS 10234

- - -- -.-- -I- -'---- - - -- -Kriel Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS 10234

Kusile f--

-- --- - -- -- -- - -- ~

Lethabo No 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS 10234

Page5of23

-Majuba Yes I pH above 11.5 HumanHeak~ 3 SANS10234 No 3 SAN$10234

-Matimba Yes pH above 11.5 Human Heah:h 3 SANS10234 No 3 SAN$10234

Matla Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health I 3 SANS10234 No 3 SANS 10234

-Medupl No ~Sl~M No 3 SANS 10234

Tutuka Yes pH above 11.5 Human Health 3 SANS 10234 No 3 SANS10234

PRODUCTION PROCESS FLOW YESX NO CHART ATTACHED

Page6of23

INSIDE POWER PlANT

WASTE CLASSIFICATION SANS 10234:

HAZARDOUS WASTE X

. . REPORT ON RESULTS. OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT ATTACHED

*A process flow chart must be attache~ to the process description

~ GENERAL WASTE

~-L-YES X ______ _..! NO

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RISK ASSESSEMENT

ASH USES

I l Environmental Activity Risk Description Assessment of CrJteria Significance j Receptor

I --I l lnteraction Off Interaction with Take

Transport Storage with soil ground

Ash as a fiBer water

Cementitious uses -Cement X X X

Bricks X X X

Blocks X X X

Non-Ceme-~ x X

Geo-pol mers x 1_ x - !____

True fillers

~~m~ $ X

Rubber x x X -Paints X X X -

Bitumen X X X - -Metal/Mineral extraction X X X - I - -

Page8of23

r

b Q) I - '0 c ,.J :a :J 0 0 ru ~ ·-~ .... Q) C'O .0 tn C'O ii J1 0 '-

-- ---- - -- ~ ~ ~ -~ Dust generated in large quantities Nearby -- botanical-! L 1 - 2 ·- 1 1 4

during the on and I or offloading species including

might contaminate nearby natural agricultural crops.

botanical species and agricultural Nearby natural crops by settling on the plant leaves, (groundwater or stems or flowers.

In large quantities, ash dust might surface water) or man made water sources or Transport of settle on water body surfaces and water bodies Fly Ash. be ingested by aquatic vertebrates

and invertebrates. Vertebrate or

Although ash· has been shown to invertebrate aquatic

increase the pH of the soil, certain life

soils might b~ contaminate.~ with Air polluti n large and conbnuous depos1bon of I 0

ash dust. Soil Pollution ,---

AcCidental spillages during loading Nearby botanical ! L 4 4 1 1 24 and unloading of vehicles. Dust will species including be Jess of a factor in the handling of agricultural crops. course I bottom ash. Spillages

Transport of during the on and I or offloading Nearby natural Bottom I might contaminate nearby natural (groundwater or course ash botanical species and agricultural surface water) or man

crops by settling on· the plant leaves, made water sources or stems or flowers. · water bodies

I

Althou_gh ash has b~en shown JQ_._yertebrate or I of23

increase the pH of the soil, certain invertebrate aquatic soils might be contaminated with life large and continuous deposition of ash spillage Soil Pollution

Spillage of ash or water containing Nearby botanical L 1 8 2 2 12 ash from the transport vehicles on species including route to the ash users. Dust agricultural crops. generated in large quantities during the on and I or offioading might Nearby natural contaminate nearby natural (groundwater or botanical species and agricultural surface water) or man crops by settling on the plant leaves, made water sources or stems or flowers. water bodies

Transport of In large quantities, ash dust might all Ash settle on water body surfaces and Vertebrate or

be ingested by aquatic vertebrates invertebrate aquatic and invertebrates. life

Although ash has been shown to Air pollution increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with Soil Pollution large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

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5

-1 Vehides In poor condition or Nearby botanical l 1 8 2 3 13 inadequate to transport ash will species including facilitate uncontrolled spillages . of agricultural crops. ash. Dust generated in large quantities during the on and I or Nearby natural offloading might contaminate nearby (groundwater or natural botanical species and surface water) or man

Transport of agricultural crops by settling on the made water sources or all Ash . plant leaves, stems or flowers. water bodies . Compliance In large quantities, ash dust might of vehicle to settle on water body surfaces and Vertebrate or Road traffic be Ingested by aquatic vertebrates invertebrate _aquatic Act and invertebrates. life

Although ash has been shown to Air pollution increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with Soil Pollution large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

I

Soil contamination by ash stored at Natural and man-made l 1 6 2 1 9 the user facility. Fresh Fly ash will surface water bodies be stored in tankers or closed bins I and Groundwater. containers and it remains Soil contamination improbable that any contamination

Storage of will occur.

Ash Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic fife. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to

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groundwater aquifers. Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated ash

I spillages.

