Energy Efficiency: systems, buildings and communities ... · Energy Efficiency: systems, buildings...
Transcript of Energy Efficiency: systems, buildings and communities ... · Energy Efficiency: systems, buildings...
Energy Efficiency: systems, buildings and communities Smart Cities Research Lines
Manel Sanmartí Barcelona, 20th May 2014
www.irec.cat
INDEX
1. IREC Introduction
2. Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities
3. The Smart City Energy Vision
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PRINCIPLES
Mission
To contribute to the sustainable development and enhance
corporate competitiveness via:
• Medium and long-term research,
• Scientific development and technological know-how in the
field of energy, and
• Innovation and development of new products
Vision
To become a center of excellence and an international
benchmark organization through Research, Technology
Development and Innovation (R+TD+i), working in
coordination with the Industry, the Universities and the
Administration.
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ORIENTATION
The Institute works with a dual approach:
• Long-term research, aimed at generating
knowledge within groups and research areas
of the Institute, with a mid or long-term
commercial projection in mind.
• Technology development, focused on
collaboration with the Industry to create new
products and new technical solutions, at short
and mid-term.
The Institute’s position is defined by the
balance between these two approaches.
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GOVERNING BODY
GOVERNMENT
OF CATALONIA
Min. Enterprise and Labour (President)
Min. Economy and Knowledge (VPresident)
GOVERNMENT
OF SPAIN CIEMAT (Min. Economy and Competitiveness)
IDAE (Min. Industry, Energy and Tourism)
UNIVERSITIES
Barcelona TECH (UPC)
Barcelona (UB)
Rovira i Virgili (URV) in Tarragona
COMPANIES
ENDESA
GAS NATURAL FENOSA
Fundación REPSOL
CLH
ENAGÁS
ALSTOM Wind
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL AREAS
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• Advanced Materials
• Functional Nanomaterials
• Catalysis
• Materials for Solar Systems
• Nanoionics and Fuel Cells
• Energy Storage and Harvesting
• Bioenergy and Biofuels
• Thermochemical Conversion
• Biorefinery and Microalgae
Research Units
• Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities
• NZEB (Net Zero Energy Buildings and Communities)
• Integration of Renewables.
• Smart Grids and Microgrids
• Green IT
• Electric Mobility
• Lighting
• Economic analysis and regulation
• Offshore Wind Energy
• Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity
• Electric Machines and Control Systems
• Grid Integration
• Wind resource assessment at see
• Project “ZÈFIR Test Station”
Technological Development Units
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SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COUNCIL
The Scientific Advisory Council, appointed by the Governing Body, acts as advisory body
of the Institute insofar as the definition of the scientific strategy, and the periodic
evaluation of their researchers and results.
The Scientific Advisory Council is composed by :
• Prof. Dr. Esteban Chornet. President
Emeritus professor of the Sherbrooke University, Quebec, Canada.
• Prof. Dr. John A. Kilner.
Imperial College of London, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Materials, UK.
• Prof. Dr. Johan Driesen.
Associate professor of K.U. Leuven, Belgium.
• Prof. Dr. Matthias M. Schuler.
Adjunct professor of Environmental Technologies, School of Design, Harvard University,
MA, USA.
• Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen Kröning.
Managing Director de “EWE Offshore Service & Solutions GmbH”, DE.
• Prof. Dr. Konstantinos Papamichael.
Co-Director. California Lighting Technology Center, University of California, Davis, USA.
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LOCATION
The IREC has two headquarters: Barcelona and Tarragona.
The center in Barcelona deals with:
•Thermal Energy. Lighting
•Electrical Engineering. Offshore Wind Energy
•Advanced Materials for Energy
The center in Tarragona deals with:
•Bioenergy
•Laboratory for Thermal Energy and
Energy Integration
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KIC InnoEnergy, Europe’s Network for Energy Excellence
The European Institute of Technology & Innovation EIT has chosen the consortium
InnoEnergy, which is comprised of 35 companies, universities and research centers
throughout Europe, to stimulate and promote research, training and innovation in the
energy sector.
The primary objective is to ease research to reach the market more quickly and
efficiently, so that European companies are able to compete in better conditions
globally with the USA and Japan.
