English III Study Guide

I. Vocabulary 1. Before becoming a successful writer, Jack London was a _____ prospector, searching for gold in Alaska. 2. Using the most up to date equipment, the firefighters worked tirelessly to _____ the victim of smoke inhalation. 3. I don’t think I’d call such a(n) _____ grammatical mistake a minor “slip of the pen.” 4. I was so _____ about whether to go out for basketball or for swimming that I ended up going out for neither. 5. When you are _____ in returning a book to the library, you are preventing someone else from using it.

A. NOVICE D. EGREGIOUS AC. IRRESOLUTE B. CULPABLE E. DILATORY AD.ASTUTE C. NEBULOUS AB.SLOVENLY AE. RESUSCITATE

6. The kinds of books I enjoy reading range from light and airy comedies to _____studies of social and

philosophical problems. 7. In view of the fact that I have been driving for years without a single accident, his advice on how to handle a car

seemed entirely _____. 8. Anyone who _____ when the opportunity to make a very profitable deal presents itself, is not going to be

notably successful in the business world. 9. Think of the great advantages that will _____ for all of us if we can carry out a truly effective program to conserve

and maintain our natural resources. 10. His elegant appearance was matched by the _____ ease and polish of his manners.

A. DEBONAIR D. ACCRUE AC. PROCRASTINATES B. GRATUITOUS E. RECONDITE AD.INVECTIVE C. DUN AB. MOTLEY AE. EQUANIMITY

11. Marie’s appealing personality and endearing manner make her quite _____ and engaging. 12. With that one _____ comment, she brought an end to all the aimless talk and directed our attention to the real

problem facing us. 13. Over the years, his normal desire for financial security was gradually distorted into a boundless _____. 14. “Evening dress is far too _____ for such an informal occasion,” I thought to myself as I tried to decide what to

wear that night. 15. To characterize the literary style of Edgar Allan Poe as “unique and one of a kind” is certainly _____.

A. REDUNDANT D.OSTENTATIOUS AC. CUPIDITY B. DELETERIOUS E. EXTENUATE AD. INCISIVE C. CLANGOR AB. PROSAIC AE. WINSOME 16. To allow a man in his condition to get behind the wheel of a car is to _____ a potential crime. 17. I will _____ your fitness to do the work of any prospective employer who inquires. 18. Your comments showed a _____ disregard for my feelings. 19. She opted not to _____ the subject of the moldy small in the bedroom for fear of insulting her hosts. 20. He has read so widely that he can produce facts to _____ any argument he advances.

D. CAROUSAL D. BLATANT AC. HERCULEAN E. AVER E. BROACH AD.BUTTRESS F. ABET AB.GRISLY AE. FOMENT 21. I am a great admirer of Charles Dickens, but even I must admit that the death of Little Nell in The Odd Curiosity

Shop is too _____ to be truly effective. 22. The scientific method stands as a(n) _____ against the tides of irrationality and superstition. 23. His constant blustering and _____ behavior may be no more than an unconscious attempt to conceal his lack of

self-confidence.

24. I am surprised that she now shows such exaggerated _____ to people whose “aristocratic” pretensions she has always regarded with contempt.

25. After years of _____ living, he experienced a profound change of heart and devoted the rest of his life to serving humanity.

G. MAWKISH D. PROFLIGATE AC. DEFERENCE H. ADAMANT E. DEMEANOR AD.CHOLERIC I. REMITTING AB.REQUISITE AE. BULWARK

26. Her bitter anger was eventually _____ by our skillful appeals to her vanity. 27. Let us place the _____ for the defeat where it belongs—on each and every one of us! 28. Our coach is _____ that we not drink sugary drinks before a game and insists we only hydrate with water. 29. When you have a feeling that something is about to happen, you may unconsciously act in a way that will help

the _____ come true. 30. Though my sister has many close friends, she is a(n) _____ who is reluctant to share her private thoughts and

feelings.