Groundwater contamination by ash Natural and man-made L 1 4 2 1 7 stored at the user facility. Fresh Fly surface water bodies ash will be stored in tankers or and Groundwater. closed bins I containers and it remains improbable that any contamination will occur

Storage of Ash spillages in liquid fonn could Ash contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers

Surface water contamination by ash Natural and man-made -L 2 t-

2 2 1 10 storage at the user facility. Fresh surface water bodies Fly ash will be stored in tankers or and closed bins I containers and it

Storage of remains improbable that any Ash contamination will occur

I

Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be detrimental to vertebrate and

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1-

invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers.

Leachate contaminants may be transported by stormwater runoff

Potential for stockpiled ash to into nearby drainage lines, streams

and rivers resulting in secondary impacts. They may also percolate into the groundwater resulting in secondary impacts on the aquifer.

generate leachate during rainfall

Construction and design of an ash handeling

Ash facilities . which are poorly ventilated will cause possible health impacts. Poorly ventilated ash workplaces will likely result in health symptoms and skin and dermal

atnd/ or irritations associated with ash s orage rt' 1 • f facility I pa IC e mges 1on.

I Ash facilities close to natural water Construction bodies will cause possible soil or and design of water contamination. Spillage or an ash dust blown particles if in large handling and/ enough quantities, might or storage contaminate natural and man-made facility surface water bodies.

Soil, Land and water L pollution

:----:---:::::--+---:-- -Health impacts to staff, L handlers and workers of ash

Soil pollution L Water Pollution

1 2

1 1·6

1 4

2 T - ·-5

3 1 10

2 1 7

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Access Control to Ash facilities

Handling of Ash on site I Extraction of Ash I On and off loading of Ash

Uncontrolled access to ash facilities 1 will lead to non compliance to the controls of the Risk Management Plan. Unsupervised spillage or Soil pollution dust blown particles if in large Water Pollution enough quantities, might contaminate natural and man-made surface water bodies.

L 1

Dust generated during loading and unloading of vehicles.

Nearby botanical T L - 1

Spillage of ash material or sluny. Dust generated in large quantities during the on and I or offloading might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

species including agricultural crops.

Nearby natural (groundwater or surface water) or man made water sources or water bodies

Vertebrate or invertebrate aquatic life

6 2 2 9

2 1 1 4

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Emergency or unplanned event

Storm water management

Loss of containment With potential impacts to air, soil, ground and surface water. In an emergency or unplanned event, dust generated in large ·quantities might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

The inadequate management of stormwater on site will allow discharge of contaminated water to the environment. Ash contaminated effluent or stormwater if diverted into water bodies, may be harmful .if ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

Nearby botanical L species .including agricultural crops.

Nearby natural (groundwater or surface water) or man made water sources or water bodies

Vertebrate invertebrate life

or aquatic

Natural surface and L ground water aquifers

Man-made water bodies

1 8 2 2 12

2 2 10

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large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

M 4 8 2 2 48 The medium to long term storage of clinker ash potentially increases the In extreme cases and likelihood of spontaneous if left unattended for a

CLINKER combustion. The high carbon length of time, fire may ASH: content of clinker ash in storage spread to adjoining Spontaneous may smoulder and ignite. Any fire property and damage combustion moving of the property will cause the environment and

damage and loss to all terrestrial life biodiversity of species. including slow moving reptiles and

I mammals.

I -IL 1 10 1 IO 11 Drowning or bodily injury by persons trying to harvest cenopheres from Injury to body and loss

Harvesting of the water surface. Working alone I of life cenospheres life saving buoys life jackets

l Notifications I registers _

I I

-- - -SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS: Positive spin offs at risk should ash beneficiation not be possible:

+

Job creation Increase in job creation for unskilled to semiskilled workforce in Local economy vulnerable communities.

I

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I

Small business development

+

The low cost of ash and the relaxation of some of the Nonns and Local economy Standards will promote small business development

1------r--------------l---------t---t--1- ---r---t--1------

Community based projects

The low cost of ash and the relaxation of some of the Norms and Standards may empower vulnerable communities to participate - in projects. Eskom assistance may also promote community based projects.

ACCOUNTING FOR ASH BENEFICIATED "CRADLE TO GRAVE PRINCIPLE"

+

Local economy

I

The generator retains the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that the waste is handled, stored, transported and disposed of according to the legislation and in an environmentally sound and responsible manner. The law requires that all producers of waste account for the volumes produced and recycled until the waste is proper1y disposed of or beneficiated into a product fit for use. The following systems will be used to account for the ash recycled from Eskom's Power Station:

• Bottom ash - Eskom uses weighbridge solution at each loading point to capture the ash volumes taken. • Fly ash - Off takers have installed their own weighbridges solution which will also be integrated into Eskom bottom ash

weighbridge solution in order to centralise the volume database and provide consolidated reporting.

• Mixed ash - Eskom uses weighbridge solution at each loading point to capture the ash volumes taken.