IREC, as a leading European center in energy research, is part of InnoEnergy and
will participate in the projects to be promoted in the 2010-2016 period.
IREC AT THE HEART OF INNOVATION IN EUROPE - KIC
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IREC AT THE HEART OF INNOVATION IN EUROPE - KIC
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CONNECT-EU GROUP
IREC is leading a Group of Energy, composed by four Catalan representatives enterprises,
one university and one association of the technological and scientific sector, to join research
interests and needs and innovation to have a bearing in the projects funded by the European
Union, mainly the 7th framework Programme (FP7).
The strategic agenda of the Group includes:
- Wind energy,
- Smart cities;
- Electric vehicle “off board”;
- Energy efficiency,
- Renewable Heating & Cooling / Low or Zero Energy Buildings,
- Bionergy, and
- Solar Energy
Contact: [email protected]
Origin Total €
Spain 3.157.467
Europe 4.045.543
KIC 532.950
Catalonia 26.000
Industry 612.559
TOTAL 8.348.519
38%
48%
6%
7%
Amount
The future is based on the European calls, which together with EIT-KIC
calls, represents at the beginning of 2013 a portfolio of 54%.
This trend should be complemented by industrial projects of a certain size.
Portfolio at the beginning of 2013
MOST RELEVANT ASPECTS
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• We are working on 69 projects with a portfolio of 8,35 M€ at the beginning of 2013.
• 54% of the amount of these projects comes from European calls.
• We lead in Europe the research on thin-film photovoltaic materials based on Chalcopyrite
CuInGa(S,Se)2 (CIGS) and Kesterites Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTS), with the coordination of three FP7
projects.
• We are a founding member of KIC InnoEnergy (EIT) and we were chosen “Thematic Leader”
of Renewable Energies, responsible for defining the technological Roadmap and its priorities.
• We lead the group Connect-EU Energy, with more than 100 related entities, which aims to
promote at the European institutions the R&D of Catalonia and get to increase return of
European funding to Catalan companies.
• We are developing the ZÈFIR Test Station Project, an experimental offshore wind project.
• On 2012 we published 69 articles on scientific peer-reviewed journals, with an average impact
factor of 3,49.
• On 2012 we started the first Master on Onshore and Offshore Wind Power of Catalonia
between the University Rovira i Virgili (Tarragona) and IREC (600h.)
• We organize annually the Conference “Barcelona Global Energy Challenges”, in
collaboration with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT.
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We at the IREC know we are part of a project for the future oriented towards
generating scientific knowledge and participating in the technological development
of the energy sector in an environment of excellence. We are already a 115 people team
from which 37 are PhD.
TEAM
INDEX
1. IREC Introduction
2. Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities
3. The Smart City Energy Vision
RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL AREAS
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• Advanced Materials
• Functional Nanomaterials
• Catalysis
• Materials for Solar Systems
• Nanoionics and Fuel Cells
• Energy Storage and Harvesting
• Bioenergy and Biofuels
• Thermochemical Conversion
• Biorefinery and Microalgae
Research Units
• Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities
• NZEB (Net Zero Energy Buildings and Communities)
• Integration of Renewables.
• Smart Grids and Microgrids
• Green IT
• Electric Mobility
• Lighting
• Economic analysis and regulation
• Offshore Wind Energy
• Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity
• Electric Machines and Control Systems
• Grid Integration
• Wind resource assessment at see
• Project “ZÈFIR Test Station”
Technological Development Units
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Thermal Energy and Buildings
Member of the IEA SHC Task 40 – ECBCS Annex 52 “Towards Net Zero Energy Solar Buildings”
Principal lines of work:
• Energy Efficiency applied to:
• Thermal processes of the industry
• Optimization of centralized generation systems
• Use of residual heat
•Buildings: minimizing a building’s energy demand
through design, efficient use and integrating
renewable energy technology to meet the power
demand.
TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Group leader: Dr. Jaume Salom
Objective:
Improving bioclimatic design, applying innovative measures for improved energy
efficiency and integrating renewable energy systems.
