EnvironmentaI Impact Assessment Report: Greenfield ...€¦ · Royal enterprises proposes to...
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EnvironmentaI Impact Assessment Report: Greenfield Facility of
Manufacturing Plant for Methylcobalamin (b12) at
HSIIDC , Barhi part 2, Tehsil - Ganaur, District -
Sonipat
July -2015
Project Proponent: M/s Royal
Enterprises;H.NO. 1185,Sector-12,HUDA
Panipat,Haryana
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Table of Contents
Executive Summary Chapter 1. Introduction and Background....................................................................................... 7
1.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.2. Proposed Products and Project Location ............................................................................ 7 1.3. Salient Features of the Project ............................................................................................ 9 1.4. Need of the Proposed Project ........................................................................................... 10 1.5. Environmental Regulatory Applicability ............................................................................. 10 1.6. Scope and Methodology of the Study ............................................................................... 11 1.7. Structure of the Report ...................................................................................................... 12 1.8. Compliance to approved TOR ........................................................................................... 14
Chapter 2. Project Description .................................................................................................... 17 2.1. The Site ............................................................................................................................ 17 2.2. Justification of Project Location ......................................................................................... 17 2.3. Land allocation within plant ............................................................................................... 19 2.4. Process Description .......................................................................................................... 21 2.5. Solvents Used in the Manufacturing Process .................................................................... 23
2.5.2. Solvent Recovery System ............................................................................................. 23 2.6. Raw Material ..................................................................................................................... 24
2.6.2. Water Requirement ....................................................................................................... 25 2.6.3. Fuel ............................................................................................................................... 26 2.6.4. Power ........................................................................................................................... 26 2.6.5. Employement ................................................................................................................ 26
2.7. Generation of Pollutants ................................................................................................... 26 2.7.1. Sewage Treatment ........................................................................................................ 27 2.7.2. Effluent Treatment Plant ............................................................................................... 27 2.7.3. Hazardous Wastes and Management ........................................................................... 27 2.7.4. Air Emissions ................................................................................................................ 28
2.8. OHS System ..................................................................................................................... 28 2.9. Project Cost and Cost towards Environmental Protection ................................................. 29 2.10. CSR Plan .......................................................................................................................... 30
Chapter 3. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures .................................... 64 3.1. Prelude ............................................................................................................................. 64 3.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during construction phase ............................. 64
3.2.1. Air Environment ............................................................................................................ 64 3.2.2. Noise Environment ........................................................................................................ 66 3.2.3. Water Environment ....................................................................................................... 67 3.2.4. Land Environment ......................................................................................................... 68 3.2.5. Materials (Chemicals, Input material) and Waste ( Solid and Hazardous)
Management: ................................................................................................................ 69 3.2.6. Socio-Economic Environment ....................................................................................... 70 3.2.7. Occupational Health and SafetyManagement ............................................................... 70
3.3. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Project Operation ................................ 71 3.3.1. Air Environment (Changed after modeling) ................................................................... 71 3.3.2. Foul Odour Problem ...................................................................................................... 75 3.3.3. Noise Environment ........................................................................................................ 75 3.3.4. Water Environment ....................................................................................................... 76 3.3.5. Storm Water Management ............................................................................................ 77 3.3.6. Land Environment ......................................................................................................... 77
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3.3.7. Soil Environment ........................................................................................................... 77 3.3.8. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management during operation phase ............................... 77 3.3.9. Socio-Economic Environment ....................................................................................... 78 3.3.10. Ecology and Biodiversity ............................................................................................... 79 3.3.11. Energy Conservation..................................................................................................... 79 3.3.12. Safety Provisions .......................................................................................................... 79
Chapter 4. Environmental Management Plan ............................................................................. 80 4.1. Prelude ............................................................................................................................. 80 4.2. The EMP ........................................................................................................................... 80 4.3. Environmental, Health and Safety Management System .................................................. 81 4.4. Construction Phase........................................................................................................... 82 4.5. Operation Phase ............................................................................................................... 82
4.5.1. Air Environment ............................................................................................................ 82 4.5.2. Water Environment ....................................................................................................... 85 4.5.3. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management .................................................................... 85 4.5.4. Noise Environment ........................................................................................................ 86 4.5.5. Occupational Health Programme .................................................................................. 86 4.5.6. Hazard Communication and Chemical Safety ............................................................... 87 4.5.7. Environmental Audit ...................................................................................................... 87 4.5.8. Manpower for Environmental Health and Safety Management ...................................... 87
4.6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL ........................................................................... 88 4.7. EMP BUDGET .................................................................................................................. 88 4.8. Environmental Monitoring Programme .............................................................................. 89
Chapter 5. Hazards Analysis & Risk Assessment ....................................................................... 92 5.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 92 5.2. Risk Assessment .............................................................................................................. 92
Chapter 6. Summary and Conclusion ......................................................................................... 92 6.1. Prelude ............................................................................................................................. 92
Chapter 7. Disclosure of Consultants ........................................................................................ 103 7.1. Declaration by Experts Contributing to this Report .......................................................... 103
List of Tables
Table 1.1 : Salient features of the project and site ........................................................... 9 Table 1.2 : Compliance with the Terms of Reference .................................................... 15 Table 2.1 : Connectivity and Surrounding Area Profile .................................................. 17 Table 2.2 : Land Distribution at Site ............................................................................... 19 Table 2.3 List of Solvents used in Manufacturing Process ............................................. 23 Table 2.4 Details of distillation system. .......................................................................... 24 Table 2.5 Raw Material Requirement ............................................................................ 24 Table 2.6 Raw Material and Finished Good Storage Area and its Specifications. .......... 24 Table 2.7 :Water Consumption for Various Activities during Operation Phase ............... 26 Table 2.8 : Fuel quantity and source ............................................................................. 26 Table 2.9 : Quantity of Hazardous Waste to be Generated............................................ 27 Table 2.10 : Type and Quantity of Solid Waste to be Generated in the Construction and
Operation Phases .................................................................................................. 27 Table 2.11 Details of Air Emissions ............................................................................... 28 Table 2.12 Stacks in the API Plant (Example) ............................................................... 28 Table 2.13 Pollutant Concentration ............................................................................... 28 Table 2.14 Proposed CSR Activities & Annual Allocation of Fund ................................. 31
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Table 3.1 : Typical Noise Sources during Construction Phase ...................................... 66 Table 3.2 : Stack Details (Example )give detail .............................................................. 73 Table 4.1 List of Plant species to be planted under greenbelt development pogramme . 84 Table 4.2 : Design Features for Minimization of Fugitive Emissions .............................. 85 Table 4.3 : Environmental Management Cell ................................................................. 88 Table 4.4 : Environmental budget .................................................................................. 89 Table 4.5 : Matrix of Environmental Monitoring Plan...................................................... 89
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 : Location of the Project ......................................................................................... 8 Figure 1.2 Map Showing Road Connectivity ............................................................................. 9 Figure 1.3 : Methodology of EIA Study .......................................................................... 12 Figure 2.1 : Location Map .............................................................................................. 18 Figure 2.2 : Site Layout Map (Source : Royal enterprises)............................................. 20 Figure 3.1 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of SOx ........................................... 74 Figure 3.2 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of NOx ........................................... 75 Figure 3.3 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of PM10 .......................................... 75 Figure 3.4 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of PM2.5 ......................................... 75 Figure 3.5 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of NH3 ........................................... 75 Figure 3.7 ...................................................................................................................... 77
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List of Annexures
Annexure I: Approved TOR letter
Annexure II: Land Allotment by HSIIDC
Annexure III: MET data
Annexure IV: Site Photograph
Annexure V: Monitoring Results
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Abbreviation
PNBBr Para nitro benzyl bromide
A Acid Acetic acid H2O2 Hydrogen peroxide
KBr Potassium bromide CF Centrifuge ML Mother liquor MeOH Methanol SRP Solvent recovery plant H2SO4 Sulphuric acid DMF Dimethylformamide MEE Multiple effect evaporators Rxn Reaction ETP Effluent treatment plant HTDS High Total dissolve solid LTDS Low Total dissolved solid TMP Trimethylphosphite EA Ethyl acetate TMPO Trimethoxy phosphine oxide MDC Methylene chloride PtSCl Para toluene Sulphonyl Chloride
PTC Phase transfer catalyst 4M Morhaline NH4OH Ammonium hydroxide TPP Triphenylphosphite MEG Ethylene glycol DMA Dimethyl aniline PCl5 Phosphorus pentachloride TPPO Triphenoxy phosphine oxide Hydro Sodium dithionite HCl Hydrochloric acid 7ACCA 7Amino3chlorocephalosporanic acid HMDS Hexamethyldisilazane
TMCS Trimethylchlorosilane
EDTA Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid D. salt Dane salt HMDSO Hexamethyldisiloxane NMM NMethylmorphaline
ECF Ethylchlroformate C Acid Methane sulphonic acid CFC Cefaclor NaBr Sodium bromide HCHO Formaldehyde
TFA Tri-fluroacetic acid
NBA N-butyl acetate NaCl Sodium chloride
Na2CO3 Sodium carbonate
SBC Sodium bicarbonate 7AVCA 7-Amino-3-vinyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid
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NaOH Sodium hydroxide THF Tetra-hydrofuran TEA Tri-ethyl amine DMAc Di-methylacetamide CSI Chlorosulphonyl-isocynate CFU Acid Cefuroxime acid AEB 1-Acetoxyethylbromide NaI sodium iodide SMBS Sodium metabisulphite IPA Propanol HWTDF Hazardous waste treatment & disposal facility Thio Sodium thio - sulphate DBU 1,8- Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec7ene So.succinate Sodium succinate CIIPC 1-Chlorethyl isopropyl carbonate Cat Crown ether
Na2SO4 Sodium sulphate
Org.Layer Organic layer Aq.Layer Aqueous layer
CHCl3 Chloroform K2S2O5 Potassium metabisulphite
PA or NPA N-Propanol BA Butyl acetate
NaEHA Sodium hexanoate TBAB tetrabutylammonium bromide Iodo Iodomethylpivalate
CMP Chloromethylpivalate
MSC methane sulphonyl chloride
ACN Acetonitrile
DIPA Diisopropylamine STS Sodium thio sulphate
MIBK methylisobutyl ketone
BF3 Boron trofluoride
POCl3 Phosphorus oxy chloride
ECNA Ethyl cynoacetate DNPA Di – n - propylamine
DEM Di- ethyl malonate EtOH ethanol
A carbon Activated carbon Abs -alcohal Ethyl alcohal K2HPO4 Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
RCVD RotaconeVaccum Drier
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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
1.1. Introduction
Royal Enterprises established as a manufacturers. Their business model is based on the
manufacturing of Methylcobalamin (b12). In order to reduce the usage of hazardous and
polluting solvents, methods are developed using enzymatic process and wherever
possible, strict control over emissions at all levels is maintained. The present proposal is
to set up a unit for manufacturing for Methylcobalamin (b12) at HSIIDC Barhi part 2,
Tehsil Ganaur, District Sonipat
1.2. Proposed Products and Project Location
Royal enterprises proposes to establish a bulk drug intermediates (APIs) manufacturing
unit of 30 kg/monthcapacity. The chemical name for methylcobalamin is Coα-[α-(5,6-
dimethylbenz-1H-imidazolyl)]-Coβ- methylcobamide. Synonyms and trade names are
mecobalamin, methylcobalamin, cobaltmethylcobalamin, Algobaz and Cobamet. The
proposed product is Methylcobalamin (b12) and by product is Sodium iodide
The proposed project is to be established at HSIIDC Barhi part 2, Tehsil Ganaur, District
Sonipat(Refer figure 1.1 and 1.2 for location map and toposheet map respectively).
This chapter provides background information of the project i.e. project proponent, project
justification, regulatory framework location of the proposed project, the scope of EIA study,
methodology adopted for EIA study and structure of the report, and compliance to the TOR
issued by MoEF.
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(Source: Google earth imagery)
Figure 1.1 : Location of the Project
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(Source: Google earth imagery)
Figure 1.2 Map Showing Road Connectivity
1.3. Salient Features of the Project
The salient features of the project and site aresummarised below at Table 1.2.
Table 1.1 : Salient features of the project and site
Items Details
Project Greenfield Facility of Manufacturing Plant for Methylcobalamin (b12)
Category of Project As per EIA Notification 2006 and amendment thereof Proposed project fall in Category ―A‖ (because Haryana committee is dissolve so we apply in MoEFCC)
Location HSIIDC Barhi part 2, Tehsil Ganaur, District Sonipat
Coordinates Refer attached googe map
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Project area Approx. 1800 square metre
Production Capacity 30kg/month
Location features The project is proposed in the approved HSIIDC industrial
area. Project shall be having the advantages of facilities of
industrial area like water supply,electricity supply etc.
Power requirement & source
Power shall be obtained from State Electricity Board
Water requirement & source
No ground water extraction is required. The water to be used shall be supplied by HSIIDC
ETP Facility Zero liquid discharge facility shall be provided
STP Facility A compact unit for sewage treatment shall be proposed.
Project Cost The total Project cost shall be approx.155 lakh
1.4. Need of the Proposed Project
India ranks third with respect to the production capacity of pharmaceuticals in the world,
whereas in terms of value, India is in 14th place. The total turnover of pharmaceutical
industry in 2010 was US $ 20 billion, which is 20 times when compared with the turnover
in 1990 (Indian Pharmaceutical Industry, 2010). All major therapeutic groups of drugs
are manufactured in India. In terms of generics production India ranks 4th, but in terms
of export value India ranks 17th. The need of APIs is increasing every year due to
continual growth of pharmecutical industry. This project is expected to partially fulfil the
demand of APIs of pharmecutical industries.
1.5. Environmental Regulatory Applicability
The proposed project falls under underSl.No. 5(f) of the schedule I of Environmental
Impact Assessment Notification S.O. 1533 dated 14thSeptember, 2006 and as amended
thereof. Project classified as Category 'B' but consider in Category ‘A’ because
Haryana SEAC committee is dissolve so we apply our case in MOEF.
It does not attract any specific or general condition as per EIA notification dated 14th
September 2006 and its amendment on 1st December 2009.MoEF has granted
preliminary clearance for setting up this project and approved TOR for carrying out EIA
study vide its letter ( enclosed as Annexure I)
The project also requires consents and authorisation under Air ( Prevention and
Controlof Pollution) act 1981, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,1974 and
The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules
2008 amended to date.
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1.6. Scope and Methodology of the Study
The scope of the EIA study is based on the generic structure of environmental
impact assessment document as stated in the Appendix III of the EIA Notification
2006 (S.O. 1533), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.
The scope of the study includes a detailed Environmental impact assessment of the
proposed project on valued environmental components. The proposed project is
currently in the design preparation stage. For the purpose of environmental
assessment, areas within 10 km radius of the project have been studied and the
following steps shall be followed:
o Generation of baseline data for valued environmental components as per the
EIA guidelines& approved TOR
o Identification and quantification of significant environmental impacts due to
the project and its associated activities.
o identification of mitigation measures eliminate or minimize the impacts
o Preparation of appropriate Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
encompassing plan for minimizing identified adverse impacts along with
budgetary provisions to be made by the project authorities for implementation
of mitigation measures.
o Delineation of post Environmental Quality Monitoring Programme (EQMP)
along with organizational setup required for monitoring the effectiveness of
mitigation measures.
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Figure 1.3 : Methodology of EIA Study
1.7. Structure of the Report
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The EIA report contains project detail, baseline environmental setup, assessment of
environmental impacts, and formulation of mitigation measures, environmental
management and monitoring plan with risk & disaster management plan.
The report includes 9Chapters in addition to the Executive Summary as follows:
Executive Summary
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter provides background information on need of project, need of EIA study and
brief of the project. The scope and EIA methodology adopted in preparation of EIA report
have also been described in this Chapter. It also covers the identification of project &
project proponent, brief description of nature, size, location of the project and its
importance to the country and the region. Scope of the study details about the regulatory
scoping carried out as per the generic structure given in the EIA Notification, 2006.
Chapter 2: Project Description
This chapter deals with the project details of the proposed Drugs Manufacturing Plant,
with type of project, need for the project, location, size & magnitude of operation
including associated activities required by and for the project, manufacturing process,
proposed schedule for approval and implementation, including technical details of raw
material, quality and quantity etc.
Chapter 3: Description of the Environment
This chapter presents the existing environmental status of the study area around the
proposed project including topography, drainage pattern, water environment, geological,
climate, transport system, land use, flora & fauna, socio-economic aspects, basic
amenities etc. Environmental assessment of the proposed project site in regard to its
capability to receive the proposed new development is also discussed in this Chapter.
Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
This chapter describes the overall impacts of the proposed project activities and
underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. It predicts the
overall impact of the proposed project on different components of the environment viz.
air, water, land, noise, biological, and socio-economic during construction & operation
stages.
Chapter 5: Environmental Management Plan
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This chapter details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment
exercise. It also provides mitigation and control measures for environmental
management plan (EMP) for minimizing the negative environmental impacts and to
strengthening the positive environmental impacts of the proposed project.Technical
aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures
Chapter 6: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan
This chapter deals in brief with hazards and risks associated with proposed project
activities and recommends various safety measures. The risk assessment shall be
carried out for the proposed API manufacturing plant and a model disaster management
plan is presented.
Chapter 7: Disaster Management Plan
This chapter deals in brief of disaster management plan.
Chapter 8 :Summary & Conclusion
This chapter provides the summary and conclusions of the EIA study of the proposed
project with overall justification for implementation of the project and also explanation of
how, adverse effects will be mitigated. This chapter also includes the conclusions of the
Public Hearing.
Chapter 9: Disclosure of Consultants Engaged
This chapter provides the disclosure of consultants engaged to carryout the EIA study
along with other additional studies.
1.8. Compliance to approved TOR
The EIA study has been conducted in-line with the approved ToR by MoEF and taking
into consideration the structure of the report given in the EIA Notification 2006. The
compliance to the approved ToR .
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Table 1.2 : Compliance with the Terms of Reference
S. No.
Proposed Terms of Reference Compliance
1 Justification of the project
4 A map indicating location of the project
5 Project location and plant layout
6 Infrastructure facilities including power sources
7 Total cost of the project along with total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures.
8 Project site location along with site map of 10 km area and site details providing various industries, surface water bodies etc, along with landuse around 10 kms of the study area
9 Details of the total land and break-up of the land use for green belt and other uses.
10 List of products along with the production capacities
11 Detailed list of raw materials required and source, mode of storage and transportation
12 Manufacturing process details along with the chemical reactions and process flow chart.
13 Action plan for the transportation of raw material and products.
15 Ambient air quality monitoring at 4 locations within the study area of 10 km., aerial coverage from project site as per NAAQES notified on 16th September, 2009. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction.
16 Site-specific micro-meteorological data of one season of the year 2014 using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall and AAQ data (except monsoon) for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx will be collected. The monitoring stations will be take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. Data for surface water, groundwater and noise monitoring will also be included.
17 Air pollution control measures proposed for the effective control of gaseous emissions within permissible limits.
20 Ground water monitoring at 4 locations
22 The details of solid and hazardous wastes generation, storage, utilization and disposal
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S. No.
Proposed Terms of Reference Compliance
particularly related to the hazardous waste calorific value of hazardous waste and detailed characteristic of the hazardous waste.
23 Precautions to be taken during storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals will be clearly mentioned and incorporated
24 Risk assessment for storage, handling, transportation hazardous chemicals with action plan for handling & safety system
27 Socio-economic development activities
29 Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air pollution control system, water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure will be provided.
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CHAPTER 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1. The Site
Royal enterprisesproposed unit for manufacturing for Methylcobalamin (b12) at
HSIIDCBarhi part 2, Tehsil Ganaur, District Sonipat
The project will not change the land use, land cover pattern, being located within HSIIDC
industrial area. Table 2.1 provide brief location aspects of the proposed project. The
layout map of the proposed unit is given at Figure 2.1.
Table 2.1 : Connectivity and Surrounding Area Profile
Description Name
Tehsil / Taluka / Mandal Ganaur
District Sonipat
State Haryana
Nearest railway station / airport / along with distance in km.
Narela railway station 30 KM in South
Nearest town, city, district headquarters along with distances in km
IGI airport 62 KM in South
2.2. Justification of Project Location
Need of drugs is increasing every year due to continual growth of pharmaceutical
industry. This project is expected to contribute in partially fulfilling the demand of
Methylcobalamin (b12) forpharmaceutical industries withinHaryana&rest of India.
The proposed project will be located inside the HSIIDC Industrial Area. The
HSIIDC Industrial Area has well developed roads, and is located near the NH 1
(within 0.25 km – East direction), which is advantageous in terms of
transportation of raw materials as well as finished goods. This justifies the
proposed site location.The location map shown in Figure 2.1.
This chapter deals with the brief details of the establishment of new proposed bulk drug
project; Location Consideration, Technology Description, Raw material Requirement and
its source, Process flow diagram, Environmental aspects etc.
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Figure 2.1 : Location Map
(Source: Google Earth)
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2.3. Land allocation within plant
The land allocation at the site is presented in Table 2.2, corresponding to plant layout
shown in figure 2.2
Table 2.2 : Land Distribution at Site
S. No. Description Area (sq m)
1. Total Plot Area 1800
2. Manufacturing 800
3. Green Belt 600
4. Utilities
Security & Time Office
Miscelleneous-Parking /Open Areaetc
400
Total 1800 (Source:Royal enterprises)
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Figure 2.2 : Site Layout Map (Source : Royal enterprises)
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2.4. Process Description
The chemical name for methylcobalamin is Coα-[α-(5,6-dimethylbenz-1H-imidazolyl)]-Coβ-
methylcobamide. Synonyms and trade names are mecobalamin, methylcobalamin,
cobaltmethylcobalamin, Algobaz and Cobamet. The molecular formula is
C63H91CoN13O14P and its molecular weight is 1344.4 g/mol. The manufacturing process
are as follows:
Step-I: Check the Glass flask is cleaned and dry. Charge Process water, heating and
addition of cynocobalamin. Cooling and addition of sodium borohydride, stirring and addition
of methyl iodide.Addition of chloroform and phenol mixure, stirring, settling for layer
separation.
Step-II: Check the Glass flask clean and dry. Charge process water, organic layer,
chloroform and acetone. Stirring settling, layer separation, distillation of process water.
Addition of acetone, cooling, filtration, drying, sieving.
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Chemical reaction and mass balance
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2.5. Solvents Used in the Manufacturing Process
The solvents used in the manufacturing process of APIs are tabulated below (Table
2.3) All fresh solvents listed below will be stored in tank farm area in 10-20 KL
tanks. Flame arrester & dyke wall with sufficient height, width, free board (equal to
the volume of maximum capacity tank) and impervious floor. All storage tanks will be
under negative pressure to avoid any leakage. Condenser with brine chilling shall be
provided to minimise loses.
Table 2.3 List of Solvents used in Manufacturing Process
Sl. No. Name of the Raw Material Storage Area and
Capacity
Storage
Specifications
1. Methanol 20 KL SS-304
2. Toluene 10 KL SS-304
3. Acetone 20 KL SS-304
4. IPA 10 KL SS-304
5. Ethanol 5 KL SS-304
6. Cyclohexane 10 KL SS-304 ( jacketed)
7. n-Butyl acetate 20 KL SS-304
8. Ethyl acetate 20 Kl SS-304
9. Methylene Chloride 20 KL SS-304 ( jacketed)
2.5.2. Solvent Recovery System
The recovery and recycling of solvents in the process is a key issue in achieving
productivity and an edge in competitive world. Hence, all the solvent mixtures
generated from different stages of the products will be fractionated in a state of the
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art solvent recovery system to give 95-98% recovery depending upon composition of
solvent mixtures and their boiling point. Therefore, Royal enterprises has planned
distillation columns with varying specification to take care of the all the spent solvents
recovered from various stages of the production.
To minimise solvent losses during distillation following measurers will be adopted:
Chilled brine of -10°C will be circulated in condensers to condense the solvent
vapours.
Transfer of solvents to be done through pumps instead of manual handling.
Vent condensers to be provided on all storage tanks.
2.6. Raw Material
The raw materials used in manufacturing process, their quantity aregiveninTable
2.5.D.M water purchase from market for processing—400 ltr / 5kg batch.
Table 2.4 Raw Material Requirement
Sr. No. Raw Material Unit Quantity Standard
Per Month
5.0 KG BATCH
SIZE
30 kg/month
1 Cyanocobalamin Kg 5.00 30
2 Methyl Iodide Kg 4.50 27
3 Sodium Borohydride
Kg 5.50 33
4 Chloroform Kg 98.00 588
5 Acetone Kg 60.00 360
6 Phenol Kg 25.00 150
7 Methanol Kg 13.00 78
The chemicals shall be stored based on compatibility analysis. The warehouse for
storage of chemicals will be constructed in RCC structure in solid walls and sufficient
hard floor, which is impermeable to liquids. An impervious sill or low bund will be
installed to prevent spillage in outer storage area.
The warehouse will be well ventilated taking into account the products stored. It will
be provided with flameproof electrical fittings and equipments. It will have two
emergency doors on each floor for smooth escape in case of emergency.
Certain chemicals which are sensitive to heat shall be stored separately in cold
rooms at a temperature < +8°C and < +25 °C.
Storage area for hazardous chemicals will be isolated from the rest of the warehouse
with impervious walls, floors and provision of safe disposal of spillages. The area will
be provided with emergency showers and eye wash facility as well. Hazardous gases
(Chlorine, ammonia and bromine) will be stored in a separate cage type shed.
Utilities
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A. Laboratory
S. No. Equipment Make
1. HPLC (Manual) Younglin
2. G.C. Nucon
3. pH Meter Analab Scientific
4. Karl Fischer Analab Scientific
5. Analytical Balance Shimadzu
6. Ultrasonic Bath Analab Scientific
7. Stability Chamber (Long Term) Thermolab
8. Stability Chamber (Accelerated) Thermolab
9. Melting Point Apparatus Jay Lab Instruments
10. Vacuum Drying Oven Durga Traders
11. Freeze LG
12. Hot Plate
13. Thermometer (-10º to 110º C)
14. Thermometer (-10º to 360º C)
B. Plant Equipment
S No Equipment Qty. Capacity
1. Glass Flask 1 200 L
2. Glass Flask 1 100 L
3. Nutch Filter 1 125 L
4. Vaccum tray T.Ddryer 1 6 Tray
C. Others
S. No. Equipment Qty. Capacity
1 Cooling Tower 2 200 TR
2 Chilling plant 3 26 TR
3 Hot Water System 2 2 KL
4 D.G. Set 1 60 K.V.A
5 Electric Heater 1 200 Kg
6 Vacuum Pump 1 20 HP
7 Air handling handing 1 3000 C.F.M
2.6.2. Water Requirement
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During construction phase 300LD and during operation phase 300 LD of fresh water
will be required sourced from HSIIDC through tankers.
Table 2.5 :Water Consumption for Various Activities during Operation Phase
Sl. No. Component Fresh Water Required
(LD)
1 Manufacturing Process 155
3 Drinking & Sanitation 100
4 Green Belt 45
TOTAL 300LD Fresh Water
(Source: Royal enterprises)
The water balance diagram during operation phase has been shown in Figure 2.33.
2.6.3. Fuel
High-speed diesel (HSD) will be used in the DG sets. Table 2.8 gives the fuel quantity and the source.
Table 2.6 : Fuel quantity and source
Sl. No.
Fuel Quantity Source Transportation Mode
Storage
2 HSD 50L/day Locally By road 20 Kl MS tank
2.6.4. Power
The Power requirement for the proposed project during operation phase is 49 KWA The
power supply shall be from sourced from Haryana Vidhyut Nigam Limited, In addition there
is provision of DG sets capacity of 60 KVA for backup..
2.6.5. Employement
During construction phaseroyal enterprises will employe 10 person and the manpower
requirement during the operation phase will be approx 15. Royal enterprises will make sure
to employ local labour to the extent possible.
2.7. Generation of Pollutants
The generation of pollutants associated with the Royal enterprises during operation of
Methylcobalamin (b12)Unit can be in the form of liquid effluent,no solid waste shall be
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generated. The all byprodcuts shall be sold out separately. The advance and ecofriendly
production procedure shall be used. As such there is no source of air pollution envisaged by
the naufacturinguni, however only emissions shall be from DG set.To mitigate noise pollution
from DG acoustic hood shall be provided in compliance with the GOI protocol..
2.7.1. Sewage Treatment
The sewage will be generated form the employes/workers during the operation phase of the
proposed project shall be treated in soak pit
2.7.2. Effluent Treatment Plant
Company policy and prime aim is to ensure that Environmental Norms are strictly adhered
to.
Some of the key features with respect to effluents and waste disposal in this unit are:
The trade effluents generated from proposed project are treated in ETP send to Common
Effluent Treatment Plant (maintained by HSIIDC govt organization).
The Domestic and sewage waste water stream send to Septic tank.
Our laboratories and production sites are engineered to be safe working environments in
accordance with local regulations and the company‘s high-level operating standards.
Stringent safety procedures, applicable to both internal company and external sub-
contracted employees, are practiced during the sites‘ erection stages.
The project is not likely to cause any significant impact to the ecology of the area since
adequate preventive measures will be adopted to control various pollutants within
permissible limits. Green belt development around the area would also be taking up an
effective pollution mitigative technique.
2.7.3. Hazardous Wastes and Management
The hazardous wastes anticipated to be generated from the proposed unit is send to
authorised dealer
The type and quantity of solid wastes, which are anticipated to be generated from the
proposed project during construction and operation phase are tabulated in Table.
Table 2.7 : Type and Quantity of Solid Waste to be Generated in the Construction and Operation Phases
Sl. No. Type of Solid Waste Quantity Treatment/ Disposal Method
Construction Phase
1 Construction waste It will be Debris will be used for internal road
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(debris) minimal laying purpose & landscaping
Operation Phase
2 Empty barrels (used for non-hazardous materials)
5-7 barrels / day
Collected and sold to authorize recyclers after cleaning.
3 Scrap metals 200 kg/day Collected and sold to authorize recyclers.
4 Used / Spent oil 10 L/Day To be incinerated & ash will be sent to TSDF
2.7.4. Air Emissions
Emission control will be through Air handling unit .The details of air emissions are provided
in Table 2.23.
Table 2.8 Details of Air Emissions
S. No. Source of air emissions
Type of Pollutant Considered
1. DG Sets (60 KVA) NO2,SO2, PM2.5, PM10,
2. AHU NO2, SO2, PM2.5, PM10,
2.8. OHS System
The existing plant of Royal enterprises haswell-organized Safety Management system with
well defined ―Safety Health & Environment Policy‖, ―Quality Policy‖, ―Environment Policy‖ and
―Occupational Health & Safety Policy‖ which are certified by external agency of international
repute. Royal enterprises are committed to the principles of sustainable development. As a
part of this commitment, roral enterprises protect the environment in which they operate and
ensure the health and safety of our employees, contractors, visitors and communities. All
employees are responsible for being aware about safety, health and environment needs in
their area of work. The proposed plant will also have these policies in place. The significance
of safety & health in chemical industries has been a vital issue in achieving productivity and
an edge in competitive world. Hence, all the pollution control measures envisaged at
feasibility stage will be implemented with due care.
The proposed plant will be designed as per international guidelines viz. WHO GMP, USFDA
etc comprising of separate entry &exit for workers and material. The layout of plants will be
under purview of various statutory regulations and these regulations will be reviewed
regularly. All reaction vessels will be connected with scrubber so that any toxic fumes/
vapour generated during reaction gets neutralized.
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The proposed plant will have Air Handling Units to keep temperature <25 deg in powder
processing area and filtered air will be supplied in other areas. Dust collector will be provided
in powder processing area to remove dust generated during sifting/ milling of product.
Workers engaged in powder processing work will be provided personal protective
equipments like dust masks, respirators etc
The proposed plant will be provided with sophisticated instrumentation for continuously
monitoring of operating parameters.
The plant premises will be strictly maintained as a ―NO SMOKING ―area. Fire fighting facility
will be provided at site consisting of underground fire hydrant system and various fire
extinguishers.
For electrical instrumentation and installations, the entire plant will be sub divided into
hazardous and non hazardous zone. In the hazardous zone, flameproof fittings &fixtures will
be provided. Arrangements will be made in each equipment to avoid static spark.
All reaction vessels will be provided safety valve, rupture disc, pressure gauges etc to avoid
any explosion. Provision for inert gas purging will be there in each reactor to avoid possibility
of developing any hazardous mixture.
The company will have On Site Emergency Plan to handle any emergencies e.g. fire,
chemical spillage and medical arising from any unforeseen reason.
Workers will be trained & make them aware regarding safety and proper hygiene in plant. All
workers will undergo periodic medical examination and will be provided personal protective
equipments for their safety.