Page18of23

Notwithstanding the current weighbridge solutions Eskom will continue to review the use of other means of accounting for ash volumes including: ·

• front end-loaders with load cells, • Standard Cubic Meter Unit Weigh Method

SUPPORT FOR PREVIOUSLY DISADVANTAGED COMPANIES

As a state-owned entity we are conscious of the socio-economic challenges that the country is facing and we are building partnerships with relevant stakeholders to address the poverty challenge. We have active communication channels with OPE, DEA, DTI, MPG, MEGA, etc. to explore various economic opportunities in the form of jobs and businesses through the ash and gypsum programme.

We currently have a number of companies from previously disadvantaged groups that we are supporting to meet the legislative requirements in order to establish their operations where ash is used as an input raw material in their operations as coal ash has been classified as a hazardous waste, and therefore a waste management license or an equivalent Is required. Waste management license when done on ~n individualised basis will take up to 24 months and cost R200k and this was serving as a barrier to entry for the interested previously-disadvantaged owned entities. Through partnership with DEA Eskom is able to facilitate and extend Eskom's section 7 4 exemption to these companies. Our database shows we have 40 companies on the process of getting their section 74 exemption licenses. 14 of these companies have already successfully obtained their license and established their operations resulting in 19 direct jobs have been created as a result of the ash programme.

The following template will be used for reporting purposes of socio economic and tomages moved: p•;-r ype of Tuses -r1 MonihiY~E -1 Black --ys..-.,_ - -T Dlrect-

Station ASh- J Tonn-.es :. Level_ j 9wnershlp -~tracting 1 Jbbs _

I 1_ _ __ j _ __t_ _ _ J_ l _ _J

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s

The following factors and criteria must be used to assess the Impacts of the activities: --

Qiteria IIAGNnUDE (So.:!,~ I DURATION

10 - Very hitlh 5-Pamanent t lo~er than 10 yi!.ilrsl_ a-Hah 4- L.onl)_ tenn 15 to 10 :~:eans1 6-Moderate 3- MediLm-tann j12 months to 5 'i iUJlSI 4-Low 2- Short-tenn 10 to 12 months} 2-Minor 1 - Immediate

SCALE PROBABIUIY {UirellbOodl 5 -International 5- Definite 4 -National 4 - I fi~IJ probable 3 - Renional . 3 - Meditm_f"fl!'ablllly 2 - Local 2 - Low ,, obablltv 1- Site onrv 1 - lm.J:!Obable o---=NOne I 0-None

Magnitude Magnitude meastnS the ISize of tne impact

Durlltlon Duration rafens to the lifetime of the ii'J'1lact I.e. how long H will last

Scale The scale ntfara to tJ1a eXIart of the impact. Le. will the Impact be felt at the local, regional, global scale and so.

Probability The probability rem to the chance of impact to occur. The potemal impact could be most likely to oa:ur, un~ksly. etc..

Assessment of S"qnificanca of lmQBct

Significance rating of the potential impacts ll .. trates the inportance of the Impact Itself. The size of a11111 ill1feded by pollution may ba extremely high but the aignificanca of this errect Is dependent on the concentrallon or laval of polutlon in that area. In order to detennlne the significance of ifr1>ad, the following method was used:

Significance Points (SP) = (Magnitude + Duration + Scale) x ProbabDity

Page20of23

The values of SP are then ranged as folowa:

SP>IO

SP30-60

SP<30

+

Rating ---.---~--

O.crlplon

Indicates high enviRJnm&ntal significance

Indicates moderate environmental significance

~ Arllmpad which could influence the decision abOut whether or not to proceed with the activities regardless of any possible mitigation.

An impact or benefit which is sutliciently important to require management and which could have an influence on the decision unless It is mitigated. ~

Indicates low enviromlent-:-. ---:-al-:--+-:-lm_ pa_ds wilh little real effect and which wilt not have

consequenceslelfeds =-- =-~~==~~ ~ , _____ , ___ _

s

Page21 of23

I, W FUNSTON hereby declare that I have read the completed the Risk Assessment form and hereby confirm that the information is to the best of my knowledge true and correct.

Furthermore, I declare that I am fully aware of my responsibilities in tenns of the Waste Exclusion Regulations, and that failure to comply with these Regulations may constitute an offence in terms of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act 59 of 2008).

Applicant (Full names) ESKOM HOLDINGS SOC Ltd

Designation Manager: Biodiversity and Waste

Signature

.I

I Dale 20 Seplember Place JHB

[FOR OFFICE USE ONLY -Date Received

Decision Taken Authorised I Not Authorised( provide reasons)

Reference Number

Page22of23

environmental affairs Department: Environmental Affairs REPUBLIC OF SOU'TH AFRICA

RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN IN TERMS OF REGULATION 10 OF WASTE EXCLUSION REGULATONS

I APPLICANT

SOURCE(S) OF WASTE ~

WASTE TO BE BENEFICIATED

I ESKOM HOLDINGS soc ltd

I Eskom Coal fired Power Stations

Pulverised Fly Ash:

Pulveris.ed coal fired boiler ash is a term for ash generated

1

within a power station electricity generation process and is derived from firing boilers with pulverised coal. The ash is taken from the boiler prior to conditioning. This is the type of ash that is being considered for beneficial use.

