POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY OF

CARCHI

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

PORTFOLIO

STUDENT NAME:

DANIA CHARFUELÁN

LEVEL: 6TH

03TH AUGUST 2013

CONTENTS 1. Personal introduction ............................................................................... 3

2. Dossier .................................................................................................... 4

2.1. Task ..................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1. Global issues .................................................................................... 4

2.1.2. Essay of the most serious problems of the city of Tulcan ................. 6

2.1.3. Writing of paragraphs........................................................................ 7

2.1.4. Examples of grammar must – have to .............................................. 9

2.1.5. Essay .............................................................................................. 10

2.1.6. Examples where you show the different forms of passive .............. 12

2.1.7. Article describing a painting ............................................................ 14

2.1.8. Examples of the causative forms .................................................... 16

2.1.9. Examples of reported speech ......................................................... 17

2.1.10. Article describing a person .......................................................... 19

2.2. Expositions ......................................................................................... 20

2.2.1. Festival in ecuador .......................................................................... 20

2.2.2. Nano - world ................................................................................... 22

2.2.3. The art around the world ................................................................. 24

3. Conclusions ........................................................................................... 28

1. PERSONAL INTRODUCTION

Today more than ever it is essential to learn the English language.

Every day is used more in almost all areas of knowledge and

human development. Practically it can be argued that it is the

language of the world. That is why learning this language is of

vital importance for future professionals that are continually being

formed. This paper shows the development of the different

activities implemented for the contents acquired during this

semester, the grammar and its development, vocabulary, readings

that promote interest in the study of the English language.

2. DOSSIER

2.1. TASK

2.1.1. GLOBAL ISSUES

RACIAL DISCRIMINATION

Racial discriminationis thepreference on the

basisofdescent ornational or ethnic origin. Racism

is asystem of power thatgivesprivileges topeople

who consider themselvesas"superior".

Ecuadorhas made somerulesto

attackracialdiscriminationand racism. Actually, this

is more difficult. According to the reportofthe

MillenniumDevelopment Goals,it was decided thatthere is a closerelationship

between poverty andethnicity,poverty is growing inAfro-Ecuadoriansand

indigenous, because the Afro-Ecuadoriansindicatorsof poverty and

extremepoverty.

Somedata showthat racial discriminationaffects theorganization of the

stateandin the wayresources are allocated, goods and services, resulting in

anunequalsocietythat preventsindigenousEcuadoriansanda dignified lifefor

the merefact of beingdifferent.

ALCOHOLISM

Several studies haveshown that

long-term alcohol

abuseproducesserious effects

onvarious body organs. Alcoholismis

defined asa treatable disease. About

2billion

peopleworldwideconsumealcoholic

beverages.

Drinking alcoholcan causefatalities, falling intoa depressionand evenlead to

suicide. It can also causediseaseslike cancer.High levelsof stress canlead a

personto fallinto alcoholism. TheOMCnotes that2.3 millionpeople

worldwidedie each year fromalcohol-relatedcauses. Alcohol consumption in

Ecuador is 79.6%, the percentage of the population has used at least once in

their life liquor.

DROGS

Currentlythedrug addictiona

seriousproblem generatedvery

ofteninyouth. Many of the

causessothat young peopleuse drugs

arefamily problems, excessivelyusing

drugscan destroythephysical and

mental healthof the person. Drug

usemaycreatechangesin people, creating a joy thatdoes not really exist.

Thedrug abusehas manynegative consequencesnot onlyforthe individualbut

alsofor society. Moreoverdrug addiction isa disease thatcan be avoided

withthehelp of family, friendsand community.Education isan important partto

avoid this problem.

TEEN PREGNANCY

Adolescence is the most critical stage of the human

being.

Pregnancy, this phenomenon is transformed into

wonderful problem when it is a teenager, since as a

child becomes a mother.

