Engineering materials & structure property
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Engineering materials & Structure property
by:-1) Pratik surani(140070125030) 2) vikram shiyal(140070125029)Guided by:-Mr.amit trivedi
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Engineering materials
Basic engineering
materials
Advance engineering
materials
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Basic engineering materials
• Metals & Alloys• Cerimic• Polymers
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• Good thermal and electrical conductivity
• Relatively high melting point• Shining when polished• Ductility• Hardness• Weldability• Strength• Castability• toughness
1) Metals & Alloys
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Metals
Ferrous metals• Containing iron as their
primary elements• E.g. pig iron , wrought iron,
steels etc.
Non ferrous metals• Not containing iron as
primary elements• E.g. copper, aluminum,
tin ,gold,etc.
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Engineering Materials
Metals
Ferrous
Iron
Steel
Pig iron
Cast iron
Wrought iron
Non-Ferrous
Copper & Alloys
Aluminium
Zinc
Tin
Lead
Non-Metals
Rubber
Plastics
Resin
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Applications of metals & alloys
• Majority of components depending upon their applications like…..
• Wires or rope• Shaft• Engine and piston• Turbine blade • Shafts• Gear• Parts of machine And many more applications …………
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Ceramic
• Compounds of metallic or non metallic elements such as SiC,BaTiO3,siO2 ,etc.
• They are usually oxides,nitrides,carbides or silicates of various metals
• Rock & clay are natural ceramics• Inorganic, non metallic solids which used at
high temperatures
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Characteristics of ceramics
• Extremely hard• Brittle• Poor elasticity• Resistant to high temperature• Insulative to electric current• Chemically inert• Non-transparent• High Temperature Strength• Non-crystalline
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Ceramic
Example of ceramic• Sand• Brick• Glass• Cement• Concrete• Silicone Carbide• Tungsten Carbide• Abrasive
Application of Ceramic• As a cutting tool tip• Refractory Bricks In Lining of furnace• Ladders• Insulators of electric lines• Lining of cement mixtures
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Polymers
• These are carbon compounds.• They chemically consist of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen or other non-metalic elements bonded by strong covalent bonds
• Solid of long molecular chain• They can be natural, synthetic or
manufactured
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Characteristics of Polymers
• Light weight(low density)• Soft• Flammable• Flexible• Poor conductor of heat and electricity• Poor resistance to temperature• Low melting points• Good Mould ability• Degradable due to radiation
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Polymers
Example• Plastic(PVC,PUF,ABS,ETC.)• Rubber• Fuels• Oils• Paints• Textiles(cotton & nylon)• Adhesives• Wood• Urea
Application• Insulator in electric application• As fuels• Refrigerant in Refrigerators• Lubricant• Protection against corrosion• Providing good appearance to
products• Rubber gasket for
leakproofness• Tubes and tires
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Advance Engineering Materials
• Composites• Semiconductors• Bio-materials
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Composites• Definitions: A multiphase material artificially made to
obtain certain set of properties which will not be provided by individual constituent phase or material.
• Combination of more than one type of engineering materials.
• Produced by combining 2 or 3 basic engineering materials.• Show a combination of best properties of each
component material mix together.• Provide unlimited strength , stiffness and corrosion
resistance.
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Examples of compsite
• RCC (reinforced cement concreat)• Dispersion hardended alloys • Frp(fibre reinforced plastics)• Crp(carbon reinforced plastics)• Vinyle-coated steel (teflon)• Fiber glass
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Semiconductors
• Electric conductivity intermediate between those of conductors and insulators
• Electric property are highly dependent on presence of impurity atoms or holes
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Semiconductor
Examples• GAP• AlSb• InP• GaAs
Application • Photon cell• LED• Transistor• Diode• Amplifier
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Bio Materials
• Definition: Material which are used for structural application in the medical field are known as bio material
• These material should not produce any toxic effect in body tissues.
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Applications
• Use as component to be implement in human or animal body for replacement of damaged or diseased body part
• Orthopedic (bone repairing)• Dental arch wires• Micro-surgical instruments• Blood colt filter• Guide wires
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Structure-Property-Performance Relationship
ProcessingStructurePropertiesPerformance
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Structure-Property-Performance Relationship
• Properties of materials originate due to internal structure
• e-,p+,n0 these affect the property of materials• Property means behavior/Reaction of material against
external stimuli• Structure depends on how it is processed and
material’s performance will be a function on its properties
• Thus, the inter relationship among processing, structure, properties and performance is linear
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