Energy Effy Wipro Oct 27

8/6/2019 Energy Effy Wipro Oct 27

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2009 Wi ro Ltd - Confidential

Energy Efficiency/ Sustainability :Economics, Policy and Behavioral dimensions

Sudarshan S A


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2009 Wi ro Ltd - Confidential2


The four models for reducing GHG emissions

ReducedGHG

emissions

Replace FFenergy* withRenewable

Energy

Reduce demandfor energy

Cleanerconventional( FF) energy

SustainableLand-use (

Afforestation,reduced

deforestation..)

Energy Efficiency


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Sustainable habitat - multiple dimensions of energyefficiency

Cooling efficiency Earth Air tunnels, Geothermal, Chilled Beams etc

Lighting efficiency - LED lighting,Green

Buildings

More efficient IC engines

Lighter materials for car body resulting in higher efficiencies

Green

Transportation

Smart grid management resulting in reduced T&D lossesGreen Grids

Hardware virtualization resulting in greater information processing per cycle

More energy efficient PCs, Servers and RoutersGreen ICT

More efficient industrial motors & pumps

Improved production processes e.g. Smelt reduction in steel industry

Waste to heat recovery in industrial processes

Green

Industry

Energy efficient home appliances e.g, Energy Star ACs, refrigerators, PCs etcGreen

homes


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A further shift

to natural gas Nuclearpower

Renewables Bio-products Carbon capture

and storage

Masstransportation Buildings

Low energyappliances

Doing thingsdifferently

Energy conservation and efficiency

Emission reduction

Roadtransport

Options for changetechnological andbehavioural


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Category Waste & (Efficiency) Main waste factorsThermal power station :(Available for end-use)/(Generated power)

47% Waste 53% Effy 20% - Power plant losses27% - T&D losses

Industrial motors and

pumps

65 % Waste 35 % Effy 10% - Motor losses

2 % - Drivetrain losses25% - Pump losses30% % - Throttle losses23% - Pipe losses

IC Engines 87% waste 13% Effy 62% - Engine loss18% - Idling loss

7% - Drivetrain loss etc

Energy efficiency is really about reducing waste

Input : 100%(Less) Waste : 70 % =Output : 30 %

An alarming story


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The Here and Now economics of energy efficiency

PositiveReturns


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2009 Wi ro Ltd - Confidential10 2009 Wi ro Ltd - Confidential10

Energy intensive industries like Steel, Cement, Chemicals and Oil refiningcan abate 0.7 mn tons ( 1.7 mn tons to 1 mn tons) by 2020 throughefficiency measures alone ( Source : Mckinsey)

Biggest EE opportunities lie in high degree of insulation in buildingenvelopes with integrated passive design.

Most energy efficiency measures are cost negative ; Only green buildingsfall in the modest cost +ve category ( 0-20 Euro per ton of GHGmitigated)

Five point Energy Efficiency program recommendedi. Introduce technical norms/standards for buildings, appliances , vehicles & agri-pumps

ii. Govt to provide fiscal incentives for adoption of efficiency programs

iii. Introduce tradable energy certificates for industry

iv. Promote new business models like ESCOs to overcome Principal Agent issues

v. Implement Time of Day tariffs to shift peak power demand

Energy efficiency for India : salient findings from McKinseystudy


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0

200

400

600

800

1000

2005 2050

Target Mobility - Fuels

Vehicle Efficiency Mobility Choice

Renewable Power CCSBuildings Industry

Domestic Other Actions

Opportunity starts at the national / sectoral level

A. Opportunity Wedges (National)(Developed Country Example)

B. National/Sectoral Goals & Targets

Efficiency BuildingsIndustry xx % p.a.Domestic through to 20xx

Power Renewables xx MW p.a. by 20xx

Generation CCS xx tonnes CO2 p.a.

Mobility Bio-fuels xx litres p.a. by 20xxEfficiency xx mpg by 20xxChoice Hybrid / Diesel uptake

Mass transit

C. National Policies

Buildings adopt new country buildingstandards, design awareness

Industry Sectoral agreements, emissionstrading, technology standards

Domestic carbon labeling, increasedproduct standards (e.g. standby energy)

Renewable Energy renewables targets.

CCS

funding for infrastructure, tax cutson capital investments, price signals for

carbon via emissions trading

Biofuels targets, support formanufacturing, CO2 labeling

Vehicle Efficiency - support technology,incentives, sectoral agreements

Mobility Choice - consumer incentives,promote public/private partnerships for

transport networks

National CO2trajectory

CO2

Emissions

,MTperannum


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Economically sensibly technologiesAdopt and benefit


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Bio-Methanization PlantWealth fromWaste

Proper and adequate disposal of bio-degradable waste is important for Ecological

sustainability and to meet regulatory requirement.

