Entrepreneurship Models on Biogas for Rural Areas
Transcript of Entrepreneurship Models on Biogas for Rural Areas
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Village: BHITBUDRAKVillage: BHITBUDRAK Taluka: UCHHALTaluka: UCHHAL
District: SURATDistrict: SURAT
State: GUJARATState: GUJARAT Country: INDIACountry: INDIA
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Jilla /Taluka
Panchayat
Surat
Bhint
Budrak
Village
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Presently most of the Biogas plants installed traditionally are either
defunct or working unsatisfactorily and inefficiently.
The studies reveal following reasons for the above status:
1. The Digester loadings such as cattle dung and water are
not thoroughly mixed which results into either non-generation of gas or
lesser quantity gas production.
2. Due to the quality and pressure of the gas produced is being
insufficient, it cannot be transported to far of houses with required
pressure.
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The above constraints and defects were rectified and corrected
by Gram Vikas Trust.
The mixture of cattle dung and water are stirred in required
proportion uniformly and thoroughly by a mixing mechanism
with proper air circulation.
This results into maximum generation of the gas and utilization ofthe plant capacity.
As such, with the help of pressure regulating tank and
mechanism, the gas can be distributed to individual households
with uniform pressure as is done in case of CNG in major cities.
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Recently, Gram Vikas Trust, introduced GOBAR BANK concept and has
manufactured, installed and commissioned 2 Gobargas Plants in
Bhintbudrak village in Uchhal Taluka, Dist. Surat.
The plants are of 85 M3 capacity each totaling to 170 M3 of biogas
generation per day.
The gas is further purified and distributed satisfactorily to 121 houses
through pipeline. The design of the plant emphasizes the use of
minimum motive power as compared to plant total power output.
Apart from the above application, the purified biogas with maximumcontent of Methane can be used to generate electricity through gas
generators and also can be bottled and used to run the vehicles. The gas
purification systems are developed by Gram Vikas Trust.
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(1) Loading Platform
The Gobar Bank
members bring the dung
everyday to the
community biogas plant
which is weighed and
accounted for in their
pass books.
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(2) Slurry Preparation
The cattle dung taken fromdung loading platform areais delivered to feedpreparation tank section.
The fed dung is mixed withwater for maintaining ratioof 1:1 for fresh cattle dungand 1:1.25 for stale (hard)cattle dung.
The mixture is thenmechanically mixed to havehomogeneous slurry.
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(3) Anaerobic Digestion
Anaerobic digestion tank(biogas digester) creates ananaerobic condition togenerate methane gas bymethanogenic bacteria.
The digester employed hereis mostly KVIC model withfloating dome & water
jacket. The water jacket helps in
curbing the methaneleakage and wastage.
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(4) Common Collecting Tank
An intermediate gas
storage before Pressureregulating tank for
distribution to concerned
beneficiaries.
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(5) Pressure Regulating Tank
Gas is compressed by
blower and fed to the
pressure regulating tank
where gas is upgradeddue to the passage of
pressure
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ENVIRONMENTALNUISANCE SMOKE FROM WOOD BURNING
EARLIER
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An happy villager with her biogas connection and equipment
NOW
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The Slurry being transported to composting pits.
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The Compost.
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The slurry generated by these biogas
plants are being converted into Vermi-
Compost for Organic Farming.This Compost is very good fertilizer for the
agriculture having rich nutrient values.
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Vermi- Compost Unit
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Large Scale/ Community level Biogas Enterprises for Cooking needs- Pipeline supply and Rur al Sanitation and
bio manure production
I. Size of Biogas Plant- 85 m3/day No. of families Beneficiaries50
Cow dung required2 Tons/day- 250/Ton
A complex of 20 community toilets
Gas utilizationCooking
If for Cooking 2 hrs. morning & 2 hrs. evening(1.5 m3/familyper day)
Pipeline lengthup to 1km. distance Pipe qualityHDPE, pressurize system0.3 kg./cm2(Rs. 2.5
lacs cost)
Gas charge150/month-family
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II.R
awm
ateri
alCo
wdung+ Toi
let (community-20toilets costs 1.5lacs)
III. Slurry ManagementBiogas digested slurry
Four options-
1. Liquid slurry
2. Recycle water (upto 40 to 50% only)
3. Dry slurry
4. Semi dry
Local consumption of slurry is advised
Quality of slurry should be maintained
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Cost estimates
Non- recurring costRs. 8,20,000 ($ 20,500)
Recurring/ Variable costRs. 2,12,000 ($ 5300)
Manpower-- Rs.96,000 ($ 2400)
DepreciationRs.80,000 ($ 2000)
Sum of recurring cost- 3,88,000 ($ 9700)
Revenue generation- 5,90,000-3,88,000=
Rs.2,02,000 (& 5050)Note- In addition to this Carbon credit benefit to the
tune of Rs.71,000/yr. ($ 1775) will also be available.
