Engineering Data Users Guide

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Engineering Data User Guide

Release 14.5ANSYS, Inc.

October 2012Southpointe

275 Technology DriveCanonsburg, PA 15317 ANSYS, Inc. iscertified to ISO

9001:[email protected]

http://www.ansys.com

(T ) 724-746-3304

(F) 724-514-9494


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Copyright and Trademark Information

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THIS ANSYS SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION INCLUDE TRADE SECRETS AND ARE CONFID-

ENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS OF ANSYS, INC., ITS SUBSIDIARIES, OR LICENSORS. The software products

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For U.S. Government users, except as specifically granted by the ANSYS, Inc. software license agreement, the use,

duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions stated in the ANSYS, Inc.

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Third-Party Software

See the legal information in the product help files for the complete Legal Notice for ANSYS proprietary software

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Published in the U.S.A.
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Table of Contents

Basics of Engineering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Overview .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

User Interface .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Menu Bar ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Toolbar ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Toolbox .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Engineering Data SourcesPane .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Outline Pane .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Properties Pane .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Table Pane .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Chart Pane .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Working with Data Sources .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Working with Data .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Perform Basic Tasks in Engineering Data .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Material Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Definitions .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Sample Libraries ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Default Material Assignment for Model Parts ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Supported Properties ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Electric ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Explicit Dynamics ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Harmonic ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Linear Buckling .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Magnetostatic ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Modal ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Random Vibration & Response Spectrum .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Static Structural & Modal (SAMCEF) ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Steady-State Thermal ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Thermal-Electric ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Static Structural & Transient Structural ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Rigid Dynamics ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Transient Thermal ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Suppression of Mutually Exclusive Properties ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Charting .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Validation .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Curve Fitting .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Perform Material Tasks in Engineering Data .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Material Property Support for the Mechanical Application .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Special Considerations .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Electromagnetic Material Properties ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Mutually Exclusive Properties ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Mechanical Material Curve Fitting .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

CAD Materials ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Appendix A: Material Library File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Index .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

iiRelease 14.5 - SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential informationof ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.


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Basics of Engineering Data

The following topics cover the basics of using Engineering Data:Overview

User Interface

Working with Data Sources

Working with Data

Perform Basic Tasks in Engineering Data

Overview

Engineering Data is a resource for material properties used in an analysis system. Engineering Data can

be used as a repository for company or department data, such as material data libraries. The Engineering

Data workspace is designed to allow you to create, save, and retrieve material models, as well as tocreate libraries of data that can be saved and used in subsequent projects and by other users.

Engineering Data can be shown as a component system or as a cell in any Mechanical analysis system.

As a standalone component system, the workspace accesses all material models and properties by default.

When viewed as a cell in a Mechanical analysis system, the workspace shows the material models and

properties pertinent to that system's physics.

To access Engineering Data:

1. Insert an Engineering Data component system or a Mechanical system into the Project Schematic.

2. Select Edit from the Engineering Data cell's context menu, or double-click the cell.

3. The Engineering Data workspace appears. From here, you can navigate through the data for your ana-

lysis system, access external data sources, create new data, and store data for future use.

If you share an Engineering Data cell with one or more other analysis systems, be aware that changes

in one system will change the data for all systems with which the data is shared.

Definitions

The Engineering Data documentation makes use of the following terminology:

DefinitionTermThe cell of a system in the Project Schematic, which contains engineering data. The

default name is Engineering Data.

Engineering

Data

Also see the definition topic for individual topics:

Material Definitions

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Modes of Operation

Data for an Analysis- You can create data or retrieve stored data which can then be assigned to the

model of the analysis system. You can also review, modify, and suppress the data used by an analysis

system.

Data Libraries- You can create, edit, and save a library made up of the data that you use most often.

This library can then be used in another project or analysis system.

The data contained in Engineering Data is automatically saved when the project is saved.

User Interface

The Engineering Data workspace is an integrated feature of Workbench and displays relevant items

based on the items you select (click) in the various panes.

Layout Reference

Presented below are two layout configurations for the Engineering Data view. The first configuration

is displayed by doing a right mouse click on the Engineering Data cell and selecting Editor you candouble click the Engineering Data cell. Click the Engineering Data Sources button ) to toggle back

and forth between the first and second configuration. You can further modify this configuration using

the Viewmenu.

Figure 1: Default Layout Configuration

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Figure 2: Engineering Data Sources Toggled On

DescriptionNameLegend

Operations for Engineering Data and Project.Menu Bar (p. 3)A

Operations for Engineering Data and Project.Toolbar (p. 4)B

Data items that can be included into Engineering Data.Toolbox (p. 4)C

Displays the available data sources and their location, edit state

and description.

Engineering Data Sources

Pane (p. 5)

D

Displays the outline of the contents of the selected data source

in the Engineering Data Sourcespane or the contents of Engin-

eering Data.

Outline Pane (p. 5)E

Displays the properties of the selected item in the Outlinepane.Properties Pane (p. 7)F

Shows the tabular data for the selected item in the Properties

pane.

Table Pane (p. 8)G

Shows the chart of the item selected in the Propertiespane.Chart Pane (p. 9)H

Menu Bar

The following items in the menu bar are provided by Engineering Data or affect Engineering Data:

3Release 14.5 - SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential informationof ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.

User Interface


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DescriptionSelection(s)Menu

Importsdata into the selected data

source. You must change a library

Import Engineering DataFile

data source to edit mode in order to

import it.

Exportsthe selected data source or

selected items to disk.

Export Engineering Data

Deletes the selected item.DeleteEdit

This ANSYS Workbench menu can be

used to adjust the panes you see

Various ChoicesView

while in the Engineering Data work-

space. See View Menuin the ANSYS

Workbench help.

This ANSYS Workbench menu can be

used to change the units you see

Various ChoicesUnits

while using Engineering Data. See

Units Menuin the ANSYS Workbench

help.This ANSYS Workbench menu can be

used to work with Extensionsor

Various ChoicesExtensions

view log files while in Engineering

Data. See Extensions Menuin the

ANSYS Workbench help.