D. MOLLIFIED D. ADAMANT AC. IMPROMPTU E. ONUS E. PRESENTIMENT AD.CHOLERIC F. DEFERENCE AB. ENIGMA AE. THWART

II. Transcendentalism, Realism, Naturalism, and Regionalism 1. Author Identification. Write the name of the author of each piece or the author being described in the blank beside each item.

31. _____________________________________________“Richard Cory”

32. _____________________________________________ “The Story of an Hour”

33. _____________________________________________ “Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”

34. _____________________________________________ “Self Reliance”

35. _____________________________________________ “Because I Could not Wait for Death”

36. _____________________________________________ “I Heard a Fly Buzz When I Died”

37. _____________________________________________ “Song of Myself”

38. _____________________________________________ “Narrative of the Life of _____”

39. _____________________________________________ “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”

40. _____________________________________________ “To Build a Fire”

41. _____________________________________________ “Desiree’s Baby”

42. _____________________________________________ “Miniver Cheevy”

43. _____________________________________________ “Success is Counted Sweetest”

44. _____________________________________________ “Civil Disobedience”

45. _____________________________________________ “Walden”

46. _____________________________________________Early on s/he developed a habit of questioning and

challenging traditional ideas and authorities.

47. _____________________________________________Founded the North Star newspaper.

48. _____________________________________________A very popular lecturer, many of his/her lectures were written

as essays.

49. _____________________________________________Lived in England to escape persecution.

50. _____________________________________________Lived at Walden Pond for two years.

51. _____________________________________________Was once severely wounded and cited for bravery in the many

battles he fought no fewer than fifteen times.

52. _____________________________________________He was never sure of his exact birthday.

53. _____________________________________________Disappeared in Mexico, where he went to either report on or

join the Mexican Revolution.

54. _____________________________________________Resigned from the ministry and went on an extended tour of

Europe.

55. _____________________________________________He was unable to keep a job as a school teacher, uninterested

in continuing the family business, rejected by the woman he wanted to marry, and told by his dear friend that he

had no ambition.

56. _____________________________________________ “Bitter _____”

57. _____________________________________________A disciplined poet who chose isolation and created a private

life to fulfill his/her artistic goals.

58. _____________________________________________The most celebrated humorist in United States history.

59. _____________________________________________Wrote The Spoon River Anthology

60. _____________________________________________A Louisiana writer, many of his/her stories discuss the plight of

women in marriage.

2. Transcendentalism: Complete the following.

61. __________Short statement of general truth or wisdom about life A. NONCONFORMIST

62. __________Brief, non-fiction article that expresses an opinion on a subject B. REPITITION

63. __________Statement that seems to be contradictory or ridiculous, but is true C. PARADOX

64. __________One who does not follow generally accepted beliefs, customs, or practices D. APHORISMS

65. __________Recurrence of words, phrases, or lines E. CATALOG

66. __________List of people, things, or qualities AB. FORM

67. __________Organic form of poetry without regular patterns of rhyme and meter AC. ESSAY

68. __________The way a poem is organized AD. ORGANIC FORM

69. __________Poetry that is irregular and mimics natural speech AE. FREE VERSE

70. __________Poetry that follows fixed rules BC. CONVENTIONAL FORM

71. What is nature writing?

72. List two reasons why Thoreau went to live in the woods.

73. Why did Thoreau decide to return from the woods?

74. List two main points of “Self Reliance.”

75. According to Thoreau, what are three ways to serve the state? Give an example and advantage or disadvantage of each (as discussed in class).

76. List four ways Thoreau was a nonconformist.

77. Give two examples of Thoreau’s ideas of reform.

78. List two reasons why some people criticized Thoreau.

79. List four poems written by Walt Whitman. 3. Fill in the Blank. Write the answer in each blank that best completes the statement.

80. ________________________________________ As the United States became more industrialized, _____ displaced skilled workers.

81. ________________________________________ was on the rise as people flocked to cities looking for high-paying

factory work, only to find the cities crowded and employment difficult to find.

