Embedding and Sketching Non-normed spaces Alexandr Andoni (MSR)
Energy Efficiency in Housing for Sustainable Development · Energy Efficiency in Housing for...
Transcript of Energy Efficiency in Housing for Sustainable Development · Energy Efficiency in Housing for...
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Energy Efficiency in Housing for Sustainable Development
Doris Andoni MSc. National Housing Agency
Workshop, 7 – 8 July Tirana
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WHY DOES IT MATER? Energy Efficiency in the housing sector
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Buildings are responsible for:
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Buildings are reponsible
5-10% of national employment
10% of global GDP
24% of global CO2 emissions
40% of global energy consumption
60% of global electricity use
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Energy efficiency is the greatest energy source
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Energy efficiency
improvements Energy savings
Energy security
Industry productivity
Climate change
mitigation
Development goals
Resource management
Public budget
More investm
ents
Market & social benefit
Job creation Asset
value
Consumer surplus
Poverty allevitation
Opportunities
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Reduction of GHG emission 20%
Increase RES by 20%
100%
Reduce energy consumption by 20%
-20% Actual level
compared to the objective
2020
EU policies- “20-20-20 up to 2020”
20% Actual level
compared to the objective
2020
-10% Actual level
compared to the objective
2020
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• Targeting the Building sector, which consume 40% of energy;
• Policies to address the affordability; • Some measures of the Action Plan:
– Reduction of VAT for civil works, appliances, etc.; – All houses built according to the “passive” model
after 2011; – All houses with “passive” heating/cooling after
2008(?)
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• Mandatory 1.5 % savings yearly • Energy audits carried out in an inde-pendent
manner • 3% of public buildings to be renovated yearly • Final consumers are pro-vided with individual
meters • Billing to be accurate and based on actual
consumption
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The case of Albania – Some data
Age of the housing stock
Before ‘60 1961-1990 1991-2011 Don’t know
Total 7% 24% 39% 30%
Tirana 6% 15% 57% 23%
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Ownership: 99% private; 0,12% municipal housing
83% 87% 93% 90%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2001 2011 2001 2011
tirana Total
Owing or in process Renting Other/Not paying any rent
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Tirana Total In good condition 35.7% 25.6% Adequate for habitation 56.0% 63.7% Inadequate for habitation 8.1% 10.6%
In construction (2008) 0.2% 0.1% Total 100.0% 100.0%
Condition of the housing stock
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11% 8.50%
89% 91.50%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Tirana Total
Houses renovated since January 2004
Yes No
Houses renovated
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23%
40%
17%
7%
10% 3% Prodhimi i Ujit te
ngrohte
Ngrohja/freskimi
Gatimi
Ndricimi
Paisjet elektrike
Te tjera
Energy consumption
Source: Co-Plan Photo: D. Andoni
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New housing developments • Low demand for EE housing • Low capacities to
implement and/or enforce the law
• Lack of: – Building code and standards – Energy efficiency standards – Training and capacity building
Existing housing stock • HOA non active • Housing stock needs serious
improvements • Lack of:
– Financial resources – Incentives – Information – Awareness – Capacities – Regulations
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Work in parallel • All new houses should be
energy efficient: – Adapt and adopt Eurocodes – Need for a basis for
construction and engineering contract specifications
– Avoid speculation with the terminology (EE)
• Develop policies for retrofitting the existing housing stock
• Incentives for HO • Pilot projects that engage
HO and stimulate their demand
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NHA is a self-financing, state enterprise, established in 1993 Its mission is to provide affordable housing
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• 2014 – projects for low-cost and energy efficient housing in 6 cities
• More than 300 apartments to be built between 2014 – 2016
• Typology of housing to be revised
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• Lack of regulations and standards for EE
• Lack of expertize
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• Housing sector has a great potential for saving energy
• There are legal, financial and institutional barriers
• Building code and standards should be developed
• Incentives to stimulate demand for EE housing