Wipro offers most appropriate treatment and disposal system of biodegradable waste that

generates energy from waste thereby creating wealth from waste sustainably.

EcoEnergy has acquired technology to treat biodegradable waste such as Food waste,Kitchen waste, Animal waste (dung, litter etc), Leather industry waste, Green Grass waste,

paper waste, Crop residue waste - bagasse, Municipal solid biodegradable waste, Hospital bio-

waste, solid process waste from brewery, food processing, distillery, de-oiled cake from

Jathropha and other oilseeds ( edible or non edible).

In-feed into the plant has to be segregated to avoid things non-biodegradable things like egg

shells, coconut shells, coconut fibre.

Thru this technology, cost effective and efficient Biogas plant from capacities ranging from 1

ton/day upto 50 ton/day can be supplied.

Typical output will be 60-100 m3/day from a 1 ton/day feed plant. This depends on fat/

protein/ carbohydrate characteristic and Carbon to Nitrogen ratio.

Typically, about 38 to 45 m3 of Biogas can replace 1 LPG cylinder of 19 kg.

Typical constituent of Biogas is - CH4 (70% -75%); Co2 ( 10% -15%) and H2O ( 5%-10%)


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Bio Gas PlantWealth from Waste contd..

Supply to Staff

kitchen

Schematic diagram for waste to energy proposal for kitchen waste


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Bio Gas PlantWealth from Waste contd..Sample proposal :

Design capacity - 900 kg- 1000kg/ day of in-feed food waste : Area required : normally 100-110 square meter; modular design specific to site possible.

Biogas produced per day: 80 -100 M3 depending on feed characteristics.

LPG replaced: 2no. of 19KG LPG cylinders each per day. (saving of atleast Rs.2400/day in current fuel price

terms)

Capital Investment: Rs.1.75 to 1.8 million for complete plant --- Piping cost, burners cost are excluded and will be

extra. ( Please note a 3 ton/ day plant will not be 3 times the cost of 1 ton plant but will be significantly lower) Delivery of project will be within 12-14 weeks from order and advance payment date.

Pay Back :

1.8 Years ( No hike in LPG)

10 Year IRR:

45% ( No hike in LPG considered )

54% (10% Hike in LPG cost every Year)

Assumed : 365 days of operation

No Carbon credit assumed in Payback and IRR

By product generated is organic manure used as soil conditioner ( Urea substitute) and can be sold @ Rs. 3 to 5

per kg additional income of Rs.80k per year.

(This is not considered in IRR and Pay back calculation)

Operation Cost: Rs. 0.1 million per annum



echnology and system credentials:

References for this Biogas technology:

Over 30 plants with this technology are operating in India for food waste, animalwaste

Accepted by many pollution board as most advanced and clean tech for biodegradablewaste disposal. Kerala and Maharastra pollution board strongly recommends thistechnology compared to conventional Biogas.

It is mandated by Kerala pollution board to install Biogas plant for establishmentfalling within certain criteria - for Large IT, Industries, Hotel campus is a must.

Notable installation include - Kottyam medical college; Symbiosis college -Pune;Ankhleshwar industrial estate - CETP; Kaiga nuclear plant - Karnataka, Municipalcorporations of Matheran, Pen, Chandrapur; TCS- Thane.

We can offer comprehensive plant operation and training services as well.



2008 Wipro Ltd - Confidential

Economics of a Biogas Plant

Size of the Biogas Plant 1 ton/day

Cost of system(mechanical+electrical)

8.3 lakhs

Cost of system (civil) 9.2 lakhs

Total Cost 17.5 lakhs

Biogas Generated 80-90 m3

Total LPG equivalent (average) 42 kg/day

Annual Savings in LPG 15330 kg

Annual Savings 5.2 lakhs

Payback 3.4 years

The total biogasoutput varieswith the input

feedstock,quality of thefeedstock, andambienttemperature.The value

assumed here isan average.