Major hazards can be avoided by proper implementation of Maintenance and Inspection
Schedule, Periodic maintenance will be in place to check the various types of compressors,
pumps, fan, and blowers and monitor the vibration level. Compliance of Statuary Regulations
related to Factory act. All hot/cold surfaces will be insulated. Waste generated during
process will be removed regularly. Proper housekeeping in maintenance block, utility block
will be done so as to ensure that spillage of oil, litters of maintenance material are cleared
off.
2.9. Project Cost and Cost towards Environmental Protection
The total estimated cost of the proposed project is approximately Rs155 lacs, which include
the cost of the land, internal development and construction cost,administrative cost and
associated contingencies.
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Serial No. Particulars Amount In Lacs
1. Land And Site Development 35
2. Building & Civil Construction 50
3. Plant & Machinery with laboratory 45
4. Controlling equipments (AHU, ETP other utilities) 25
Total 155
2.10. CSR Plan
Royal enterprises will contribute 2% of the project cost of Rs.1.5 crores, that is Rs 3 lakhs
towards CSR plan. The above amount will be spent in next 5 years for infrastructure
development of surrounding area. Need based study have been conducted in surrounding
villages in the adjoining areas.
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CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction
1. EIA Notification 2006 typically specifies that an EIA report should contain a description of the existing
environment that would be or might be affected directly or indirectly by the proposed project.
Environmental baseline monitoring (EBM) is a very important stage of EIA. On one hand it plays a very
vital role in EIA and on the other hand it provides feedback about the actual environmental impacts of a
project. EBM during the operational phase helps in judging the success of mitigation measures in
protecting the environment. Mitigation measures, in turn are used to ensure compliance with
environmental standards, and to facilitate any needed project design or operational changes.
2. It includes the natural, cultural, socio-economic Systems and their inter-relationships. The intention is
not to describe all baseline conditions, but to focus the collection and description of baseline data on
those VECs (Valuable Environmental Components) that are important and are likely to be affected by
the proposed fertilizer project activity.
Study Period:
3. Baseline environmental conditions are based on the field studies carried out during 25th May, 2015 to
25th June, 2015 at and around the proposed site.
Site Description and Its environs:
4. Baseline Study has been carried out in a 10 km radial zone from the project site. Figure 3.1& figure 3.2
show the study area.
Connectivity Details
5. There is no railway station within 10 Km radial Distance from project site However Transport Facility
like Roadways Buses, Local Buses are available. The nearest Railway station is Narela Railway
Station: 30 Km from site, in S Direction and the nearest airport is New Delhi Airport: 62 Km from site in
S direction. The road network of 10km radius is provided in figure 3.3.
This Chapter describes the baseline environmental conditions around the project site for various
environmental attributes, viz., physical, biological and socio-economic, within the 10 km radial
zone, which is termed as the study area. Topography, soil, water, meteorology, air, noise, and land
constitute the physical environment, whereas flora and fauna constitute the biological
environment. Demographic details and occupational pattern in the study area constitute socio-
economic environment. Baseline environmental conditions are based on the field studies carried
out during 20th May, 2015 to 20th June, 2015 at and around the proposed site, Base Maps of all
environmental components through secondary data collected from published sources
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Source: Topo Sheet
:Study area map(10km Radius)
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Methodology adopted for Base Line Studies
6. Base line Studies in Project site was carried out for valuable environmental attributes by our team
(constitutes of Laboratory Person, Socio Economic Experts, and Ecology Experts etc. The Purpose of
field survey/investigation is to decide the Location of monitoring stations, Sampling Locations and
collection, Collection of Other Primary Data and to cross check the Secondary information extracted
from authentic Data sources/Web sites.
7. The Studies of Some Attributes of Baseline condition are carried out by Kamal lab, Manesar following
Standard Methods recommended by the BIS, CPCB, MoEF ,(MoEF/NABET certificate attached as
Annexure-III) were followed for all sample analysis and other base line data collection / study.
8. The complete baseline chapter is further divided into three main sections viz : Physical environment,
Ecological Environment and Socio-economic Environment
Physical Environment
9. Physical environment constitutes Land details, Surface water details, ground water details,
atmosphericdetails (meteorology), Noise and vibration
Land Environment
10. Land Environment comprises of lithology, geomorphology, slope stability, contour & DEM, subsidence,
seismicity, landuse, soil composition and characteristics, etc.
Geology:
11. Hard rock geology of the district is concealed under alluvial and Aeolian deposits. The alluvial deposits
of quaternary age are divisible as newer and older. The former usually occurs in the active flood-plain
of the Ghagghar River, in the northern part of the district and comprises sand, silt clay and occasional
gravel. Calcareous concretions in various proportions are found mixed with other constituents. The
sediments are heterogeneous in character, and are deposited on a basement of metamorphic and
igneous rocks of pre-Cambrian age. The bed rock topography over which the alluvial deposits rest,
slopes towards north-east. The maximum thickness of alluvium as encountered in a borehole at
Jhalnian (Fatehabad tehsils) is 345.51 metres below ground level. TheAeolian deposits comprising
accumulation of sand blown from Thar Desert of Rajasthan are mostly confined to south-western part
of the district. These sand accumulations occupy vast stretches of land and occur in the shape of
sandy flats, mounds and ridges at places attaining dunal shapes over the sandy flats.
Lithology, geomorphology,
12. The district area forms a part of Indo-Gangetic plain. The area as a whole is almost flat alluvial plain
dotted with sand hummocks and sand dunes. The general altitude of the area varies from 203 to 225 m
amsl and having a gentle slope towards south-westerly direction.Physiographically, the district is
characterized by two distinct features i.e. upland plain and Sand dune clusters.
Contour & DEM,
13. A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital representation of ground surface topography or terrain. It is
also widely known as a digital terrain model (DTM). A DEM can be represented as a raster (a grid of
squares, also known as a height map when representing elevation) or as a triangular irregular network.
The proposed plant location is shown in that Relief map.
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14. For the relief study of the area very higher quality ASTER (Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission
and Reflection Radiometer) DEM is downloaded. These DEMs of the Terra satellite is freely available
for 99% of the globe, and represents elevation at a 30 meter resolution. After downloading the DEMs
the farther processing is done using the ARC GIS 9.3 version.30 m interval contours are generated
using the 3 D Analyst -Surface analysis – Contour option.
Source: Interpitation of Satelite Image
: DEM of the study area
Discussion:
15. Topographically, the study area is almost plain. The general ground slope is from North West to South
East. The digital elevation model and Contour of the project site is shown in the Figure 3.4 and Figure
3.5 with the elevation range 204 – 238 m.
Seismicity
16. According to tectonic map, the district lies on Delhi-Lahore Ridge which is bounded by thrusts. No
earthquake of any significance has originated in the zone in the past. It has, however, experienced
earthquakes originating in the great Himalayan boundary fault and the, Hindu Kush region. The notable
Kangra earthquake of April 4, 1905 and Chamba earthquake of June 22, 1945 affected the district. The
maximum intensity experienced was VI M-M.l and the district has been assigned to zone II in seismic
zoning map of· India where .the maximum seismic intensity may reach VI MM. For important structures
founded on consolidated soil, a provision of horizontal acceleration of 4 per cent gravity and its 50 per
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cent regarding vertical acceleration would ensure a reasonable amount of safety.
Source:http://revenueharyana.gov.in/html/gazeteers/gazetteer_india_hisar.pdf
Source: Interpitation of Satelite Image
: Contour of the study area
Baseline Environment
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: Sampling map of the study area
Parameter Sampling sites Distance(Km) Direction
Air Project site 00 00
Pipli khera 2.42 SE
Lalehri 1.47 SW
Rajalu garhi 4.40 W
Gannour 4.38 NW
Dhauri 4.48 SE
Ground Water Project site 00 00
Pipli khera 2.42 SE
Lalehri 1.47 SW
Rajalu garhi 4.40 W
Gannour 4.38 NW
Dhauri 4.48 SE
Surface water Yamuna river 9.52 E
Soil Project site 00 00
Pipli khera 2.42 SE
Lalehri 1.47 SW
Rajalu garhi 4.40 W
Gannour 4.38 NW
Noise Project site 00 00
Pipli khera 2.42 SE
Lalehri 1.47 SW
Rajalu garhi 4.40 W
Gannour 4.38 NW
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Land use
17. The basic purpose of land use pattern and classification in an EIA study is to identify the manner in
which different parts of land in an area are being utilized or not utilized. Remote sensing data provides
reliable accurate baseline information for land use mapping as it is a rapid method of acquiring up-to-
date information of over a large geological area.
18. A systematic digital image interpretation approach was used to delineate the land use classes. The
present study was focused on demarcating boundaries of different land use/land cover units from an
analysis of different types of colour registrations of land use/land cover units from satellite imagery.
Soil composition and characteristics
19. Soils may be defined as a thin layer of earth's crust that serves as a natural medium for the growth of
plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and
environmental factors. Soils serve as a reservoir of nutrients for plants and crops and also provide
mechanical anchorage and favourable tilts
Representative soil samples from depth (0-15cm) were collected from these villages around
the project site for estimation of the physio-chemical characteristics and microbiological
analysis of soil. Standard methods were followed for the analysis of soil samples.
The International Pipette Method (Black, 1964) was adopted for the
determination of particle size analysis. The textural diagram was generated using "SEE Soil
Class 2.0 version" based on United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) classification of
soils. Physical parameters such bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity were
determined by following KR Box Method (Keen and Raczkowski, 1921).
The samples were examined for various parameters, thus the sampling locations are decided
based on one or more criteria these are:
To determine the existing soil characteristics of the study area;
To determine the impact on soil characteristics due to the activities of the existing industries
located in the study area;
To determine the impact on agricultural productivity of soil due to the proposed activity;
Soil samples were collected from the project site as well as from nearby areas to assess its
physio-chemical characteristics in the study area.
Analysis Results of Soil Sampling
S. No. Parameters
Project site
Pipli Khera lalehri Rajalu garhi
Gannaur Dhauri
1. Texture Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam Sandy Loam Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
i Sand (%) 84 88 89 84 88 89
ii Silt (%) 10 08 06 10 08 06
iii Clay (%) 06 04 05 06 04 05
2. pH 7.94 8.12 7.86 7.94 8.12 7.86
3. EC (mho/cm) 427 398 501 427 398 501
4. Bulk Density (gm/cm3) 1.67 1.68 1.7 1.67 1.68 1.7
5. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (%)
0.621 0.712 0.681 0.621 0.712 0.681
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6. Potassium mg/Kg 49 41 46 49 41 46
7. Nitrogen as N, mg/Kg 19 24 28 19 24 28
8. Phosphrus ,mg/Kg 10 14 16 10 14 16
9. NPK index 24 26 21 24 26 21
10. Exchangeable Ca (meq/100gr)
1.2 0.6 1.1 1.2 0.6 1.1
11. Exchangeable Mg (meq/100gr)
0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4
12. Exchangeable Na (meq/100gr)
<0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 <0.1
13. Organic Carbon (%) 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.9
14. Manganese (meq/100gr) <0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1 <0.1
15. Zinc (meq/100gr) <0.1 <0.1 0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.1
16. Boron (meq/100gr) <0.1 0.1 0.1 <0.1 0.1 0.1
17 Fluoride (meq/mg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1
20. : The soil samples collected from the project site reveal sandy characteristics. The soil is slightly
alkaline. Organic content of the soil in the study area is average with available nitrogen content varying
in the range of 19 mg/kg to 28 mg/kg and available phosphorous content in the range of 10 to 16
mg/kg. Soil of the area is fertile.
Surface Water Environment
Drainage system: There is only a natural stream i.e. Yamuna river the analysis result of the
surface water are as follows
Surface Water Quality in the Study Area S. No.
Parameters Yamuna river
Test protocol
1 Conductivity (μmhos/cm)
629 IS:3025 Part-14
2 pH 7.43 IS:3025 Part-11
3 Total Suspended Solid, mg/l
14 IS:3025 Part-16
4 Total Disolves Solids, mg/l
445 IS:3025 Part-16
5 Oil & Grease, mg/l Nil IS:3025 Part-39
6 Chemical Oxygen demand, mg/l
14 IS:3025 Part-58
7 Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (for 3 days at 27
0C),
mg/l
4.1 IS:3025 Part-44
8 Dissolved Oxygen mg/l
4.1 IS:3025 Part-38
9 Total coliform, MPN/100m
67 IS:3025 Part-43
Source: Water Analysis during study period
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Observation on Surface Water Quality: Surface water quality of the Yamuna river was found to
meet the Best Designated Use – ‘C’ Criteria of CPCB (fit for drinking after conventional treatment).
No metallic contamination was found in surface water of study area. The pond water quality of the
study area is satisfactory. .
Ground Water Environment
Hydrology of the study area is broadly classified into following two categories:
Surface water hydrology consisting of river, stream, canal, ponds, dams, etc.
Ground water hydrology consisting of accumulation of water in deeper strata of ground.
Selected water quality parameters for water resources within 10 km of the study area have
been used for describing the water environment, and assessing the impacts on it. To assess
the water quality impacts, water resources in the impact area have been grouped into two
classes.
Surface water resources including streams, tanks, rivers, etc.
Ground water resources in the deeper strata of the ground
The ground and surface water sampling locations are shown in Figure 3.8 And Table- 3.3
Flow regime
21. The elevation of the water table in the district varies from 188.82 to 224.42 m amsl. The average
gradient of the water table worked out for the district in the order of 0.09 m/km. The overall flow of the
ground water is towards south-west direction. However, in northern, western and south western and
southern parts the ground water flow is towards south western direction whereas in south eastern part
is towards western and north western direction.
Seasonal Fluctuation
22. The seasonal fluctuation in water level ranges from – 2.50 to 2.33 m. In general there is rise in water
table in almost whole of the district. About 67 % of the hydrograph stations has shown seasonal rise in
water levels whereas 33 % has shown seasonal decline.
Aquifer characteristics
23. The principle aquifer material comprises of fine-grained sand mixed with gravel and kanker forms the
potential ground water reservoir. Ground water in the district occurs in the alluvium under water table
and semi confined to confined conditions. In general, the water table (unconfined) aquifers occurs from
10 m to 60 m depth below ground level in the district.
24. The ground water in unconfined condition is abstracted through hand pumps, dug wells and shallow
irrigation tube wells.
Water Quality
25. The study of water environment aspect in the ecosystem is to identify sensitive issues, and to take
preventive measures by maintaining ecological homeostasis. Ground water samples were collected
from different sources within the study area for impact assessment study. Important physical and
chemical parameters were analysed for establishing the water quality status of the study area. Most of
the domestic water requirement is met from ground water sources that are from the bore wells inside
the study area.
26. Preliminary Survey
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27. A reconnaissance survey was conducted and water samples collected and assessed for the water
quality based on the following considerations.
Location of ground water resources
Representative conditions
Potential users
Water resources within 10 km of the study area were selected and water parameter measured
describing the water environment.
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Source: CGWB/192/ch/2007Water table
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Source: CGWB/192/ch/2007
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Source: CGWB/192/ch/2007
Methodology
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28. Ground water from Bore wells and hand pumps cater to the drinking water needs of the villages in the
region. The quality of ground water was assessed by taking samples and analysed as per CPCB
guidelines. The methodology followed for sampling and analysis is as follows:
29. Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were selected based usage and
source. Water samples were collected in pre-washed bottles in ice boxes and analysed later in
laboratory. Physical parameters like Temperature, EC, and pH were monitored onsite
30. Water Quality Assessment
31. The results of water analysis were compared with IS: 10500-1993 drinking water standard to study
their suitability for drinking purpose and surface water were classified on basis of CPCB standard.