There are some causes that are developed at

teenage pregnancy, as the sociocultural

characteristics of the various populations. Because

teen pregnancy is culturally accepted, this situation is often observed in

forest populations. However, teenage pregnancy is not a culturally accepted

pattern in other populations, because of their religion; so many teens have

had an abortion.

2.1.2. ESSAY OF THEMOSTSERIOUSPROBLEMSOF THE CITY

OFTULCAN

ALCOHOLISM IN TULCAN

Alcoholism is one of the most serious problems in our city, which mainly

affects young people, but how we can provide solution to this problem?

To begin, we must know that alcoholism is a disease. Young people who

drink alcohol as a result will have discomfort in your body leading to serious

negative effects on various organs in your body.

To solve this problem it is necessary that young people are aware of the

problems caused by drinking alcohol, so avoid falling into this big problem.

Another possible solution would be to give psychological talks for parents

and children, so you know the cause would be achieved by that young

drinker.

In addition to these talks will be known if the main problems of young people

are at home or in schools. This means having greater knowledge of young

people and prevent them from falling in this problem is alcoholism.

To summarize, the alcoholism is a serious problem affecting the youth of our

city, we can help with talks, and knowing the problems of the young, and in

this way to help them.

2.1.3. WRITING OF PARAGRAPHS

Billon

The company Coca - Cola is one of the largest companies in the world. this

company is the largest producer of soft drinks, the company manages large

annual sales. Proceeds from the largest soft drink company in the world rose

slightly to 1900 billion this year.

Developed countries

Ecuador is a country in process of development, which means it is a country

whose economy is in full economic development. The Ecuador has not yet

reached the status of developed countries, which are the countries which are

located with a high standard of living.

Supports

The Ecuadorian government through SENAMI supports students and

professionals Ecuadorians abroad in the improvement of their professional

training, and seeks their insertion in the labor market, in order to ensure a

transfer of knowledge and technology with dignity.

Contaminated

In Ecuador, one of the main reasons to save the environment is to prevent

pollution, the pollution of rivers is vitally important, not only for the protection

of the environment itself, but of the wildlife and vegetation who live in them.

Humans should avoid drinking contaminated water.

Advance

Today, we see teens using technology, are able to obtain much information

quickly. This has revolutionized the world of education, which is becoming

more and more technology, so it is possible the most dynamic and

entertaining learning. Thanks to the advanced technology many people

manage to get much information.

Smog

Smoking endangers the health of a person and the people around you. The

smoke from his cigarette seriously harms the nonsmokers. Many diseases

are caused because of the smog from cigarettes.

Home to

The Galapagos Islands make up the world's most diverse islands, there are

several species of plants and is home to several animal species typical of the

islands, the animals show no fear in the presence of humans and other

animals. This makes Galapagos a very special place for tourism and

photography.

Estimated

In the Galapagos Islands is estimated that there are 15 sub-species of

Galapagos giant tortoises. Some of them prefer the highlands of the larger

islands due to moisture, abundant grass and small ponds where they drink

and rest. Other Turtles prefer the Islands with little elevation, dry land with a

variety of thorny vegetation such as cacti.

2.1.4. EXAMPLES OF GRAMMAR MUST – HAVE TO

MUST

My sister has to go to a birthday party of his friend. She must get home at ten

o'clock.

My father has a U.S. customer. He must travel to close the deal.

My mother has to put money in the bank. She must go before it closes.

Maritza started to arrange the garden of his house. His father said she should

finish it.

My mother is not home today. I must cook dinner for my brother and my

father.

HAVE TO

Tomorrow we have English exam at eight o'clock in the morning. We must be

on time.

In class we were asked to do a work of literature. I have to stay an hour later.

My brother is eighteen years. He has to do his military service this year.

My brother was taken to the hospital because he had an accident. Doctors

have to treat first.

Maribel has many important documents on your desktop. She has to be more

organized with your papers.

My cousin plans to take a trip to Quito. He has to be at the airport at seven

o'clock.