This ANSYS Workbench menu

provides access to help information.

Various ChoicesHelp

Toolbar

The following item in the toolbar is provided by Engineering Data or affects Engineering Data:

DescriptionImage

Toggle to filter data based on the system(s) containing this Engineering Data. The

default is to filter this information (see Filtering (p. 11)).

Toolbox

Engineering Data will filter the Toolbox to those items which are applicable for the current selection.

For example, in the Layout Referencegraphic, the current selection is Structural Steel. The Toolbox

presents items in the following categories:

Material properties and models

Additional tabular data that can be added to a property or model

Curve fitting of data


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Engineering Data Sources Pane

The Engineering Data Sources pane provides the selection of a data source to be viewed in the

Outlinepane. This pane is used to manage data sources that you have available to you. It will always

show your (Libraries ) and Favorites ( ). You can perform the following actions in this pane:

Create a new library

Add an existing data source

Remove a data source from the list

Enable the editing of a data source

Save a data source

Edit Column

The edit column ( ) is used to mark a library for editing. When exiting edit mode, you will be

prompted to save the library.

Location Column

The location column shows a diskette button. Hold the mouse cursor over the diskette button to display

a tool tip that includes the path to the data source. If you are editing the data source, you may save to

the location ( ) (if the internal format is supported for export, see Exporting (p. 10)), or save as a dif-

ferent filename and/or location ( ). You may also load an existing library from file by clicking the file

open button (... ).

Outline Pane

The Outlinepane shows an outline of the contents of the selected data source. You can perform the

following actions in this pane:

Create a new material

Delete a material

Rename a material

Suppressa material

Add a description for a material

Add a material to the system from an external data source

Select a default material for the solid and or fluid parts of a model

Contents Column

The contents column shows the name of the items contained in the selected data source. The type and

status of the item is indicated by an icon to the left of the name.


User Interface


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Material

The status of the material is indicated as follows:

The data contained in this material is valid data (see the Validationand Filteringtopics).

Some data contained in this material requires attention (see the Validationand Filtering

topics).

Suppression Column

The suppression column ( ) shows the suppression status of the item and may also be used to switch

the status (see Suppression). This column is only displayed when the selected data source is Engineering

Data.

Add Columns

The add columns are used to add an item from an external data source to Engineering Data for the

system you are editing, and indicates if the item is included in Engineering Data. This column is only

displayed when the selected data source is other than Engineering Data. Click on the addition button

( ) to add the item to Engineering Data. When an item is included in Engineering Data it is indicated

by the presence of an icon ( ).

Default Column

The default column ( ) shows those items which will be included by default into Engineering Data

when it is created in a new system. This column is only displayed when the selected data source is Fa-

vorites.

Source Column

The source column shows the source of the data in that row and if it is linked to a file. Hold the mouse

cursor over the link icon to display a tool tip that includes the path to the linked source.

Linked Data

The status of the data contained in Engineering Data to the linked source is indicated as follows:

The data matches the data in the linked source.

The data doesn't match the data in the linked location. You may refresh from the linked

source using the context menu (right-click).The data could not be found in the linked source or the linked source is missing.

You have the option of viewing the linked source, refreshing from the linked source, or deleting the

link to the source by using the context menu (right-click).




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Description Column

The description column displays the description for the item contained in the data source. Hold the

mouse cursor over the description to display a tool tip with the complete description. If the column is

too small, you may still see the contents without resizing.

Properties Pane

The Propertiespane shows the properties for the item selected in the Outlinepane. You can perform

the following actions in this pane:

Add additional properties, tabular data, or curve fitting (from the Toolbox)

Delete a property

Modify constant data

Suppressa property

Parameterize a property

Property Column

The property column lists the properties for the item selected in the Outlinepane. Selecting a property

will change the contents of the Tablepane and Chartpane. The type and status of the item is indicated

by an icon to the left of the name.

Material Property

The status of the material property is indicated as follows:

The material property is described in a single property data (see the Material Definitions

topic).

Some data contained in this material property requires attention (see the Validationand

Filtering topics).

The material property is described in a collection of property data (see the Material

Definitionstopic).

Indicates that the collection of property data requires attention (see the Validationand

Filtering topics).

Value Column

The value column is used to change data for a property or indicates that the data for the property istabular ( ). If the item selected in the Outlinepane is not editable this column will be shown disabled.

Unit Column

The unit column displays the unit of the data shown in the value column . If the column is editable (see

Units Menu), changing the unit will convert the value into the selected unit (there is no net change in

the data, so the solution is still valid).


User Interface
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Suppression Column

The suppression column ( ) shows the suppression status of the item and may also be used to switch

the status (see Suppression (p. 11)).

Parameter Column

The parameter column ( ) shows the parameterization status of the item and may also be used to

switch the status (see Parameterize (p. 10)).

Table Pane

The Tablepane shows the tabular data for the item selected in the Propertiespane. If there are inde-

pendent variables (for example, Temperature) for the selected item and the item is constant, you may

change it to a table by entering a value into the independent variables data cell. If a row is shown with

an index of *, you may add additional rows of data. The data may be sorted by using the filter item in

the header of the column.

Tabular Data Filter

In Engineering Data, if a material property has more than one independent variable, one of those variables

will be chosen by Engineering Data to be a primary independent variable. All independent variables

excluding the primary independent variable are shown in the left pane and are used as a filter. The row

chosen in the left pane will filter the content in the right pane. This is shown in the figure below, the

filter is shown in the left panel, while the filtered contents are shown in the right panel.

The data is separated in this way to make it easier to visualize and modify but the data is maintained

in a single table by Engineering Data.




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Charts

Select row in left pane to display chart only for filtered data.

Select column header or independent variable name in left pane, e.g. Mean Stress (Pa) above, to display

chart for all data.

