English ColoniesEnglish Colonies

New England, Middle, and New England, Middle, and SouthernSouthern

The French in North AmericaThe French in North AmericaVerrazanoVerrazano– Explored East CoastExplored East Coast

– Looking for the Northwest Looking for the Northwest PassagePassage

– New FranceNew France

Jacques CartierJacques Cartier– St. Charles RiverSt. Charles River

De ChamplainDe Champlain– Quebec (1608), first French colonyQuebec (1608), first French colony

Joliet and MarquetteJoliet and Marquette– Sailed down Mississippi thinking it Sailed down Mississippi thinking it

was the Northwest Passagewas the Northwest Passage

Fur TradeFur TradeFur becomes a popular Fur becomes a popular style in Francestyle in France

Fur caught by natives and Fur caught by natives and traded with Frenchtraded with French

New France develops New France develops along St. Lawrence River along St. Lawrence River and Great Lakesand Great Lakes

IroquoisIroquois

Fur trade linked native and Fur trade linked native and Atlantic worldAtlantic world

Natives learn Christian Natives learn Christian ReligionReligion

Warfare over hunting territoryWarfare over hunting territory

Iroquois League pushed other Iroquois League pushed other natives out of area and natives out of area and controlled the fur tradecontrolled the fur trade

Plymouth ColonyPlymouth ColonyMany English are upset with Anglican Many English are upset with Anglican ChurchChurchPuritans – wanted a “purer” Anglican Puritans – wanted a “purer” Anglican Church that was not as much Church that was not as much CatholicCatholicSeparatists – Puritans who began to Separatists – Puritans who began to create separate churchescreate separate churchesBoth groups persecuted over their Both groups persecuted over their beliefsbeliefs

MayflowerMayflower100 Pilgrims sail in 1620 100 Pilgrims sail in 1620 to make a New Colonyto make a New Colony

Ship went off course and Ship went off course and ended up in Cape Codended up in Cape Cod

Mayflower Compact – Mayflower Compact – system of government system of government that ensured colonists that ensured colonists would stay togetherwould stay together– Created a civil government Created a civil government

that would govern over that would govern over Pilgrim and non-PilgrimPilgrim and non-Pilgrim

Early TroublesEarly TroublesHalf died in first Half died in first winterwinter

Squanto and Squanto and Massasoit helped Massasoit helped them throughthem through

First “Thanksgiving” First “Thanksgiving” in the Fall of 1621in the Fall of 1621

Massachusetts Bay ColonyMassachusetts Bay Colony John Winthrop organized John Winthrop organized

joint-stock company for joint-stock company for PuritansPuritans

Had authority of an Had authority of an independent governmentindependent government

Boston – the “city upon Boston – the “city upon the hill”the hill”

Great Migration – Great Migration – thousands of immigrants thousands of immigrants come overcome over– Connecticut, New Connecticut, New

Hampshire, and Maine Hampshire, and Maine formed as population formed as population increasesincreases

Puritan LifePuritan Life Puritan men had Puritan men had

right to voteright to vote Church and state Church and state

closely connectedclosely connected Family life was high Family life was high

prioritypriority Salem Witch TrialsSalem Witch Trials

Separatist ColoniesSeparatist Colonies((Rhode IslandRhode Island))

Roger Williams banished Roger Williams banished from Massachusettsfrom Massachusetts Felt land should be bought Felt land should be bought

from natives, not given out from natives, not given out by chartersby charters

Did not want government Did not want government involved in religious affairsinvolved in religious affairs

Rhode IslandRhode Island Williams set up ProvidenceWilliams set up Providence Religious tolerance to allReligious tolerance to all

New Haven (Connecticut)New Haven (Connecticut) Exeter (New Hampshire)Exeter (New Hampshire)

Anne HutchinsonAnne Hutchinson Joined Puritans in Joined Puritans in

MassachusettsMassachusetts Refused to accept Puritan law Refused to accept Puritan law

over her own feelings about Godover her own feelings about God Taught in her homeTaught in her home Banished from Massachusetts in Banished from Massachusetts in

16381638 Went to Rhode IslandWent to Rhode Island Moved to Long Island in 1643Moved to Long Island in 1643

Her and her children killed in a war Her and her children killed in a war between natives and Europeansbetween natives and Europeans