2.1.5. ESSAY

Some people say that abortion should be legal. What do you think?

PROSS CONS

Inhuman put the woman in

danger of death or a serious and

permanent damage because of

pregnancy

It can cause certain

consequences in women such

as the cause of death due to

bleeding

Allow a woman to have the child

product of rape

Tener el riesgo de cáncer de

mama casi se dobla después de

un aborto

Remove to a handicapped child

because he and parents will

suffer much and cause too many

expenses

Can cause cervical cancer,

ovarian cancer equally and liver

PROBATE OF ABORTION

The abortion is fetal death by his expulsion, natural or induced, at any time of

intrauterine life, there are many arguments in those countries where, for any

reason, try to look for the legalization of abortion.

Some people mentioned that abortion should be legalized because it is

inhumane to put a woman in danger of death or a serious and permanent

damage because of pregnancy. Also consider it is cruel allow a woman to

have the child product of rape and finally see the need to eliminate a

handicapped child because he and parents will suffer much and cause too

many expenses.

Also consider that abortion can cause certain consequences in women such

as the cause of death due to bleeding, infection, embolism, anesthesia, and

undiagnosed ectopic pregnancies. They can also take the risk of breast

cancer almost doubles after one abortion and even increases further with two

or more abortions other reason so you should avoid abortion is to curb the

risk of cervical cancer, cancer also ovarian and liver that abortion is linked

with single or multiple.

In conclusion for some people the abortion may be an option to the suffering

of women who have been raped while for others it is illegal because the

woman is with many risks such as death or turn cancer.

2.1.6. EXAMPLES WHERE YOU SHOW THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF

PASSIVE

Present Passive

1) Cats capture many mice

Many mice are captured by cats

2) Mauricio manufactures sports shoes

Athletic shoes are made by Mauricio

3) Santiago solve all mathematical exercises

Mathematical exercises are solved by Santiago

4) Margarita Juan dances with romantic music

John is dancing with Margarita romantic music

5) The designer designs a new hairstyle for the contestant

A new hairstyle is designing the stylist to the contestant

Past passive

1) Javier wrote a new novel

A new novel was written by Javier

2) My sister prepared a chocolate cake

A chocolate cake was prepared by my sister

3) Eduardo won a gold medal for athletics

For athletics gold medal was won by Eduardo

4) Santiago cut forest trees

The trees of the forest were cut by Santiago

5) Mary solved some of the problems of mathematics

Some of the math problems were resolved by Maria

Future passive

1) Doris will open your business tomorrow

The business will be opened tomorrow Doris

2) My father will make a new desktop for tomorrow

A new desktop will be done for my father tomorrow

3) My brother made a new economy project next month

A new economy project will be done by my brother next month

4) Dario will fix the car tomorrow

The car will be arranged by Dario morning

5) Ruben will destroy the wall next month

The wall will be destroyed by Ruben next month

Passive with modals

1) Doris could open the room of his brother

The room could be opened by Doris

2) My aunt can make a new dress for the party

The party dress can be done by my aunt

3) Teresa could design a new design competition

The new design for the competition can be designed by Teresa

4) Tamara can cook for dinner

Dinner can be cooked by Teresa

5) My brother could write the letter pair my mother

The letter to my mother could be written by my brother

2.1.7. ARTICLE DESCRIBING A PAINTING

THE ART OF LEONARDO DA VINCI

Leonardo da Vinci was a Florentine painter. He was born in Vinci on April 15,

1452 and died in Amboise on May 2, 1519, at age 67. Leonardo studied with

the renowned Florentine painter Andrea Verrocchio. He performed some very

important jobs that were created in Milan in the service of Duke Ludovico

Sforza.

Also Leonardo worked in many places like Rome, Bologna and Venice and

spent the last years of his life in France. Leonardo da Vinci is considered one

of the greatest painters of all time. The most important works were carried

Gioconda and The Last Supper, paintings highly recognized worldwide.

