ENERGY EFFICIENCY AWARENESS SEMINAR 2010 Building Code of Australia Regulatory Measures

DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING

www.nt.gov.au

ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY

AWARENESS SEMINAR AWARENESS SEMINAR

20102010

Building Code of AustraliaBuilding Code of AustraliaRegulatory MeasuresRegulatory Measures

Commencing 1 May 2010Commencing 1 May 2010

www.nt.gov.auDEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND PLANNING

PURPOSE• To provide an overview of the changes to the energy efficiency provisions in the Building Code of Australia 2010 (NT variation)

• On 1st May 2010, energy efficiency requirements will be increased: – New homes & extensions (Class I and 10

buildings) will move from 3.5 stars to 5 stars equivalent

– Apartments/flats and caretakers residences (Class 2 and 4 buildings) will move from currently no stars to 3.5 stars equivalent


CONTENT• Background

• Building Code of Australia structure

• Session 1 - Energy efficiency measures for houses and garages

• Break

• Session 2 - Energy efficiency measures for apartments, flats and caretaker’s residences


BACKGROUND• For housing - NT adopted 3.5 star measures in 2003

• BCA 2005 introduced 3.5 stars apartments and flats

• BCA 2006 increased the stringency to 5 Stars

• The NT is now adopting 5 star as 1 May 2010

• COAG proposed new 6 star provisions and increased stringency for commercial buildings for BCA 2010

– Territory has not adopted

– Further consideration after 5 star commences


Building SolutionBuilding Solution

Performance RequirementsPerformance Requirements

Functional StatementFunctional Statement

ObjectiveObjective

Alternative SolutionAlternative SolutionDTS ProvisionsDTS Provisions

Guidance

Mandatory

Methods of achieving compliance

Documentary EvidenceDocumentary Evidence

Verification Method Verification Method

Expert Judgement Expert Judgement

Comparative Analysis Comparative Analysis

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BCA HIERARCHY


5 STAR ENERGY5 STAR ENERGYEFFICIENCY PROVISIONSEFFICIENCY PROVISIONS

BCA VOLUME TWOBCA VOLUME TWO

HOUSESHOUSES


BUILDING CODE OF AUSTRALIAOBJECTIVE

The Object is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by efficiently using energy

FUNCTIONAL STATEMENTTo reduce greenhouse gas emissions, a building, including its domestic services, is to be capable of efficiently using energy

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTA building and its domestic services must have a level of thermal performance and features to facilitate the efficient use of energy for artificial heating and cooling appropriate to the function and use of the building etc………….


ZONES APPLICABLE

NEWOLD

Climate zone 1 Climate zone 1

Climate zone 3Climate zone 3


BCA VOLUME TWO SCOPEFive distinct aspects addressed:

1. Building Fabric• Thermal Insulation• Roof• External Walls• Floors

2. Glazing

3. Building Sealing

4. Air Movement

5. Domestic Services


THERMAL INSULATION• Comply with AS/NZS 4859.1

• Needs to abut or overlap adjoining insulation

• Needs to form a continuous thermal barrier

• Abuts supporting members such as rafters, purlins, noggings, joists and the like

• Must be installed so as to not affect the safe and effective operation of a domestic service or fitting


BCA EXPLANATORY INFORMATION

The BCA & Guide contain explanatory informationon possible increased risk if inappropriate solutions are chosen by designers or builders.

These include:

• Fire resulting from insulation being close to downlights

• Condensation damage (See CSIRO & DEWHA publications)

• Plaster sagging under the weight of insulation & lights


• R-Value or material R-Value is the thermal resistance of an individual building material or component

• Total R-Value is the sum of all the R-Values of individual components in a composite building assembly e.g. roof

THERMAL INSULATIONPRINCIPLE OF R-VALUES


• R-Value or material R-Value is the thermal resistance of an individual building material or component

• Total R-Value is the sum of all the R-Values of individual components in a composite building assembly e.g. roof