Chart Pane

The Chartpane shows the chart of the selected item in the Propertiespane.


A data source contains engineering data information. There are three types of data sources used in the

Engineering Data workspace: Engineering Data, Libraries, and Favorites. The Engineering Data data

source is the default view when accessing Engineering Data. The other data sources are viewed in the

Engineering Data Sources pane. The procedures for working with data sources are discussed in Perform

Basic Tasks in Engineering Data (p. 11).

Engineering DataEngineering Data is the source of the material information that is used for the analysis of the system it

is contained in. The information in an Engineering Data component system is used if shared to an

analysis system. Engineering Data allows you to view, edit, and add data for use in your analysis system.

Library

A library is the term used for a collection of engineering data. Engineering Data allows you to add a

library for viewing, editing, and adding additional data. To edit a library, select the check box to the

right of the library's title. You can add items from the library to Engineering Data for use in your analysis

system.

Favorites

The favorites ( ) data source is the location for those items that you use frequently and allows you to

mark items as defaults for a new analysis system. You can add items from other data sources to the

favorites using the context menu (right-click). You can add items from the favorites to Engineering Data

for use in your analysis system. Material defaults for newly created systems may be assigned in the

context menu (see Material Defaults).

Importing

You can import data into an existing data source (if it is editable) or import it as a library. The followingtypes of files are supported for import:

Engineering Data libraries exported from Workbench 9.0 to 11.0 SP1

Material(s) file following the MatML 3.1 schema

Material(s) file generated by AUTODYN

Import into Existing Source




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When you use the Import Engineering Datamenu item, the data contained in that source will be added

to the currently selected data source (if edit enabled).

Import as Data Source

When you use the "..." open file dialog in the Engineering Data Sourcespane, the selected data source

will be added to the list of data sources.

Exporting

You can export a complete data source or the selected items in a data source. The following format is

supported for export:

MatML 3.1 schema for Material(s)

Working with Data

Modifying

You can modify both constant and tabular data.

Constant Data

You modify constant data by changing the value and/or unit of that data in the Propertiespane. The

value and unit together constitute one integral piece of information, or datum. The value is modified

by selecting the cell in the Valuecolumn and typing in the new value. If available, modifying the unit

will convert the value to correspond to the new unit (see Units Menu). If the value entered is not in the

acceptable range it will be indicated in yellow and will cause the state of the Engineering Data cell to

change to Attention Required.

Tabular Data

If the data is in a tabular format it is indicated in the Valuecolumn ( ). This data is modified in the

Tablepane and each datum is a value and unit as one integral piece. The value is modified by selecting

the cell in the variable column you want to change. If the value entered is not in the acceptable range,

it will be indicated in yellow and will cause the state of the Engineering Data cell to change to Attention

Required (see Validation (p. 24)). The unit is shown in the header, and if available, modifying the unit

will modify each datum for that variable to have the same unit (see Units Menu).

Parameterize

Data can be parameterized to allow it to be used in parametric studies and design points (see Design

Points). To parameterize an item in the Propertiespane, choose the check box in the parameter column

( ). The parameter value can then be changed in the Parameters and Design Points workspace. Use

caution when parameterizing data that is dependent on other data to maintain valid data. The paramet-

erized data is always calculated from the original values, so also use caution when modifying data in

the parameter workspace to avoid computer precision problems.

Constant Data

When you parameterize constant data, the constant data can be changed by the Parameter Workspace

but the original datum is not modified. The original datum is restored when the parameterization is

removed.


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ProcedureTask

5. Select a file and choose Open.

Note

Only recognized data will be imported into the data source.

Import data as a data

source.

1. Access Engineering Data Sources.

2. Select the browse button (...) in the last row of the Engineering Data

Sourcespane.

3. Select a file and choose Open.

Note

Only recognized data will be imported.

Export a data source. 1. Access Engineering Data Sources.

2. Select a data source in the Engineering Data Sourcespane.

3. Choose File> Export Engineering Data....

4. In the Save Asdialog, select the folder, provide a filename, and choose

Save.

Export individual data. 1. Access Engineering Data Sources.

2. Select a data source in the Engineering Data Sourcespane.

3. Select one or more items in the Outlinepane.

4. Choose File> Export Engineering Data....

5. In the Save Asdialog, select the folder, provide a filename and choose

Save.

Note

Multiple items may be selected in the Outlinepane.

Combine data sources. 1. Perform the "Import Data as a data source" task for each of the data sources

you want to combine.

2. Perform the "Edit a data source" task to combine into an existing data source,

or perform the "Create a library" task to combine into a new library.

3. Select a data source.




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ProcedureTask

4. From the Outlinepane drag the item of interest into theEngineering Data

Sourcespane and drop the item on the data source you want to combine.

5. Complete the above operation for all items of interest.

6. Choose the Savebutton ( ) in the Outline Filterpane.


Perform Basic Tasks in Engineering Data


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Material Data

This section examines the function and use of material properties within Engineering Data.Definitions

Sample Libraries

Default Material Assignment for Model Parts

Supported Properties

Suppression of Mutually Exclusive Properties

Charting

Validation

Curve Fitting

Perform Material Tasks in Engineering Data

Material Property Support for the Mechanical Application

Mutually Exclusive Properties

Mechanical Material Curve Fitting

CAD Materials

Definitions

The documentation for Material Data makes use of the following terminology:

DefinitionTerm

This is the identifier for the singular information (for example, Density) that together with

other properties defines or models the behavior of the material. A property is always defined

Property

by at least one table (tabular data), which could be singular. Some properties can contain

a collection of tabular data (for example, Isotropic Elasticity).

This is the identifier for tabular data (for example, Young's Modulus).Property

data

Sample Libraries

Engineering Data provides sample material data categorized into several libraries. You must validate

that the data is consistent with the material you are using in your analysis. If you are viewing the library

in an analysis system, the contents of a material will be filtered to that system (see Filtering (p. 11)).