Although he made many paintings, only know about twenty of his works.

La Gioconda also known as the Mona Lisa was acquired by King Francis I

of France in the early sixteenth century, ever since the French State owned,

and currently on display at the Louvre Museum in Paris.

The Last Supper is a mural made between 1495 and 1497, is located on the

wall on which it is originally painted in the refectory of the Dominican convent

of Santa Maria Grazie in Milan. Many experts and art historians, consider

The Last Supper as one of the best paintings in the world.

2.1.8. EXAMPLES OF THE CAUSATIVE FORMS

My brother will arrange my table

I will have my table arranged

Javier has resolved my exercises of math

I have had math homework resolved

Susana will iron the clothes of Maritza in next month

Maritza will have the clothes ironed in next month

My mother will clean my room

I will have my room cleaned

The technician has fixed my computer

I have my computer fixed

My brother will do my homework

I will have my homework done

Susana has prepared dinner for your family

The Susan´s family has had the dinner prepared

Martha has done the accounting work for her friend

Martha's friends has had her accounting work done

Anderson will paint the house of Javier

Javier will have the Anderson´s house painted

Christian will write the poem for Lorena

Lorena will have the poem written

Juan won my competition in the university

I had my competition won in the university

My father repaired the guitar of Liliana yesterday

Liliana had his guitar repaired yesterday

2.1.9. EXAMPLES OF REPORTED SPEECH

I will go to visit my grandparents tomorrow (Maritza)

Maritza said, she would go to visit her grandparents the next

day

I like to listen music in my room (Daniela)

Daniela said, she liked to listen music in her room

I will give a present to my friend (Nathalie)

Nathalie said, she would give a present to her friend

I will travel to Quito the next month (Dario)

Dario said, he would travel to Quito the following month

I like to play soccer in the school (Juan)

Juan said, he played soccer in the school

I like played basketball two weeks ago (Susana)

Susana said, she had played basketball 2 weeks before

The mammoths disappeared millions of years ago (the teacher)

The teacher said, the mammoths had disappeared millions of

year before.

I am going to the museum tomorrow (Santiago)

Santiago said, He was going to the museum the next day

Do they allow cameras inside? (Roberto)

Roberto asked if cameras are allowed in the museum.

Can we eat in the class? (Milena)

Milena asked if we are allowed to eat in class.

When close the cinema? (Milena)

Milena asked when the cinema closed

How much does a blouse? (Margarita)

Margarita asked how much a blouse cost

Can we dance in the party? (Gabriela)

Gabriela asked if we are allowed to dance at the party

2.1.10. ARTICLE DESCRIBING A PERSON

MATILDE HIDALGO DE PROCEL

The help, be useful to those around her and know how to respond to the

needs of many people. That's what I wanted to do Matilde Hidalgo and

managed to do so thanks to medicine. Being the first woman doctor of

Ecuador

Matilde Hidalgo Navarro was born in the city of Loja, is registered in the

parish of San Sebastian on September 29, 1889. A very important moment in

the life of Matilde is to get your bachelor's degree in male college Loja

Bernardo Valdivieso that by then seemed impossible for a woman that stood

out as the best student, graduating with honors, as the first woman bachelor

of Ecuador. Matilde Hidalgo overcame many obstacles to get into college and

to this day July 18, 1919 achieved the dream title "Bachelor of Medicine".

Then she graduated doctor of medicine at the Central University of Quito, the

first medical Ecuador.

Matilde Hidalgo sets high standards for women to follow. She confronted her

family and friends because they considered unworthy a woman to study at a

school for boys. It was a woman with great courage I face many problems to

fulfill his dream of becoming a doctor.

2.2. EXPOSITIONS

2.2.1. FESTIVAL IN ECUADOR

INTIRAYMI

The Inti Raymi Festival is held in late June each year in the Andean peoples

of Peru, Bolivia, Argentina and Ecuador, where many people gather to

celebrate and show their gratitude for the bounty of the land with a variety of

traditional rituals colors.