THERMAL INSULATION

R-Valueor material

R-Value

Total R-Value

PRINCIPLE OF R-VALUES


• Thermal break - A thermal break restricts the conductance of heat via metal framing members of:– Roofs

– Walls

THERMAL INSULATION

Lining

Insulation

Cladding

Metal frame

Heat transfer area

PRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK


THERMAL INSULATIONPRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK

• Thermal break - A thermal break restricts the conductance of heat via metal framing members of:– Roofs

– Walls Lining

InsulationCladding

Metal frame

Heat transfer area

Thermal break


THERMAL INSULATIONPRINCIPLE OF THERMAL BREAK

Thermal breaks for Roofs and Walls can be:

– Timber - Minimum 20mm thick OR

– Expanded polystyrene strips - 12mm thick OR

– Compressed bulk insulation providing a minimum R-Value of 0.2


ROOFS

Current New

3.5 Star 5.0 Star

Total R-Value 2.2 Total R-Value 2.7

Total R-Value is increased by 0.5

CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION


Location of insulationInsulation can be added at the roof sheeting level or ceiling level or a combination of both

ConcessionsThe Total R-Value of a roof may be reduced by 0.5 for each:• Light Coloured Roof - The dwelling has a light coloured roof

installed e.g. zincalume, galvanised, light grey, off white, light cream or the like

• Ventilated Roof Space - The design of the dwelling has: - a pitched roof; and- a flat ceiling; and - a ventilated roof space

ROOFS


Required Total R-Value 2.7

Light coloured roof concession - 0.5

Ventilated pitched roof concession - 0.5

Adjusted Total R-Value = 1.7

ROOFS


DOWNLIGHTS & EXHAUST FANS

• Ceiling insulation must comply with the minimum clearances as specified by the wiring rules

ROOFS

AS

/NZ

S 3

00

0 e

xtra

ct


• The minimum clearances as specified by the wiring rule will result in a loss of insulation

• A reduction of the area of insulation that does not exceed 1% of the ceiling area requires no change

• A reduction that exceeds 1% requires an increase in the R-Value over the rest of the ceiling as per the BCA

ROOFSDOWN LIGHTS AND EXHAUST FANS


ROOFSDOWN LIGHTS AND EXHAUST FANS


ROOF LIGHTS

• Roof lights area:

– If 1.5% of room floor area - no requirements(no change)

– Can now go up to 10% of room floor area BUT

• Cannot exceed 3% of the floor area of the storey (no change)

• Increase thermal performance depending upon size of each roof light & length of light shaft

ROOFS


ROOF LIGHTS

ROOFS

Shaft diameter O

Ceiling level

Roof cladding

Roof light Shaft

1/2

1/2

Roof light

Shaft length L

Roof light shaft index = L O

• Desirable outcome:– Long shaft OR– Small diameter OR– Higher performing

roof lights


SUMMARY

• Increase of 0.5 in Total R-Value

• Light coloured & ventilated roof concessions

• Thermal break requirements

• Higher R-Value ceiling insulation where downlights and exhaust fans exceed 1%

• Increased stringency of roof lights

ROOFS


EXTERNAL WALLS

Current New

3.5 Star 5.0 Star

Total R-Value 1.4 Total R-Value 1.9

This is an increase in the total R-value of 0.5



Solutions for climate zone 1:

• Insulate to Total R-Value of 1.9

– Reduce to R1.4 with slab-on-ground

• Shading options

– For sheet cladding construction

– For high mass walls (not less than220 kg/m2)

EXTERNAL WALLS


Sheet cladding (metal, cement, weather board):

• Reflective insulation e.g. reflective foil laminate, foil bonded to batts or the like AND

• Slab-on-ground AND

• Shading at 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch)

EXTERNAL WALLS SHADING OPTIONS - CLIMATE ZONE 1 ONLY


Masonry with not less than 220 kg/m2 of wall:

• Nth & Sth orientation 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch)

• All other orientations 45° projected from the floor (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 2000mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch)