Sampling locations for water samples are shown in Figure 3.8
:Ground Water Quality analysis Result
S.No. Parameters Unit Project site
Pipli Khera
lalehri Rajalu garhi
Gannaur Dhauri Permissible Limit
1. pH - 6.94 7.31 7.24 6.94 7.31 7.24 6.5-8.5
2. Turbidity NTU <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5
3. EC µMho/cm 824 904 982 824 904 982 -
4. TDS mg/L 648 691 713 648 691 713 2000
5. Total Alkalinity as CaCo3
mg/L 248 274 266 248 274 266 600
6. Chloride as Cl-
mg/L 58 104 92 58 104 92 250
7. Sulphate as SO42-
mg/L 64 121 106 64 121 106 400
8. Nitrate as NO3
mg/L 05 06 04 05 06 04 100
9. Phosphate as PO4
mg/L 04 05 06 04 05 06
10. Total Hardness as CaCo3
mg/L 158 175 186 158 175 186 300
11. Calcium as Ca
mg/L 86 115 119 86 115 119 75
12. Magnesium as Mg
mg/L 72 60 67 72 60 67 100
13. Sodium as Na
mg/L 25 29 34 25 29 34
14. Potassium as K
mg/L 08 12 18 08 12 18
15. Flouride as F- mg/L 2.1 1.8 2.4 2.1 1.8 2.4 1.5
16. Iron as Fe mg/L 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.30
17. Phenolic Compounds
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.002
18. Cyanide as CN-
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. NR
19. Residual Chlorine as Cl-
mg/L 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.3 1000
20. Cadmium as Cd
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. NR
21. Total Chromium as Cr
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. NR
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22. Lead as Pb mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. NR
23. Zinc as Zn mg/L 1.1 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.5 15
24. Manganese as Mn
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.3
25. Copper as Cu
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 1.5
26. Nickel as Ni mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
27. Total coliforms
MPN/ 100 ml
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
28. E-coli Absent/ml Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent 29. Boron mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 5
30. Anionic Detergents
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 1.0
31. Mineral Oil mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.003
32. Arsenic as As
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 NR
33. Aluminum as Al
mg/L <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.2
34. Mercury as Hg
mg/L N.D. N.D. N.D. <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 NR
35. Pesticides mg/L <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.001
Source: Soil Analysis during study period by Kamal enviro
Discussion:
Observation on Ground water Quality:
32. The pH value of drinking water is an important index of acidity or alkalinity. pH value of the sample vary
from 6.94 to 7.24 in all locations. Electric Conductivity levels vary from 824 to 982 µmho/cm.Total
dissolved solids ranges from 306 to 447 mg/l which is within permissible limit. The total hardness is an
important parameter of water quality. The hardness values in ground water of the study area ranges
between 648 to 713 mg/l which is well within the limit. Flouride contents in water samples is exceeding
the prescribed limit. No biological and metallic contamination has been found in any of the ground
water sample of the study area. All the parameters in ground water sample were well within the
permissible limit of Indian Standard IS: 10500-2012.
Air Quality
33. The ambient air quality in the 10 Km radius study area will form baseline information over which the
predicted impacts can be superimposed to find out the net impact on the air quality in the project
impact area. The design of the network of ambient air quality monitoring stations in the study area was
carried out based on the following criteria:
Meteorological conditions on a synoptic scale;
Topography of the study area;
Representation of the regional background levels;
Influence of the existing sources;
Major human settlements in the study area.
34. Preliminary air sampling and monitoring was carried out in the months 25th May, 2015 to 25th June,
2015 to establish the air quality of the study area. The main sources of air pollution in the study area
are vehicular emission, resuspended dust from the paved and unpaved tracks, fuel burning for
domestic requirements and windblown dust from the open agricultural and waste land. Sampling
locations were selected based upon:
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35. Sensitivity of site, where the construction activity and traffic due to the proposed project will take place.
36. Presence of sensitive receptors such as settlements.
37. Monitoring of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micron (PM10), particulate
matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 micron (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of
Nitrogen (NOx), were conducted twice a week at four locations during the study period
Meteorology
38. Meteorological study exerts a critical influence on air quality as it is an important factor in governing the
ambient air quality. The meteorological data recorded during the study period is used for interpretation
of the baseline information as well as input for air quality simulation models.
39. A meteorological station was installed in the project site at about 10 m above the ground level. All care
was taken to see that the station is free from obstructions to free flow of winds. Wind speed, wind
direction, temperature and relative humidity data was collected daily on hourly basis during the study
period
Climate
40. The climate of Hissar owes to its continental location on the outer margins of the south-west (SW)
monsoon region. It has tropical monsoonal climate and is characterized as arid type of climate. The
district has characteristically four seasons during the year viz., summer (March to May), SW Monsoon
(June to September), Post-Monsoon (October to November) and winter (December to February)
season. SW monsoon also known as summer monsoon brings rain during last week of June to mid-
September. The period from October onward until next June remains almost dry except, few light
showers received due to westerly depressions/western disturbances (WDs). The summers are
generally quite hot and winters are fairly cool. The main characteristics of climate of in the district are
its dryness, extremes of temperature and scanty rainfall. (http://www.hisar.nic.in/climate.aspx)
41. This is one of the important factors deciding the dispersion of air pollutants due to factors like lapse
rate; inversion etc. In the study area during three months study period, it is observed that the
temperature varies between the lowest of 13°C & the maximum of 47°C
42. Relative Humidity:
43. Humidity is measured in terms of Relative Humidity which is the percentage of moisture present in the
air, complete saturation being taken as 100. The greater the “RH” more the air is saturated. The RH
below 30% is also unpleasant which can cause, drying of mucous, sore throat and cough. Moisture
indicates the potentiality for fog formation in relation to the degree of air pollution.
:Micro meteorology during study period
Month Temperature Relative Humidity (%)
23 May to 22 Jun
Min 21 7
Max 47 100
Mean 33.26 41
Source: Field Survey by during study Period
Precipitation
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44. Precipitation serves as a two-fold cleansing action on the pollutants discharged into the atmosphere. It
accelerates the deposition of particulate matter on the ground and hence its removal from the
atmosphere. Precipitation is almost negligible during study period
Temperature in the study area
Wind Speed and Wind Direction
45. Meteorological study exerts a critical influence on air quality as it is an important factor in governing the
ambient air quality. The meteorological data recorded during the study period is used for interpretation
of the baseline information as well as input for air quality simulation models.
-
5,000.00
10,000.00
15,000.00
63
,35
0.0
0
20,000.00 12,000.00 9,000.00 10,000.00 2,000.00 5,000.00
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:Wind Rose Diagram
:Frequency Distribution
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Discussion:
46. The wind rose diagram for the study area is shown in Figure 3.12 the wind class frequency distribution
is shown in Figure 3.13 and the analysis of the average wind pattern shows predominant winds from E
having 16% wind frequency, and other directions that include EENand NE with wind frequencies of
13%, 7% respectively. The calm wind conditions were prevailed for 13.9% of the total time.
: Ambient air quality (during study period)
Location Parameters
PM2.5 (g/m3) PM10 (g/m3) SO2 (g/m3)) NO2 (g/m3)
NAAQ Norms 60 100 80 80
Project Site Max 120 149 10.9 14.8
Min 58 90 6.7 8.7
Mean 88.9 117.5 8.9 11.0
98 Percentile 118.9 148.6 10.8 14.8
Gavad Village Max 115 165 11.6 15.9
Min 61 94 7.3 8.9
Mean 90.6 129.0 9.3 11.3
98 Percentile 113.9 163.6 11.5 15.4
Chaudharywas Max 143 170 12 17.9
Min 78 99 7.9 10.1
Mean 103.2 134.9 10.1 13.7
98 Percentile 139.8 170.0 11.9 17.5
Barwa Max 149 183 12.3 18.4
Min 81 104 8 11.2
Mean 110.1 141.5 10.4 14.8
98 Percentile 147.6 180.8 12.2 18.3
Source: Analysis during Study Period by kamal
47. From the tabulated results it is observed that monitored ambient air quality for SO2 and NOx is within
the limit prescribed in National Ambient Air Quality Standards except concentration of PM2.5 and
PM10 at all four locations, which are more than the prescribed limits due to windblown dust from the
unpaved area..
Noise Environment
48. Noise after a certain level can have a very disturbing effect on the people and animals exposed to it.
Hence, it is important to assess the present noise quality of the area in order to predict the potential
impact of future noise levels due to the proposed project.
49. Noise monitoring was carried out at four locations as shown in Table 3.8.
50. Noise measurements were done using Cygnet Sound Level Meter Model 2031A. Monitoring was
carried out both in the day and night time and accordingly Leq day and night were derived from the
monitored data including the peak values.
51. The results of the monitoring are provided in Table 3.8.Monitored levels were compared against
Ambient Noise Standards prescribed under Gazette Notification 643 of Ministry of Environment and
Forests, Government of India.
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Noise Sampling Location& Result
Station Code Station Name
NQ1 Project site
NQ2 Pipli khera
NQ3 Lalehri
NQ4 Rajalu garhi
NQ5 Gannour
NQ6 Dhauri
Location Code
Project site Project site
Pipli Khera lalehri Rajalu garhi Gannaur Dhauri
Monitoring Date
28/05/2013 28/05/2013 28/05/2013 28/05/2013 28/05/2013 28/05/2013 28/05/2013
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Noise Level (dBA)
Time Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq Hrly. Leq
Maximum 46.5 64.1 60.2 53.4 60.2 53.4 53.4
Minimum 39.2 40.2 39.4 39.7 39.4 39.7 39.7
Ld 43.5 58.3 54.2 48.6 54.2 48.6 48.6
Ln 41.2 41.6 41.1 41.2 41.1 41.2 41.2
L dn 47.8 57.1 53.4 49.7 53.4 49.7 49.7
Source: Analysis during Study Period
52. Noise levels at all the locations were observed within norms.
Ecological Environment
Project Site
53. The project site is predominantly agricultural land. The waste land is without any vegetation and only
sparsely scattered plants of Leonotis sp., Lantana sp., Calotropis spp, Croton sp., Zyziphus sp.,
Xanthium Straumarium, etc are growing. There is no forest land involved within the project site. The
project area is predominantly double crop agriculture land. In between the agricultural fields, at the
bund of the plots trees have been planted in scattered manner. There are about few Eucalyptus spp
trees growing in the project site, out of which the plant area located in the central part of the project
area contains small trees.
Study Area
54. The study area is almost plain in topography. The plain areas are best utilized for cultivation during
kharif and Rabi seasons. Tree species found in cultivated fields, waste lands and habitations are Jand,
Rohera, Khairi, Beri, Reru, Jal Or Van, Barh, Peepal, Mesquite or Pahari Kikar, Kachnar, Amaltas,
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Lasura, Imli, Banna, etc. Shisham, Kikar, Siris, Neem, Bakain Gultmohar. Parkinsonia Eucalyptus, etc.
have been planted along rail, road and canal strips and in other private areas. Eucalyptus is also
planted in agricultural and under farm forestry scheme. The Jand, Farash, Khairi, Castor, kana and
Ruhera have been planted to check soil erosion by high velocity winds.
55. Shrubs found are Hins, Bansa, Panwar, Babool, Karir, Phoa, Khip and Ak. Medicinal herbs found in the
district are Bansa, Indirain, Asgandha, Glo, Kharuthi, Bhakhra, Dhatura, etc. Their collection becomes
uneconomical because these are available in scattered form.
56. The important grasses found in the district are Anjan, Dhamang, Dub, Kana and Dabh. Anjan, Dhaman
and Dub which are palatable fodder grasses are dwindling on account of uncontrolled grazing. The
grasses in waste, lands are poor in quality and quantity. The plant species found in the study area is
given in Table 4.7b. The authenticated list of flora and fauna found in the study area is given in
Annexure V.
Flora in Study Area
Trees Botanical Names Shrubs Botanical Names
Jand Prosopis cineraria (L) Druce. Hins Capparis sepiaria L. Carissa
Rohera Tecomella undulata (Sm.)Seem. spinarum L.
Khairi Acacia senegal (L.)Wild Castor Ricinus Communis L.
Beri Zizyphusw mauritiana (Lam.)
Syn. Z. Panwar Cassia tora L., Cassia occidentallis L.
Jujuba (Lam.) (non Mill.)
Reru Acacia Leucophloea (Roxb.) Wild Babool Acacia jacquemontii Benth.
Jal or van Salvadora oleoides Decne. Mallah Zizyphus nummularia (Burm. f.) Wight
Barh Ficus bengalensis L. and Arn.
Peepal Ficus religiosa L. Karir Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew.
Mesquite or
pahari kikar Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) Dc. Phoa Calligonum polygonoides L.
Kachnar Bauhinia racemosa Lamk Khip Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsk.) Decne.
Amaltas Cassia fistula L. Syn. L. spartium Wight.
Lasura Cordia dichotema Forst. f. Syn.
C. myxa Ak Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br.
auctt. plur. (non Linn.) C. Medical Herbs
Imli Tamarindus indica L. Bansa Adhatoda vasida Nees.
Banna Cratava adansoni DC. Subsp.
odora Indirain Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schard.
(Buch.Ham.) Jacobs Syn. C.
religiosa forst. f. nurvala Asgandha Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
(Buch.Ham) Hook.f. and Thorn. Glo Tinospera Cordifolia Miers ex. Hock.
Shisham Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. F. & T. Thoms.
Kikar Acacia nilotica (L) Delila ex Del. Kharuthi Sida acuta Burm. f.
Subsp. indica (Benth) Brenan
syn. A. Dhatura Datura stramonium L.
arabica auct non Wild. Bhakhra Tribulus terrestrial L.
Siris Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. D. Grasses
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Source: Field Survey
The ecological features of the study area can be described under following heads:
ii) Plantations around Human Settlements
57. Near the villages, the vegetation pattern abruptly changes from that in the agricultural fields. The
species found are given in Table 4.7d. The trees grown are mostly of economic importance. Among the
fruit trees mostly Mango, Guava, Ber, Neebu, Banana, Papaya, etc are grown. Among the non-fruit
trees Neem, Karanj, etc are grown.
: List of Trees/Shrubs Growing in and Around Human Settlement
Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name
Albezzia lebbeck Siris Mangifera indica Mango
Annona squamosa Sita Phal Moringa oleifera Saijan
Azadirchta indica Musa sapientum Kela
Bougainvellea spectabilis Bougainvellea Pongamia pinnata Karanj
Carica papaya Papita Tamarindus indica Imli
Citrus lemon Nimbu Zyziphus sp. Ber
Delonix regia Gulmohar Embelica officinalis Aonla / Amloki
Eucalyptus hybrid Eucalyptus Psidium guajava Amrud
Ficus bengalensis Bargad Polyalthia longifolia Ashok
Ficus religiosa Peepal Ricinus communis Rendi Source: Field Survey
Waste land
58. Wasteland has developed in the area where the soil conditions are poor and under high biotic
pressure. Places where soil conditions are not appropriate to support plant growth are also seen in the
area. All such areas are either without any vegetation or are covered with species like Lantana sp.,
Calotropis spp, Croton sp., Zyziphus sp., Leonotis sp., Xanthium straumarium, etc.
Endangered Plants
59. The study area did not record the presence of any critically threatened species.
Fauna and avifauna
60. There are no forest stretches in the study area. The animals and avi-fauna found in the study area is
given Tables 3.11 and 3.12, respectively.
: List of Faunal Species and their Conservation Status in Study Area
Neem Azadirachta indica Juss. Syn.
Melia Anjan Cenchrus ciliaris L.
azadirachta L. Dhamanq Cenchrus setigerus Vahl.
Bakain Melia azedarach L. Dub Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Gulmohar Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Kana Saccharum bengalense Retz. (Syn. Erian
thus munja (Roxb.) Jesw.
Parkinsonia Parkinsonia aculeata L. Dabh Desmostachya bipinnatta (L.) Stapf.