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BUILDING and GREEN IT
Policy
Analysis Simulation
&
Optimization
Experiments
&
Validation
Rers
era
ch lin
e Buildings & Communities
Green IT
Industry
MARIE (Med)
NZEB (IEA)
Green@Hospitals (CIP-PSP)
AIDA (IEE)
KIC MTT micro CHP
TRIBUTE (*) (FP7-NMP)
COOLEMALL (FP7-ICT)
RENEWIT (*) (FP7-ICT)
KIC EFINDPRO
AIDA (IEE)
Semi-virtual method: Operation of real equipment
according to the behaviour of a building/system computer
model to emulate real dynamic conditions.
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SEILAB
Semi-virtual Energy Integration Laboratory
Virtual system-model Energy loadings
User behaviour
Building occupancy and use
Weather conditions
Thermal/electrical components
Real system-laboratory HVAC equipment
Renewable energy systems
Heat Pumps, Microturbines, Fuel cells
Energy management systems
Heat pump
Hydraulic system for DHW
Photovoltaic cell
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Semi-virtual Energy Integration Laboratory (SEILAB)
Possibilities for collaboration
• Direct contracts for equipment testing, development of
technical solutions, improvement of systems, etc.
• Partnership for national / international R&D projects:
EU, KIC-EIT, Horizon 2020
• Donation of equipment for expanding the laboratory
structure
• Shared developments for new products
COMPLEX INTEGRATION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS:
NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGS
Load match and grid interaction indexes
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One of the most important features that LMGI indicators may grasp
is the flexibility of a building.
NZEB & Communities
Semi-detailed model – Two different dwellings
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Stochastic Models for cluster of buildings: electric load
0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
En
erg
y C
on
sum
ptio
n (
kW
h)
Hours
Mean Dwelling
Dwelling-A
Dwelling-B
kWh Mean A B
Annual 2783 2203 3606
Max 0.9 1.4 2.5
Nº Equip. - 6 12
Green@Hospital
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Web-based energy management system for the
optimization of the energy consumption in hospitals http://www.greenhospital-project.eu/
• Objectives:
•To obtain energy savings in existing hospitals through integrating the latest ICT
solutions
• To develop a standard energy benchmarking model for hospitals
• To develop and implement a Web-EMCS
• To develop and implement control algorithms for energy use optimization
• Calendar: from 01/03/2012 to 01/03/2015
• Coordination: Loccioni / AEA Partners: 11 from 4 countries
•Call: CIP/PSP
RenewIT
IT Management. Green
Management Algorithms
Cloud
Middleware
for VM
Optimisatio
n of the VM
placement
Energy Concepts
Renewable
Heat
Energy
Efficiency
Free cooling
Solar cooling
Tri-generation
Photovoltaics
Heat Pumps
DH&C Network
connection
Inte
gra
tion
of
Energ
y S
yste
ms
Monitoring and Metrics
High Performance (HP)
System for HP DC.
Integration of improvement on
standards on green IT
Ad
van
ced
En
erg
y M
od
ellin
g
Ren
ew
IT T
oo
l
To develop an advanced energy simulation tools for Data Centres capable of modelling a
wide range of novel energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies integrated in urban
systems to improve their energy and environmental performance.
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Objective :
Research and development in the field of electrical
generation from renewable energy sources, with
emphasis in wind and solar PV, grid integration,
“smart grids”, micro grids and electric mobility.
