Slide 1

English II Text Structures IIB Slide 2 Authors Purpose: a writers reason for writing. The author ALWAYS has a reason for writing. Examples of Authors Purpose To entertain To inform To persuade To explain To instruct To inspire To complain To encourage Slide 3 Text Structure: the way information is presented or organized. Description Comparing or contrasting Chronological order Cause and effect Process Problem and solution Each text structure helps an author to achieve his or her purpose for writing. Examples of Text Structures Slide 4 Description: Using details or imagery to present information. Purple book pages 88-90. Sometimes the author may use a description to emphasize something. This means he/she maybe be trying to stress or call attention to something in the passage. Slide 5 Compare (Similarities) and Contrast (Differences): To show how things are alike or different. However On the other hand As opposed But Different Although Yet In the same way Like Similarly Clues Purple book pages 92-93. Slide 6 Sequential Order or Chronological Order : giving events in the order that they occurred in time. Used for narrating a story or writing a biography. Clues would be words like first, then, next, after, before, and last. Dates may also be used. Purpose is usually to build on events as they occurred, which in some cases also builds suspense. Slide 7 Process or Procedural Order : giving the steps of a process in the order they should be performed. Similar to sequential order but instead of giving events in the order that they occurred, a writer explains the steps of a process in the order they should be performed. Slide 8 Either from most important to least important or from least important to most important. Often seen in persuasive writing. Order of Importance: organizing details, reasons, etc. in the order of their importance. Slide 9 Spatial Order : organizing the description of items according to their position or closeness to each other. Could be used to describe a room that acts as a setting in a narrative. Purple book pages 97-98. Slide 10 Cause & Effect: a relationship that explains how one thing makes something else happen. Can be stated or implied. The cause answers the question Why did this happen? because (the) cause is Due to First For Since Keywords for causes Slide 11 The effect answers the question What happened as a result? Cause & Effect: (continued) Keywords for effects As a result Consequently Resulted in (the) result is Therefore Thus Slide 12 Problem & Solution: Giving a conflict or issue (the problem) and its answer (the solution). The problem can be a conflict or some other kind of issue. The solution can be an answer or a resolution to the problem. Purple book page 101. Slide 13 Reading 2 passages: Sometimes an author may choose one type of organization over another for a specific purpose. And sometimes the 2 passages are not related. Slide 14 Purple book page 103-105. Reading 2 passages: (tip) Read the first passage. Identify the text structure. Look at your answer choices and cross off any choices that do not match the passage. Then read the second passage and identify its text structure. Look at your remaining answer choices. The correct answer SHOULD be obvious. Slide 15 Possible test questions How does the organizational structure of this paragraph support the authors purpose? How does the organizational structure of this paragraph relate to the authors purpose? How does the organizational structure of this passage help convey the authors purpose? How does the descriptive information in lines 1-42 support the authors purpose in the passage? Slide 16 Possible test questions (continued) Which statement below accurately evaluates the organizational structures of the excerpts? How do the organizational structures of the excerpts support the authors purpose? In comparing the two paragraphs above, how does structure support the meaning of the texts? Slide 17 Terms Vulnerable Reveals Visualize Justifies Persuasive tone Appreciate Chronology Classify Objective Sincere Emphasize Demonstrate facets Regarding Commonalities Conveys Intimidate Isolation Illuminate Highlights Consequences Clarifies Slide 18 Mississippi SATP English II Revised: Multiple Choice Student Review Guide for Vocabulary/Reading