English grammar NounPhrase
Transcript of English grammar NounPhrase
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ENGLISH NOUN
PHRASE
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DEFINITION
CLASSIFICATION
COMPONENTS
FUNCTIONS4
1
2
3
ENGLISH NOUN PHRASE
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A phrase whose head is a noun or a pronoun, optionallyaccompanied by a set of modifiers.
wikipedia.com
A single noun or pronoun or a group of words containing anoun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or
pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.
usingenglish.co
m
A word or group of words that functions syntactically as
a noun, e.g. as the subject, object, or topic, in a clause or sentence.
Encarta®
Dictionary
A word or group of words in a sentence that behaves in
the the same way as a noun, that is as a subject, an object, a
complement, or as the object of a preposition
Oxford
Dictionary
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PROPER NPs COMMON NPs
DICTIONARY NON-DICTIONARY
COMPLEXSIMPLE
Eg: Tom Smith, WTO, etc. Eg: a nice gift, education systems, etc.
ENGLISH NOUN PHRASE Eg: local movie theatre
Eg: computer game, school age,etc.
Eg: small car
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Components of noun
phrase
Head
Modifiers
Stress in simple word
1
2
3
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Head
• The word that determines
the syntactic type of the
phrase of which it is a
member, or analogouslythe stem that determines
the semantic category of
a compound of which it is
a component. The other elements modify the
head.
Head of NP
• The noun or pronoun
around which the other
parts gather together. The
head determines concord with the part of the
sentence outside the
noun phrase.
Head of NP
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• Head placement: – Songbird, A red car head final
– Birdsong, A student of English head initial
• Determine the agreement with other parts of
sentence :
– The change in the Asian economies is unprecedented.
– The changes in Japan's economy are most
unexpected
Examples of NP’s head
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Modifiers
• Definition :Optional
components of nounphrases giving additional
information about thenoun.
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Modifiers
Pre-modifiers
Post-modifiers
BY
Modifiers’
Placement
in NP
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Pre-modifiersDefinition: All the words place before the head. These
words are usually :• determiners
• adjectives
• nouns.
:E.g.:• That sophisticated city woman
(determiner), "sophisticated" (adjective), "city" (noun);woman (head))
• Many honest down and out small-town businessmen
("Many" (determiner), "honest" (adjective), "down and out"(adjective phrase), "small-town" (noun); businessmen (head)
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Determiners
articles
demonstratives
numeralspossessives
quantifier s
the,
a
this,
that
two,
five, etc.)
my ,their ,
etc
some,many , etc
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Adjective ,noun
Adj:
A single adjective
E.g.: red hair, brown eyes.
≥ 2 adjectives :
red rounded eyesNoun: Science student, mother tongue
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Post-modificationDefinition : words in the noun phrase that follow
the head, usually consist of :• Complement :
- prepositional phrases
- nonfinite clauses• (non)-restrictive relative clauses.
E.g:• The man in the reading room... (prepositional phrase)
• All the boys skating on the street... (non-finite clause)
• The car that I bought my wife... (restrictive relative clause)
• The house, which my partner and I bought a month after wemet , ... (non-restrictive relative clause)
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Complements• Prepositional phrase
E.g:The student of physics,
• That-clause E.g:The claim that the earth is round
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Function
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1. Subject
• The fat cat
sat on the
mat
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2. Subject Complement
• Her mother
will become
the school librarian.
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3. Direct Object
• Your
boyfriend just
kissed the girl
in the blue
dress.
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4. Object complement
We
elected
you teamleader .
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5. Indirect Object
• The groom
bought a
wedding
present for
his new bride.
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Prepositional Complement
• During his vacation, the
man decided to move to
the Tropics.
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7. Noun Phrase Modifier
• The
bedroom
walls are all
oak panels.
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8. Possessive Modifier
• Why did
your
mother-in-
law's catrun away?
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9. Appositive
• John Smith,
the colonial
captain,
founded
Jamestown in1607.
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10. Adverbial
I go to the
churchevery
Sunday morning.