The samples are part of the installation and are located in the path ANSYS

Inc.\v145\Addins\EngineeringData\Language\\Samples.

The following libraries are included:

General Materials,

This is a library of general use materials and consists mostly of metals that can be used in various anal

General Nonlinear Materials,

This is a library of general use nonlinear materials for performing nonlinear analyses.



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Explicit Materials,

This is a library of materials containing data, specific for use in an explicit dynamics analysis.

Hyperelastic Materials,

This is a library of "materials" containing stress strain data which can be used to experiment with curve

fitting (see the Curve Fitting (p. 24) topic). The data doesn't correspond to any particular material.

Magnetic B-H Curves,

This is a library of materials containing B-H Curve data, specific for use in a magnetic analysis.

Thermal Materials,

This is a library of materials containing data, specific for use in a thermal analysis.

Default Material Assignment for Model Parts

Engineering Data is configured at installation with the default material assignments as Structural Steel

for solid parts and as Air for fluid parts. You can change these defaults or remove the default for an

individual analysis system or for each newly created analysis system. If the Engineering Data cell is

shared and the default is changed, the first Model cell Edit action uses the current default.

To change the default settings for each newly created analysis system, access Favorites, select the ma-terial you want to use as the default, and change the context menu selection for Default Solid Mater-

ialor Default Fluid/Field Material. You can also choose to not have a default material by selecting

the current default and removing the selection in the context menu. Including and setting that material

as the default for the Model (or not setting the default) will affect all subsequent systems created in

the project.

To change the default settings in an analysis system (before the Model cell is edited), in the Outline

pane, choose the material that you want to assign as the default to the model parts and change the

selection in the context menu for Default Solid Material for Modelor Default Fluid/Field Material

for Model. You can also choose to not have a default material assigned to the model parts by selecting

the current default and removing the selection in the context menu.

You can replace a default material assignment in the Model by deleting the default material and then

refreshing the Model, which will assign the active default material.


The supported material properties are defined by the analysis system(s) that contains or shares the

Engineering Data cell. If filtering is active (see Filtering (p. 11)), you will only see the supported material

properties. See the list of material properties supported by a given analysis system in the following

sections. The minimum material properties required for a given analysis are marked with an asterisk (*).

Select the link to read more information about a particular property. If temperature dependency is

supported, the material property will be marked with f(T).

Electric

Explicit Dynamics

Harmonic

Linear Buckling

Magnetostatic

Modal

Rigid Dynamics

Static Structural & Transient Structural


Material Data


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Static Structural & Modal (SAMCEF)

Steady-State Thermal

Thermal-Electric

Transient Thermal

Random Vibration & Response Spectrum

Electric

Properties

*Isotropic

Resistivity

Orthotropic

Resistivity

Explicit Dynamics

Properties

Density

Isotropic ElasticityOrthotropic Elasticity

Viscoelastic

Bilinear Isotropic Hardening

Multilinear Isotropic Hardening

Bilinear Kinematic Hardening

Multilinear Kinematic Hardening

Johnson Cook Strength

Cowper Symonds Strength

Steinberg Guinan Strength

Zerilli Armstrong Strength

Neo-Hookean

Mooney-Rivlin (2, 3, 5, and 9 Parameter) f(T)

Polynomial (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order)

Yeoh (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order)

Ogden (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order)

Specific Heat

Drucker-Prager Strength Linear

Drucker-Prager Strength Stassi

Drucker-Prager Strength Piecewise

Johnson-Holmquist Strength Continuous

Johnson-Holmquist Strength Segmented

RHT Concrete Strength

MO GranularBulk Modulus

Shear Modulus

Polynomial EOS

Shock EOS Linear

Shock EOS Bilinear

Crushable Foam

Compaction EOS Linear

Compaction EOS Non-Linear

P-alpha EOS


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Properties

Plastic Strain Failure

Principal Stress Failure

Principal Strain Failure

Stochastic Failure

Tensile Pressure Failure

Crack Softening Failure

Johnson Cook FailureGrady Spall Failure

Specific Heat

Explosive JWL

Explosive JWL Miller

Ideal Gas EOS

See Appendix Ffor a description of the above properties.

Orthotropic Stress Limits

Orthotropic Strain Limits

Tsai-Wu Constants

Tsai-Wu Constants must be used in conjunction with Orthotropic Stress Limit. Tsai-Wu Constants

used in conjunction with Orthotropic Strain Limit are not supported.

Harmonic

Properties

*Density f(T)

Damping Factor ()

Damping Factor ()

Constant Damping Coefficient

*Isotropic Elasticity f(T)Orthotropic Elasticity f(T)

See Linear Material Properties in the Material Reference for a description of the above properties.

Anisotropic Elasticity

Hyperelastic Material Modelsare supported for pre-stress modal based analysis but not for pure

modal based analysis.

Linear Buckling

Properties

*Density f(T)

*Isotropic Elasticity f(T)

Orthotropic Elasticity f(T)





Material Data
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Properties


Tsai-Wu Constants

Puck Constants

LaRc03/04 Constants

Superelasticity

Shape Memory Alloy

The above shape memory alloy material model properties are supported only for pre-stress

analysis.

Gasket Material Model is supported for pre-stress analysis.

Magnetostatic

Properties

*Relative Permeability

Coercive Force & Residual Induction

B-H CurveDemagnetization B-H Curve

Relative Permeability (Orthotropic)

*Isotropic Resistivity

Orthotropic Resistivity

See Electromagnetic Material Properties (p. 29)for a description of the above

properties.

Modal

Properties

*Density f(T )

Damping Factor ()

Damping Factor ()


Coefficient of Thermal Expansion f(T)





Bilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)Bilinear Kinematic Hardening f(T)

Multilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)

Multilinear Kinematic Hardening f(T)

Chaboche Kinematic Hardening f(T)

Anand Viscoplasticity



Tsai-Wu Constants


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Properties

Puck Constants

LaRc03/04 Constants

Superelasticity

Shape Memory Alloy

The above shape memory alloy material model properties are supported for pre-stress modal analysis

but not for pure modal analysis.