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Name Scientific Name WLPAS Name Scientific Name WLPAS
Mammals
Blackbuck Antilope
cervicapra I Indian hare
Lepus nigricollis
ruficaudatus IV
Nilgai / Blue Bull Boselaphus
tragocamelus III
Rhesus
Macaque /
Bandar
Macaca mulatta II
Indian Jackal Canis aureus II Indian Field
Mouse Mus booduga V
Jungle Cat Felis chaus II Mice Mus musculus V
Palm Squirrels Funambulus
pennanti IV
Common
Langur
Presbytis
entellus II
Chinkara or ravine deer Gazella gazella I Common house
Rat Rattus rattus V
Common Mongoose Herpestres
edwardsii II Bandar
Rhesus
macaque II
Indian Porcupine Hystrix indica IV Common yellow
bat
Scotophilus
heathi V
Reptiles
Garden
Lizard /
Kiria or
girgit Calotes versicolor - Mendhak Rana tigrana IV
Common
Skink
Mabuya
macularia - Blind snake
Typhlops
parrectus IV
Nag
Naja naja II Sanda Uromastrix
hardwickii II
Yellow Rat Snake Plyas mucosus II Russel’s Viper Vipera russelii II
Amphibians
Toad Bufo bufo - Indian
burrowing frog Rana breviceps IV
Common toad Bufo
melanostictus -
Indian cricket
frog
Rana
limnocharis IV
Tortoise Geoclemys
hamitloni I Indian bull frog Rana tigrina IV
Source: Field Survey
List of Birds and their Conservation Status in the Study Area
Common Name Scientific Name WLPAS Common Name Scientific Name WLPAS
Jungle Myna Acridotheres
fuscus fuscus IV
Northern green
barbet
Megalaima
zeylanica IV
Common Mynah Acridotheres
tristris IV Crested bunting Melophus lathami IV
Small blue
kingfisher Alcedo atthis IV
Indian small
green bee-eater Merops orientalis IV
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis - Pariah Kite Milvus migrans -
Common crow Centropus IV Pied Wagtail Motacilla IV
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pheasant sinensis maderaspatensis
Indian pied
kingfisher Ceryle rudis IV Painted Stork
Mycteria
leucocephala IV
Blue Rock Pegion Columba livia IV Indian purple
sunbird Nectarinia asiatica IV
Indian magpie robin Copsychus
saularis IV
Indian golden
oriole Oriolus oriolus IV
Blue jay Coracias
benghalensis IV Tailor Bird
Orthotomus
sutorius IV
Jungle Crow Corvus
macrorhynchos IV House Sparrow Passer domesticus -
Common Crow Corvus splendens V Peafowl Pavo cristatus I
Common quail Coturnix coturnix IV Baya Weaver
Bird Ploceus philiphinus IV
Black Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis IV Large Indian
parakeet Psittacula eupatria IV
Northern golden
backed woodpecker
Dinopium
benghalense IV
Rose-ringed
Parakeet Psittacula krameri IV
Lal munia Estrilda amandava - Red Vent Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer IV
Koel Eudynamis
scolopacea -
White eared
bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis IV
Black Partridge Francolinus
francolinus IV Little Brown Dove
Streptopelia
senganis IV
Red Jungle Fowl Gallus gallus IV Common Green
Pigeon
Treron
phoenicoptera IV
Saras Grus antigone IV Jungle Babbler Turdoides caudatus IV
White breasted
kingfisher
Halcyon
smyrnensis IV Hoopoe Upupa epops IV
Stilts Himantopus
himantopus Lapwing Vanellus spp -
Indian spotted
munia
Lonchura
punctulata IV Coppersmith
Megalaima
haemacephala IV
Source: Field Survey
Socio-Economic Environment
61. The Study Area of 10 km radial Zone mainly falls in the Hisar Tehsil of HisarDistrct, Siwani Tehsil of
Bhiwani District in Haryana and Bhadra Tehsil of Hanumangarh District in Rajsthan. There are total 17
Villages in Study Area, out of which 9 villages belong to Hisar Tehsil, 5 villages belongs to Siwani
Tehsil and 3 Villages belongs to Bhadra Tehsil.
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: Administrative setup of study area (radius 10 km)
Demographic Profile
Population
62. Total Population of the Study area as per Census of India, 2001 is 56464, the total number of
Household being 9922. Total Male Population of the Study area is 29967 and total Female Population
of the Study Area is 26497. Village-wise details of population are given in Table 3.13
: Village-wise Population Details of Study Area
State District Tehsil Village No. of
Household
Total
Population
Male
Population
Female
Population
Haryana Hisar Hisar
Gawar(19) 443 2584 1362 1222
Chaudhriwas(18) 1005 5847 3081 2766
Gorchhi(20) 662 3686 1947 1739
PaniharChak(17) 560 3136 1677 1459
Chiraud(14) 457 2589 1401 1188
RawalwasKalan(51) 516 2931 1565 1366
Bherian(16) 432 2365 1291 1074
Sarsana(21) 877 5009 2734 2275
BhiwaniRuhelan(50) 508 3006 1544 1462
Total 5460 31153 16602 14551
Study area(17 villages)
Hanuman garh district(3 villages)
Hissar district (9 villages)Bhiwani
district(5 villages)
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Bhiwani Siwani
Siwani (Rural) (128) 74 382 231 151
Barwa (133) 1715 9829 5213 4616
Naloi (132) 458 2698 1389 1309
Gurera (131) 752 4140 2199 1941
Kikral(129) 267 1629 866 763
Total 3266 18678 9898 8780
Rajsthan Hanuman
garh Bhadra
BIBIPURA 165 936 495 441
SHERARA 841 4663 2429 2234
MEHRIYAN 190 1034 543 491
Total 1196 6633 3467 3166
Grand Total 9922 56464 29967 26497
Source: Cencus Data 2001
Source:Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
: Tehsil wise population of the Study Area
Sex Ratio
63. The Sex Ratio of the Study area is 884 Female / 1000 Male.
SC / ST Population
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Hisar Siwani Bhadra Total
Hisar (HR) Bhiwani (HR) Hanumangarh (RJ)
Total Population Male Population Female Population
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64. Only 21.31% of the Total population of the study area belongd to SC/ST Populations as depicted in
following Figure 3.18.
Source:Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
: Percentage of SC/ST Population in Study Area
Literacy Rate
65. Literacy Rate of the study area is 50.7 %. Distribution of male and female literacy rate in the study zone
is 62.2% and 37.6% respectively. Gender-wise distribution of literacy in each Patwari Circle of Study
Area is given in Figure 3.17.
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Male Female Male Female Male Female
Hisar Siwani Bhadra
Hisar (HR) Bhiwani (HR) Hanumangarh (RJ)
General SC ST
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Source:Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
: Gender-wise Distribution of Literacy in Study Area
Workers Scenario
66. As revealed from Census of India 2001, 50% population of the Study Area are Non-workers. Main and
marginal Workers constitutes approximately 38 % and 12% respectively as depicted in Figure 3.18.
The Genderwise distribution of Workers in the study area is also given in Figure 3.21.
Source: Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Male Female Male Female Male Female
Hisar Siwani Bhadra
Hisar (HR) Bhiwani (HR) Hanumangarh (RJ)
Literates Illiterates
Main Workers38%
Marginal Workers12%
Non Workers50%
Workers Scenario
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Workers Scenario of Study Area
Source: Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
Genderwise Distribution of Workers
Main Workers: A considerable percentage of Main workers in the Study area belong to casual labours 69%,
agricultural labours 7%,household workers constitutes 2% andother workers 4% respectively.
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Total Male Female
Main Workers Marginal Workers Non Workers
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Source: Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
: Types of Main Workers in Study Area
67. Marginal Workers: A considerable percentage of Marginal workers in the Study area belong to casual
labours 47%, agricultural labours 20%,household workers constitutes 5% andother workers 28%
respectively.
Source: Analysys of Cencus Data 2001
: Types of Marginal Workers in Study Area
Casual Labour69%
Agricultural Labour7%
Household Workers
2%
Other Workers22%
Main Workers
Casual Labour47%
Agricultural Labour20%
Household Workers5%
Other Workers28%
Marginal Workers
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Infrastructure
Education facilities
68. There are 32 Primary Schools, 24 Middle schools, 19 Secondary Schools, 7 Higher Secondary Schools
and there is no College in Study Area. 16 villages have primary School, 14 villages have Middle and
Secondry School and 7 villages have atleast one higher secondry school.
Health facilities
69. There are nohospitals in the study area. 4 Ayurvedic Dispensaries have in Study Area. There are 4
Primary Health Centre and 10 Primary Health Sub-centres found in the study Area. However, several
private medical practitioner and community health workers are also found.
Communication Facilities
70. There are 10 post office found in the study area. 196 Telephone connections were observed.
Banking Facilities
71. 4 Banks and 22 Credit Societies are found within the Villages of Study Area. A comprehensive List of
Infrastructures present in the Study Area is given in Table 3.14.
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Village-wise details of Basic facilities in Study Area
PS =Primary School, UPS = UpperPrimary School, SS = Secondary School, HS = HigherSecondary school, PrHS = PrivateHigherSecondary School,
PHSC = Primary Health Sub-Centre, PHC = Primary Health Centre, AyD = Ayurvedic Dispensary, VF = Veternary Facility, HD = Homeopathic Dispensary,
AlD = Alopathic Dispensary, HH = Homeopathic Hospital, AlH = AlopathicHospital, AlD = Alopathic Dispensary,
WW = Well Water, TW= Tap Water, HP = Handpump
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O
ffi
c
e
Tel
eph
one
Co
nne
ctio
n
B
a
n
k
Cr
ed
it
S
oc
iet
y
Sou
rce
of
Wat
er
P
o
w
er
S
u
p
pl
y
A
p
pr
.
P
a
v
e
d
R
o
a
d
Com
muni
catio
n
facili
ties
(Bus
servi
ces)
Ha
ry
an
a
Hisa
r
Hi
sa
r
Gawar
(19) 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 9 0 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Chaud
hriwas
(18) 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 28 1 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Gorch
hi(20) 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Panih
arCha
k(17) 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
TW,
WW A A Y
Chirau
d(14) 2 1 1 0 0 0
1
AY 0 0 1 0 0 1
TW,
HP A A Y
Rawal
wasKa
lan(51
) 3 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
TW,
WW A A Y
Bheria
n(16) 1 1 1 0 0 0
1
AY 0 1 0 0 0 1
TW,
WW A A Y
Sarsa
na(21) 5 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 16 0 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Bhiwa
niRuh
elan(5
0) 1 1 1 0 0 0
1
AY 0 1 0 2 0 1
TW,
WW A A Y
Total 19 15 13 3 0 0 3
2 6 6 56 1 9 - - - -
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AY
Bhi
wani
Si
w
an
i
Siwani
(Rural)
(128) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 9
TW,
WW A N N
Barwa
(133) 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 105 1 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Naloi
(132) 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 0 1
TW,
WW
, HP A A Y
Gurer
a
(131) 3 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 18 1 1
TW,
WW A A Y
Kikral(
129) 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
TW,
HP A A Y
Total 7 5 4 4 0 0 0 2 4 3 140 2 12 - - - -
Ra
jst
ha
n
Han
uma
ngar
h
B
ha
dr
a
BIBIP
URA 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -
A A Y
SHER
ARA 4 4 2 0 0 0
1
AY 0 0 1 0 1 1
TW,
HP A A Y
MEHR
IYAN 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -
A A Y
Total 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 - - - -
Grand Total 32 24 19 7 0 0 4
AY 4
1
0
1
0 196 4 22 - - - -
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CHAPTER 4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1. Prelude
Prediction of environmental impacts is the most important component in the impact
assessment study, as it provides quantitative information on anticipated environmental
impacts from a project well in advance. Several mathematical/statistical techniques and
methodologies are available for predicting impacts from developmental projects on the
surrounding physico-chemical, ecological and socio-economic components of
environment. The results obtained from the predictions are superimposed over the
baseline data (pre-project) of study area to derive the ultimate (post-project) scenario of
environmental quality status in the study area around the proposed project site. The
quantitative impacts derived from predictions are also essential to delineate effective
environmental management plan for minimizing the adverse impacts on the surrounding
environment during construction and operation phases of the project.
The following sections identify the potential impacts on the environment from the
proposed project based on the nature and extent of the various activities associated with
the project implementation and operation, as well as the current status of the
environmental quality at the project site. Both beneficial (positive) and adverse
(negative) impacts are considered.
4.2. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during construction phase
Construction activities are normally spread over pre-construction, preparatory
construction, machinery installation and commissioning stages and end with the
induction of manpower and start-up.
Preparatory construction phase mainly consists of transportation of machinery,
equipment and materials to the site for construction, clearing and leveling of land,
construction of foundations, buildings and approach roads.
4.2.1. Air Environment
Impact:
The sources of air emission during construction phase will include site clearing, vehicles
movement, materials storages and handling and operation of construction equipment.
Emissions from them are expected to result in temporary degradation of air quality,
primarily in the working environment affecting construction employees. However, dust
This chapter details the inferences drawn from the environmental impact assessment
ofthe proposed project. It describes the overall impacts of the project activities
andunderscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. Predictions
havebeen done based on the various quantitative and qualitative methods suggested
byMinistry of Environment & Forests, New Delhi.
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generation and particulate matter rise in the ambient air will be coarse and will settle
within a short distance close to the construction sites. Hence, dust and other emissions
are unlikely to spread sufficiently to affect the surroundings of the construction site.
During construction phase, traffic at theroad which connects with the projectsiteis
expected to be slightly more intensive than the traffic at present. However due to well
connectivity of the site with NH-1, which is located at distance of 0.25 km from the
project site, significant stress on the traffic is not anticipated. The present road
conditions are good for the proposed additional movement of vehicular traffic. Hence the
impacts on the ambient air quality during construction phase will be temporarily for short
duration, reversible in nature and restricted to small area.
Fugitive dust sources associated with construction phase include vehicular traffic
generating fugitive dust on paved and unpaved roads, aggregate material handling, and
other aggregate processing operations.
Mitigation Measures:
4.2.1.1 Dust Control
Paving is an appropriate solution for access road to the project. Another appropriate use
of paving is for parking lots and for material storage areas, where gravel cover is not
adequate for dust control or erosion.
Locally found gravels can also be applied to access roads and to add a protective layer
over the exposed soil and helps to control dust generation. However, gravels shall
contain a minimal percentage of fines and clean gravel shall be added periodically, as
the fines migrate to the surface and create dust.
Water spray, through water trucks is an effective way to keep dust under control.
Sprinklers can also be employed to deliver continuous moisture in dust prone areas.
Vehicles running at high speed may increase the amount of fugitive dust created from
unpaved areas. Hence reduction in the speed of vehicle to 20 km/hr. is suggested so as
to reduce emissionsfrom vehicular traffic by a large extent.
Care shall be taken to keep all material storages adequately covered and contained so
that they are not exposed to winds on site,whichcould lead generation of dust/
particulate emissions. Usage of fabrics and plastics for covering piles of soils and debris
can serve as an effective means to reduce fugitive dust from the material stores/
warehouses.
Spills of dirt or dusty materials shall be cleaned up promptly so that the spilled materials
do not become a source of fugitive emission.
Spilled concrete slurries or liquid wastes shall be contained/ cleaned up immediately
before itsinfiltration into soil/ ground or runoff in nearby areas.
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4.2.1.2 Gaseous Emissions Control
Regular maintenance of machinery and equipment will be carried out.
All the vehicles used for construction activity shall be checked for ‗Pollution under
Control‘. Ambient air quality monitoring should be carried out during construction phase.
If monitored parameters are above the prescribed limits, suitable control measures must
be taken.
4.2.2. Noise Environment
Impact:
The general noise levels during construction phase viz., due to working of heavy earth
moving equipment and machinery installation may sometimes go up to 90 dB(A) at the
work sites during day time. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an
equivalent noise level of 80-90 dB (A) in 8 hours shift for which all statutory measures
will be implemented. Use of proper personal protective equipment will further mitigate
any adverse impact of noise to the workers.
The noise generation will be considerable during such type of large scale construction
activities. Typical noise sources during construction phases are mentioned in Table 4.1.
Different phases of construction activities at project site are scheduled to take place for
about 4 - 6 months. The impacts during construction phase are temporary and will be
marginal. Necessary mitigative measures are required to be implemented during
construction period. The noise impact will be relatively more on construction workers
during their duty hours, which will be mitigated to comply occupational exposure
standards alongwith usage of personal protective devices like ear muffs/plugs etc.
whichwould further minimize the noise impacts.
It is anticipated that the increase in the ambient noise levels will be temporary and are
likely to occur for short duration.
Table 4.1 : Typical Noise Sources during Construction Phase
Description Noise Level dB(A)
Earth Movers
Dozers 95-100
Front Loaders 72-84
Backhoes 72-93
Tractors 76-96
Tippers/Trucks 82-94
Material Handlers
Concrete mixers 75-83
Concrete pumps 81-83
Cranes (movable) 75-86
Vehicular Traffic 85-98
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(Construction material & plant machinery)
Stationary Equipment
DG Sets 90-95
Pumps 69-71
Compressors 74-86
Impact Based Equipment
Pneumatic Wrenches 83-88
Jack hammer 81-98
Pile drivers (peak) 95-105
Mitigation Measures:
There will be increase in ambient noise levels during the construction phase due to all
the project activities during construction phase, which will be temporary in nature and for
a shorter duration (i.e. construction phase). The measures described below will be able
to mitigate the noise levels generated at site:
Provision of rubber padding/ noise isolators
Provision of silencers to modulate the noise generated by machines.
Provision of protective devices like ear muff/plugs to the workers.
As far as possible no construction activities will be carried out during night time.
Maintenance of construction equipments shall be carried out in appropriate
manner. This shall be ensured through the provision laid under the various
contracts with the contractors.
Vehicular movement towards the construction sites shall be properly regulated to
minimize air and noise pollution.
Movement of trucks shall be controlled during night time.
