Julia Sander

Student’s Book 3

ENGLISHMATTERS

9780230023666_text.indb 1 08/09/2019 16:39

Macmillan Education4 Crinan StreetLondon N1 9XWA division of Macmillan Publishers LimitedCompanies and representatives throughout the world

www.macmillan-caribbean.com

ISBN: 978-1-380-07039-5

Text © Julia Sander 2010Design and illustration © Macmillan Publishers Limited 2010

All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers.

Design by Andrew MageeTypeset by TechTypeCover design by Clare WebberCover photographs: images provided with the kind permission of the Carter family, Joanne Chan, Corbis, Ian McDonald, Rosemary Parkinson, Jim Rudin, Philip Stokes. Illustrations by Ann Baum, David Burroughs, Jenny Gregory c/o Linda Rogers Associates; Adam Hook, Patricia Ludlow and Clive Spong c/o Linden Artists; Jim Eldridge c/o Beehive Illustration; Avril Kos

The author and publisher would like to thank the following for permission to reproduce their photographs: Alamy/Robert Harding p181, Alamy/Mike Goldwater p156, Alamy/Oasis p184; Corbis/Bob Anderson p163, Corbis/Bettmann p158, Corbis/Richard Hamilton-Smith p70, Corbis/Reuters p132, Corbis/Sygma pp60, 188(r); Enriquez/Kalilah Enriquez p172; Getty pp51, 202(r); Photolibrary pp126(l, r), 133; Rex Features pp52, 178, Rex Features/Ben Alcraft p178, Rex Features/Olaf Ballinos p125(r), Rex Features/Everret Collection p27, Rex Features/Patrick Frilet p125(l), Rex Features/MGM/Everett p188(l), Rex Features/SPA pp28, 33, 202(l).

Printed and bound in Malaysia

2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10

9780230023666_text.indb 2 08/09/2019 16:39

Table of Contents

Scope and Sequence 4Acknowledgements 8Preface for the Teacher 9 1. Expectations 10 2. Growing Up 18 3. Rights and Responsibilities 26 4. Peer Pressures 34 5. Shopping Around 42 6. Speaking Out 50Review and Practice A 58 7. Places 62 8. People 70 9. The Language of Poetry 78 10. Points of View 86 11. Dreams 94 12. Cultural Differences 104Review and Practice B 112 13. Presenting Yourself 116 14. Choosing a Career 124 15. Safety at Work 132 16. Tomorrow’s World 140 17. Women’s Work 148 18. Children at Work 156Review and Practice C 164

Enrichment Section 168Sample Essays 204

Reference Section 208 Parts of Speech 208 Punctuation Guide 209 Sentence Structure 211 Composition Review 213 Grammar Guide 214 Glossary of Terms used in Language and Literature 219 Transcripts for Listening Exercises 222

Index 228

9780230023666_text.indb 3 08/09/2019 16:39

4

Scope and Sequence

Section One:The World Around Us

Unit Listening and Speaking Reading and Responding Language Matters

1. Expectations Speaking: Discuss balanced lifestyle. Make a group report

Purple HibiscusGenre: Extract from novelSkill: Different ways of approaching a text

Sentences: run-on sentences, sentence fragmentsSubject–verb agreement

2. Growing Up Listening and Speaking:Listen to phone calls. Deduce attitudeRadio call-in programme simulation

Ma’s Visit: The Year in San FernandoGenre: Extract from novelSkill: Discuss actions/ motives

Functions of words in sentences: adverbs, adjectivesAdjectival and adverbial phrases

3. Rights and Responsibilities

Listening and Speaking: Listen for semantic and numerical clues in discussionDiscuss rights and responsibilities in classroom

Taking a StandGenre: Magazine articleSkill: Audience and purposeParagraphing: main points, supporting details

Simple and continuous present tensesConditional sentencesPersonal pronouns

4. Peer Pressures Speaking: Discuss a cartoonDiscussion to clarify point of view on underage drinking

Beka LambGenre: Extract from novelSkill: DRTA (directed reading/ thinking activity)