EXTERNAL WALLS SHADING OPTIONS - CLIMATE ZONE 1 ONLY

NORTH SECTOR

NORTH EAST SECTOR

EAST SECTOR

SOUTH SECTOR

SOUTH WEST SECTOR

WEST SECTOR

NORTH WEST SECTOR

SOUTH EAST SECTOR

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NORTH SECTOR

NORTH EAST SECTOR

EAST SECTOR

SOUTH SECTOR

SOUTH WEST SECTOR

WEST SECTOR

NORTH WEST SECTOR

SOUTH EAST SECTOR

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North & South only

EXTERNAL WALLS

E, W, NE, SE, NW & SWNORTH SECTOR

NORTH EAST SECTOR

EAST SECTOR

SOUTH SECTOR

SOUTH WEST SECTOR

WEST SECTOR

NORTH WEST SECTOR

SOUTH EAST SECTOR

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NORTH SECTOR

NORTH EAST SECTOR

EAST SECTOR

SOUTH SECTOR

SOUTH WEST SECTOR

WEST SECTOR

NORTH WEST SECTOR

SOUTH EAST SECTOR

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0°)


EXTERNAL WALLS • Solutions for climate zone 3:

• Insulate to Total R-Value of 1.9

– Reduce to R1.4 with slab-on-ground


• Increase of 0.5 in Total R-value (R1.4 to R1.9)

• Reduced to R1.4 with slab-on-ground

• Other options for climate zone 1:

– Masonry wall: insulate & shade

– Sheet cladding wall: foil,slab-on-ground & shade

• Again, thermal breaks required forsome metal framed walls

SUMMARY

EXTERNAL WALLS


FLOORS

Climate Zones 1 and 3

No insulation requirements


• 3.5 Star glazing was based on % of glazingto floor area with only north consideration

• 5 Star glazing sets an allowance for conductance & solar heat gain taking into account the orientation, floor type & air movement rate

• For compliance there are two calculations (conductance and solar heat gain) which considers each window and glass door; their orientation, thermal performance & shading

GLAZING


• 3.5 Star glazing was also based on generic glass and frame systems whereas 5 Star is based on the glass & frame combined thermal performance

• Also shading which can take the form of an eave, awning, veranda, carport or permanent external shading device e.g. shutters, blinds, screens etc

• The ABCB has developed Glazing calculators (Excel 2003 & 2007) to assist in performing the calculations and determining compliance

GLAZING


GLAZINGIMPORTANT TERMINOLOGY

Solar Heat gain

SHGC for clear glazing 0.81SHGC for best glazing 0.21

Conductance

Insulation: R-ValueGlazing: U-ValueU-Value for clear glazing 7.9U-Value for best glazing 2.1

25OC 35OC

http://www.wers.net


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – INITIAL DESIGN


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – WITH LIGHT TINT GLASS


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – WITH WERS SUPER TINT GLASS


BUILDING SEALING

• No change from what is currently required

• Applies to conditioned spaces and requires:

– Roof light being sealed or capable of being sealed

– Openings (including windows and external doors) having edge seals

– Exhaust fans fitted with self closing dampers or a high density filter

– Internal lining systems sealed at all junctions


AIR MOVEMENT• No Change from what is currently required• Habitable rooms to have ventilation openings to

allow air movement to limit artificial cooling• Opening sizes are a percentage of the area of the

habitable room’s floor• Ventilation openings percentages:

– Climate zone 1 15% of floor area without fans

12.5% of floor area with fans– Climate zone 3 12.5% of floor area without fans

7.5% of floor area with fans


Openings providing ventilation to a habitableroom in climate zones 1 & 3 must either:

1. Connect a ventilation opening to another in another room via a breeze path- – passing through not more than two opening in an internal wall each

opening having an area of not less than 1.5 m2; and– have a distance along the breeze path between ventilation

openings of not more than 20m OR

2. Provide a minimum of two ventilation openings in the same habitable room-– with each ventilation opening having an area of not less than 25%

of the required area

AIR MOVEMENT


To qualify as a fan it must:• Be permanently fixed to the ceiling• Have a blade rotation diameter of at least 900mm• Have a speed controller