82. ________________________________________ is a term coined by Mark Twain. It means a time of extreme decline and progress, of poverty and dazzling wealth, of gloom and buoyant hope.

83. ________________________________________ are an important part of American literature because they give

voices to a group of people who were largely ignored for decades.

84. ________________________________________became the nation’s dominant culture force during the latter half of the nineteenth century.

85. ________________________________________said realists had “a powerful impulse to mirror the unmitigated

realities of life.”

86. ________________________________________literature that contains realistic descriptions of dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America.

87. ________________________________________ The belief in the animality of man, which suggested that people are dominated by the irresistible forces of nature.

4. Discussion and Quote Identification. Answer each question in complete sentences. For the quotes, IDENTIFY THE PIECE FROM WHICH IT COMES and discuss its meaning against the backdrop of realism and naturalism.

88. List the five key ideas in Naturalistic literature.

89. Discuss how the industrial revolution tended to strip man of his humanity. 90. Discuss the contrast in character between Miniver Cheevy and Richard Cory. How does this contrast support the pessimistic worldview of the Realists?

91.. “As he is about to clasp her, he feels a stunning blow on the back of the neck; a blinding white light blazes all about him with a sound like the shock of a cannon—then all is darkness and silence!”

Author: __________________________________________________

Explanation:

92. “He had had no chance to take a bite of biscuit. He struck his fingers repeatedly and returned them to the mitten, baring the other hand for the purpose of eating. He tried to take a mouthful, but the ice muzzle prevented. He had forgotten to build a fire and thaw out. He chuckled at his foolishness, and as he chuckled he noted the numbness creeping into the exposed fingers.”

Author: __________________________________________________ Explanation:

93. I willed my Keepsakes - Signed away

What portion of me be

Assignable - and then it was

There interposed a Fly -

With Blue - uncertain - stumbling Buzz -

Between the light - and me -

And then the Windows failed - and then

I could not see to see –

Author: __________________________________________________ Explanation: To Build A Fire 94. Discuss the main character’s pride and how it leads to his downfall.

95. How is this an example of Naturalism? Frederick Douglass

96. List three reasons why slave narratives are important.

97. What role did abolitionists play in the development and publication of slave narratives?

98. Describe the scene at the auction in the excerpt from Mary Prince’s narrative.

99. What influence have slave narratives had on contemporary literature?

100. Why does Douglass need protection?

101. How does Thomas respond to Douglass’s request for protection?

102. How did Sandy Jenkins help Douglass?

103. How did slavery make Douglass feel that he wasn’t a man?

104. How did he regain his manhood?

105. How did he eventually gain his freedom? Desiree’s Baby

106. Discuss the prejudice in Desiree’s Baby. How is this, along with the ending, an example of Realism? Story of an Hour

107. Discuss the end of the story as it relates to the loss of hope. How is this an example of Realism? III. MLA Tell what changes need to be made in the following Works Cited pages, or say, “no change.”

108. Works Cited

"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense

Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Clinton, Bill. Interview by Andrew C. Revkin. “Clinton on Climate Change.” New

York Times. New York Times, May 2007. Web. 25 May 2009.

Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times.

New York Times, 22 May 2007. Web. 25 May 2009.

Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Rev. of An Inconvenient Truth, dir.

Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com. Sun-Times News Group, 2 June 2006. Web. 24 May

2009.

109. Works Cited

Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New

Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print.

Shulte, Bret. "Putting a Price on Pollution." Usnews.com. US News & World Rept., 6 May 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

---. "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: 1283-84.Science Online. Web. 24 May 2009.

GlobalWarming.org. Cooler Heads Coalition, 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Co-evolutionary Economics of Sustainability." International

Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 14.1 (2007): 27-36. Print.

Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. New York: Springer, 2005. Print.

Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review 96.2

(2006): 31-34. Print.

An Inconvenient Truth. Dir. Davis Guggenheim. Perf. Al Gore, Billy West. Paramount, 2006. DVD.

110. Works Cited

"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May 2007.

Web. 24 May 2009.