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Cooling with Chilled Beams at a leading BPO

One of the top BPOs in the country who were lookingto reduce their operating expenses on cooling, for their6000 sq. ft. 24x7 office space

Wipro EcoEnergy analyzed their requirements andrecommended chilled beams as an alternative to

conventional central ACs

Chilled beams are highly efficient , require less airhandling, are aesthetically pleasing, and have very lowoperational noise

Solution consisted of active chilled beams embedded inthe ceilings, with a total capacity of 250TR, along with thechillers and air supply units

Solution was 22% more efficient than conventional andensured a total payback of less than 2.8 years



Economics of Chilled Beams

Type of Plant and Capacity 675 KW VRFOutdoor unitChiller

250 TRChilled Beam

Electrical LoadkW

304 268

Capital Cost(Rs. In lakhs) 213 237

Difference in Capital Cost(Rs. in Lakhs)

24

Energy Consumption per annum(kUnits)

1331.5 1173.8

Total Energy Cost / Annum(Rs. in lakhs)

79.8 70.4

Saving in Energy Cost / Annum(Rs. in lakhs)

9

Pay back period

(years)2.7

Assuming 12hrs

usage for 365days for a 24x7BPO operationin a location likeMumbai

@6Rs/unit



Industrial Solar Water Heating System

A large industrial sea weed processing unit required hot

water generation of 10,000 liters/day at 80 degreeCelsius, for their plant

Inconsistent supply of grid electricity meant heavydependence on diesel generators for heating, which wasa huge operating expense

Wipro EcoEnergy analyzed their requirements andsuggested the installation of a Solar Water heating systemusing Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETC)

Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETC), as opposed to flat

plate systems, ensure more efficient absorption of solarradiation and hence maximize the generation of hotwater, at comparable costs

The recommended solution resulted in a saving of1.75Lakh units of electricity (10.5 lakh INR) in a year

with a payback period of less than 1.5 years



Economics of solar water heaters

It is assumedthat the totalnumber ofgeneration days

in this location is300, excludingrainy days

Size of Installation 10000 litres/day

Cost of the basic system 11.5 lakhs

Cost of piping and instrumentation 1.5 lakhs

Total Cost 13 lakhs

Conventional Cost (electric) 0.26 lakhs

Avg. ambient temperature 30 degrees

Final water temperature 80 degrees

Electrical energy savings(daily) 581.4 units

Annual savings 10.5 Lakhs

Payback 1.2 years



Rooftop PV system for outdoor lighting

One of the top newsprint companies was looking for

clean energy options to power outdoor lights at theirplant location, and reduce their diesel consumption

On analyzing the site conditions Wipro EcoEnergyrecommended centralized PV systems to power the LEDlights around the plant. This will be more efficient and

economical as against independent solar lighting units

Based on expected solar incidence, simulation results,and other site conditions, 4x 1.6kWp modules wereinstalled to power the LED lights, with adequate batterybackup for 3 days of autonomy

The system also includes custom designed monitoringequipment which logged and transmitted relevantgeneration data to a remote dashboard

The system is expected to generate 10MWh of clean

electricity annually



Specification of the rooftop system

Application Grid Interactive Solar PV SystemSystem Output Voltage 230V AC, 50Hz, 1-phase out.

Module Type Mono crystalline Silicon

Array Wattage 1645Wp (STC) (4 Nos.)

Battery Type Tubular Flooded Lead acid batterybank

Battery Bank Volume 240 V DC

Battery Capacity 400AH @ 2V DC

Solar Charger Rating 2kWp

Inverter Rating 2kVA, 230V AC, 50Hz, 1-phase

Module MountingStructure

Roof Mounting, Galvanized Iron

Monitoring MODBUS acquisition with GPRS

Smart PCUprioritizesbetween solar,grid, and DGpower

Advancedremotemonitoringsystem tomeasure solarincidence andgeneration data



Other illustrative examples


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Leading Hospital in Delhi

Initial energy performance Index EPI

605 KWH / m2 yr

Steps initiated to improve

Building evelope

AAC blocks

Shade analysis

roof insulation

Lighting improvements

Efficient fixtures and Low W/sq ft design/

Day light integration

HVAC improvements

optimum load calculation

efficient chillers and AHU

Use of VFD

Result of the above50% improvement in EPI with 3 year payback .

ECBC approach to Energy efficiency-



Indoor lighting comparision-



Outdoor lighting comparison-



To summarize



The Energy efficiency revolution is so do-able

Whole-systemsdesign thinkingEliminate waste by

-Applying whole systems thinking to product design- Applying Lean and Six sigma principles to wastefulprocesses

Policies-Encourage efficiency by removing unwanted subsidies- Mandate and implement standards; Should be part ofcorporate code- Catalyze entrepreneurship through the financingsystem- Shared savings ( addresses Principal Agent problem)

Behavior-Make energy efficiency of products visible througheffective communication- Reward consumers for purchase of more efficientproducts-Voluntary efficiency behaviors at school, work,homes


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Thank you

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Energy Effy Wipro Oct 27

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