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Large Scale/ Community level Biogas Enterprises for Electricity
Generation and supply for domestic consumption, water supply and
community consumption and Rural sanitation
15 KVA Power Generating System from - 85 m3/day Biogas Plant
No. of families Beneficiaries50
No. of Animals200
Cow dung required2 Tons/day- 250/Ton
Gas utilization Electricity
Domestic connection2CFL, 1 Fan= 100 Wt.*50=5000Wt.
Water supply connection4000 Wt. Community Hall2 CFL, 2 Fan & 1 TV.= 500 Wt.
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Cost estimates
A. Non recurring
Sum =8,50,000 ($ 21,250)
B. Recurring
Sum=3,87,000 ($ 9675)
Income
Electricity supply 130 unit @ Rs.6 per unit *365 = Rs.2,84,700/yr. ($7117)
SlurryRs.1500/day= Rs.5,00,000/yr. ($ 12,500)
CDM benefits Rs.71,000/yr. ($ 1775)Sum= Rs.7,84,000 ($ 19,600)
Surplus
Rs. 7,84,000-3,87,000= Rs. 3,97,000 ($ 9925)
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Cylindering of methane available from biogas plant for
tractors and rural vehicles and production of bio manure
Biogas plant of 300 M3 per day capacity with enrichment and bottling
CAPITAL COST Rs. 28,00,000.00 ($ 70,000)
OPERATIONCOST
A. Fixed operational cost-3,00,000 per annum ($ 7500) B. Annual Running (Operational) Cost: -12,00,000 per annum
Total cost of Operation = Rs. 15,00,000 /- ($ 37,500)
Income:-
incomegenerate by selling CBG and slurry = Rs. 22,00,000/- ($ 55,000)
Profit = Rs. 7,00,000/- ($ 17,500)
Payback Period = 4 years
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Further R&D Work Required for Biogas Development
Biogas production using easily available local wastematerial preferably agricultural wastes.
Development of new and low cost improved designs ofbiogas plants for large sizes.
Development of low cost technology for separation of
methane, CO2 and sulfur compounds from biogas for easybottling of pure methane and to reduce the damagescaused by S-compounds on machines using the biogas.
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The effect of bio-wash (liquid from digested slurry) onvegetables and crops.
Design of kitchen waste biogas plant for restaurants
Testing of oil seed cake based biogas plant slurry fornutrient value and its effect on crop production
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Entrepreneurship Models on Biogas for Rur al AreasLarge Scale/ Community level Biogas Enterprises for Cooking needs- Pipeline supply and Rur al Sanitation and
bio manure production
I. Size of Biogas Plant- 85 m3/day No. of families Beneficiaries50
Cow dung required2 Tons/day- Rs 250/Ton
A complex of 20 community toilets
Gas utilizationCooking
If for Cooking 2 hrs. morning & 2 hrs. evening(1.5 m3/familyper day)
Pipeline lengthup to 1km. distance Pipe qualityHDPE, pressurize system0.3 kg./cm2(Rs. 2.5
lacs cost)
Gas charge150/month-family
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II.R
awm
ateri
alCo
wdung+ Toi
let (community-20toilets costs 1.5lacs)
III. Slurry ManagementBiogas digested slurry
Four options-
1. Liquid slurry
2. Recycle water (upto 40 to 50% only)
3. Dry slurry
4. Semi dry
750 kg semi dry slurry @ Rs 2/- per kg costs Rs 1500/day
Local consumption of slurry is advised
Qual
ity of slurry shou
ld be m
aint
ained
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Cost
Plant Cost Rs 4,50,000/-
Pipe Line Cost Rs 1,50,000
Appliances 50*400 Rs 20,000
Pressurizing System Rs 2,00,000 Manpower ( Mechanic 5000, Helper -3000 ) 96,000
Income-
Gas 150*50 Rs 7500/ month = Rs 90,000/yr
Slurry Rs 1500/day = Rs 5,00,000/yr
CDM Benefits Rs 71,000/yr
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Cost estimates
Non- recurring costRs. 8,20,000 ($ 20,500)
Recurring/ Variable costRs. 2,12,000 ($ 5300)
Manpower-- Rs.96,000 ($ 2400)
DepreciationRs.80,000 ($ 2000)
Sum of recurring cost- 3,88,000 ($ 9700)
Revenue generation- 5,90,000-3,88,000=
Rs.2,02,000 (& 5050)Note- In addition to this Carbon credit benefit to the
tune of Rs.71,000/yr. ($ 1775) will also be available.
