Energy Saving – The Ship Owner’s Perspective

Sean Crowley

Electrical & Automation Manager, Technical Department

Stolt Tankers BV

Energy Efficiency in Vessel Operations Conference

11th Annual Digital Ship Scandinavia

5th & 6th March 2014

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Agenda

• Brief Overview of Stolt-Nielsen Limited, Stolt Tankers and StolthavenTerminals

• Stolt-Nielsen Environmental Policy

• Why are we here? The Ship Owner’s Perspective...

• Why energy management?

• Plan

• Do

• Check

• Act

• Questions

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Stolt-Nielsen Limited Overview

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Environmental

• Stolt-Nielsen Ship Owning’s mission is to provide its customers with thesafest, most reliable and most environmentally friendly bulk-liquidtransportation services in the world.

• Reducing CO2, NOx and SOx emissions through increased efficiency isone of the key objectives of Stolt Tankers’ Energy Management Project—an ongoing effort launched in 2006 to improve the energy efficiency of theexisting Stolt fleet.

• Actions include:

Travelling specialists analyse ship performance and provide best-practice guidelinesto crews.

Smoothing hulls and propellers.

Optimising voyage planning.

Power management and frequency converters.

• Designing innovative parcel tankers that will deliver substantial long-termfuel efficiencies.

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The ship owner’s perspective…

• Rising fuel prices and impending environmental regulations put pressure

on ship owners to operate more efficiently.

– EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index)

– SEEMP (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan)

• Studies show that 60% – 70% of ship-operating costs go on fuel.

• Going Green is good for the ship owner and good for the environment.

• Fuel measurement and performance analysis are key tools to manage

voyage costs and thus profitability.

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Why energy management?

Drivers:

• Rising energy prices

• Compliance (future) emission regulation

• Corporate social responsibility

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Rising energy prices…

Crude vs. Fuel, 2005 - 2011

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Marpol Annex IV - Emission control areas

North American Coasts ECA-SOx

from August 1, 2012

Baltic and North Sea

ECA-SOx

US Caribbean ECA-SOx

from January 1, 2014

North American & US Caribbean

ECAs will also be ECA-NOx

from 2016

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Marpol Annex IV - Upcoming emission regulation

• From 2016 new regulations will

come into force with regard to

NOx emissions.

• January 2015 new sulphur

emissions regulation come into

force for emission control areas.

• January 2020 new sulphur

emissions regulation come into

force world wide.

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How to manage energy consumption?

Energy management is controlled primarily through careful ship operation

and management, which requires the personal commitment of everyone

involved in the above tasks. To be successful, energy efficiency and energy

conservation must become a way of life.

Within Stolt Tankers an ISO 14001 environmental management system has

been implemented. Energy conservation plays an integral role in the ISO

14001 system and is documented in appendix 10 of the Environmental

management manual.

The system works following a PDCA cycle: Plan

Do Check

Act

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Plan: Which areas affect energy consumption?

Hull

Propeller

Steam & Engine

Tank Cleaning

Trim

Autopilot

• Performance Management

• Weather Routing

• Voyage & Bunker Planning

Fuel & Sludge Treatment

Ballast

Resources

Cooling Systems

Turbocharger

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Do: Upgrade systems

• Ships systems are normally

designed for a sea water

temperature of 36 degrees Celsius

and full engine load, but only a

limited amount of time are vessels

sailing on such conditions.

• This means that there can be

savings by optimizing the cooling

water system. For example, by

installing frequency controllers on

seawater pumps.

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Do: What are Variable Speed Drives (VSD)?

• A VSD is a microprocessor system for controlling AC electric motors.

• A VSD controls the speed, torque, direction and resulting horsepower of a motor.

• Variable Speed Drives can be used in many applications from the main

propulsion to the bow.

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Do: How do Variable Speed Drives save fuel?

• Drives adjust the speed of electric motors to match the demand of the application,

typically reducing motor energy consumption by 20-to-50 percent.

• When traditional control methods are used—such as dampers, vanes or valves—the motor

runs at full speed and the flow of the output is mechanically restricted.

• Normal design criteria set to meet the most unfavorable conditions. Everyday operation

rarely comes close to such conditions.

• In many cases these pumps are over dimensioned in order to handle any situation, e.g.

fluctuations in seawater and ambient temperature.

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Do: What is a Power Management System (PMS)?

• A power management is an automation system for electric power

generation and distribution.

• The PMS controls the power system in order to prevent blackouts and

minimize fuel consumption.

• Common features of a PMS:

Engine Control Functions (start/stop sequences including cooling-down period) Automatic Load Dependent Start/Stop Automatic Load Sharing Start Priority Selection Frequency Control Blackout Recovery Heavy Consumer Control Generator Protection

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Do: How can a PMS save money?

• A PMS starts and stops the diesel generators based on actual load

demand, without relying on manual intervention.

• Instead of having a standard cooling-down period, an advanced PMS

can incorporate cooling water and lube oil temperatures so idle running

hours are reduced.

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Do: Voyage planning

Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) has been

contracted to provide weather routing services for the entire fleet, ensuring

that an optimal route is sailed. Software tracks performance.

Vessel data input

Vesslink

IMOS

Bassnet

SMHI

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Do: Hull performance

Hull and propeller fouling can have a huge impact on the energy

consumption of a vessel. As per ISO 14001 system, procedures are in

place to control hull fouling.

• Propellers are polished on fixed intervals

• Hulls are cleaned based on condition

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Do: Hull performance

Impact on heavy running propeller / fouled hull is the difference between

the expected speed and the observed speed. By closely measuring hull

performance hull and propeller fouling interval can be determined.

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Check: The challenges of measurement

• Of all our initiatives, measurement is the most challenging—almost

impossible to measure factors with ≤3% effect.

• Hence, difficult to justify expensive capital investments.

• Many solutions claim potential high give-or-take savings…that

would be nice, but…who takes the risk?

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• Accurate data on fuel consumption and reduction measures is the

basis for any energy management policy.

• Automated systems gather data from the ships’ systems and

sensors without increasing the workload of ships’ staff.

• Enables integration with overall ship management solutions, such

as BASSnet.

Check: Measurement starts with data collection

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Check: Example of poor measurement

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Check: Example of good measurement

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Check: Recording device - Maris Log 4000

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ACT: Oil-fired boiler optimization - findings

• Fuel and Air Ratios - Not optimized for lowest FO consumption.They are normally set for too much air compared to the fuel.

•Maintenance of burner’s equipment (including nozzles,swirlers, burner throats, vents and linkage) – Poormaintenance can cause burned tubes and higher FOconsumption.

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Thank You.

• On behalf of Stolt Tankers, I want to thank Digital Ship and Cathy Hodge for inviting me

to speak at the conference today and arranging the new Vessel Efficiency & Fuel

Management Module

• Marlink and the other sponsors of this event.

• Members of Fleet Support and Newbuilding Departments, Stolt Tankers B.V.

• Stolt Energy Conservation Manager Sander Woltheus.

• To you, conference attendees, for listening to me...

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Questions?