4.2.3. Water Environment
Impact:
On the basis of construction activities,during the construction phase of the project, total
water requirement is estimated to be…. LD. This requirement of water will be fulfilled
from the HSIIDC. Sewage will be sent to septic tank during the construction phase.
Adequate drainage system will be required for channelization of the run off water to
avoid water logging which would be further utilized during the construction phase for the
proposed plant. Therefore, no long term adverse impact on water quality (surface as well
as ground) is anticipated during construction phase.
Mitigation Measures:
4.2.3.1 Construction Wastewater Management
Wastewater generated during the construction phase of the project. Water will be used
only for curing of concrete, which will be absorbed by land or will get evaporated. A
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separate drainage shall be provided for the construction wastewater and collected in a
separate basin. If required, water shall be discharged into the drain only after its
pretreatment including filtration and removal of contaminants in accordance with the
standards prescribed for disposal.
4.2.3.2 Sanitation
The construction work force will use water for drinking and other the sanitation purposes.
The sewage so generated should be disposed off in sceptic tank.
4.2.4. Land Environment
Impact:
Soil around construction site, haulage road, and workshop areas, will get compacted due
to transportation of man, machine and materials. Soil may also get contaminated around
construction site, machine maintenance area, fuelling station, and internal road
construction material storage (not much involved) & preparation site and haulage road.
No soil erosion is anticipated due to the construction activities during the rainy season,
as the project site located in the flat land of industrial area.
Mitigation Measures:
Measures for top soil preservation, soil erosion & sedimentation control are given below:
To keep the damage to topsoil minimum, excavators shall be used for
construction. The excavated material such as topsoil shall be stacked at safe
places for reuse at a later stage of construction.
Preserving existing vegetation or re-vegetation of disturbed soils is one of the
most effective ways to control soil erosion, which shall be ensured by the project
proponent.
During dry weather, control of the dust nuisance created by excavation, levelling,
and transportation activities shall be carried out by water sprinkling.
Spill prevention and control plans shall be made, clearly stating measures to stop
the source of the spill, to contain the spill, to dispose the contaminated material
and hazardous wastes including chemicals, paints, cleaners, and petroleum
products.
Movement of construction vehicles, machinery and equipment shall be restricted
to the pre-defined haulage roads. The non-usable, non-saleable, non-hazardous
construction waste shall be disposed off in the properly delineated places.
Usable or saleable waste shall not be disposed off to landfill.
All efforts shall be made to prevent soil contaminations. Following measures shall be
taken to ensure the same:
No fuelling/ repairing of vehicles at the project site shall be permitted, as the
volume of construction activities is very limited.
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To avoid the soil contamination at the wash down areas, ―oil interceptors‖ shall
be provided.
Oil and grease spill and oil soaked materials shall be sold off only to Haryana
SPCB/ CPCB authorized vendors respectively.
4.2.5. Materials (Chemicals, Input material) and Waste ( Solidand Hazardous) Management:
During construction phase, solid waste such as excavated soil, debris, metal waste and
oil & grease from construction machines will be generated. This waste may contaminate
soil at plant site temporarilywhich would be restricted to a small area. Excavated topsoil
will be used for backfilling/ plantation and as soon as construction is over, all wastes
from the site will be cleared in appropriate manner. This shall be strictly carried out in
compliance withtheregulatory requirements.
During the construction phase, hydraulic oil, fuels and lubricating oils will be used. There
is potential for accidental spills while re-fuelling or servicing vehicles and through the
breakage due to wear and tear. Procedures for maintenance of equipment will ensure
that this risk is minimized and cleanup response is rapid, if any spill occurs.
During construction phase, waste oil will be generated as and when lubricating oil is
changed. Waste oil will be collected through the drain ports and stored in leak proof steel
drums. The waste oil drums will be properly identified and its contents shall be labeled
both in local language (Hindi) and English. It will be mainly disposed off by selling to
appropriate vendors as per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans
boundary Movement) Rules, 2008.
Municipal waste will be minimal as most of workforce will be from nearby areas. The
waste so generated will be collected and segregated and will be sent to municipal waste
disposal site allocated by the local administrative authorities. Hence impacts will be
insignificant and confined to the construction site only.
Mitigation Measures:
The best option of solid and hazardous waste management is to reduce its generation at
source with the help of following good practices in construction management:
Hazardous materials shall not be stored near surface waters and shall be stored
near plastic sheeting to prevent leaks and spills.
The recyclable items like metal, plastic shall be sent torecyclable industry, and
rest of this scrap shall be stored in a covered area.
Wherever materials (aggregates, sand, etc.) are morelikely to generate fine
airborne particles during operations, nominal wetting by water shall bepracticed.
Workers / labour shall be given proper air masks and helmets.
Skilled labour and good workmanship is mustforjudicious utilization of materials
and minimization the waste.
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Contaminated runoff from storage shall be capturedin ditches or ponds with an oil
trap at the outlet.
Utmost care shall be taken to store these materials at a suitable place and then
disposed off at a place in consultation with and as per the guidelines of Haryana
SPCB/CPCB
4.2.6. Socio-Economic Environment
Impact:
All the activities to be carried out during the planning, and construction phases will
require skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled labours, hence creating temporary as well as
permanent employment for the local people. The workforce required during the
construction phase will be about 10 persons. Most of the unskilled and semi-skilled
labour will be by and large available from the nearby villages. Details of man power
requirement during construction and operation phase given in section 2.12. Thus, impact
on the physical and aesthetic resources will be minimal. Further, local skilled, semiskilled
and unskilled labourers will get direct and indirect employment during the construction
phase. This might also result in a steep rise in wages of theagriculturallabourers living in
surrounding villages, especially at the time of harvesting. Hence, the short-term positive
impacts on socio-economic conditions of the area are anticipated during the construction
phase.
Mitigation Measures:
Short term positive impacts will result in better quality of life. The project proponent/
contractors shall ensure that most of the workforce shall be engaged from the nearby
villages/ town.
4.2.7. Occupational Health and SafetyManagement
Impact:
A construction site forms a potentially hazardous environment due to the various
construction activities, involvement of heavy construction machinery, vehicular
movement etc. To ensure health and safety of the workers during construction, with
effective provisions for the basic facilities of sanitation, drinking water, safety of
equipment or machinery etcAny accident happens in the project site can affect the
construction workers..
Mitigation Measures:
Comply with the safety procedures, norms and guidelines (as applicable) as
outlines in the Constructional Practices and Safety, 2005, National Building Code
of India, Bureau of Indian Standards.
Training module on construction safety shall be prepared and impart training to
the construction workers.
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To ensure that the surrounding population is not exposed to these hazards, the
site shall be properly secured by fencing or by construction of a boundary wall
and also guards shall be posted at entry points.
First aid facilities shall be created at different locations for immediate assistance
in case of emergencies and accidents.
Important information about nearby hospitals, fire stations, police station etc.
should be kept available in the first aid centres for speedy action at the time of
emergency.
In case inflammable materials are to be kept at the site, they shall be stored and
handled in accordance with guidelines of Inspectorate of Safety and Health of the
State and Central Governments.
Fire extinguishers shall be located at all vulnerable sites.
4.3. Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Project Operation
The operation stage impacts will largely be associated with operation of the
Manufacturing Unit. The impacts associated with this phase are described below:
4.3.1. Air Environment
4.3.2. Impact:
The main sources of air pollution due to the operation of the plant will be the emissions
(from crubbing system vents of reactor streams), and DG sets. The continuous source
of air emission will be stacks attached with scrubber, boiler and incinerator only. DG sets
will be used for power backup only. HCl, AmmoniaandVOCare the main concern of
process emission from the reactors. PM, SO2 and NOx are the main air pollutant
generated from the utility units.
4.3.2.1 Air Quality Dispersion Model
Air dispersion modelling can be used to predict atmospheric concentrations of pollutants
at specific locations (receptors) over specific averaging times (i.e. annual, daily, and
hourly).
In the proposed project, prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out by
employing mathematical model based on a Steady State Gaussian Plume Dispersion
Model designed for multiple point sources for short term. In the present case, Industrial
Source Complex Short-term [ISCST3] dispersion model based on steady state Gaussian
Plume Dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term and developed by
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has been used for simulations
from point sources.
The predictions for air quality during operation phase were carried out for particulate
matter less than 10 microns (PM10), particulate matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5),
oxides of sulphur (SOx), oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), from the process stacks
concentration using ISCST3.
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The options used for short-term computations are:
The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always
limited to that of the mixing layer
Stack tip down-wash is not considered
Buoyancy induced dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume
dispersion during the ascension phase
Calms processing routine is used by default
Wind profile exponents is used by default
Flat terrain is used for computation
Pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation
No pollutant removal by dry deposition
Universal Transverse Meter (UTM) coordinates have been used for
computation
A uniform polar grid was used with an extent of 10 km from the centre of the
proposed project. In addition to that, receptors were placed at the sampling
locations to assess the incremental load on the baseline environmental
scenario.
Meteorological Parameters:
The meteorological data consisting of wind speed, direction, temperature, humidity, solar
radiation, cloud cover and rainfall was recorded from the mid of March through June,
2014, on an hourly basis. Wind speed, wind direction and temperature have been
processed to extract the 24 hourly mean meteorological data for application in ISCST3.
Stack and Emission Characteristics:
The major source of emissions is from the stacks attached to boiler, incinerator and six
process stacks (through scrubber) during the manufacturing of APIs at the proposed
project. The stack and emission characteristics pertaining to the stacks present in the
proposed plant are reported in Table 4.5. The modelling has been carried out as per the
guidelines of the CPCB.
Due to the lack of NAAQS limit prescribed by CPCB and United States Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA), 200g/m3for bromine and 700 g/m3for acid misthas been
taken from North Carolina‘s Division of Air Quality (NCDAQ) Ambient Air Levels (AALs)
respectively.
Receptor Locations:
A total of about 108 polar grid receptors were considered over a 10 km zone around the
project site. Apart from these polar grid receptors, the sampling locations were also
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taken into account to assess the incremental load on the baseline environmental
scenario.
Table 4.2 : Stack Details
S. No.
Stacks Stack
Height
(m)
Stack
Diameter (m)
Stack
Exit Flow Rate (m
3/h
r)
Stack Temper
ature (°C)
Emissions (g/sec)
SO2 NOx
PM
10 PM2.
5 HCl Bro
mine
NH3 VOC
1 Process Scrubber
22 0.15 270 25 0.0043
- - - 0.0018
0.0014
- 0.0069
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Figure 4.1 : Isopleth of Ground level Concentration of SOx
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4.3.3. Foul Odour Problem
Impact
Some of the processes and wastes generated from the plant may release high odour.
Undesirable odour contributes to air quality concerns and affect human lifestyles. On the
economic front, loss of property value near odour-causing operations/industries and
odorous environment is partly a consequence of offensive odour.
Mitigation Measures:
4.3.3.1 Control of VOC and fugitive Emissions
To control VOC emissions chilled brine system of 35°C and 15°C in vent
condensers will be installed.
Sampling points will be provided with double valve followed by suction hoods
which will be connected to ducting system leading to charcoal bed.
Odour causing raw materials will be charged in closed chambers with exhaust of
chambers connected to ducting system leading to waste gas incineration/
scrubbing system/ Charcoal Bed.
All waste storage tanks and waste preparation and raw material storage tanks
will be connected to vacuum system. These off gases will be incinerated in the
incinerator. Well designed two/three stage scrubbing system will be provided as
a standby to gas incineration. The change over from incinerator to Scrubbing or
vice-versa will take place through a fully automated system with no human
interface.
All tanks being used for storage of odorous chemicals/ products/ by-products will
be connected to vacuum system. Manometers will be provided on these tanks.
The vacuum will be monitored on daily basis and actions will be taken
accordingly.
4.3.3.2 Additional Measures
Odour rounds by non-plant personnel will hold regular meetings and ―odour
rounds‖ in the factory premises for ensuring effective implementation of odour
control measures.
As a long term measure to improve the environment, plantation of trees within
factory premises as well as along the nearby roads is proposed.
All critical vessels, pumps and reactors which have potential to generate odour
will be fitted with mechanical seals to prevent leakage and therefore odour.
De-odorizer solution will be sprayed through special network, which will be laid
around the plant. It will help in neutralizing the fugitive emissions.
Beneath all sample points/ drain points, spill control powder containing trays will
be kept so as to adsorb even slightest of leakage, if at all arises from these
points. The spill control powder will then be sent for incinerator as a solid waste.
4.3.4. Noise Environment
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Impact:
The sources of noise during the operational phase of the plant are mainly DG
setcompressors, blowers, pumps and Boiler. The other sources of noise are the
movement of vehicles along the road. The proposed project will be similar but will have
advanced technology and improved equipment both in terms of energy efficiency and
less noisy.
Noise level contributed from light medium and heavy vehicles on the roads can be
considerabledepending upon the traffic density. The area around the employees and
material gates is the traffic- affected areas due to transportation activities. The light
vehicles and two wheelers pass at the shift hours only except vehicles of the visitors,
which are limited only. The heavy commercial vehicles traffic is limited depending upon
the material receipt and dispatch of fertiliser through road transport.
The noise level norms in villages of study area are being met with respect to the
norms of ‗Ambient Air quality Standards in Respect of Noise‘.
The operation of royal enterprises proposed project will have some noise level and as
such will not have any adverse impact on the human settlement around it. The noise will
not be audible outside the plant.
4.3.5. Water Environment
Impact:
About 300LD of fresh water (source through tanker, HSIIDC) will be utilized during
operation phase for the proposed project.. In addition to process effluents,sewage will be
generated in the operation phase. Disposal of sewage from the project site onto the
nearby water body and/or onto the land will lead to water pollution. Improper disposal of
the same without prior treatment into a water body or land will affect the water quality.
Discharge of contaminated storm water onto the water body or in rainwater harvesting
system without any pretreatment, will also lead to water pollution.
Mitigation:
The trade effluents generated from proposed project are treated in ETP send to
Common Effluent Treatment Plant (maintained by HSIIDC govt organization).
The effluent arising out of the manufacturing process will be treated and recycled and
reused and green belt development. Hence, no effluent will be discharged. Proper
sanitation facilities will be provided in the proposed plant unit and the sewage will be
collected in septic tanks and it will be treated along with the process effluent in the
anaerobic digester of ETP.Proposed project has no adverse impact is expected on water
resources or land.
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A proper storm water drainage system with pre treatment for removal of sediment will be
installed, prior to its discharge into rainwater harvesting system.
4.3.6. Storm Water Management
Rainwater harvesting
Rain water harvesting is not possible in plant premises due to proposedMethylcobalamin
(b12) productions inside the plant premises. If we will install rain water facility inside the
plant boundary, the polluted water directly will go to groundwater and it will contaminate
it. It may be taken up at alternative place in consultation and approval of HPPCB.
4.3.7. Land Environment
Impact:
Out of the total land area of 1800 m2,large part of area at present is vacant land,
whichwill be utilized for setting up the proposed plant. Approx33% has been earmarked
for the green area development.
Mitigation Measures:
Green belt development should be ensured and should be undertaken in consultation
with forest department.Topsoil conserved during the construction phase shall be utilized
for landscaping and greenbelt development.
4.3.8. Soil Environment
Impact:
There are no major sources of land contamination from waste spillage. The used oil shall
be collected in barrels and shall be sold to the authorized recyclers identified by the
HSPCB/ CPCB. All other hazardous wastes shall also be stored safely within the site
before its final disposal to the landfill site or will be incinerated at the plant premises.
Mitigation Measures:
No further mitigation measures will be required.
4.3.9. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management during operation phase
Solid wastes like process waste and organic waste are to be separately collected & sent
for incineration. The final hazardous wastes from the plant as classified under
Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008
are to be disposed off in the common hazardous waste secured landfill site and through
authorized dealer.The authorization certificate is provided attached as Annexure. The
details of hazardous wastes, which will be generated from the proposed plant along with
the quantity, are provided in Error! Reference source not found..
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Mitigation Measures:
Hazardous waste generated from the facility shall be disposed off in suitable manner as
per the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2008. The storage, handling and disposal practices proposed to be followed in
the plant have been presented in Error! Reference source not found.. The used oil
generated from the proposed project shall also be collected in barrels and shall be sold
to the authorized recyclers identified by the HSPCB/ CPCB. The Detail of solvent
recovery system is given in section 2.5.2. Hazardous Waste generated from incinerator
and other sources will be disposed off to TSDF site in Haryana.
