England WARS OF THE ROSES LEAD TO TUDORS TAKING THRONE OF ENGLAND RICHARD III & HENRY VII 2...
-
Upload
philippa-simmons -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
2
Transcript of England WARS OF THE ROSES LEAD TO TUDORS TAKING THRONE OF ENGLAND RICHARD III & HENRY VII 2...
England
WARS OF THE ROSES LEAD TO TUDORS TAKING THRONE OF ENGLAND
RICHARD III & HENRY VII2 PRINCES OF THE TOWER
BOSWORTH FIELD HOUSES OF YORK AND
LANCASTER
Tudor Family
Henry VIII ENGLISH REFORMATION Divorce and the break with the church 6 WIVES**SEE OTHER PP** THOMAS CRAMNER, THOMAS CROMWELL
EDWARD VI Mary I-CATHOLIC Elizabeth I-PROTESTANT
Tudor FamilyHenry dies in 1547. Edward VI becomes King at the age of
9. ENGLAND RULED BY A REGENT: EDWARD
DUKE OF SOMMERSET EXTREMELY PROTESTANT(ANGLICAN) ENGLISH PRAYER BOOK OF 1449-1552
BIBLE IN THE VENACULAR HE IS SICKLY AND WILL NOT LAST LONG
Mary I
Edward dies in 1553.Mary becomes Queen. Mary’s Catholic and the English are Protestant???
Mary I Mary married Philip II of Spain. She restores Catholicism to England
Aided by Archbishop of Canterbury Pole Many protestants flee England
Marian Exiles Executes 300 protestants by burning them at
the stake, many thousands of others are hung.
John Foxe: Book of Martyrs: Thomas Cramner. Multiple false pregnancies, dies childless and
throne passed to Elizabeth I her half sister, protestant
Elizabeth IElizabeth I
Supremacy Bill of 1559: Supreme Governor
Restores Protestant faithElizabethan Settlement Prayer book of 155939 articles (Calvinism) Mary, Queen of Scots
Elizabeth IAllowed for ambiguity of worship
Elizabeth’s reign was a great cultural period for England
Elizabeth IPromoted the arts, playwrights, and theater.
William Shakespeare.
Elizabeth I Defeated Spanish Armada
1588Supported Privateers, such as
Francis Drake, known piratesDefeat of the Armada did not
defeat Spain as a power Rise of Puritans, purify the Church of
England Views Beliefs Salvation signs
PROBLEMS FOR THE TUDORS
Parliament (Legislative Assembly) Constant struggle for power
Religion: People that did not like the Church of England (Anglican) Puritans: “Purify” church of England
from Catholic influences Separatists: “separate” from the Church
of England altogether. Multiple sects: Armenians
Catholics: many still remained loyal to the faith
Stuart Family Elizabeth dies childless and
James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England.
James is the first Stuart Family ruler. Believed deeply in divine right of kings George Villiers (Lord of Buckingham) Bible Plantation Policy in Ireland Economics
James INot well liked by the
people or the Nobles because he is Scottish.
New translation of the Bible (King James Bible)
Spent entire reign arguing with Parliament.
Charles ISon of James IOpposite of James
Never made to be kingBelieved in absolutesArchbishop LaudParliament-Tonnage & PoundageWar with Scotland
Charles INeeds money from
parliament Refused money so he forced people to loan him
money after Parliament refused a tax increase
After 11yrs. Charles finally called Parliament together. Long parliament
Can they get rid of Charles I?Here is their big chance…..
Charles makes a BIG decision…..He decides that everyone should have the same prayer book.England is AnglicanScotland is Presbyterian
The Scots are furious, and revolt….this sets a series of events in motion…..
Parliament
Moved to limit the power of the King.
At first Charles went along but then tried to arrest the leaders of the movement against him.
English Revolution
This causes war to break out.
Cavaliers (loyalist) supported the king.
WarRoundheads led by Oliver Cromwell were backed by the Puritans.
Cromwell Wins
Cromwell wins and takes control.New Model Army
Charles I is tried for
treason and beheaded.
BEHEADING OF CHARLES I AT WHITEHALL
Cromwell Cromwell is given the title of Lord
Protector.Barebones ParliamentHead of StateInstrument of Government 1653-
1658Offered to be King
Suppressed all opposition.
CromwellEveryone was forced to follow Puritan ways.
No theater, dance, etc…)
Cromwell dies.
Cromwell DiesAfter Cromwell dies, his son is unable to rule effective.
English nobles invite Charles II to return to be King.
Restoration Period
This period is known as the RESTORATION because the king was restored to the throne.
Charles II Charles II was known as the
“Merry Monarch” because he loved to party.
17 illegitimate children Unsuccessful due to parliament Very attached to Catholic views Allowed for rise of sciences, Boyle,
Newton, etc.. Dies and brother takes over
James IICharles II younger brother (Catholic).
England was a protestant nation.
James IIEngland agreed to allow him to be king if his heirs were raised protestant.
He had 2 daughters Anne & Mary.
James IIEverything was fine until James II’s new wife had a son.
He was the heir and would be catholic.
James IIEnglish people very upset.James has to flee the
country, but is caught trying to escape
They ask James’s daughter and husband to take the throne. (William and Mary).
Glorious Revolution Known as the Glorious
Revolution because a protestant was again ruling England.
William & Mary placed on the throne by the Parliament
Overall this period was one of unresolved changes