Clinton, Bill. Interview by Andrew C. Revkin. “Clinton on Climate Change.” New York Times. New York Times, May 2007.

Web. 25 May 2009.

Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New York Times, 22 May 2007. Web. 25 May

2009.

Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Rev. of An Inconvenient Truth, dir. Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com. Sun-Times

News Group, 2 June 2006. Web. 24 May 2009.

GlobalWarming.org. Cooler Heads Coalition, 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Co-evolutionary Economics of Sustainability." International

Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 14.1 (2007): 27-36. Print.

An Inconvenient Truth. Dir. Davis Guggenheim. Perf. Al Gore, Billy West. Paramount, 2006. DVD.

Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. New York: Springer, 2005. Print.

Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New

Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print.

Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review 96.2

(2006): 31-34. Print.

111. Works Cited

"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May 2007.

Web. 24 May 2009.

Clinton, Bill. Interview by Andrew C. Revkin. “Clinton on Climate Change.” New York Times. New York Times, May 2007.

Web. 25 May 2009.

Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New York Times, 22 May 2007. Web. 25 May

2009.

Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Rev. of An Inconvenient Truth, dir. Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com. Sun-Times

News Group, 2 June 2006. Web. 24 May 2009.

GlobalWarming.org. Cooler Heads Coalition, 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Gowdy, John. "Avoiding Self-organized Extinction: Toward a Co-evolutionary Economics of Sustainability." International

Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 14.1 (2007): 27-36. Print.

An Inconvenient Truth. Dir. Davis Guggenheim. Perf. Al Gore, Billy West. Paramount, 2006. DVD.

Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. New York: Springer, 2005. Print.

Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New

Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print.

Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review 96.2

(2006): 31-34. Print.

---. "Global Warming Economics." Science 9 Nov. 2001: 1283-84.Science Online. Web. 24 May 2009.

Shulte, Bret. "Putting a Price on Pollution." Usnews.com. US News & World Rept., 6 May 2007. Web. 24 May 2009.

Uzawa, Hirofumi. Economic Theory and Global Warming. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2003. Print.

IV. Harlem Renaissance

108. The name of a movement lasting through the 1920s and early 1930s through which an abundance of music, art and literature centering around black culture was produced.

109. An American author, educator, lawyer, diplomat, songwriter, and civil rights activist. Best remembered for his leadership of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), where he started working in 1917. In 1920 he was the first black man to be chosen as executive secretary of the organization, effectively the operating officer.

110. Who painted this?

111. Female author who wrote Their Eyes Were Watching God.

112. Wrote “I, too. . . “ and “Dream Deferred”

113. Hair product store later turned into a salon and nightclub.

114. Area of beautiful Brownstones that were originally designed for white executives but where the most influential black figures of the Harlem Renaissance lived.

115. Nightclub run by a white mobster that featured dancing and music from great conductors like Duke Ellington.

116. Most famous for its Amateur Night, many of the most famous black entertainers got their start here.

117. Famous Harlem Renaissance poet from Alexandria, Louisiana. He went on to earn a master’s degree and to teach.

118. Entrepreneur who founded a line of beauty and hair products for black women and who passed her vast fortune on to her daughter.

119. Writer, philosopher and educator, he was the first African American Rhodes Scholar.

120. A term popularized during the Harlem Renaissance which depicted a new era for black culture where they no longer submitted to Jim Crow segregation and where their dignity and creative expression were celebrated.

Dream Deferred Langston Hughes

What happens to a dream deferred?

Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore-- And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over-- like a syrupy sweet?

Maybe it just sags like a heavy load.

Or does it explode?

121. Discuss the theme of the loss of hope in “Dream Deferred.” How is this unique to African-Americans during this time?

122. How is it universal?

123. What is the significance of the last line? I, Too Langston Hughes

   I, too, sing America. I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes,

But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong. Tomorrow, I’ll be at the table When company comes. Nobody’ll dare Say to me, “Eat in the kitchen," Then. Besides, They’ll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed— I, too, am America.

