Energy from Faeces: Big Opportunities for Non-Sewered and Integrated Community Sanitary Systems in...
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Energy from Faeces: Big Opportunities for Non-sewered and Integrated Community Sanitary Systems in Africa
TOSIN ONABANJO, PHDRESEARCH FELLOW, ENERGY AND POWER, CRANFIELD UNIVERSITY, UK
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CHALLENGES
70% Nigeria
90% Niger
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation
85% Ghana 44% South
Africa
─ Lack of safe, clean and accessible toilet
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CHALLENGES
open dump of faecesCourtesy: dailymail/africandevelopment/tribuneng
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CHALLENGES
Unsustainable use of natural resources –water, land, energy,
Expensive to build, operate and maintain
Typically, not safely treated
Conventional Flush Toilet
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CHALLENGES TO OPPORTUNITIES
WASTE
RESOURCE
DISPOSAL
RESOURCE
RECOVERY
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OPPORTUNITIES
Currently being developed at Cranfield
University
Household-scale: 10 Users
Waterless flush
Odour control
Dewatering mechanism
Energy recovery
HOUSEHOLD SCALE: NANO-MEMBRANE TOILET
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OPPORTUNITIES
Streets, Hospitals, Markets, Schools, Public Transportation &
Facilities
INTEGRATED COMMUNITY SANITARY SYSTEMS
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OPPORTUNITIES
1.24 TJ of energy per 1000
persons in Africa
345 GWh of electricity daily
1,380,000 persons daily
ENERGY IN HUMAN FAECES
2.5% Zimbabwe
0.2% Nigeria
1.3% Ghan
aor
Mayotte,Seychelles,
Saint Helena Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
3 African Countries
100%
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OPPORTUNITIES
NEXT-GENERATION SANITARY SOLUTIONS energy water
nutrients
appropriate solutions for Africans
environmentally safe
treat human waste safely
resource utilisation &
recovery
affordable, sustainable & financially profitable
‘off the grid’
developed/developing
nations
<US$.05 cents/user/daywithout connections to
water, sewer, or electrical lines
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RISING TO THE CHALLENGE
Product DevelopmentCertification/Audit/MonitoringAppropriate SolutionsCapacity BuildingAppropriate PoliciesCommunity Awareness/TrainingSustainable Business Models