War with NativesWar with Natives Pequot WarPequot War

– Pequot of Connecticut Pequot of Connecticut strike against the strike against the Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637Colony in 1637

– Puritans burned down a Puritans burned down a Pequot fort that had 500 Pequot fort that had 500 natives insidenatives inside

– Puritans kill most of the Puritans kill most of the Pequot populationPequot population

War with NativesWar with Natives Pequot WarPequot War

– Pequot of Connecticut Pequot of Connecticut strike against the strike against the Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637Colony in 1637

– Puritans burned down a Puritans burned down a Pequot fort that had 500 Pequot fort that had 500 natives insidenatives inside

– Puritans kill most of the Puritans kill most of the Pequot populationPequot population

War with NativesWar with Natives Pequot WarPequot War

– Pequot of Connecticut Pequot of Connecticut strike against the strike against the Massachusetts Bay Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637Colony in 1637

– Puritans burned down a Puritans burned down a Pequot fort that had 500 Pequot fort that had 500 natives insidenatives inside

– Puritans kill most of the Puritans kill most of the Pequot populationPequot population

War With NativesWar With Natives King Philip’s WarKing Philip’s War

– Metacom (King Philip)Metacom (King Philip) Leader of Algonquin people Leader of Algonquin people

and son of Massasoitand son of Massasoit

– Gathered tribes from Gathered tribes from Rhode Island to MaineRhode Island to Maine Destroyed 17 English towns, Destroyed 17 English towns,

attacked 52 others, and attacked 52 others, and killed @ 2,000 settlerskilled @ 2,000 settlers

– English Fight BackEnglish Fight Back 4,000 native casualties4,000 native casualties Metacom killedMetacom killed

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

Proprietary ColoniesProprietary Colonies– Full governing rights given by a queen Full governing rights given by a queen

or kingor king New YorkNew York New JerseyNew Jersey DelawareDelaware PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

The Dutch Settle The Dutch Settle New YorkNew York Settle New NetherlandSettle New Netherland

– Trading station at New Trading station at New Amsterdam at the Amsterdam at the mouth of the Hudson mouth of the Hudson RiverRiver Dutch, Swedes, French, Dutch, Swedes, French,

German, and English German, and English traderstraders

– Built homes on the Built homes on the island of Manhattanisland of Manhattan

English take overEnglish take over– Charles II claimed land Charles II claimed land

belonged to the Duke of belonged to the Duke of YorkYork

– Renamed New YorkRenamed New York– New Jersey given to New Jersey given to

Duke of York’s friendsDuke of York’s friends

William PennWilliam Penn Given land grants by Given land grants by

Charles IICharles II DelawareDelaware

– Originally Swede, the Originally Swede, the Dutch, then EnglishDutch, then English

Pennsylvania (“Penn’s Pennsylvania (“Penn’s woods”)woods”)– ““Holy Experiment”Holy Experiment”– Quakers – all people Quakers – all people

treated as equalstreated as equals– German Lutherans, German Lutherans,

Scotch-Irish Scotch-Irish Presbyterians, and Presbyterians, and Swiss MennonitesSwiss Mennonites

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies MarylandMaryland

Lord Baltimore established as haven for Lord Baltimore established as haven for English Catholics (1634)English Catholics (1634)

Puritans outnumbered CatholicsPuritans outnumbered Catholics Lord Baltimore wrote a law protecting Lord Baltimore wrote a law protecting

religious tolerancereligious tolerance Maryland Toleration ActMaryland Toleration Act

Grew Tobacco, brought population of slavesGrew Tobacco, brought population of slaves The CarolinasThe Carolinas

Split in 1691Split in 1691 Tobacco and trade with nativesTobacco and trade with natives

GeorgiaGeorgia Trustees – someone put in Trustees – someone put in

charge by the owners to charge by the owners to run the colonyrun the colony James OglethorpeJames Oglethorpe

ReasonsReasons Haven for jailersHaven for jailers Buffer against SpanishBuffer against Spanish

Originally restricted slavery Originally restricted slavery and liquorand liquor Colonists forced changesColonists forced changes Slavery and liquor allowedSlavery and liquor allowed

Became a Royal Colony in Became a Royal Colony in 17521752