Course Ash I Bottom Ash:

Bottom ·ash is part of the non-combustible residue of combustion in a power station. It accumulates and is collected from the bottom of the boiler and has therefore not gone through a precipitator or filtering process.

Clinker Ash:

Clinker ash is obtained from a chain grate boiler process that was used in the older power stations. This ash forms larger clinkers that. closely resemble stone formations.

Run of Station Ash

The practice of, under Station contingency, having to temporary dump quantities of fly ash in a designated area for later transportation to the ash dumps.

CenospHeres

CenospHeres are recovered from the surface of ash disposal ponds and are of similar chemical composition to ash. Due to a particle density of less than 1.0 kg/cm3 they float on the water.

Page 1 of 21

BENEFICIAL USE/S Cementitious - Cement, Brick and Block Making

Geopolymers - including all cast products, eg Paving, Poles, Curb stones

-Filler Applications - including but not limited to Ceramics, Paint, Rubber, Glue

Zeolites production

f Metal and Mineral extraction

Mineral fibre production

MSDS ATTACHED IF YES NO HAZARDOUS X

WASTE GENERATING FACILITY

1---

POWER STATION NAME COALFIELDS Location

Arnot PS Witbank Rietkuil, SOkm E of

Middleburg

Camden PS Witbank 1Skm E of Ermelo

Duvha PS Witbank 15km E of Witbank

Grootvlel PS Witbank Near Balfour In Mpumalanga

Hendrina PS Witbank Pullenshope, 40km S I

Middleburg

KendaiPS Witbank Near Ogles, 40km SW of

Witbank

Komati PS Witbank Komati, 37 km from

PHYSICAL ADDRESS Middleburg

Krlel PS Witbank Between Krlel and Ogles

Lethabo PS Free State Between Vereenlglng and

Sasolburg

Majuba PS Witbank Between Volksrust and

Amersfort

MatimbaPS Waterburg LepHalale

Matla PS Witbank Between Krlel and Secunda

Tutuka PS Witbank 25km from Standerton road

to Bethal

Medupl PS (Partially Waterburg LepHalale

Page2of21

operational)

WitbaO~ I Kuslle PS (Partially Nkangala district. operational) I Mpumalanga

I Kimberley BW Clinker

I

I I

I Dump I Blankenbergvlel Power Kimberley Station I

i--

Witbank Clinker Dump Witbank

--I 1 The co-ordinates of all Eskom Power Stations are Included

in an Aggendix attached to this agglicatlon. GPS CO-ORDINATES I THE CO-ORDINATES REPRESENT "ALL CORNERS" OF OF WASTE THE WASTE GENERATION FACILITY AS REQUIRED BY GENERATING THE APPLICATION. SEVERAL CO-ORDINATES ARE FACILITY (e.g. 60° 29' REQUIRED TO IDENTIFY THE IRREGULAR SHAPE OF

I 30" Latitude; 340 20' ESKOM ASH GENERATING FACILITIES. THE CO-15" Longitude) 1 ORDINATES REPRESENT THE BOUNDARIES OF THE

POWER STATION PROPERTY WHICH WOULD INCLUDE I ALL POSSIBLE ASH TAKE OFF SITES

1 P. 0. Box 1091, Johannesburg 2000

POSTAL ADDRESS I I ----I Warren Funston ! CONTACT PERSON

! TELEPHONE I 011 800 - 4039 CELL: I l EMAIL I

1

[email protected] \ FAX:

RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN

i I AdloiiCilto--

I Risk Description R..,_ • ._ twhell manage tile risk

l respoulbletDdo it)

i I Dust generated in large quantities

Fly ash must be I Ash transporter

Transport of j during the on and I or offloading transported In tankers j and/ or ash m!ght contaminate nearby I or sealed bins I Fly Ash. I natural botanical species and l containers.

j offtaker

agricultural crops by settling on

Page 3 of21

I

Transport of Bottom I course ash

Transport of all Ash

! the plant leaves, stems or I PPE In the form of dust

I flowers. masks and eye In large quantities, ash dust might

1

protection must be settle on water body surfaces and worn. Oust suppression be ingested by aquatic should be carried out at vertebrates and Invertebrates. I point of load and

unload of ash. Ash

I Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be

should be packaged in bags to minimise dust generation.

The relevant tool box I contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash

/ dust .. I talks, capacity building

1 and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the I risks and response

plans. I I I All transport vehicles

1

for course ash, bottom ash and run of station

I Accidental spillages during I ash must have load bins loading. and unloading of vehicles. and must be covered Oust will be less of a factor in the I with a tightly fitted handling of course I bottom ash. tarpaulin.

Spillages during the on and I or

1

All Ash h ld d off' d

. . h . s ou un ergo oa mg m•g t c~ntamm~te dust su ression at

nearby natural botamcal spectes . t off dl / and agricultural crops by settling ~:~cles ~:stn:~

on the plant leaves, stems or serviced regular! and

I flowers. have their servlc! records available.