AIR MOVEMENT


SERVICES• No Change from what is currently required

• See AS/NZS 3500.4 or .5:– Cold water supply pipe - insulate last 500mm to achieve

minimum R-Value of 0.3

– Hot water supply pipe - insulate last 500mm to achieve minimum R-value of 0.3

– External pipes from the water heater to primary kitchen sink to achieve a minimum R-Value of 0.3

• Does not apply to Solar hot water heaters in the NT


ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS• So far we have covered the BCA Deemed-to-

Satisfy Provisions. They are one way to comply.

• Alternative ways to comply are:

– A Verification Method: A NatHERS rating of 5 star for the dwelling

– Expert Judgement: Peer review

• Note that the domestic services provisionsstill apply





ObjectiveObjective


Guidance

Mandatory





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ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS

Verification Method: • Computer software - more flexible solution

• NatHERS approved software

• Achieve a 5 star rating

• DEWHA Protocol for Assessor Accrediting Organisations

• No NT registration

• AccuRate Training in April


ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS

Expert Judgement:

• Free running houses

• Queensland Peer Review Process

• NT recognition of Queensland Experts

• Private contractual arrangements


www.nt.gov.au

END OF SESSION 1 - HOUSINGEND OF SESSION 1 - HOUSING

ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?

www.nt.gov/lands/building


3.5 STARS3.5 STARS ENERGY ENERGYEFFICIENCY PROVISIONSEFFICIENCY PROVISIONS

SESSION 2 - SESSION 2 - BCA VOLUME ONEBCA VOLUME ONE

APARTMENTS, FLATS AND APARTMENTS, FLATS AND CARETAKER’S RESIDENCECARETAKER’S RESIDENCE


BCA VOLUME ONE SCOPEEight distinct aspects addressed:

1. Building Fabric (similar items to Housing)2. Glazing (similar to Housing)3. Building Sealing (similar to Housing)4. Air Movement (similar to Housing)5. Air-Conditioning & Ventilation6. Artificial Light & power7. Hot Water Supply (similar to Housing)8. Access for Maintenance


NEW CONCEPTENVELOPE

Envelope means the parts of a building’s fabric that separate aconditioned space or habitable room from— (a) the exterior of the building; or(b) a non-conditioned space including—

(i) the floor of a rooftop plant room, lift-machine room etc and(ii) the floor above a carpark or warehouse and(iii) the common walls with a carpark, warehouse or the like,

other than a non-conditioned space through which conditionedair is being exhausted or relieved such as an internal corridor,cleaner’s room, chemical storage room or exhaust riser.

i.e. the envelope is the boundary of the “conditioned” space


NEW CONCEPTENVELOPE

Plan

Plant room

Bedroom

Apartment Two

Ensuite

Access stair

Apartment One

EnsuiteStair

Plant room

Apartment 1

Apartment 2

Car park

Elevation


THERMAL INSULATION

• Same as Volume Two:

• Testing Standard

• Installation

• Thermal breaks


ROOFS

Total R-Value

Roof or ceiling generally 2.2

Roof of a light colour ( reduction of R0.5) 1.7

Ceiling below a non-conditioned space 1.1


Plant room

Apartment 1

Apartment 2

Car park


DOWNLIGHTS & EXHAUST FANS

• No requirement for apartments, flats and caretaker’s residences under BCA

ROOFS


ROOF LIGHTS

ROOFS

• Same as Volume Two

Shaft diameter O

Ceiling level

Roof cladding

Roof light Shaft

1/2

1/2

Roof light

Shaft length L

Roof light shaft index = L O

• Desirable outcome:– Long shaft OR– Small diameter OR– Higher performing

roof lights


SUMMARY

• Total R-Values for roofs R2.2

• Total R-Values for internal ceilings undernon-conditioned spaces R1.1

• Thermal break

• Roof lights

ROOFS


WALLS CLIMATE ZONE 1 & 3 INSULATION

Solutions:

(a) External wall that is part of an envelope, insulateto a Total R-Value of 1.4 OR

(b) Shade external wall to 15° projected from the floor to underside of eave or gutter (e.g. 2360mm wall height will require a min 750mm overhang based on a 22° roof pitch)

• South facing wall exemption below Tennant Creek


• If external and part of an envelope:

– Total R-value of 1.4 OR

– Shade

• Thermal break

SUMMARY

WALLS


FLOORS • Climate Zones 1 and 3 insulation

– No requirements generally

– Only if a floor heating or floor cooling system installed


• Same calculations as Housing

• Fewer combinations than Housing e.g. floor type

• Only need to calculate the glazing for each “unique” apartment

• Glazing calculators available(Excel 2003 & 2007)

GLAZING

√

√√

√√

√


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – BASE CASE


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING


GLAZINGEXAMPLE – WITH WORST CASE TINTING & 200 mm PROJECTION


BUILDING SEALING

• The same as Housing

• Plus a self-closing door, airlock, revolving door or the like at the main entrance leading to a conditioned space– Exemptions include:

• a conditioned space with afloor area of not more than 50 m2 OR

• a café, restaurant, open front shop or the like with a 3 m deep un-conditioned zone and door closers elsewhere

Conditioned space > 50m2

Conditioned space > 50m2


AIR MOVEMENT

• The same as Housing

– Air movement

– Ventilation openings (for low rise)

– Ceiling fans & evaporative coolers

Plus

• May reduce opening area progressively up the building


AIR-CONDITIONING & VENTILATION

• All air-conditioning and ventilating systems: – Shut-down controls– Outdoor air economy cycle (large units in climate

zone 3)– Closing of system dampers on shut-down– Insulate ductwork, heating & chilling pipework– Limit re-heat (not in a SOU)– Limit the amount of outside air to no more than

50% above the BCA Section F requires


AIR-CONDITIONING & VENTILATION

– A maximum fan & pump power allowance

– Time clocks (not for systems of individual apartments)

– Variable speed chilled water & hot water pumps

– Minimum efficiency of:• Central boilers• Refrigerant chillers• Heat rejection plant• Large package air-conditioning units

• All air-conditioning and ventilating systems:

Note: Most requirements do not apply to small package units serving individual apartments


ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING & POWER

• Only in common areas of an apartment building (e.g. foyer, corridors, lounge areas, gym etc):

• Internal provisions include:

– Individual light switches

– A maximum lamp power allowance

– Common area bathrooms etc – high efficiency lamps

– Internal display lighting separate switching & time clocked


ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING & POWER

• External lighting provisions include:

– If for movement:

• Be control by daylight sensor or time clock

AND

• Be efficient or motion detector controlled

– If for decorative purposes, be separately time switched


HOT WATER SUPPLY• Same as for Housing

ACCESS FOR MAINTENANCE• Does not apply


ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS• So far we have covered the BCA Deemed-to-

Satisfy Provisions. They are one way to comply.• Alternative ways to comply are:

– A NatHERS rating:• Each residence - 3 stars minimum• All residences - 3.5 stars average

• Note that the servicesprovisions still apply





ObjectiveObjective


Guidance

Mandatory





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www.nt.gov.au

END OF SESSION 2END OF SESSION 2

APARTMENTS, FLATS & APARTMENTS, FLATS & CARETAKER’S RESIDENCESCARETAKER’S RESIDENCES

ANY QUESTIONS?ANY QUESTIONS?www.nt.gov/lands/building


www.nt.gov.au

ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY

AWARENESS SEMINAR AWARENESS SEMINAR

20102010

Building Code of AustraliaBuilding Code of AustraliaRegulatory MeasuresRegulatory Measures

Commencing 1 May 2010Commencing 1 May 2010

ENERGY EFFICIENCY AWARENESS SEMINAR 2010 Building Code of Australia Regulatory Measures

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