Energy Savings Ideas & Best Practices

May 2010

Shakti S ChauhanNational Director, Accenture

Agenda

• Defining Sustainability

• Why buildings?

• Energy Conservation Building Code – At a glance

• Approach to Energy Management

• HVAC

• Areas of focus

• Best Practices

• What can each one of us do from now?

What Sustainability is? & is not…

* Source: US Environmental Protection Agency

Sustainability* means “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own need”

Sustainability addresses optimal use of energy, water and other resources. It addresses the principles of reduce, reuse & recycle and minimizing waste.

"We have a responsibility to sustain - if not enhance - our natural environment and our nation's economy for future generations."

Sustainability is not a buzz word

Variations of the Earth's surface temperature for the past 140 years The Earth’s surface temperature is shown year by year (red bars) and approximately decade by decade (black line, a filtered annual curve suppressing fluctuations below near decadal time-scales).

Source IPCC Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001 (The Scientific Basis, Summary for Policymakers)

Earth’s Surface Temperature

Over both the last 140 years and 100

years, the best estimate is that the

global average surface temperature has increased by 0.6

± 0.2 °C.

Is there a way to sustain the resources but not impede growth?

Accelerate energy efficiency implementation

Utilize renewable energy

Reduce your personal carbon footprint through: > Employing eco-friendly methods of travel / eating> Minimizing use of plastic products > Saving electricity, water, paper and use of non-toxic alternatives

Energy is thus an integral component of Sustainability“ ”

Why Buildings – India Sector wise Electricity Energy Distribution

Industrial36.5%

Commercial6.6%

Residential23.4%

Transportation2.8%

Agriculture30.7%

Buildings are responsible for at least 40% of energy use in most countries. The absolute figure is rising fast, as construction booms, especially in countries such as China and India. In India, estimated energy use per year is:

Commercial buildings: 33 billion kWh ; Residential Buildings: 110 billion kWh

In the United States buildings account for: 70% of electricity consumption, 39% of energy use, 39% of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, 40% of raw materials use, 30% of waste output (136 million tons annually), and 12% of potable water consumption.

Source: www.usgbc.org

Source: BEE

Five Climatic Zones

1. Composite (Delhi)

2. Hot Dry (Ahmedabad)

3. Hot Humid (Kolkata),

4. Moderate (Bangalore)

5. Cold (Shillong)

Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC )

• Average energy use (lighting and HVAC) for a typical commercial building is 200 kWh/sq. meter/year.

• When enforcement is made through mandatory provisions, ECBC may target energy use reduction by 30-40% to 120-160 kWh/sq. meter/year.

It is better to be prepared even before the legislations come into picture.“”

Typical Cases - Energy Conservation Measure Vs kWh

240

208

168

133

98

186

165

120

98

86

0 50 100 150 200 250 300Base

Case

Envelop

e optimiza

tion

Lighting O

ptimiza

tion

HVAC optim

izatio

nContro

ls

EC

M

Building 2

Building 1

Energy Efficient Design Success Stories (India) & Benchmarks (Singapore)

Approach to Energy Management

Derive Baseline

Correlate historical data of the whole building energy use / air conditioning energy use to weather data (degree days)

Perform energy balance Do not assume. Measure & Verify performance

Account for expansion plans and changes in loads/ operational hours

Gather accurate information related to hours of operation and variations in load on working days and holidays

Adapt a holistic approach rather than a piece meal approach while evaluating opportunities especially if the ideas have an overlapping influence for example upgrading with energy efficient lighting and occupancy sensor.

Use IPMVP (International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol) techniques such as segregated metering to measure and verify energy saving performances

Typical Energy Balance

Energy distribution 97.97 lakh kWh per year

UPS Workstation + Lab

41.8%

UPS data center5.1%

STP3.4%

Irrigation0.4%

Elevators & others1.0%

Lab AHU3.4%

AHU2.6%

Precision AC2.0%

Chilled water pumps2.1%

Chiller23.7%

Lighting & Raw power7.2%

UPS losses5.4%

Transformer losses2.0%

Low Cost Measures

Typical low cost measures can be:

> Evaluating contract demand,

> Analyzing tariff options,

> Setting point changes,

> Understanding part load performances and

> Utilizing in-built equipment capabilities in terms of load dispatch especially for UPS, Chiller etc.

General tendency is to pluck low hanging fruits and postpone the significant investment grade options

Energy Management

Energy Star Guidelines as USEPA

What Can One Do?

Follow Best Practices> HVAC, Lighting, Controls, Motors, Building Envelope

Intensive Action will yield significant savings

HVAC

• Implement Chiller load dispatch strategies

• Re-commission BMS

• Minimize building envelope heat gain wherever possible (walls/ insulation/ leakage/ glazing)

• Get back to basics and fundamentals

• Follow systems approach

Systems Approach

Focus on the overall impact on the system rather than one component

Lighting

Energy Efficient Lamps (LED)

Appropriate input voltage for lighting circuits

Occupancy Sensors

Utilize natural lighting.

Drives & UPS

Opt for EFF1 standard motors

Select high efficiency transmission system (such as belts)

Evaluate retrofits

Evaluate energy spend on UPS including UPS losses.

You might be surprised to note that energy by UPS is a major contributor to overall energy consumed and not HVAC.“

”

Controls & Automation

> Question and validate set points

> Reset specific to site conditions

Key Learnings

Discuss ways to save energy through periodic energy meetings with employees & co-workers.

Create an energy committee

Introduce reward schemes

Hire and perform a professional energy audit once in 2 or 3 years.

Have a scheduling program for lights and AC

Persistence is the key

Document analysis and evaluation of ECMs, even when found not feasible.Revalidate the idea due to changes in tariff, loads, hours of operation.

Thank you

Copyright © Jones Lang LaSalle Meghraj, 2010