Simple and continuous past tensesDirect speech punctuation

5. Shopping Around

Listening and Speaking: Comment on radio advertisements. Discuss adverts for cell phones

Brand NamesGenre: Internet ForumSkill: Summarise views of contributors

GerundsPresent and past participles used as connectives

6. Speaking Out Listening and Speaking: Listen to recitation of poem: ‘Dis Fighting’. Present / evaluate group recitation

The Art of CalypsoGenre: ExpositorySkill: Summarise paragraphs Comment on lyrics

Possessive adjectives and pronounsPassive voiceInstructions

Revision and Practice A: Self assessment questionnaireExercises: Give a presentation, use adjectives and adverbs to complete sentences, use active and passive verbs

Section Two:Writing Genres

7. Places Listening and Speaking: Make notes on a talkDiscuss own community. Give presentation

The Little Old HouseA House for Mr BiswasGenre: Poem and novel extractSkill: Identify mood and setting

Habitual past (used to / would)Comparison of adjectives and adverbsColon, semi-colon

8. People Speaking: Balloon Debate: role play and defend a character

The New HeadmasterGenre: Short storySkill: Triple read, deduce implied meaning, identify caricature

Adjectival clauses: defining and non-defining clausesAdverbial clausesCommas with clauses

9. The Language of Poetry

Speaking: Read aloud and discuss sonnet. Compare with free verse poem

Sonnets by William Wordsworth and John AgardGenre: PoemsSkill: Discuss sonnet form, denotation/ connotation

Noun phrases and clauses

9780230023666_text.indb 4 08/09/2019 16:39

5

Words Matter Writing Enrichment

Punctuation reviewSentence punctuationCapitalisationCommas

Revision of writing processPlan and write a group magazineWriting portfolioIT: Lay out a magazine

Questionnaire on time managementPrioritising: To-do lists

Word BuildingForm nouns and adjectives from root words

Audience and purposeWrite in formal and informal registerIT: Use electronic thesaurus

Extract from The Diary of a Young Girl (Anne Frank)Write timelinesIT: Research and create timelines

Research skillsParts of a bookParts of a websiteIT: Use a search engine for research

ParagraphingMain paragraphsIntroductory and concluding paragraphsWrite a biography

We Must Never Forget (Kalilah Enriquez)‘War’ (Bob Marley)

Word buildingSuffixes: –ment, –ness, –ful, –tion

Narrative writingWrite a story based on picturesStory planningIT: Create a template

Not Dressed Like That, You Don’t (Yvonne Coppard)Retell story from different perspective

Abbreviations and AcronymsSmall adverts

Formal lettersLetter of complaintIT: Type a formal letter and send to friends by email

New Trends in Marketing (text of speech)Write persuasive letter to newspaperAnalyse TV adverts

Verbal humourSatire, irony, sarcasm, puns

Writing a reportConduct research, plan and writeProvide bibliographyIT: Layout of report

Student Visit to Auschwitz Newspaper article‘1939’ (poem)IT: Find out more about genocide

Error identification, paragraphing Essays: Write a formal letter, report of story

Sensory wordsIdentify sensory language and emotional response

Description of settingDescription of placeSensory and figurative languageEmotional response

Study GuideHow to be a More Effective ReaderApply reading techniques to a factual passageIT: Apply reading techniques to online article

Adjective endingsDifference between –ed, –ingEndings: –al, –ent, –ic, –ish, –ive, –ous

Description of characterAppearance and personalityPositive and negative characteristicsIT: Edit character descriptions

Chinese AstrologyCharacteristics associated with birth signsVocabulary workIT: Research aspect of Chinese culture

SyllablesSyllabicationSyllable stress

Poetry ReviewSubject matter and form, literary devices, personal reactionIT: Research (William Wordsworth)

Poetic FormHaiku, tanka, concrete poetry

9780230023666_text.indb 5 08/09/2019 16:39

6

Unit Listening and Speaking Reading and Responding Language Matters

10. Points of View

Listening and Speaking: Reconstruct main points of speech about crime. Case Study: persuade someone to report a crime

