TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

AUTOMOTIVE: some idea AUTOMOTIVE: some idea toto improveimprove engineengineperformancesperformances –– pistonpiston//cylindercylinder systemsystem

Dr. Alberto BorghiDr. Alberto Borghi -- CEO CEO TecTec Star S.r.l.Star S.r.l.

SHAPING THE WORLD ATOM BY ATOMSHAPING THE WORLD ATOM BY ATOM

TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

PossiblePossible solutionssolutions in in pistonspistons//cylindercylinder systemsystem

COATINGSCOATINGSNi + SiC nanoparticlesCr + nanodiamonds

ALLOYSALLOYSMMNC Al based

SURFACE TREATMENTSSURFACE TREATMENTSSurface Texturing

The hardness changes of Al–13.8 wt%Zn/5 vol%Al2O3 andAl–13.8 wt%Zn vs. annealing times at different temperatures.

TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

CoatingsCoatings: Ni + : Ni + SiCSiC nanonano

First idea is to coat cylinder surface with Nickel coating doped by nanoparticles.This solution increase the tribologicalperformances of cylinder surface: low wear rate and high hardness.

L. Benea et al., Wear 249(2002) 995-1003

M.R. Vaezi et al., Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 315(2008) 176-182

TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

CoatingsCoatings: Cr + : Cr + nanodiamondsnanodiamonds

The amount of diamond particle in the deposit reaches a maximum at 10 g/L ofdiamondpowder and 2.5 g/L of cobalt cation in the bath and is 4 times that without cobaltcation.

Hard Chromium is often used in pistonrings to increase tribological properties in sliding motion with surface cylinder.

The second idea could be to increase pistonrings perfomances adding to hard Chromium nanodiamonds, that can improve hardness of the coating and decrease wear rate.

Viet-Hue NGUYEN et al., Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 19(2009) 975-978

TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

AlloysAlloys: Metal Matrix Nano: Metal Matrix Nano--Composite (Al or Mg)Composite (Al or Mg)Third idea is to improve mechanical properties (Young modulus, hardness) ofbulk metal alloys by adding ceramic nanoparticles during melting process.

TEC STAR S.r.l.Viale Europa, 40 – 41011 Campogalliano (MO), Italy

Tel. +39059 526845 – Fax +39059 527000

SurfaceSurface treatmentstreatments: : SurfaceSurface TexturingTexturing0.80

0.70

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0.40

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Fri

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9080706050403020100Laps

FRICTION vs TIME TEST

UNTEXTURED TEXTURED

"poor" lubrication v = 12 cm/snormal load = 7N nominal contact pressure: 7MPa

1. Oil Reservoir

2. Pipe 3. Angle Cock 4. Accessory Nozzle 5. Transparent Cup 6. Piston Ring Segments 7. Cylinder Liner 8. Heat Source

1000800600

Crank speed [rpm]

Pressure 0.9 MPa Baseline

LST SET

1000800600

Crank speed [rpm]

Pressure 0.6 MPa Baseline

LST SET

1000800600

Crank speed [rpm]

Pressure 0.3 MPa Baseline

LST

SET2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

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N]

1000800600

Crank speed [rpm]

Pressure 0.1 MPa Baseline LST

SETFourth idea: tomodify cylinder or piston rings surfacewith texturing:1.Laser Texturing(LST)2.Surface EngineeringTreatment (SET): thissolution providetexturing and lapping