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2. Large Scale/ Community level Biogas Enterprises for Electricity
Generation and supply for domestic consumption, water supply and
community consumption and Rural sanitation
15 KVA Power Generating System from - 85 m3/day Biogas Plant
No. of families Beneficiaries50
No. of Animals200
Cow dung required2 Tons/day- Rs 250/Ton
Gas utilization Electricity
Domestic connection2CFL, 1 Fan= 100 Wt.*50=5000Wt.
Water supply connection4000 Wt. Community Hall2 CFL, 2 Fan & 1 TV.= 500 Wt.
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Cost
A. Non recurringPlant Cost Rs 4,50,000
Electricity distribution cost Rs 2,00,000/-
Genset Cost 15 kW Rs 1,00,000
Genset Room Cost Rs 1,00,000Sum - Rs 8,50,000
B. Recurring
Manpower ( mechanic 5000, helper 3000) Rs 90,000
Raw Material 1,62,000
Miscellaneous 50,000
Depreciation 85,000Sum = 3,87,000
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Cost estimates
A. Non recurring
Sum =8,50,000 ($ 21,250)
B. Recurring
Sum=3,87,000 ($ 9675)
IncomeElectricity supply 130 unit @ Rs.6 per unit *365 = Rs.2,84,700/yr. ($
7117)
SlurryRs.1500/day= Rs.5,00,000/yr. ($ 12,500)
CDM benefits Rs.71,000/yr. ($ 1775)
Sum= Rs.7,84,000 ($ 19,600)
Surplus
Rs. 7,84,000-3,87,000= Rs. 3,97,000 ($ 9925)
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Cylindering of methane available from biogas plant for
tractors and rural vehicles and production of bio manure
Feasibility analysis for a community biogas plant of 300 M3 per day capacity with biogas
enrichment and bottling plant has been shown below.
Dung requirement -
For 300 cum. Biogas Plant = 6000 Kgs.
Assuming cost of Dung = 0.20 Rs/kg.
Cost of Dung for Biogas plant = 1200 Rs. per day.
CAPITAL COST
1. BioGas Plant (Digester) Provided by Buyer (@Rs.
3000/- per cubic meter capacity, for 300 cubic meter capacity Rs. 900000/-)
2. Cost of Scrubbing unit Rs. 6,00,000.00
3. Cost of Compressor Rs. 6,00,000.00
4. C.N.G. cylinders Rs. 2,00,000.00
5. Storage tank Rs. 1,00,000.00
6. Installation Exp. Rs. 2,00,000.00
Total Rs. 17,00,000.00
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OPERATION COST -
A. Fixed operational cost-
1. Interest on capital @ 10% per annum= 0.1x 14,00,000 = Rs. 1,40,000 per
annum2. Depreciation @ 5% per annum = 0.05x 42,50,000= Rs.70,000 per
annum.
Total cost = 2,10,000 per annum
B. Annual Running (Operational) Cost: -
1. Dung cost 1200x350 = Rs. 4,20,000 P.A.
2. Labors Cost (1 skilled and 2 unskilled labors) 300x 350 = Rs. 1,05,000 P.A.
3. Electricity cost (10 kWh x12 hr) 360x350 @3/- unit = Rs. 1,26,000 P.A.
4. Repair and Maintenance@ 2% capital cost on 14,00000 = Rs. 28,000
P.A.
Total cost = 6,79,000 per annum
Sum of Fixed Operation cost and annual running cost:
=6,79,000+2,10,000 = 8,89,000.00
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Cylindering of methane available from biogas plant for
tractors and rural vehicles and production of bio manure
Biogas plant of 300 M3 per day capacity with enrichment and bottling
CAPITAL COST Rs. 28,00,000.00 ($ 70,000)
OPERATIONCOST
A. Fixed operational cost-3,00,000 per annum ($ 7500) B. Annual Running (Operational) Cost: -12,00,000 per annum
Total cost of Operation = Rs. 15,00,000 /- ($ 37,500)
Income:-
incomegenerate by selling CBG and slurry = Rs. 22,00,000/- ($ 55,000)
Profit = Rs. 7,00,000/- ($ 17,500) Payback Period = 4 years
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