Mitigation Measures:
Solidwaste management includes following:
Measures to minimize waste generation
Operation of waste handling, treatment and disposal facilities The hazardous solid wastes generated from the proposed plant shall be sent for landfill
as well as for incineration as per HSPCB guidelines. The waste management plan
includes:
Waste inventory
Classification of waste
Packaging, storing and transporting wastes to disposal site
Data management and reporting
Contingency plan
Personnel training
Waste minimization
The requirements which will be specified in the Authorization from HSPCB shall be
followed. The manifest system shall also be implemented for control and record keeping.
4.3.9.1 Discarded Container/ Barrels/ Liners Management
Discarded containers/ barrels/ liners will be kept at a designated place with paved
surface. These will be decontaminated (washed/ cleaned) and after that will be stored in
the designated area in scrap yard. Later on these will be sold to the actual users/
recyclers as per the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary
Movement) Rules, 2008. The record of discarded containers/ barrels/ liners stored in
scrap yard shall be maintained and also, inventory of their selling to the registered
recyclers shall be maintained. The same shall be reviewed by the HSE Department of
the project.
4.3.10. Socio-Economic Environment
Impact:
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The proposed Methylcobalamin (b12) project will have some positive impact on the
industrial growth in the region. It is anticipated that during the operation phase, the
proposed project will generate some direct/indirect employment in various plant related
activities / transportation/ services etc. In addition to that, the project will generate
significant opportunities for indirect benefits through important drugs availability/ CSR
activities etc.
4.3.11. Ecology and Biodiversity
Impact:
The project activity does not require tree cutting during land clearing as it is state
sponsored industrial area. Also, the study zone does not have any ecologically sensitive
location and hence, the plant activities are not expected to have any impact on the
ecology and biodiversity.
Mitigation Measures:
A total 33% of the total plot area has been earmarked for greenbelt development, which
will help in development of biodiversity. The indigenous plants shall be planted along
with ornamental trees/ shrubs to provide an aesthetic environment within and around the
plant. The maintenance of the greenbelt developed shall be ensured and survival rate
ofthe plants shall also be studied every half yearly. Treated domestic water will be used
for greenbelt development and irrigation purposes.
4.3.12. Energy Conservation
During the operation phase of the project, energy resources will be required for
operating various pumping machineries for water & wastewater, internal road
lighting, common utilities etc. The following options can be used for energy
conservation:
Energy efficient machineries shall be used during operation phase as per ECBC
2007.
Wherever possible in the plant, utilization of renewable sources of energy for
conservation of non-renewable sources of energy shall be ensured.
Sufficient care shall be taken to prevent/ minimize energy losses at each stage of
development.
Every year energy audit shall be conducted through competent authority
nominated by Govt. of India.
4.3.13. Safety Provisions
All the provisions as per the Factories Act, 1948, Manufacture, Storage and
Import of Hazardous Chemicals (MSIHC) Rules, 1989 and amendments
thereafter and also, the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling &Trans
boundary Movement) Rules, 2008 to be followed.
In the proposed plant of Royal enterprises, Adoctor has also been contracted for
regular health check-ups of the employees.
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CHAPTER 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
5.1. Prelude
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the synthesis of all proposed mitigation
and monitoring actions, set to a time frame with specific responsibility assigned and
follow-up actions defined. An equally essential element of this process is to develop
measures to eliminate, offset, or reduce impacts to acceptable levels during project
implementation and operation of the project. The integration of such measures into
project implementation and operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental
requirements within an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The aim of the EMP is
to ensure that the various adverse impacts associated with the project are properly
mitigated; either by preventing the impacts or by mitigating those to reduce the effect to
an acceptable level by adopting the most suitable techno-economic option. The EMP
also ensures that the positive impacts are conserved and enhanced.
5.2. The EMP
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) consists of a set of mitigation, monitoring
and institutional measures to be taken during the design, construction and operation
phases of the project. The plan also includes the actions needed for implementation of
these measures. Overall objective of EMP:
Prevention: Measures aimed at impeding the occurrence of negative environmental
impacts and/or preventing such an occurrence having harmful environmental impacts.
Preservation: Preventing any future actions that might adversely affect an
environmental resource or attribute.
Minimization: Limiting or reducing the degree, extent, magnitude, or duration of adverse
impacts.
The major components of the Environmental Management Plan are:
Mitigation of potentially adverse impacts
Monitoring during project implementation and operation
Implementation schedule and environmental cost estimates
Integration of EMP with project planning, design, construction and operation
This Chapter provides mitigation and control measures to attenuate and/or eliminate
environmental impacts, which are likely to be caused by the proposed project. An
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been developed to mitigate the potential
adverse impacts and to strengthen the beneficial impacts during the construction and
operation phase.
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The EMP has been designed keeping in view the regulatory and other requirements to
ensure the following:
Minimum disturbance to the native flora and fauna.
Compliance with the air, water, soil and noise quality norms.
Conservation of water to the extent possible.
Encourage the socio-economic development.
Royal enterprises will incorporate all necessary steps to mitigate environmental pollution
in the design stage itself. In addition to that during the operation phase of the project, the
company will take all the mitigation measures suggested in the environmental
management plan and also comply with the statutory requirements as per the guidelines
of Central and/or State Government. It also provides detailed post-project monitoring
which is required to be undertaken by the authorities to maintain the environmental
quality within the stipulated standards specified by the Haryana State Pollution Control
Board (HSPCB), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and the Ministry of
Environment & Forests (MoEF).
The environmental impacts due to different project activities and proposed mitigation
measures have been detailed in Chapter 4. The mitigation measures for reducing the
adverse environmental impacts together constitute a part of EMP.
5.3. Environmental, Health and Safety Management System
Chemical industries prefer an integrated approach and make environmental
management a part of overall Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Management
system.
This model EHS system suggests and addresses EMS issues such as:
Management system expectation
Management leadership, responsibilities and accountability
Risk assessment and management
Compliance and other requirements
Personnel, training and contractor services
Documentation and communications
Facilities design and construction
Operation, maintenance and management
Community awareness and emergency response
EHS performance monitoring and measurement
Incident investigation reporting and analysis
EHS management system audit
Management review and audit
With this type of EHS management approach, proposed project of Royal enterprises
would be able to meet all statutory norms.
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5.4. Construction Phase
Adequate and effective environment protection measures will be planned and designed
to minimize the impacts due to activities related to pre-construction (preparatory phase)
of the project, machinery installation and commissioning stages and end with the
induction of manpower and start up. The impacts identified during the construction
phase are mainly due to site preparation, foundation work, material handling,
construction of buildings and installation of the machinery. The impacts identified on air
environment, water environment, land environment and biological environment are
localized in nature and can be mitigated by adopting the mitigation measures suggested
in the Chapter 4 with associated impacts.
In view of the above, the following measures are recommended to reduce the impact
during this period:
Due provision of necessary infrastructural services like water and power supply
etc., for the construction area.
All possible care will be taken to reduce the noise level due to construction
activity. Also, noise prone activities shall be restricted to the extent possible
during night particularly during the period 10 PM to 6 AM in order to have
minimum environmental impact.
5.5. Operation Phase
5.5.1. Air Environment
5.5.1.1 Measures for Reducing Stack Emissions
In the proposed project, DG set will be used only during the power failure and will be
connected with a separate stack. Multi cyclone separator with stack height of 30 mtr
shall be installed for dispersion of particulate matter from Boiler. All process vents/
incinerator vents will be routed through dedicated two stage venturyscrubbing system.
The recovery and recycling of solvents in the process is a key issue in achieving
productivity and an edge in competitive world. Hence, all the solvent mixtures generated
from different stages of the products will be fractionated in a state of the art solvent
recovery system to give 95-98% recovery depending upon composition of solvent
mixtures and their boiling point. Chilled brine will be used in condensers to recover the
solvents.
Royal enterprises to ensure no leakage occurs from various process equipments
(equipment flanges, pumps, drains, sample points etc.) to pollute the working area.
5.5.1.2 Greenbelt Development
It is proposed to develop a green area 33% of the total area within the plant premises of
proposed project site. The green area development and tree plantation will be done by
using indigenous species as well as ornamental plants. Separate budget will be
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allocated for green belt development within the premises. Royal enterprises is committed
to develop healthy green belt, which will help in absorbing the pollutants as well as
providing aesthetic environment within and around the plant. Treated effluents will be
used for greenbelt development and irrigation within the plant premises.
Few guidelines for green belt development are as below:
Strict surveillance shall be made to increase the survival rate of the trees.
Plants with higher height, medium and low height should be planted to ensure
thick belt for attenuation of fugitive emission.
Open spaces, where tree plantation may not be possible, will be covered with
shrubs and grass to prevent erosion of topsoil.
Adequate attention will be paid to plantation of trees, their maintenance and
protection.
Project management has proposed to develop a greenbelt all along the boundary
wall of plant, along the roads, and surroundings of the production blocks, boiler,
ETP and other open areas etc.
Plant Species for Greenbelt
While selecting the plant species for the proposed green belt, the following guidelines
will be considered.
Fast growing type
Should have a thick canopy cover
Should be perennial green
Native origin
Should have a large leaf area index.
Design of Green Belt
As far possible the following guidelines will be considered in green belt development.
The spacing between the trees will be maintained slightly less than the normal
spaces, so that the trees may grow vertically and slightly increase the effective
height of the green belt.
Planting of trees in each row will be in staggered orientation.
In the front row shrubs consisting of Callistemon, Prosopis etc. will be grown.
Since the trunks of the tall trees are generally devoid of foliage, it will be useful to
have shrubs and trees in front of the trees so as to give coverage to this portion.
Shrubs and trees will be planted in encircling rows around the project site
The short trees (<10 m height) will be planted in the first two rows (towards plant
side) of the green belt. The tall trees (> 10 m height) will be planted in the outer
three rows (away from plant side).
Tall trees one line and short trees one line will be planted around the boiler house, DG
set room and around the production blocks to control the fugitive emissions and to
reduce the noise. The species planted for greenbelt development is given in Table 5.1.
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Table 5.1 List of Plant species to be planted under greenbelt development pogramme
Sl. No. Name Scientific Name Importance
1 Aam Mangiferaindica NB, HI
2 Amaltas Cassia fistula AP
3 Ashoka Polyalthialongifolia AP, OP, IP, DR
4 Casuarina Casuarina sp HI
5 Bel Aegle marmelos MP
6 Bougainvillea Bougainvillea sp AP, DR
7 Dhak Butea monosperma NB
8 Dodonea Dodoneasp LH
9 Gudhal Hibiscus rosasinenis AP, OP
10 Gulmohar Delonixregia AP
11 Kachnar Bahuniavariagata HI
12 Neem Azadirachtaindica NB
13 Nerium Neriumodorum AP, OP
14 Ficus Ficussp HI
15 Poisenttia Euphorbia pulcherrima LH
16 Reetha Sapindusmukorossi MP
17 Sahtoot Morus alba HI
18 Shisham Dalbergiasissoo NB
19 Siris Albezialebbek HI
20 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus sp HI
21 Subabool Leucenaleucocephala NB, AP
22 Teak Tectonagrandis NB
NB- Noise Barrier, AP- Avenue Plant, OP- Ornamental Plant, LH-Live Hedge, MP- Medicinal Plant,
HI- Habitat Improvement, IP-Indicator Plants (to monitor pollution level), DR- Dust Receptor
5.5.1.3 Measures for Fugitive Emissions
The fugitive emissions of organic chemicals and VOCs may come from leakage through
valves, fittings, pumps, etc. Though this is not expected to be significant, it may be
reduced further by adopting the following measures:
LDAR system should be strictly followed.
All process drains/ equipment washing should be collected in closed pit (to avoid fouling of work area through odour etc.) and taken to ETP.
Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to prevent leakage
and thus minimizing the fugitive emissions of VOCs.
Regular monitoring of VOCs shall be conducted in the areas prone to fugitive
emissions.
The monitoring at working environment shall be carried out and shall be recorded
in the prescribed form of the Factories Act.
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The design features as suggested in Table 5.2for new equipment may be considered.
Table 5.2 : Design Features for Minimization of Fugitive Emissions
S. No. Equipment Design Features Control Efficiency, %
1 Pumps Seal less design 100
Dual Mechanical Seal 100
2 Valves Seal less Design 100
3 Compressor Dual Mechanical Seal 100
4 Connectors Weld together 100
5 Pressure Relief Devices Rupture Disc 100
6 Sampling Connection Closed loop sampling 100
5.5.2. Water Environment
Water conservation measures shall be taken to optimize the fresh water requirement.
The fresh water shall be taken from the ground water.
The mitigation measures for minimizing the impacts on water environment in general
includes following:
Minimization of water use
Wastewater from different sources to be discharged after proper metering.
Segregation and collection philosophy for effluent to minimize waste generation
and facilitate treatment as well as recycle and reuse
Treatment philosophy to achieve regulatory standards
Reuse/recycle and disposal
Some of the measures, which have to be implemented, include:
Use equipment wash down waters as makeup solutions for subsequent batches, if feasible.
Use high-pressure jet hoses for equipment cleaning to reduce the amount of
water consumption and wastewater generation.
Reducing the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in
operation of processing units
Ensuring proper operation and maintenance schedule for the ETP.
5.5.3. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
The solid and hazardous waste management have been provided in the mitigation
measures of Section 4.3.8. Also, the list of hazardous wastes and their proposed
disposal options as per the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 has been provided in Error! Reference source not
found..
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Hazardous wastes shall be incinerated in the incinerator to the extent possible and all
balance hazardous wastes including incinerator ash should be safely collected in seal
proof containers and stored in safe dedicated place. It should be regularly sent to TSDF
site in safe aurhorised vehicle.
5.5.4. Noise Environment
The statutory national standards for noise levels at the plant boundary will be met. The
selection of all new plant equipment will be made with specification of low noise levels.
Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and/or protective measures
may be provided (wherever noise level is more than 90 dB(A) and exposure limits to
workers is more than 8 hours a day) to limit noise levels within occupational exposure
limits. Areas with high noise levels will be identified and segregated where possible and
will include prominently displayed caution boards.
However, in areas where noise levels are high and exposure time is less, employees are
to be provided with ear protection measures like earplugs or earmuffs. Earplugs are to
be provided to all workers where exposure will be 85 dB(A) or more. The exposures of
employees working in the noisy area shall be regularly monitored to ensure compliance
with the regulatory requirements.
Monitoring of noise levels is essential to assess the efficacy of maintenance schedules
undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures.
5.5.5. Occupational Health Programme
Some of the measures under the occupational health programin the proposed project
have been provided below:
Annual health check for employees shall be carried out and record shall be
maintained.
Fire protection system, fire detection system, continuous monitoring system and
qualified fire staff shall maintain round the clock for handling any emergency.
Regular training to plant personnel in safety, fire fighting and first aid shall be
provided.
The proposed plant shall maintain a healthy work environment. This shall be
accomplished through the identification, evaluation and control of workplace
environmental factors, which may cause sickness, impaired health or significant
discomfort and inefficiency among workers. Environmental factors such as noise,
physical hazards toxicity/chemical hazard and ergonomic hazards shall be
regularly monitored to assist in maintaining a healthy work environment.
Worker‘s exposure to noise and toxic materials shall be evaluated against
applicable recognised exposure levels in the Factories Act.
Hearing protection aids shall be provided to workers who work in the high noise
areas, during construction of the proposed facilities and also to those who will
continue through the life of the facility.
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5.5.6. Hazard Communication and Chemical Safety
A hazardous chemical directory shall be developed to maintain information on the
hazards associated with each chemical used. Copies of Material Safety Data Sheets for
all hazardous materials at the proposed facility shall be provided at the unit and shall
available for employee review. The hazard communication programshall be arranged
regularly to serve as the basis for selection of personal protective equipment such as
gloves, goggles, face shields, etc. A select group of employees at the proposed facilities
shall be trained on first aid to provide an immediate response and medical care for
injuries. Safety department shall arrange the in-house safety training programs for
workers, supervisors, senior staff and management personnel at regular intervals. The
Safety Training Calendars shall be made on the basis of identifying training needs at
different level of employees (Management staff, company supervisory staff and
contractor employees). Three tiers of training programsshall be conducted regularly as:
Induction Safety Training
Basic Safety Training and
Specialized Training Programs
5.5.7. Environmental Audit
Environmental audits shall be carried out as per regulatory requirements. Records of
quality and quantity of air emissions and liquid effluent shall be monitored and
maintained records. An inventory of waste storage area in the complex shall also be
maintained, which shall include details of the type of waste and the quantity stored.
Manifest system shall also be followed for disposal of hazardous waste.