Time to Hang AgainGenre: Newspaper articleSkill: Distinguish between fact and opinion. Identify rhetorical and emotive language

Join short sentencesAdverbial clauses of time, cause and effect, contrast, purposeRelative clauses

11. Dreams Speaking: Retell a picture story. Discuss story structure Retell a story

The NecklaceGenre: Short StorySkill: Identify story line. Identify major / minor characters, archetypes

Punctuation reviewDirect speechReported speech

12. Cultural Differences

Listening and Speaking: Discuss views expressed about arranged marriages Discuss cultural differences

The Dilemma of a GhostGenre: DramaSkill: Identify assumptions and stereotypes

Perfect tenses:Present perfect, present / past perfect continuous Perfect infinitive (should have, could have etc.)

Revision and Practice B: Self assessment questionnaireExercises: introductory dialogue, identify types of phrases and clauses, use correct perfect tenses, reported speech

Section ThreeThe World of Work

13. Presenting Yourself

Speaking: Discuss job adverts: experience, qualifications, attributes required

Who Will Be Appointed?Genre: DialogueSkill: Assess responses at interview

Reflexive / emphatic pronouns

14. Choosing a Career

Listening and speaking: Make notes on a careers talkGenerate questions to be asked in careers interview

Careers in the Tourist IndustryGenre: LeafletSkill: Formulate questions to find information

Open and hypothetical conditional sentences

15. Safety at Work

Listening and speakingSummarise a live report of a fire. Give a live report of a disaster

Safety in the WorkplaceGenre: WebpageSkill: Draw on prior knowledgeReview after reading

Reported speech: questions, advice, instructionsError recognition

16. Tomorrow’s World

Speaking: Interpret diagram Discuss new and future technology

The Fun They HadGenre: Science fictionSkill: Distinguish between realism and fantasy. Flashback technique

Passive voice: perfect tenses, giving advice

17. Women’s Work

Speaking: Debate: A Woman’s Place is in the HomeDiscuss fallacies

Pigtails and BreadfruitThe WasherwomenGenre: Memoir, poemSkill: Compare poem with prose passage on similar theme

Use correct prepositions with nouns, pronouns, verbs and adjectives

18. Children at Work

Listening and Speaking: Summarise and evaluate talk on street kids. Select a charity for which to raise funds

David CopperfieldGenre: Extract from novelSkill: Identify realism and fantasyIT: Find out more about child labour

Combine sentences with conjunctions and relative pronounsToo + adjective + toEither, neither, both

Revision and Practice C: Self Assessment QuestionnaireExercises: role play job interview, active and passive verb forms, prepositions, error recognition

9780230023666_text.indb 6 08/09/2019 16:39

7

Words Matter Writing Enrichment

ConnectivesIntroducing, developing, concluding an argumentContrast, cause and effect

Persuasive WritingLetter to newspaper expressing views

Business MeetingAgenda and minutes of school debating societyConduct own business meetingIT: Type agenda and minutes

Time sequencingNo sooner than, to begin with, eventually, at first, not long after

Writing a short storyElements of a story, planning, setting, problem, resolutionStarting and concluding a storyIT: Create anthology of stories

21st Century Archetypes (magazine article)Find own archetypesIT: Research characters mentioned in article

American and British spellingIT: Set language to UK or USA English

DramatisationDramatise a story. Use dialogue to reveal setting and character

Extract from A Brighter SunWrite a book blurbIT: Find out more about writer and add to book blurb

Punctuation, error recognition, edit a paragraphEssay: persuasive letter, description, story

Addressing envelopesWriting the date

Job applicationsFill out application formWrite a letter of applicationIT: Type letter of application

Careers Aptitude TestDiscuss suitable careersSet short and long-term goalsIT: Find out more about careers

Suffixes used with occupations (–ist, –ian etc.)