I Although ash has been shown ~o Vehicles should be increase the pH of the so1l, checked for areas of

I certain soils might bed potential spillage. contaminated with large an

I Ash transporter

I and/ or ash offtaker

I continuous deposition of ash I The relevant tool box spillage talks, capacity building

1 and training of staff I must be completed to raise awareness of the I I risks and response

plans. .l ~---------1 I Spillage_ of ash or water j A pre start Inspection of Ash transporter

I contalnmg ash from the transport all vehicles should be I and I or ash vehldes Don route tod tlhe I ash completed periodically offtaker users. ust generate n arge to n u ad

I I . d . h d I e s re ro quant ttes ur1ng t e on an or rth' off! d

. . h . wo mess. oa tng m1g t contammate

Page4of21

Transport of all Ash: Compliance of vehicle to Road traffic Act

nearby natural botanical species l Vehicles must comply to j and agricultural crops by settling I SABS 1518 on the plant leaves, stems or "Transportation of

I flowers. 1 dangerous goods" and In large quantities, ash dust might

1

have on board the

1 settle on water body surfaces and MSDS for the ash being 1

be ingested by aquatic I transported. j vertebrates and Invertebrates. Equipment for I I I emergency events must I

Although ash has been shown ~o be available on vehicles.

l lncre~se the. pH of the sorl, I Wheelie bins for certam so1ls might be · 1 lth b . . examp e w erms,

I cont~mmated wrth. large and 1 brooms and spades

dcontrnuous deposltron of ash I must be on the vehicle.

ust.

I The relevant tool box

I talks, capacity build.ing and training of staff

I must be completed to raise awareness of the

I risks and response plans.

I I I A pre start inspection of I Ash transporter

I

Vehicles in poor condition or

1

all vehicles should be I and I or ash inadequate to transport ash will completed periodically offtaker

I facilitate uncontrolled spillages of I to ensure road 1 ash. Dust generated in large worthiness.

I quantities during the on and I or I Vehicles must comply to I offloadlng might contaminate SABS 1518 ,

nearby natural botanical spedes 1 Transportation of I and agricultural crops by settling dangerous goodsH and j I on the plant leaves, stems or have on board the flowers. MSDS for the ash being

l tn large quantities, ash dust might transported. settle on water body surfaces and Equipment for

I be ingested . by aquatic j emergency events must vertebrates and rnvertebrates. be available on vehicles I

I Although ash has been shown to I Any spillages of ash, lncre~se the pH of the soli, I dirty water or ash certarn soils might be material must be contaminated wit~ large and I reported to the . continuous deposition of ash Generator. Such spills

dust. I must be attended too and cleaned as a matter l I of urgency (within 48

~---------"------------ hours). I Pagalof21

Storage of Ash

Storage of Ash

I The relevant tool box I talks, capacity building

l and training of staff I must be completed to

I raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

I 1 Fly ash to be stored In Ash transporter

I

silos - Couse ash must

1

and 1 or ash be stored on a concrete offtaker surface which Is bunded with bricked cement to I a height effective to contain all the ash. Ash

I may only be stored on I Soil contamination by ash stored this lined and bunded at the user facility. Fresh Fly ash I area. All ash to be will be stored in tankers or dos_ed covered during storage. 1 bins I containers and It remams Improbable that any contamination will occur.

Clean and dirty water must be kept separate to limit contamination

Ash spillages In liquid form could of water. contaminate water bodies and be

detrimental to vertebrate and I Any spillages of ash, Invertebrate aquatic life. dirty water or ash In extreme cases, natural vectors I material must be

r could convey conta~lnated reported to the water to groundwater aqu1fers. Generator. Such spills

I Although ash has been shown to I must be attended too Increase the pH of the soli, and deaned as a matter certain soils might be I of urgency (within 48 I contaminated ash spillages. hours).

I The relevant tool box talks, capacity building

l and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

i ______ ,_~-- ------~--.-----------! Groundwater cont::~mlnatlon by Ash must be stored on a Ash transporter

ash stored at the user facility. concrete surface which and 1 or ash

l Fresh Fly ash will be stored In is bunded with bricked offtaker tankers or closed bins I cement to a height

I containers and it remains effective to contain all improbable that any the ash. Ash may only contamination will occur l be stored on this lined

~------------------

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Storage of Ash

Potential for

I stockpiled ash to

I. and bunded area. Clean

Ash spillages In liquid form could and dirty water must be contaminate water bodies and be kept separate to limit detrimental to vertebrate and contamination of water. invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers

I Surface water contamination by ash storage at the user facility. Fresh Fly ash will be stored in tankers or closed bins I containers and it remains

I improbable that any contamination will occur

I Ash spillages in liquid form could contaminate water bodies and be

Any large spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff . must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Fly ash must be stored in silo's or similar sealed containers.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

detrimental to vertebrate and The relevant tool box invertebrate aquatic life. In extreme cases, natural vectors could convey contaminated water to groundwater aquifers.