IntiRaymi, which meansFestival of the Sunorthe resurrectionof the Sunis

celebratedin the towns ofPedroMoncayoandCayambein the province

ofPichinchaandCotacachi, Otavalo,

IbarraandAntonioAnte,intheImbaburaProvinceofEcuador. InOtavalo, the

celebrationslast for daysandhave becomea popular tourist attraction.

DuringIntiRaymi, members of indigenous communitiesgoto the springs, rivers

and waterfalls to undergospiritual

purificationritual, which they believe leads toa

renewal ofenergy andstrengthening your

relationshipwith Mother Nature. InOtavalo, this

ritualtakes placeat midnightinnearby waterfallwhich is consideredsacred.

As partof the celebrations, live music accompanies thedancers whoare led by

theAyaUma-a mythological characterbelieved to be

thespirit ofthe mountain.Arespected member ofthe

communitywill play theAyaUma, with the use ofa mask

withtwo faces thatrepresent the dayand night,andwith

twelvehorns representingthe twelvemonths of the year.

IntiRaymiisalso a celebration ofthe recovery ofan

indigenous identitythat had been lostover a periodof

time.InOtavalothisis celebrated bya march inthecity's centralsquare,

decorated with boldlystripedflagsrepresenting unitywhile respecting diversity.

After the march, music and dancing continuefor hours in ajoyful celebrationof

life.

2.2.2. NANO - WORLD

NANOTECHNOLOGY AND CANCER

Cancer is a very complicated

disease. Nobody is quite sure

what causes it, but it happens

when some cells in your body

go haywire and grow out of

control. Not all cancers are

alike, some are on the skin

and others are located deep

within the body. The first challenge is actually finding the cancer. Can

nanotechnology help us? Sure.

Another reader wanted to know about how nanotechnology would impact

cancer. What is important about treating cancer? Finding where the cancer is

in the body and then sending powerful medicines only to where the cancer is

located.

The first challenge is finding the cancer.

You want to find it when it is really small,

before it gets too big. X-rays don’t do a

good job because they only work with

things like bones. Other ways of looking

inside the body can work but you need to

label the cancer cells so that you can see

them. Quantum dots (shown right) are one

way to label cells. They are really small, around five nanometers in size and

because they are really tiny they can make it through the body to the cancer.

If you want something to go through the blood stream to all parts of the body,

they need to be really small. The tiny capillaries that delivery food and

oxygen throughout your body become really narrow, only a few thousand

nanometers in diameter. Once the quantum dots reach the cancer a special

kind of light is used, infrared light that can penetrate deep into the body. The

quantum dots glow and you can see them with a special camera

Once you figure out where the cancer is,

nanotechnology can also be used to treat it.

Nanotechnology can make tiny particles, only a few

nanometers in size that can reach the cancer.

Scientists have shown that things like carbon

nanotubes and small particles of gold can be

delivered to the cancer. Once they are there, you

can again use special kinds of light to heat up the nanotubes or the particles

of gold. Turns out that cancer cells explode when you heat them up and if

you can heat only the cancer cells up and not the healthy tissue around it,

you can treat cancer. Most of this stuff is still experimental but progress is

being made.

2.2.3. THE ART AROUND THE WORLD

Art is any activity or product done by humans for aesthetic purposes or

communicative, through which we express ideas, emotions or, in general, a

vision of the world through various resources, such as plastics, linguistic,

audio or mixed.

The creative arts are often divided into more specific categories, such as

decorative arts, plastic arts, performing arts and literature. So, painting is a

form of visual art, and poetry is a form of literature.

An example of visual art is the painting of 'Mona Lisa', was

painted by Leonardo da Vinci. It certainly wins the title of

the world's most famous painting. His mysterious smile is

what has intrigued millions. 'Mona Lisa' is the most

famous painting there.