Data on influent to the effluent treatment plant and treated effluent quality; stack
emissions shall be used to ascertain compliance with stipulated standards.
The quantity of waste generated from various units will be compared with previous
year‘s data and efforts will be made to minimise wastes for more efficient utilisation of
resources.
5.5.7.1 External Safety Audits and Inspections
External safety Audits & Inspection shall be carried out as per the statutory requirement
i.e. once in two year.
5.5.7.2 Internal Safety Audits & inspection
Safety Officer as per Standard Operating Procedure and checklists to be prepared for
respective area shall conduct internal safety audit & inspection. Observations &
discrepancy report shall be sent to all concerns department for corrective action and
preventive action.
5.5.8. Manpower for Environmental Health and Safety Management
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A dedicated Environmental Management Cell with trained staff will look after the proper
environmental management of the proposed plant including operation & maintenance of
all facilities outlined earlier. Royal enterprises will assign responsibilities to officers from
various disciplines to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and
implementation of environment control measures. Basically, the EHS department will
undertake the monitoring of environmental pollution level by measuring stack emissions,
ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise level, etc. either departmentally or
appointing external agency whenever necessary. Royal enterprises will also set up its
own laboratory equipped with different equipment for environmental monitoring and
analysis.In addition to that Royal enterpriseswill have a quality control laboratory, which
will be equipped with sophisticated equipment. Equipment of quality control laboratory
will also be available for monitoring of environment pollution. In case the monitored
results of environment pollution are found to exceed the prescribed limits, remedial
actions shall be taken through the concerned plant authorities. The actual operation and
maintenance of pollution control equipments of each department will be under respective
department heads.
The Environmental, Health and Safety department will ensure preparation of
environment statement, carrying out environment audit, preparation of Water Cess
Return and various consent applications and renewal under water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as
well as application for authorization and its renewal under Hazardous Waste
(Management, Handling and Trans boundary Movement) Rules, 2008 under
Environment Protection Act, 1986.
5.6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL
An Environment Management Cell (EMC) will be formed which will be responsible for
implementation of the aforesaid post project monitoring/management plan. The
composition of the Environment Management Cell and responsibilities of its various
members are given in Table: 5.3
Table 5.3 : Environmental Management Cell
S.No. Designation Proposed Responsibility
1. Vice President Policy decisions and overall responsibility of the Royal Laboratories Ltd.
2. General Manager (Production)
Responsible for management and implementation of EMP.
3 Manager (EHS) & supporting Staff
Carry out all EHS related tasks to implement Royal enterprises EHS policy.
5.7. EMP BUDGET
A total capital cost and recurring cost provision of about INR155 lac and 25 Lakh has
been kept in the project cost towards the environmental protection, control and mitigation
measures and implementation of the EMP.
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5.8. Environmental Monitoring Programme
Based on the findings of the Environmental Impact Assessment study, various mitigation
measures have been proposed, which have been detailed out in Environmental
Management Plan (EMP). In order to monitor the impacts and efficiency of these plans,
monitoring of various environmental attributes have been proposed during and after the
completion of the management plans. A well defined environmental monitoring program
would be employed with trained and qualified staff of Environmental Management Cell of
the proposed agro-chemicals, fine chemicals & intermediate chemicals manufacturing
plant to monitor the environmental attributes of the area with respect to EMP as well as
the guidelines of the HSPCB/ CPCB. Environmental monitoring schedule proposed to be
adopted by the project authorities is as presented in Table 5.4.
Table 5.4 : Matrix of Environmental Monitoring Plan
S. No. Aspect Source of
Impact
Monitoring
Methods and
Parameters
Frequency Executing
Agency
Monitoring
Agency
1.0 Construction Phase
1.1 Local Manpower Absorption
Construction Works
Contractor‘s report No. of people working in the project
Monthly Contractor Royal Enterprises
1.2 Soil Erosion Excavation, disposal, cut & fill for site leveling and internal roads, disposal
Survey &observation; Extent and degree of erosion;
Monthly Contractor Royal Enterprises
1.3 Biodiversity Land clearing activities; Fauna in the project area
Composition of flora & fauna
Twice in a year
Contractor Royal Enterprises
1.4 Re-vegetation & Greenbelt Development
Land clearing & disposal works
Survey & observation; Survival rate of species planted; Density of vegetation
Half Yearly Royal Enterprises
Environmental Management Cell of Royal Enterprises
1.5 Water Quality Excavation, disposal, sewage disposal, land clearing activities
Surveys & sample collection and field measurements for turbidity, pH, TDS, DO, and other chemical
Monthly Contractor Royal Enterprises
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S. No. Aspect Source of
Impact
Monitoring
Methods and
Parameters
Frequency Executing
Agency
Monitoring
Agency
parameters
1.6 Air Quality Operation of DG sets, transportation of construction materials, road construction, construction of utilities
Survey & observations; Levels of PM10, SO2 and NOx
Monthly Royal Enterprises
Royal Enterprises
1.7 Public Health Dust, Noise, Influx of labours
Regular medical checkups
Quarterly Contractors Royal
Enterprises
1.8 Waste Management
Restoration of disposal sites and construction areas
Status of protection measures
Half Yearly Contractor Royal
Enterprises
2.0 Operation Phase
2.1 Water Quality & Quantity
Surface & Ground water quality within the Project Area
Surveys, sample collection & field measurement
Quarterly Royal Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting) [Three nosPeizeometric Wells at strategic locations ]
2.2 Effluent Quality
Quality of effluent discharged and reused
ETP sample collection & quality analysis
Daily (Internal); Monthly (Third Party)
Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
2.3 Air Quality Emission from utility and process
Air quality monitoring at 2-3 locations at plant boundary (SO2, NOx, PM10, HF, VOC) Stack emission monitoring (Boiler, Process& DG) Work area ambient air quality
Ambient -Monthly (24 hourly); Stack – Monthly (third party) Monthly
Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
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S. No. Aspect Source of
Impact
Monitoring
Methods and
Parameters
Frequency Executing
Agency
Monitoring
Agency
monitoring as per Factories Rules
2.4 Noise Levels Noise levels compliance with respect to industrial standards
Ambient Equivalent Sound Pressure Levels (Leq) at day and Night time at 4 to 6locations
Monthly Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
Monitoring of Occupational Noise Levels
Near the noise generating sources
Fortnightly Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
2.5 Biological Environment
Horticulture/ Greenbelt Development
Survival rate of plants and shrubs
Half Yearly Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
2.6 Solid Waste Management
Disposal of waste
Tracking of waste collection, segregation and disposal
Fortnightly Royal
Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
2.7 Hazardous Waste Management
Disposal of Hazardous Waste
Tracking of hazardous waste collection,segregation, storage and disposal
Fortnightly Royal Enterprises
HSPCB (half yearly reporting)
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CHAPTER 6. HAZARDS ANALYSIS & RISK ASSESSMENT
6.1. Introduction
The Proposed manufacturing products shall be prepared on Batch basis like 5 kg batch
whenever required or per day.
Royal enterprises proposed API project is hazardous in nature. The RA for this plant is
based on Level 1 and Level 2.
The list of raw material and products (and their monthly production capacity) to be
manufactured for the proposed project are given in chapter2.
Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of
their intrinsic chemical properties or their operating temperatures or pressures or a
combination of anyone. Fire, explosion, toxic release or combinations of these are the
hazards associated with industrial plants using hazardous chemicals. More
comprehensive, systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering, such as,
Hazard Analysis and QuantitativeRisk Assessment have now been developed to
improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of industrial plants.
The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce risk to human life, property and
environment. Some of the more important methods used to achieve this are:
Quantitative Risk Analysis: Provides a relative measure of the
likelihood and severity of various possible hazardous events by
critically examining the plant process and design.
Work Safety Analysis: The technique discerns whether the
plant layout and operating procedures in practice have any
inherent infirmities.
Safety Audit: Takes a careful look at plant operating conditions,
work practices and work environments to detect unsafe
conditions.
Together, these three broad tools attempt to minimize the chances of accidents
occurring. Yet, there always exists, no matter how remote, probability of occurrence of a
This Chapter provides details risk associated with the project activities and storage of
harzardous chemical.
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major accident. If the accident involves highly hazardous chemicals in sufficiently large
quantities, the consequences may be serious to the plant, to surrounding areas and the
populations residing therein.
6.2. Risk Assessment
.The risk assessment levels are generally consistent with the practices encountered
through various assignments for medium and large chemical complexes. The brief
outline of the three tier approach is given below:
Level 1 – Risk Screening
This is top-down review of worst- case potential hazards/risks, aimed primarily at
identifying plant sites or areas within plant, which pose the highest risk. Various
screening factors considered include:
Inventory of hazardous materials;
Hazardous Materials properties;
Storage conditions (e.g. temperature and pressure);
Location sensitivity (distance to residential areas / populace).
The data / information are obtained from plant. The results provide a relative indication
of the extent of hazards and potential for risk exposure.
Level 2 – Major Risk Survey (Semi - Quantitative)
The survey approach combines the site inspection with established risk assessment
techniques applied both qualitative as well quantitative mode. The primary objective is to
identify and select major risks at a specific location in the plant considering possible soft
spots / weak links during operation / maintenance. Aspects covered in the risk usually
include:
Process Hazards;
Process Safety Management Systems;
Fire Protection and Emergency response equipment and programs.
Security Vulnerability;
Impact of hazards consequences (equipment damage, business
interruption, injury, fatalities);
Qualitative risk identification of scenarios involving hazardous
materials;
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Risk reduction measures.
Selection of critical scenarios and their potential of damage provide
means of prioritising mitigative measures and allocate the resources to
the areas with highest risks.
Level 3 – Quantitative Risk Assessment (Deterministic)
This is the stage of assessment of risks associated with all credible hazards (scenarios)
with potential to cause an undesirable outcome such as human injury, fatality or
destruction of property. The four basic elements include:
i. Hazards identification utilising formal approach (Level 2, HAZOP
etc.);
ii. Frequency Analysis. Based on past safety data (incidents /
accidents); Identifying likely pathway of failures and quantifying the
toxic / inflammable material release;
iii. Hazards analysis to quantify the consequences of various hazards
scenarios (fire, explosion, BLEVE, toxic vapour release
etc.).Establish minimum value for damage (e.g. IDLH, over pressure,
radiation flux) to assess the impact on environment.
iv. Risk Quantification: Quantitative techniques are used considering
effect / impact due to weather data, population data, and frequency
of occurrences and likely hood of ignition / toxic release. Data are
analysed considering likely damage (in terms of injury / fatality,
property damage) each scenarios is likely to cause.
QRA provides a means to determine the relative significance of a number of undesired
events, allowing analyst and the team to focus their risk reduction efforts where they will
be beneficial most.
The risk analysis of hazardous chemical on Level 1 and Level 2 basis is given below:
6.2.1. Physical &Chemicl Properties
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Imp Properties
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Physical state and appearance: Solid.
Molecular Weight: 1355.39 g/mole
Boiling Point: Decomposes.
Melting Point: 102.5°C (216.5°F)
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.
Solubility: Partially soluble in cold water.
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2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Physical state and appearance: Liquid.
Odor: Pungent. Sweet. Ethereal.
Molecular Weight: 141.95 g/mole
Color: Colorless. Clear
Boiling Point: 42.5°C (108.5°F)
Melting Point: -66.5°C (-87.7°F)
Critical Temperature: 254.8°C (490.6°F)
Specific Gravity: 2.28 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: 53.3 kPa (@ 20°C)
Vapor Density: 4.89 (Air = 1)
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in
oil; log(oil/water) = 1.5
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water,
acetone.
Solubility: Soluble in acetone, benzene, carbon
tetrachloride, and chloroform. Miscible in alcohol and
ether. Partially soluble
in cold water.
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Physical state and appearance: Liquid.
Odor: Pleasant. Sweetish. Etheric. Non-irritating
Taste: Burning. Sweet.
Molecular Weight: 119.38 g/mole
Color: Colorless. Clear
pH (1% soln/water): Not available.
Boiling Point: 61°C (141.8°F)
Melting Point: -63.5°C (-82.3°F)
Critical Temperature: 263.33°C (506°F)
Specific Gravity: 1.484 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: 21.1 kPa (@ 20°C)
Vapor Density: 4.36 (Air = 1)
Odor Threshold: 85 ppm
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in
oil; log(oil/water) = 2
Solubility: Very slightly soluble in cold water.
4 Sodium borohydride
16940-66-2 Physical state and appearance: Solid.
Molecular Weight: 37.84 g/mole
Color: White. Grayish white.
Melting Point: Decomposes.
Specific Gravity: 1.074 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: 1.3 (Air = 1)
Volatility: Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.
Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water.
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6.2.2. Hazard Identification
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Possible Hazards
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.
2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation (lung irritant). Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Severe over-exposure can result in death. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified A2 (Suspected for human.) by ACGIH. 3 (Not classifiable for human.) by IARC. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator). Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. Classified 2 (Some evidence.) by NTP. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to kidneys, liver, heart. Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.
4 Sodium borohydride
16940-66-2 Potential Acute Health Effects: Extremely hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive). The amount of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can result in corneal damage or blindness. Skin contact can produce inflammation and blistering.
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Inhalation of dust will produce irritation to gastrointestinal or respiratory tract, characterized by burning, sneezing and coughing. Severe over-exposure can produce lung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Skin inflammation is characterized by itching, scaling, reddening, or, occasionally, blistering. Potential Chronic Health Effects: Extremely hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Very hazardous in case of skin contact (corrosive). CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. Repeated exposure of the eyes to a low level of dust can produce eye irritation. Repeated skin exposure can produce local skin destruction, or dermatitis. Repeated inhalation of dust can produce varying degree of respiratory irritation or lung damage. Repeated exposure to an highly toxic material may produce general deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. Repeated or prolonged inhalation of dust may lead to chronic respiratory irritation.
6.2.3. Handling and Storage
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Suggested Handling and storage precautions
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Precautions: Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment If you feel unwell, seek medical attention and show the label when possible. Avoid contact with skin and eyes Storage: Keep container dry. Keep in a cool place. Ground all equipment containing material. Keep container tightly closed. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. Combustible materials should be stored away from extreme heat and away from strong oxidizing agents.
2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Precautions: Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show
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the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents. Storage: Light Sensitive. Store in light-resistant container. Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well ventilated area. Do not store above 24°C (73.4°F).
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Precautions: Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as metals, alkalis. Storage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Sensitive to light. Store in light-resistant containers.
4 Sodium borohydride
16940-66-2 Precautions: Keep locked up Keep container dry. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Never add water to this product In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, acids, alkalis, moisture. Storage: Flammable materials should be stored in a separate safety storage cabinet or room. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Keep container tightly closed. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. Ground all equipment containing material. Keep container dry. Keep in a cool place.
6.2.4. Accidental Release Measures
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Suggested accidental release measures
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water onthe contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements. Large Spill: Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on thecontaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Small Spill: Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate
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waste disposalcontainer. Large Spill: Poisonous liquid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Usewater spray to reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignitionsources. Call for assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Small Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal. Large Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal. Be careful that theproduct is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.
4 Sodium borohydride
16940-66-2 Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Large Spill: Corrosive solid. Flammable solid that, in contact with water, emits flammable gases. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get waterinside container. Do not touch spilled material. Cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material. Use water sprayto reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Call for assistance on disposal.
6.2.5. First Aid Measures
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Suggested First Aid Measures
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention. Skin Contact: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cold water may be used. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated clothing before reusing. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Loosen tight clothing such as a
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collar, tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention immediately.
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. WARM water MUST be used. Get medical attention. Skin Contact: In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get medical attention. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area
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as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
4 Sodium borohydride
16940-66-2 Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention. Skin Contact: If the chemical got onto the clothed portion of the body, remove the contaminated clothes as quickly as possible, protecting your own hands and body. Place the victim under a deluge shower. If the chemical got on the victim's exposed skin, such as the hands ; Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cold water may be used. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated clothing before reusing. Serious Skin Contact: Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medical attention. Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention. Serious Inhalation: Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Examine the lips and mouth to ascertain whether the tissues are damaged, a possible indication that the toxic material was ingested; the
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absence of such signs, however, is not conclusive. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
6.2.6. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
S/N
Chemical Name CAS No. Suggested personal protection
1 Cyanocobalamin 68-19-9 Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.
2 Methyl iodide 74-88-4 Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the workstation location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.
3 Chloroform 67-66-3 Engineering Controls: Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the workstation location. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist
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BEFORE handling this product. 4 Sodium
borohydride 16940-66-2 Engineering Controls:
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit. Personal Protection: Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor and dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves. Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill: Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor and dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this product.