Ash facilities with poorly

I constructed stormwater drain systems could discharge dirty

talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans. Storage area to be inspected weekly to check Integrity of the structure Ash to be stored In a formal storage area which is bunded I

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Ash Offtaker

Page 7 of21

generate leachate during rainfall

water to the environment. Ensure physical separation of the dirty and clean stormwater drains. Esnure construction of the facility directs all dirty stormwater drains I to a containment area I pltordam. Storage area to be Inspected weekly to check Integrity of the structure

L------+-- --- - -----""""1 All ash handling and Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Construction and design of an ash handling and/ or storage facility

Construction and design of an ash handling and/ or storage facility

Ash facilities which are poorly ventilated will cause possible health impacts. Poorly ventilated ash workplaces will likely result In health symptoms and skin and dermal Irritations associated with ash particle Ingestion.

Ash facilities dose to natural water bodies will cause possible soli or water contamination. Spillage or dust blown particles if in large en~ugh quantities, might contaminate natural and manmade surface water bodies.

storage fadlities must be adequately ventilated and ash handlers issued with the appropriate PPE (particularly masks and gloves).

Contaminated water to be managed from leaving the site.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response

~an~ I On and off loading areas are required to be appropriately bunded and lined.

Ash transporter and I or ash offtaker

All contaminated water

1

from vehicle washing and wheel washlng~ _ _j__ _ _ ___ ___J

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Access Control to Ash facilities

Handling of Ash on alte/ Extraction of Ash I On and off loading of Ash

must be.contained.

I Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

r

Relevant PPE must be worn by all employees when handling ash. Site access must be

Uncontrolled access to ash controlled and warning facilities will · lead to non signs must be visible at compliance to the controls of the the access point . Access Risk Management Plan. to the ash facility as Unsupervised sptllage or dust well as on and off blown particles if in large enough loading areas must be quantities; might contaminate controlled via a register~ natural and man-made surface ledger or similar control water bodies. mechanism.

All ash handling and storage facilities must have adequate slgnage.

Ash transporter and I or ash offtaker

Dust generated during loading and unloading of vehicles. Spillage of ash material or slurry.

Ash must only be Ash transporter handled within the lined and 1 or ash

Dust generated In large quantities and bunded area. offtaker

during the on and I or offloading Any spillages of ashl might contaminate nearby dirty water or ash natural botanical species and material must be agricultural crops by settling on reported to the the plant leaves1 stems or Generator. Such spills flowers. must be atte.nded too In large quantities, ash dust might and cleaned as a matter settle on water body surfaces and of urgency (within 48 be ingested by aquatic hours).

L-------~~~==~~--~-·

Page lof21

Emergency or unplanned event

Storm water management

I

vertebrates and invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to Increase the pH of the soli, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

loss of containment with potential impacts to air, soil, ground and surface water. In an emergency or unplanned event, dust generated in large quantities might contaminate nearby natural botanical species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and be ingested by aquatic vertebrates and Invertebrates.

Although ash has been shown to Increase the pH of the soil, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

The inadequate management of stormwater on site will allow discharge of contaminated water to the environment. Ash contaminated effluent or stormwater If diverted Into water bodies, may be harmful If Ingested by aquatic vertebrates and Invertebrates.


Site to have an emergency response plan in place Inclusive of appropriate equipment such as control and clean up diversion berms.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spllls must be attended too and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).


All dirty areas should be separated from clean water areas, where dirty storm water Is collected within a dirty water dam for reuse as dust suppressant and for evaporation.

Any spillages of ash, dirty water or ash material must be reported to the Generator. Such spills must be attended too

1 Ash transporter and I or ash offtaker

Ash transporter and/ or ash offtaker

Page 10af21

Leaching of ash elements

Decommissio nlng of site

I and cleaned as a matter of urgency (within 48 hours).

I The relevant tool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of the risks and response plans.

Ash Is only prone to leaching in highly acidic

I The chemiCal reaction of ash environments. Any particle.s with natural elements in spillages of ash, dirty the surrounding soil and water water or ash material could lead to the leaching of must be reported to the

I harmful metals Into the Generator. Such spills environment. The leaching of must be attended too harmful metals from ash will be and cleaned as a matter toxic to all vertebrate and of urgency (within 48

I invertebrate life In the· soil . hours). substrate and water bodies. The negative effect ·will likely be I The relevant tool box extended to the health of the talks, c,:apaclty building

I soils and the botanical and training of staff biodiversity of the area. must be completed to

raise awareness of the risks and response

Ash transporter-~ and I or ash offtaker

Without a decommissioning plan a non active site may lead to ash spillages or contamination of surrounding air, soil and water. In the scenario of an abandoned site, dust generated ln large

plans. ~ Sites must have a plan A h t rt associated for the sd /ranspoh er d

• . h an or as

I quantities might contaminate nearby natural botani_cal species and agricultural crops by settling on the plant leaves, stems or flowers. In large quantities, ash dust might settle on water body surfaces and cause harm if ingested by aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates.

lin severe cases, an abandoned site might eventually contaminate groundwater at the site.

ecommJssJonlng p ase fft k o a er to ensure zero post operations impacts. Funds should be set aside for decommissioning during the life of the project.