Gasket Material Model is supported for pre-stress modal analysis but not for pure modal analysis.

Hyperelastic Material Modelsare supported for pre-stress modal analysis but not for pure modal

analysis.

Random Vibration & Response Spectrum

Properties

*Density f(T)

Damping Factor ()Damping Factor ()







Bilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)

Bilinear Kinematic Hardening f(T)

Multilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)Multilinear Kinematic Hardening f(T)





Tsai-Wu Constants

Puck Constants

LaRc03/04 Constants

Superelasticity

Shape Memory Alloy

The above shape memory alloy material model properties are supported for pre-stress modal based

analysis but not for pure modal based analysis.

Gasket Material Model is supported for pre-stress modal based analysis but not for pure modal based

analysis.

Hyperelastic Material Modelsare supported for pre-stress modal based analysis but not for pure

modal based analysis.


Material Data
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Static Structural & Modal (SAMCEF)

Properties

Density f(T)

Isotropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Expansion f(T)

Orthoropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Expansion f(T)


Orthotropic Elasticity f(T)Bilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)




Chaboche Kinematic Hardening

Nonlinear Elastic Model with Damage

Plakin Special Hardening Law

Refer to the SAMCEF documentation for a description of the above

properties.

Steady-State Thermal

Properties

*Isotropic Thermal Conductivity f( T)

Orthotropic Thermal Conductivity f( T)

See Linear Material Properties in the Material Reference for a description of the above

properties.

Thermal-Electric

Properties

*Isotropic Thermal Conductivity f(T )

Orthotropic Thermal

Conductivity f(T)

*Isotropic Resistivity


Seebeck Coefficient

Orthotropic Seebeck Coefficient


properties.

Static Structural & Transient Structural

Properties

*Density f(T )

Damping Factor () (Transient Structural only)

Damping Factor () (Transient Structural only)

Constant Damping Coefficient (Transient Structural only)



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Properties




properties.

Anisotropic ElasticityMooney-Rivlin (2, 3, 5, and 9 Parameter) f(T)

Neo-Hookean f(T)

Polynomial (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order) f(T)

Yeoh (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order) f(T)

Ogden (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order) f(T)

Arruda-Boyce f(T)

Gent f(T)

Blatz-Ko f(T)

Response Function

Ogden Foam (1st, 2nd, and 3rd Order) f(T)

Extended Tube f(T)

Mullins Effect f(T)Bilinear Isotropic Hardening f(T)






Alternating Stress Mean Stress

Alternating Stress R-Ratio

Strain-Life Parameters

Prony Shear Relaxation

Prony Volumetric Relaxation

Williams-Landel-Ferry Shift Function

Tool-Narayanaswamy Shift Function

Tool-Narayanaswamy with Fictive Temperature Shift Function

See Fatigue Material Propertiesfor a description of the above properties.

Tensile Yield Strength

Compressive Yield Strength

Tensile Ultimate Strength

Compressive Ultimate Strength

See Stress Toolsfor a description of the above properties.

Gasket Model

Strain Hardening

Time Hardening

Generalized Exponential

Generalized Graham

Generalized Blackburn

Modified Time Hardening

Modified Strain Hardening


Material Data
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Properties

Generalized Garofalo

Exponential form

Norton

Combined Time Hardening

Rational polynomial

Generalized Time Hardening

See Implicit Creep Equationsfor a description of the above properties.



Tsai-Wu Constants

Puck Constants

LaRc03/04 Constants

Superelasticity

Shape Memory Alloy

Damage Initiation Criteria

Damage Evolution Law

Rigid Dynamics

Proper-

ties

*Density

Transient Thermal

Properties

*Density f(T )

*Isotropic Thermal Conductivity f( T)

Orthotropic Thermal Conductivity f( T)

*Specific Heat f(T)

Enthalpy f(T)


properties.


Some properties are mutually exclusive of each other and require that only one property in the mutuallyexclusive set be unsuppressed. The addition or removing of the suppression for one of these properties

automatically suppresses the other mutually exclusive properties.

For example, defining Bilinear Isotropic Hardening and Multilinear Isotropic Hardening for the same

material represents redundant plasticity behavior. Only one behavior can be active for the material.

When such a conflict occurs, the property defined last is used and the previously defined, conflicting

property is automatically suppressed.


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Charting

The axis range can be modified on a chart by choosing Edit Properties from the axis context menu

(see Setting Chart Properties). This range will be used when generating the x-y data for the chart so

that you can examine the data beyond the default range.

Validation

The user interface will indicate invalid data by showing a yellow background and changing the state

of the material to attention required. To find the reason for the data being invalid, choose Display

Validation Failure from the context menu of the invalid item.

Curve Fitting

When curve fitting is available for a selected item in Engineering Data a Curve Fittinggroup will be

accessible in the ANSYS Workbench Toolbox. A curve fitting module can then be added to the selected

item. The data that can be used for the curve fitting module will be shown, regardless of whether or

not the data is available. If the required data is not available it should be added from the Toolbox. The

data used for curve fitting can be suppressed (in some instances), in the curve fitting module, to prevent

its use in the curve fitting calculations. The curve fitting solution is done by choosing Solve Curve Fit

in the context menu for Curve Fitting, in the Properties pane. You can then visually compare the fitted

curve to the original data in the Chart pane. Once you are satisfied with the solution you can then

choose Copy Calculated Values to Property in the context menu.

Note

Curve Fitting is only active for the running session. If you exit the application you will have

to add the curve fitting module again. You should be sure to Copy Calculated Values to

Property to maintain the calculated information.

Note

If the active unit system for the project is changed, the current Curve Fittingmodules in

the project will be recreated using the new unit system. This will result in the seed values

being reset to their default values.