Making notesWriting in note form: omitting unnecessary detail, abbreviations, headings, underliningIT: Research career options

Work simulationUse map and notes to plan tours of St LuciaIT: Prepare a leaflet

Prefixesover–, under–, mal–, mis–

Summary WritingSummarise main pointsOmit examples and minor detailsIT: Revise summaries

Where is Melissa? Newspaper reports (fact and supposition)‘Girl Reporter’ (poem)

PrefixesBi–, tri–, multi–, pseudo–

Narrative writingPlan and write story using starter sentenceFlashback techniqueIT: Add stories to class anthology

High Hopes for the Air CarArticle from technical journalTechnical language, jargon, euphemism

Idioms and proverbs Argumentative writingState position, give reasons. Essay planning

Poems: ‘My Uncle’, ‘Memories of a Grasscutter’Compare traditional men’s and women’s work

Easily confused wordsHomophones

Write text of a speechPlan and write speech: introduction, relevant ideas, conclusion. Use persuasive techniques

SOS Children: The AIDS Epidemic(leaflet)Poem: ‘Freedom Song’

Rephrase sentences, make notes on a text, write a summaryEssays: stories, description, letter, argumentative essays, newspaper articles

9780230023666_text.indb 7 08/09/2019 16:39

8

Acknowledgements

The publisher and author wish to thank the following rights holders for the use of copyright material:

Extract from Purple Hibiscus by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie © by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, reprinted by permission of Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill. All rights reserved; Poem: “Toussaint L’Ouverture Acknowledges Wordsworth’s Sonnet” by John Agard © 2002 John Agard reproduced by permission of John Agard c/o Caroline Sheldon Literary Agency Limited; Extract from The Dilemma of a Ghost by Ama Atoo Aidoo reproduced by permission of Pearson Education; Extract from Year in San Fernando by Michael Anthony reprinted by permission of the author;Extract from ‘The fun they had’ © 1957 Isaac Asimov from Isaac Asimov: The Complete stories of vol. 1 by Isaac Asimov, reproduced by permission of Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc; Extract from Ogun from Arrivants by Kamau Brathwaite reproduced by permission of Oxford University Press;Poem: “The Swallow” by Tony Charles reproduced by permission of Macmillan Children’s Books; Excerpted from Pigtails and Breadfruit by Austin Clarke, © 1999 by Austin Clarke, published in the US by The New Press, 2000, and in Canada as Love and Sweet Food by Thomas Allen Publishers, 2004, reprinted by permission of the author and The Bukowski Agency; Extract from Not dressed like that you don’t, Diaries of a Teenager and her mother by Yvonne Coppard reproduced by permission of the author; Poem: “I thank You God for most this amazing” from Complete Poems 1904-1962 by E E Cummings edited by George J Firmage reproduced by permission of W W Norton © 1991 by the Trustees for the E.E.Cummings Trust and George James Firmage; Extract from Beka Lamb by Zee Edgell reprinted by permission of Pearson Education; Lyrics Don’t Go Joe by Mighty Sparrow reprinted by permission of Mighty Sparrow; Extract We must never forget from Shades of Red by Kalilah Enriquez reproduced by permission of the author and Excellence Publishing, Belize; Extract from New Trends in TV Marketing by Marcia Forbes presented at the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association Conference Barbados 2005, reproduced by