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Although ash has been shown to increase the pH of the soli, certain soils might be contaminated with large and continuous deposition of ash dust.

r-----------~----------------------~--~~-----------+------------Should spontaneous Ash transporter

CLINKER ASH:

Spontaneous combustion

Harvesting of cenospheres

The medium to long term storage of clinker ash potentially increases the likelihood of spontaneous combustion. The high carbon content of clinker ash in storage may smoulder and lgnlte. Any fire moving of the property will cause damage and loss to all terrestrial life Including slow moving reptiles and mammals.

Drowning or bodily Injury by persons trying to harvest cenopheres from the water surface.

combustion occur, the and I or ash local fire Department offtaker must be contacted for assistance. Immediate actions must Include covering the coal to prevent air Ingress and flooding the area if possible.

The relevanttool box talks, capacity building and training of staff must be completed to raise awareness of tlie risks and response plans. Employees should not harvest alone, but In

Ash transporter and I or ash

under offtaker teams or supervision. If necessary, life jackets must be available and or life buoys.


SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISKS: Positive spin offs at risk should ash benefldatlon not be possible:

This Is a positive spin off Increase In job creation for of ash benefi~iation and

Job creation unskilled to semiskilled workforce should be maximised. In vulnerable communities. I

-Eskom and Department of Environmental Affairs

Pege 12 of21

I Small business development

Community based projects

The low cost of ash and the

I relaxation of some of the Norms and Standards will promote small business development

The low cost of ash and the relaxation of some of the Norms and Standards may empower vulnerable communities to

I participate in projects. Eskom assistance may also promote community based projects.

This is a positive spin off I E k d I of ash beneficiation and

0s omrtan t of I epa men

should be maximised. Environmental

This is a positive spin off of ash beneficiation and should be maximised.

Affairs

Eskom and Department of Environmental Affairs

Page13of21

I DECLARATION I , ,, W FUNSTON hereby declare that I have read the completed Risk Management form and

hereby confirm that the Information is to the best of my knowledge true and correct.

Furthermore, I declare that I am fully aware of my responsibilities in terms of the Waste Exclusion Regulations, and that failure to comply with these Regulations may constitute an offence in terms of the National Environmental Management: Waste Act, 2008 (Act 59 of 2008).

Applicant (Full names) WARREN FUNSTON

Designation : MANAGER: BIODIVERSITY AND WASTE

Signature

Date 20 September 2018 Place JHB

I FOR OFFICE USE ONLy .--Date Received

Decision Taken I Authon-·se_d ___ N-ot -----.--~----------t

authorised

'

(provide reason)

r--------+-----~-~ ----~--~-------------~

Reference Number

P•ge14of21

Material Safety Data sheet for fly ash and bottom ash

The categories of information supplied on this MSDS are as stipulated in SANS 10234 and SANS/ISO 11014

Section 1: PrQduct and company identification

Product Unclassified fly ash Alternative names Pulverised fuel ash, PFA, Fly ash

Physical appearance and description Fly ash: Fly ash is a fine, grey comprised of mostly spherical glass particles produced in the

combustion of pulverised coal In power station boilers. It has no odour. Bottom ash: Bottom ash is a similar product formed of larger particles, which are not released to

the flue gas.

Formulation The basic alumina-silicate form Is not altered In the handling process.

Supplier/Manufacturer Eskom Holdings soc Ltd 1 Maxwell Drive Sunninghill Sandton PO Box 1091 Johannesburg 2000

Arnot Power Station camden Power Station Duvha Power Station Grootvlei Power Station Hendrina Power Station Kendal Power Station Komati Power Station Kriel Power Station Lethabo Power Station Majuba Power Station Matlmba Power Station Matla Power Station Tutuka Power Station Medupi Power Station Kuslle Power Station

Page 11 of21

Section 2: Composition/ingredients

Fly ash is comprised of mostly silicon (Si02) and aluminium oxides (AI20 3) in the form of aluminasilicate amorphous spheres. It also contains minor amounts of iron (Fe10 3), calcium (caO), titanium (Ti02) and magnesium (MgO) oxides.

Section 3: Hazards Identification

Identification Fly ash Is a fine grey power that poses little immediate hazard. Short term exposure is not likely to cause harm. Labelling and classification complies with SANS 10234

NB- Fly ash is alkaline and If wet may irritate the skin.

Fly ash contains small amounts of crystalline silica. Any activity causing dust should be minimised.

Carcinogen potential-OHSA and I ARC to not Jist fly ash as a carcinogen

Effects of eye contact Airborne dust may cause Immediate of delayed Irritation and Inflammation.