Note

Note: If the experimental data is parametrized, the current design point parameter value

will be used for the computations when choosing Solve Curve Fit, but will have no effect

for other design points when updating a project, because of the interactive nature of per-forming the fitting.

Curve fitting is specific to a given solver and so the following topics provide specific information:

Mechanical Material Curve Fitting (p. 33)

Perform Material Tasks in Engineering Data (p. 25)


Material Data
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Curve Fitting Icons

Module for performing curve fitting.

Indicates that this curve fitting module requires attention.

Perform Material Tasks in Engineering DataAll material related tasks require that you perform the following basic tasks:

Access Engineering Data

If desired to perform tasks on libraries or favorites select a data source in the Engineering Data Sources

pane. Mark the data source as editable if needed (see the Edit a data sourcebasic task).

ProcedureTask

Create New Material. 1. In the Outlinepane click in the cell marked as Click here to add a new

material.

2. Type in the name of the new material and press Enter.

Add Material Properties. 1. Select the material in the Outlinepane that is to receive the additional

property.

2. Double-click the property in the Toolbox that you want to add.

Delete Material Proper-

ties.

1. Select the material in the Outlinepane whose property is to be deleted.

2. Select the material property in the Propertiespane.

3. Right-click and choose Deleteor on the menu bar, choose Edit> Delete.

Modify Material Proper-

ties.

1. Select the material in the Outlinepane that contains the property you

want to modify.

2. In the Propertiespane change the value or unit for constant data.

3. Perform one of the following:

For constant data, change the value or unit in the Propertiespane.

For tabular data, change the value or unit(s) in the Tablepane.

Parameterize Material

Properties.


want to parameterize.

2. Select the check box in the parameter column for the property you want

to parameterize. For tabular data, use scale and/or offset (see Parameter-

ize (p. 10)).


Perform Material Tasks in Engineering Data


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ProcedureTask

Suppress Material Prop-

erties


want to suppress.

2. Select the check box in the suppression column for the property you want

to suppress.

Select Material Defaultfor the Model

1. Select the material in the Outlinepane that is to be used as the defaultfor the Model cell.

2. Right-click and choose Default Solid Material for Model or Default Fluid/Field

Material for Model.

Note: This default setting applies only to the Engineering Data cell in

which it is set (see Material Defaults).

Curve Fitting of Material

Models

1. Select a material model that supports curve fitting. The option for perform-

ing a curve fit is indicated by the "Curve Fitting" group in the Toolbox (see

Curve Fitting).

2. Modify options for the curve fitting calculations.

3. Suppress any experimental data to exclude from the curve fitting calcula-

tions.

4. Select the Curve Fitting item in the Properties pane and select Solve Curve

Fit in the context menu.

5. Review the accuracy of the fitted data to the experimental data.

6. Select the Curve Fitting item in the Properties pane and select Copy Calcu-

lated Values To Property.


You should choose your material properties based on how the material exhibits properties in orthogonal

directions (X, Y, and Z), either constant in all directions (isotropic behavior) or different in orthogonal

directions (orthotropic behavior). These orthogonal directions in a part, by default, align with the

global coordinate system. You may apply a local coordinate system to the part to change the directions.

For orthotropic properties, the X, Y, and Z value must be specified for the model to solve (2-D models

only use the X and Y values). Those properties which support isotropic or orthotropic behavior will be

preceded by Isotropicor Orthotropic(for example, Isotropic Thermal Conductivity).

Temperature-dependent properties (the identifier f(T)will be shown beside the property) are input as

tabular data (value vs. temperature). During solution, the material properties are evaluated for the

temperature of the integration points of the elements. If the temperature of an integration point falls

below or rises above the defined temperature range of tabular data, the solver assumes the defined

extreme minimum or maximum value, respectively, for the material property outside the defined range.


Material Data


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Special Considerations

In some instances, the Mechanical APDL application material properties are restricted in functionality,

or the Mechanical application uses them in a specific way.

Linear Material Models

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

You can define the coefficient of thermal expansion using the secant or instantaneous method. For

more information on this topic, see the discussion Linear Material Properties in the Material Reference.

When the coefficient of thermal expansion is defined using the secant method, the reference temper-

ature is the temperature that the thermal strains are measured from and is used to adjust the tem-

perature-dependent curve to the reference temperature of the body it is used in. Its value is determined

by the MPAMODcommand in the Mechanical APDL application, and written as the MPAMOD command

in the ds.dat file. The coefficient of thermal expansion values are computed according to the equation

documented inTemperature-Dependent Coefficient of Thermal Expansionlocated in the Mechanical

APDL Theory Reference.


You can define an anisotropic elasticity model by entering the stiffness terms in an elastic coefficient

matrix [D]. The following graphic show the location of the terms for this symmetric matrix:

D11

D22D21

D33D32D31

D44D43D42D41

D55D54D53D52D51

D66D65D64D63D62D61

Each row corresponds to the terms of x, y, z, xy, yz, xz. The stiffness terms must be positive definite

(requiring all determinants to be positive). The stiffness terms have units of Force/Area operating on

the strain vector.

Material Models with Nonlinear Behavior

Material models which have nonlinear behavior do not allow for conversion of data from one unit system

to another. For these material models you will specify the units of the data in the Reference Units

drop-down list. In Mechanical if an attempt is made to solve the solution, in a unit system which is not

compatible with the Reference Units, an error will be shown and the solution will be stopped. The

following material models have this restriction:


William-Landel-Ferry Shift Function


Tool-Narayanaswamy w/ Fictive Temperature Shift Function

Chaboche Kinematic Hardening


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The chaboche kinematic hardening material model can be defined with respect to temperature and

allows up to five kinematic models for each temperature. It is required that all kinematic models be

defined for each temperature. You can specify the number of kinematic models in the drop down

list. This will add additional columns for entering the data. For additional information, see the

Mechanical APDL application discussion of the Chaboche Kinematic Hardening f(T).