Principal lines of work:
• Power Systems Engineering
• Electrical Machines and Power Electronics
• Control, Automation and Communication
• Energy Markets and Regulation
Electricity and Power Grids
TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Area Manager: Manel Sanmartí
Research fields of the EERA-IREC
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Microgrid
Emulation power source
Microgrid
Renewable power source
DC
400V AC 400V AC
400V AC
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1200
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Solar irradiation
Data table
Measurements
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1200
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Generated power
Power to the microgrid
EMULATION CONCEPT
COMPLETE IREC’S MICROGRID
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MicroGrid technologies: emulated and real systems
3 x Wind emulators (SCIM) & real
generator DFIG-PMSG-SCIG (5.5 &5.5 kVA)
Fly Wheel5 kW
Generation
Storage
Load
Io-Li Batery
5 kW & 20 kWh
Ultracaps 5 kVA & 55 Wh
@ 400V 5 kVA Storage /Generation/Load
Lineal loads15 kW
200 KVA GRID Emulator Frequency control,
amplitude, harmonics,
unbalances, voltage
dropps, flicker
AC/DC operation
Islanded/Grid connected
Creating cluster of MICROGRIDS
Some research lines:
•Wide area measurements: applied to multiple microgrids in regional power grids
•Protection of microgrids: early detection of power grid faults, allowing future isolation of
microgrids
•Control of multiple microgrids: integration of measurements and microgrid central controllers
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DEVICES and DER
CONTROL &
MANAGEMENT METERING &
COMMUNICATIONS
KIC – Active
Subestations
SMART GRIDS PROJECTS AT IREC
KIC – Instinct
KIC – Smart Power
DER IREC 22@
MIcrogrids
VERDE PREEMPTIVE
IDEAL
Charge&Ride
SmartGrid ZFB
Smart City
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• Green eMotion
• FP7 Programme
• REVE
• Spanish Government
• IVECAT
• Catalan Government
• Optimal location of fast charging stations in BCN
• Internal Project
Power system
• VERDE
• CENIT Programme
• V2M (Vehicle 2 Microgrid)
• ENDESA
• SURTIDOR
• AVANZA 2 Programme
• FASTPLAN
Charging facilities
• Retrofit HYBRID – TMB
• NUCLIS Programme
• Life cycle analysis
• Internal Project
• SAPIENS/SAFARI
• FP7
Electric vehicles
Electromobility projects As one of the most promising alternatives for increasing transport energy efficiency and
reducing its environmental impact, electromobility has become one of the main strategic
research activities within IREC with several projects along the entire value chain.
Green eMotion Project
Data collection main results
Public access 68.4% installed
28.4% uses
Household 8.5% installed
31.2% uses
Office parking 20.6% installed
40.4% uses
Average charge duration (IC95%(m))
Average charge consumption (IC95%(m))
Charge infrastructure use
18:00
5:59
Others 2.5% installed
E F
75% EV run up
to 52km between
charges
When starting a
charging process
the average battery
level is 60.46% SOC (CI95%(mSOC) = [60.22%,
60.69%]).
EV driver behaviour
46.5% of the vehicles are used for business; among
them, the 99.5% belong to private companies.
The second category in terms of frequency is the
captive fleet with a 31.98% of the vehicles and, among
them, the 50% belong to private companies and 42.1%
to municipalities.
Data collection – final results (draft version)
FASTPLAN Optimal location of fast charging stations
The aim of this project is to find the optimal location of EV fast
charging stations by means of two methodologies:
o applying a classical flow-refueling planning model,
o and simulating an entry game of strategic interactions.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Po
rcen
taje
acu
mu
lad
o
Po
rcen
taje
po
r #
ele
ctro
line
ra
Porcentaje suministrado por # electrolinera Modelo 1
Porcentaje suministrado por # electrolinera Modelo 2
Porcentaje acumulado Modelo 1
Porcentaje acumulado Modelo 2
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Lighting
Objective:
To develop energy-efficient lighting solutions from the scientific and technological
research and the demonstrative projects, based on:
Research Areas:
• Materials and innovative concepts
• Intelligent lighting (control systems)
• Photometry, Color and Human Factors
Transverse Knowledge:
• Simulation: optical and thermal design, electrical modeling
• Prototyping: electronics and optical design
TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Group leader: Dr. Josep Carreras
Materials for Lighting
Intelligent Lighting
Light measurement
LIGHTELLIGENCE
ACC1Ó / GENERALITAT
ECOE
INNPACTO
MINECO
LED4ART
EU CIP
HILED
FP7 ICT 11
AMALIE
MINECO
SILENCE
MINECO
INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS
CURRENT PROJECTS
DEAL
EU KIC INNOENERGY
THE LIGHTELLIGENCE CONCEPT
LIGHTING GROUP FACILITIES
• Laboratory of Photonics & Optoelectronics
• Laboratory of Photometry, Colorimetry and Human Factors
• Simulation and HPC (High Performance Computing) Lab
• Intelligent Lighting / Daylighting Laboratory
• Lightroom: Our demonstration and testing space
LED and small
luminaries
50 cm of diameter
Medium and large sized
Luminaries
2 m of diameter
Goniophotometer for LEDs
and small lamps
INDEX
1. IREC Introduction
2. Energy Efficiency: Systems, Buildings and Communities
3. The Smart City Energy Vision
42