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Knowledge Management Foundations: Infrastructure, Mechanisms and Technologies

Knowledge Management Course by Dr. Mousakhani

GROUP 1 Hamideh iraj Sahar Najafikhah

Chapter 3 of:Knowledge ManagementSystems and Processes

Irma Becerra-Fernandez and Rajiv Sabherwal

Armonk, New YorkLondon, England

What is Knowledge Management?

Doing What is needed to get the most out of knowledge resources

Performing the activities involved in discovering, capturing, sharing, and applying knowledge so as to enhance, in a cost-effective fashion, the impact of knowledge on the unit’s goal achievement.

What is Business Intelligence?

A Comparison of KM & BI

What KM & BI have in common

KM BIMore Social than

Technical

Pure Technical

Data MiningKnowledge Creation

KM Solutions and Foundations

Chapter 4

Chapter 3

KM Solutions

the ways in which specific aspects of KM (discovery, capture, sharing, and application of knowledge) can be accomplished.KM solutions include KM processes and KM systems.

KM Foundations

the broad organizational aspects that support KM in the short- and long-term. They include KM infrastructure, KM mechanisms, and KM technologies.

KM Processes

the broad processes that help in discovering, capturing, sharing and applying knowledge.

KM Systems

The integration of technologies and mechanisms that are developed to support the four KM processes.

KM Infrastructure

1. Organization Culture2. Organization Structure3. Information technology structure4. Common Knowledge5. Physical Environment

1. Organization Culture

Organization culture reflects the norms and beliefs that guide the behavior of the organization’s members. It is an important enabler of knowledge management in organizations

2. Organization Structure

Knowledge management also depends to a considerable extent on the organization structure.

2. Organization Structure – cont.

Hierarchical structure of the organization

Facilitating KM through communities of practice

Facilitate KM through specialized structures and

roles that specifically support KM

3. Information Technology Infrastructure

Knowledge management is facilitated by the organization’s IT infrastructure.

Four Important Capabilities

Reach: Reach pertains to access and connection and the efficiency of such access

Depth focuses on the detail and amount of information that can be effectively communicated over a medium

Four Important Capabilities- cont.

Richness the ability to: (a) provide multiple cues (e.g., body language,

facial expression, tone of voice) simultaneously(b) provide quick feedback(c) personalize messages(d) use natural language to convey subtleties

Aggregation the ability to store and quickly process information enables the aggregation of large volumes of information drawn from multiple sources

4. Common Knowledge

organization’s cumulative experiences in comprehending a category of knowledge and activities and the organizing principles that support communication and coordination

5. Physical Environment

KM MechanismsLearning by doingOn-the-job trainingLearning by ObservationFace to face meetings

More Long Term KM Mechanisms

Hiring of a CKOCooperative Projects across departmentsTraditional Hierarchical RelationshipsOrganizational policiesStandardsInitiation Process for new employeesEmployee Rotation

KM Technologies

• Artificial Intelligence• used for knowledge acquisition and case-based reasoning

systems, electronic discussion groups, computer-based simulations,

• databases, • decision support systems, • ERP systems, • expert systems, • MIS• expertise locator systems, • Videoconferencing

KM Technologies- cont.

Information Repositories

• best practices databases• lessons learned systems

KM Technologies

Web 2.0 technologies

wikis and blogs

Case StudyIncentives for Knowledge Sharing at Hill and Knowlton

Beenz systemBest contributor