Hyperelastic Material Models

Hyperelasticity can be used to analyze rubber-like materials (elastomers) that undergo large strains and

displacements, with small volume changes (nearly incompressible materials). Large strain theory is re-

quired (in the Mechanical application, set Large Deflection to On).

The hyperelastic material models are isotropic and constant with respect to temperature. The hypere-

lastic materials are also assumed to be nearly or purely incompressible. Thermal expansion, in the ma-

terial, is also assumed to be isotropic.

Experimental testing data can be input for a material, and then using the curve fitting module (see

Curve Fitting (p. 24)), calculate coefficients for various hyperelastic material models. Another option is

to make use of the Response Function which allows the use of experimental testing data and the

definition of incompressibility parameters. The definition of the incompressibility parameters is sequential

and associated with a given index. To delete values requires that they be deleted from the end of the

sequence.

Mullins effect is used for modeling load-induced changes to constitutive response exhibited by some

hyperelastic materials. Mullins Effect should be used in conjunction with a hyperelastic material model

except for Blatz-Ko and Ogden Foam models.

For additional information on these hyperelastic models see the Mechanical APDL application discussion

of Hyperelastic Material Models in the Material Reference.

Gasket Material Model

A gasket material model is used to analyze structural components that have a sealing component

between them. For additional information on the gasket model see the Mechanical APDL application

discussion of Gasket Material Model in the Material Reference. The gasket is defined by a compression

load closure curve, unloading data (linear or nonlinear), and optionally transverse shear and the maximum

tension stress. The gasket can additionally be defined at different temperature values by adding an

additional Data Set, found in the Gasket-Additional Datacategory of the Toolboxview for each

temperature.

The compression load closure curve defines the pressure in the material at given closure values. To

enter this data select the Compression item and enter the data in the Tableview.

The unloading data can be entered as linear or nonlinear data. To add unloading data, choose LinearUnloadingor Nonlinear Unloading, found in the Gasket-Additional Datacategory of the Toolbox

view. When choosing linear unloading multiple curves are entered into each row of the table in the

Tableview. If nonlinear unloading is chosen each individual unloading curve is added from the Toolbox

and then the data is added in the Tableview.

To optionally define the maximum tension stress, add Gasket Parameters, found in the Gasket-Addi-

tional Datacategory of the Toolboxview.

To optionally define the transverse shear, add Transverse Shear, found in the Gasket-Additional Data

category of the Toolboxview.


Material Data
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Charts

Select Data Setnode in Properties Pane to display chart for all the data defined for specific data set or

temperature value.

Select Gasket Modelproperty node in Properties Pane to display all the gasket data. Each data set is

displayed in unique color and associated temperature value can be seen in the chart legend.

Creep Material Models

A creep material model is used to analyze structural components that experience rate-dependent ma-

terial nonlinearities in which the material continues to deform under a constant load. For additional

information on the creep models see the Mechanical APDL application discussion of Creep in the

Mechanical APDL Material Reference in the Material Reference. For these material models you will specify

the units of the data in the Reference Unitsdrop-down list. In Mechanical, if an attempt is made to

solve the solution, in a unit system which is not compatible with the Reference Units, an error will be

shown and the solution will be stopped.

Puck Material Model

The Puck material model is used to analyze the failure of a material in a laminate. In some situations

you may not have experimental data for the Puck parameters but can classify the material as a glass

or carbon. You can choose the Puck material classification from a drop-down menu and the appropriate

data will be filled in. The possible entries are as follows: Material Specific, Glass, or Carbon. Material

Specific is the default selection.

Electromagnetic Material Properties

Linear Soft Magnetic Material

This classification characterizes magnetic material assuming a constant permeability, that is, no satur-

ation effects. Permeability is simply defined as the ratio of B to H: = B/H. Permeability is more easilyexpressed in terms of relative and free-space values: = or. Free-space permeability, o, is equal

to 4e-07 H/m. Relative permeability, r is a multiplier of free-space permeability. Free-space permeab-

ility is defined internally within the program. You are required to supply a relative permeability value.

This classification is applicable to nonmagnetic material such as air, copper, aluminum. It can also be

used as an approximation to magnetic materials when a B-H curve is not available. If the material

exhibits constant properties in all directions (isotropic behavior) then select Relative Permeability

and enter the appropriate value. If the material exhibits different permeability in different orthogonal

directions (orthotropic), then select Relative Permeability (Orthotropic)and enter values for three

orthogonal directions (X, Y, Z). By default, the global coordinate system is used when the material is

applied to a part in the Mechanical application. If desired, you can apply a local coordinate system

to the part. The material orthogonal properties will align with the coordinate system assigned to the

part. For orthotropic material properties, all property values must be entered for the model to properly

solve.

Linear Hard Magnetic Material

This classification characterizes hard magnetic materials such as permanent magnets. The demagnet-

ization curve of the permanent magnet is assumed to have a constant slope. The demagnetization

curve intersects the H axis at a value corresponding to the coercive force, H c. The curve also intersects

the B-axis at a value corresponding to the residual induction, Br. You must enter the Coercive Force

and Residual Inductionvalues. (Use a positive value for the Coercive Force). A permanent magnet


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is polarized along an axis of the part. By default, the global coordinate system is used when the ma-

terial is applied to a part in the Mechanical application. If desired, you can apply a local coordinate

systemto the part. Align the X-axis of the coordinate system in the direction of the North pole of

the magnet. The coordinate system may be Cartesian or cylindrical. A cylindrical system may be used

for radially oriented permanent magnets.

Nonlinear Soft Magnetic Material

This classification characterizes soft materials that exhibit nonlinear behavior between B and H. SelectB-H Curve to enter nonlinear B-H data. The nonlinear behavior is described by a single B-H curve.