124. Discuss the role of the African-American in “I, too”

125. Why does he “sing” America?

126. Why will they be ashamed?

127. What’s the difference between the first and last line of the poem?

V. Business Letter Format

. 128. What is missing from the letter?

129. On which line should the sender’s address be?

130. What is wrong with line 8?

131. How should the salutation be changed?

132. What’s wrong with the opening sentence?

133. What gender issues are there in the letter? Use line numbers)

134. What part of the letter is not polite? (line number)

135. What is wrong with the closing?

136. What is the purpose of the letter?

137. What’s wrong with the lamp?

VI. Figurative Language

138. Give an example of masculine rhyme

Lost Carl Sandburg

Desolate and lone All night long on the lake Where fog trails and mist creeps, The whistle of a boat Calls and cries unendingly, Like some lost child In tears and trouble Hunting the harbor's breast And the harbor's eyes.

139. Give an example of personification from this poem.

140. Give an example of a simile.

Fire and Ice Robert Frost Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what I've tasted of desire I hold with those who favor fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice Is also great And would suffice.

141. Give examples of assonance from this poem.

142. Discuss its significance in this poem.

Death be not Proud John Donne Death be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadfull, for, thou art not soe, For, those, whom thou think'st, thou dost overthrow, Die not, poore death, nor yet canst thou kill mee. From rest and sleepe, which but thy pictures bee, Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee doe goe, Rest of their bones, and soules deliverie. Thou art slave to Fate, Chance, kings, and desperate men, And dost with poyson, warre, and sicknesse dwell, And poppie, or charmes can make us sleepe as well, And better then thy stroake; why swell'st thou then? One short sleepe past, wee wake eternally, And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die.

143. Give an example of apostrophe from this poem. Dear Mrs. McKinney of the Sixth Grade David Kheridan Hands down, you were my favorite teacher at Garfield Elementary, or at any school since: your stern, austere face, that held an objective judgment of everything in charge; the patient way you taught, out of a deep belief and respect for learning, and the good books you chose to read aloud – in particular, Mark Twain; and the punishment you handed out (a twin cheek twist, just once, with forefingers and thumbs) embarrassed us only because we had failed ourselves, for we had wisely learned from you the need for discipline and regard. Long after I left that place I saw you once waiting for a bus, and though I returned your warm smile, I hurried on. Why didn’t I stop, as I could

see you wanted me to? I deeply regretted it for weeks, and there are moments when I remember it still. And nothing, not poem, not time, not anything for which I might stand proud, can erase that seeming failure of feelings and regard on my part. I loved you, I really did, and I wish now that in stopping and chatting with you for a moment I could have shown it to you then, instead of now, in this poem, in which only time and loss, not you and I, are the subject to be held.

144. What is the author of this poem’s great regret?

145. What literary device is being used in this line? “My Mistresses eyes are nothing like the sun” VII. The Great Gatsby

146. Discuss the idea of new money in the novel. How is it viewed by the narrator? How does this perception affect the plot and final outcome of the story?

147. Discuss Tom and Daisy’s relationship. Do they love each other? Explain your answer.

148. What role does memory and the past play in the novel? What does Nick want us to understand about the past?

149. Discuss the symbolism of the green light. Why is it something that is never reached?

150. Discuss the difference in Daisy and Myrtle. Which one is viewed more favorably by the narrator? Why? VIII. To Kill a Mockingbird

151. Discuss the different types of prejudice in the novel.

152. Discuss the use of the “n” word. Who uses it, and what does Lee want us to understand about people who do?

153. Discuss Atticus Finch as the ideal father. What traits does he possess that make him a great man?

154. Discuss the loss of innocence in the novel.

155. Discuss the theme of walking in another man’s shoes. Through what characters is that lesson learned? How?

156. Discuss the role of Nathan Radley in the novel. Why is he included? What does he represent?

157. How does the novel end? Why is this a happy ending? IX. The Great Depression and Cinderella Man

158. Discuss the effects of the Great Depression on Jim Braddock and his family. How did his character save his family?