permission of Marcia Forbes; Extract from The Diary of a Young Girl: The Definitive Edition by Anne Frank, edited by Otto H Frank and Mirjam Pressler, translated by Susan Massotty (Viking, 1997) © The Anne Frank-Fonds, Basle, Switzerland, 1991. English translation © Doubleday a division of Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group Inc, 1995 reprinted by permission of Penguin Group; Extract from Day trip to Auschwitz for pupils from every school by Alexandra Frean, Times Online February 4 2008 reproduced by permission of NI Syndication; Poem: “Girl Reporter” by Philip Hobsbaum reproduced by permission of Rosemary Hobsbaum, c/o WATCH Copyright Project, Reading University Library;Extract from A Different Sort of Time by Ian McDonald reproduced by permission of Ian McDonald; Poem: “I shall return” by Claude McKay reproduced by courtesy of the Literary Representative for the Works of Claude McKay, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations; Lyrics from Rumours of War by Bob Marley reproduced by permission of Blue Mountain Music Limited and The Music Sales Group; Extract from A House for Mr Biswas by V S Naipaul (Penguin Books, 1969) © V S Naipaul, 1961 reproduced by permission of Penguin Books; Extract from Freedom Song by Marjorie Oludhe-Macgoye reproduced by permission of the author; Extract from Gardening in Dominica by Polly Pattullo reprinted by permission of the author; Extract from Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys reproduced by permission of W W Norton & Company, Inc; Letter reproduced by permission of Janelle Romero and www.thestirrer.com; Extract from A Brighter Sun by Sam Selvon reproduced by permission of Pearson Education; Extracts from The New Headmaster from The Annihilation of Fish and Other Stories by Anthony Winkler, Macmillan Caribbean, reproduced by permission of Macmillan Education; Extract from CSEC Social Studies, Macmillan Caribbean reproduced by permission of Macmillan Education.

If any copyright holders have been omitted, please contact the publishers who will make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

9780230023666_text.indb 8 08/09/2019 16:39

9

Preface for the Teacher

English Matters is an entirely new four-book course which incorporates the requirements of the most recent teaching syllabuses in Caribbean countries. Student’s Books 1 to 3 are intended for use in the first three years of secondary education, and cover the requirements of the new certificates of secondary competence. Student’s Book 4 prepares students for the CSEC examination in English Language.

Like the first two books in the series, Student’s Book 3 is divided into 18 units, with three revision units which can be used at the teacher’s discretion. Each unit is based on a broad theme, and language skills are closely integrated. The themes have been carefully selected for their appeal to students at this level. A flexible approach to the activities is recommended. Interactive activities such as pairwork and groupwork are frequently suggested, but teachers can of course adapt these to the needs of their students and the constraints of their teaching situation.

Listening and SpeakingEach unit begins with a section which introduces the topic and practises aural and oral skills. Listening passages practise the skills of listening for a purpose, listening for gist and for detail, and distinguishing between what is relevant and irrelevant. Speaking exercises draw on students’ prior knowledge and practise essential skills, for example, summarising, agreeing and disagreeing, and negotiating with others. A CD recording of the listening passages is supplied with the Teacher’s Guide, and transcripts can be found at the back of the Student’s Book and in the Teacher’s Guide.

Reading and RespondingEnglish Matters 3 includes a very wide range of texts. A variety of reading strategies, such as skimming, scanning and predicting are practised. Emphasis is laid on the ability to answer inferential questions and to discuss the implications of the texts provided. The study of literary aspects of texts is included, for example, elements of poems, imagery, story structure, to enable students to appreciate the texts they read in literature classes.

Language MattersEach unit includes a range of exercises which review and practise grammar in a systematic way. Brief notes are provided with each new grammar point and a fuller explanation is given in the Reference Section at the back.

Words MatterThis section includes exercises which help students to develop their vocabulary, such as finding synonyms, adding prefixes and suffixes, and using a dictionary and a thesaurus.

WritingThe writing section focuses on the writing process and provides a wide range of tasks. Students practise key skills such as planning, making notes, summarising, paragraphing, writing and proof reading a first draft, and producing a final copy.

EnrichmentTwo supplementary pages for each unit are provided at the end of the book. These include a range of texts which consider the theme of the unit from a different angle. They also include a range of extended writing tasks. They are intended as a resource for teachers, and can be used not only to stimulate more able learners, but also to provide interesting additional material for the whole class. In Student’s Book 3, texts focusing on study skills are included to help students prepare for examinations at this level and for future study.

ITSuggestions for using Information Technology are given in most units.

Reference SectionStudents should be encouraged to use this section for themselves to support their learning. Sample essays are provided as a model for students’ own work.

Teacher’s Guide and WorkbookA Teacher’s Guide which contains useful advice on how to use the Student’s Book is available online and in hard copy. A Workbook which gives extra practice in the skills covered in the Student’s Book is also available.

9780230023666_text.indb 9 08/09/2019 16:39