Effect of skin contact Fly ash may cause dry skin and irritation depending on the contact time.

Effect of Inhalation Inhalation of the dust may cause irritation of the nose, throat and/or lungs depending on the degree of exposure.

Effect of ingestion Small quantities of fly ash are not known to be harmful. Large volumes will Irritate the digestive tract.

Section 4: First aid measures

Skin Contact Wash the affected area with soap and water. If any Irritation occurs get medical attention.

Eye contact Flush the eyes with large amounts of water. If any Irritation occurs get medical attention.

Inhalation Move the affected person to fresh air. If the nose or airways become inflamed get medical attention.

Ingestion Do not induce vomiting. Rinse the mouth thoroughly with water and give the person water to drink. If any discomfort Is experienced get medical attention.

Section 5: Fire and explosion hazard data

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Flash point: Non·flammable I Non explosive

Flammable (Explosive Limits% Vol): Not applicable

Unusual Fire and Explosive Hazards: None

Spedal Flre·fighting Procedures: None

Section 6: Accidental release measures

Methods of cleaning Vacuum spilled material and place In a bag or containe~. Spray with a small amount of water to facilitate handling and minimise dust formation. Do not wash down drains.

Environmental precautions Prevent fly ash from entering surface water (water course or dams)

Section 7: Handling and storage

Handling Avoid accidental formation of ash dust. Vacuum any spills and dampen clean-up remains.

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Storage Store dry in bags (preferably on pallets) or In containers or bulk silos

Engulfment hazard To prevent burial or suffocation do not enter any confined space that houses fly ash. Fly ash can adhere and build up on walls In a confined space.

Section 8: Exposure controls and Personal Protection

Skin Protection Wear impervious clothing. boots and gloves and a barrier cream, if possible, to limit prolonged exposure to fly ash. Wash as soon as possible. after any exposure.

Respiratory protection Use local or general ventilation to control exposure. Use suitable dust masks/respirators in poorly ventilated areas.

Eye Protection Wear safety glasses with side shields if there is a risk of dust formation during handling.

lnaestion Small amounts of fly ash are not known to be harmful.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) . The following PPE Is recommended when working with fly ash.

Section 9: Physical and chemical properties

Appearance: fine, grey powder

Odour: No distinct odour

pH: 11.0 (>Sin water)

Bolling point: Not applicable

Melting point: Not applicable (>12So•c)

Vapour density: Not applicable

Flash point: Not applicable (non-volatile)

Page18of21

Solubility in water: Slightly

Specific Gravity: 2.0- 2.5

Chemical analyses:

Unclassified Fly ash I %Tested

~~-----------0_.4_-_7_.8

5102 50.6- 60~

LA~0~3~~----------2_5_.3_-_3_3_~~ 20:~3---1-------- 3.2-6.4

no, 1.5-1.9

1

[ P20s 0.37-1.07 j CaO 3.1-8.2

MgO 0.6-2.1

~ 0.1-0.9 1

~503 -1 0.6-1.0 . 0.2-1.2

~M~no~-+~--------~o~.0~1--o.o3j

Page 18 of21

Section 10: Stability and reactivity

Stability: Stable under normal room temperature and conditions. No hazardous combustion decomposition products.

Reactivity Will form lumps with long term exposure to moisture. Will react violently with bromine trlflouride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride and phosphorous.

Section 11: Toxicological Information

No toxicological disease or condition reported to date.

Inhalation of microsilica dust is considered to entail minimal risk of silicosis.

Section 12: Ecological Information

Environmental effects are limited unless large quantities are involved.

Eco-toxidty: No recognised unusual toxicity to plants and animals

Aquatic toxicity: Non-toxic in low quantities. Large volumes will cause an Increase in pH above 12, which will result In the death of aquatic life.

Section 13: Disposal considerations

There are no residues from using the product. Do not wash down drains Disposal in landfill suitable for building rubble or dispose on existing Eskom ash dumps (prior arrangement).

Section 14: Transport Information

Fly ash is not considered hazardous for the purpose of transportation.

As fly ash (PFA) is not hazardous cargo It does not have a UN number.

Section 15: Regulatory Information

The classification of ash is required in accordance with GR 634 of the NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: WASTE ACT, 2008 (ACT NO. 59 OF 2008), WASTE CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS which prescribe the Globally Harmonised System (GHS) of classification and labelling of chemicals, as represented in South African National Standard SANS 10234:2008 Ed 1.1.

Section 16: Other Information

Prepared by: Eskom Research, Testing and Demonstration

Page 20of21

Approved by: Eskom Holdings SOC ltd

Approval date/ revision date: December 2014/ as required by legislative changes

Eskom Holdings SOC Ltd believes that the information contained in this Material Safety Data Sheet to be accurate and up to date. The information is offered In good faith but Eskom Holdings SCO Ltd does not assume liability for the use of the information. The information Is not intended to be legal advice.

Page 21 of21

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