As poetry can mention "I like you calm" of its author

Pablo Neruda Chilean poet, considered among the

best and most influential artists of his century, "the

greatest poet of the twentieth century in any

language", according Gabriel GarcíaMárquez. In

this poem speaks to Pablo Neruda which a girl in

love.

The architecture is also considered an expression of

art. The Eiffel Tower is a steel structure located in

Paris, which remains a monumental construction signal

wrought iron. The French civil engineer

AlexandreGustave Eiffel designed it for the Paris

Universal Exhibition of 1889.

Currently the vision of art has changed, the old formulas based on creating

art or beauty in imitation of nature have become obsolete, and today the art

is a dynamic quality, in constant transformation, also immersed in the media

communication.

2.2.4. NEWS

MERCOSUR OR UNASUR MAY PRESENT CLASS ACTION AGAINST

U.S. ACCORDING TO EVO MORALES

The Bolivian president said that his country is committed to collectively

demand the United States with the intention to respect the international

treaties.

At a press conference at the Presidential Palace, the first indigenous

president of Bolivia said that that country would demand the Southern

Common Market (Mercosur), or the Union of South American Nations

(UNASUR).

The Bolivian government and much of the countries in the region believe that

the United States was behind the refusal to grant over flight and aircraft

operations to Morales to three weeks ago.

Morales was questioned about Bolivia's position regarding the possible

expulsion of the ambassadors of France, Portugal, Italy and Spain, the

countries involved in the kidnapping called air, a proposed social

organizations that make up the Unity Pact.

That's why Evo Morales said that States have to make decisions in close

consultation and for that our Foreign Minister David Choquehuanca in

contact with some chancellors

HEALTH AUTHORITIES FOUND EXPIRED MEDICINES IN THE

HOSPITAL "RODRIGUEZ ZAMBRANO" OF MANTA

Officials say sanctions will be imposed. In the execution of a arrangement by

the Minister of Health and the Health Zonal Coordinator of Manabi.

CarmitaPinargote indicated that the early morning hours when he was not

working administrative staff found a number of irregularities in the Hospital

"Rodriquez Zambrano" including evidence of contamination medication.

PinargoteCarmita said a fridge that was in the pharmacy, it was almost an

entire wardrobe, meals mixed with medications. Furthermore, in the cellars of

the house of health, various medical supplies were found, with their expiry

date.

The Zonal Health Coordinator Manabi said that we he would not because

leaving a drug expire obviously found that medicine has expired years ago.

So tell after recording these irregularities will run administrative sanctions.

ECUADOR, SECOND CAR DESTINATION COUNTRY MADE IN

COLOMBIA FOR YEAR 2012

The Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism said that Colombia last

year exported 25798 vehicles manufactured entirely in the country. The main

destination of these cars was Mexico at 43.17%, followed by Ecuador

(28.8%), Peru (9.96%), Argentina (8.78%), Chile (4.36%), Venezuela

(2.13%), Guatemala (1.20 %), Panama (1.2%) and others (1%)

Sergio Diaz, said that while in 2010, 90% of foreign sales were made to

Venezuela and Ecuador, the Colombian automotive industry has entered into

more than 10 markets.

It identified this activity as one of the leading sectors and one of the

locomotives for development.

In Colombia are established assemblers Auomotriz Colombian Company,

General Motors, Colomotores, Sofa, Hino Motors Manufacturing, Non Plus

Ultra Bodyworks among others.

GM Colomotores inaugurated on 11 July, a total production facility to

manufacture vehicles that sucks about 60000 units per year for the local

industry and external.

3. CONCLUSIONS

English is universal language in which professionals should know

to speak and write.

It is important to know the grammar in written English, to facilitate

the carrying out of tests or reports and project development.

You must understand that some of the phrases in English do not

have a specific meaning in Spanish.

Different words have the same spelling but have different

meanings according to set context in which they are used.

It is essential to have a broad vocabulary to enhance learning in

the foreign language is English

,