You may create a curve by entering B and H data points in Engineering Data, or you may choose

from a library of B-H curves for typical properties. For material exhibiting orthotropic behavior, you

may also select Relative Permeability (Orthotropic). You may elect to apply the B-H curve in any

one or all three orthotropic directions, and specify a constant relative permeability in the other direc-

tions. If you use the orthotropic option, you can apply a local coordinate systemto the part in the

Mechanical application instead of using the default, global coordinate system. When creating B-H

curves, please observe the following guidelines:

a. The curve should be smooth and continuous.

b. Extend the curve well beyond the operating location to accurately capture local high saturation levels.The slope of the curve should asymptotically approach that of free-space permeability. The program

will extrapolate beyond the end of the curve at a slope equal to free-space permeability if required

during the simulation.

c. Group data points around the knee of the curve for better curve-fitting.

d. For best convergence of the simulation, the curve should approach the (0,0) point asymptotically. A

new point in the curve near the curve origin may cause convergence problems.

Nonlinear Hard Magnetic Material

This classification characterizes hard magnetic materials such as permanent magnets. The demagnet-ization curve of the permanent magnet is described by a series of B-H data points located in the

second quadrant. Select Demagnetization B-H Curveto enter this data. The first data entry point

should be at B = 0, H = -Hc. A permanent magnet is polarized along an axis of the part. In the

Mechanical application, you can apply a local coordinate systemto the part, instead of using the

default, global coordinate system. Align the X-axis of the coordinate system in the direction of the

North pole of the magnet. The coordinate system may be Cartesian, cylindrical. A cylindrical system

may be used for radially oriented permanent magnets. When creating B-H curves, please observe the

following guidelines:

a. The curve should be smooth and continuous.

b. The curve may extend into the first quadrant.

c. Group data points around the knee of the curve for better curve-fitting.

Electric: This classification defines the electrical properties of materials, including:

Isotropic Resistivity



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Choose your material properties based on how the material exhibits properties in orthogonal directions,

either constant in all directions (isotropic behavior) or different in orthogonal directions (orthotropic).

By default, the global coordinate system is used when you apply these properties to a part in the

Mechanical application. If desired, you can apply a local coordinate systemto the part. The material

orthogonal properties will align with the coordinate system assigned to the part. For orthotropic

material properties, all property values must be entered for the model to properly solve.

Mutually Exclusive PropertiesThe properties that are mutually exclusive are grouped in the following table.

Isotropic Elasticity

Orthotropic Elasticity

Mooney-Rivlin

Neo-Hookean

Polynomial

Yeoh

Ogden

Arruda-Boyce

Gent

Blatz-Ko

Ogden Foam

Extended Tube

Bilinear Isotropic Hardening

Multilinear Isotropic Hardening

Bilinear Kinematic Hardening

Multilinear Kinematic Hardening

Relative Permeability

Relative Permeability (Orthotropic)


Demagnetization B-H Curve

Thermal Conductivity Isotropic

Thermal Conductivity Orthotropic


Mutually Exclusive Properties
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Isotropic Resistivity


Orthotropic Seebeck Coefficient

Seebeck Coefficient

Relative Permeability

B-H Curve


Demagnetization B-H Curve

Mooney-Rivlin

Neo-Hookean

Polynomial

Yeoh

Ogden

Arruda-Boyce

Gent

Blatz-Ko

Ogden Foam

Extended Tube


Williams-Landel-Ferry Shift Function


Tool-Narayanaswamy with Fictive Temperature Shift

Function

Superelasticity

Shape Memory Effect

Isotropic Elasticity

Orthotropic Elasticity



Material Data


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Blatz-Ko

Ogden Foam

Mullins Effect


The material curve fitting will calculate coefficients of material models that approximate the following

experimental data. You can enter the data or copy and paste data from a spreadsheet into the Table

pane.

Uniaxial Test f(T) (Engineering Strain vs. Engineering Stress)

Biaxial Test f(T) (Engineering Strain vs. Engineering Stress)

Shear Test f(T) (Engineering Strain vs. Engineering Stress)

Volumetric Test f(T)

Note

The Volume Ratio equals the ratio of the current volume to that of the original volume and

all solution data displayed for postprocessing are true stresses and logarithmic strains.

The following hyperelastic material models support curve fitting (see Curve Fitting (p. 24)) of the exper-

imental data:

Mooney-Rivlin

Ogden

Neo-Hookean

Polynomial

Yeoh

Arruda-Boyce

Gent

Blatz-Ko

The experimental data defined for all temperatures is used for curve fitting. Please make sure that

temperatures are defined consistently for different experimental data. If the experimental data contains

temperature mismatch then the warning message will be displayed in the Messagespane during Solve

Curve Fit.

When volumetric data is supplied, a compressible or nearly incompressible model is implied. When no

volumetric data is supplied, the model is understood to be incompressible. Supplying zero as a coefficient

for the volumetric data also denotes an incompressible model.




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You should perform curve fitting for the various hyperelastic models to choose the one, based on the

range of strain you are interested in, that best matches the experimental data provided.

Error Norm for Fit

The error norm can be set to use normalized or absolute error. Normalized error norm considers each

experimental datum equally in computing the curve fit. It generally provides better results than the

absolute error norm, but in some cases the absolute error norm is a better choice.

Nonlinear Fitting (Ogden, Gent)

For nonlinear curve fitting you can provide seed values for the coefficients or you can fix these seed

values. The seed values can be provided for each temperature data. If you do not provide seed values

internal defaults will be used. It is suggested that you attempt to use seed values based on experience

if possible. The nonlinear curve fit will most often converge to a local error norm minimum. It may take

several attempts (trial seed values) to achieve the desired fit, or copying and pasting the last solution

as seed values and solving again.

CAD Materials

The materials assigned to parts in a CAD package can be used in Mechanical by checking the Material

Properties check box in the Geometry cell properties pane. The materials assigned to parts in the CAD

package will be assigned to corresponding parts in the Mechanical application.

CADMaterials Engineering Data Source- When a model is refreshed after importing CAD geometry,

a temporar

Engineering Data Users Guide

Documents

Transcript of Engineering Data Users Guide