Energy Conversion 14

8/20/2019 Energy Conversion 14

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ENERGY CONVERSION ONE

(Course 25741)

CHAPTER SIX

…. Synchronous Motor Starting


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STARTING SYNCHRONOUS

MOTORS

1 – Starting by Reducing Eectrica !re"uency

• If sttor ! rotte t "o# e$ou%& s'ee t&ere#*"" +e $o 'ro+"e, for rotor to --e"erte . #*"""o-/ *$ #*t& sttor

• S'ee of !S t&e$ -$ +e *$-rese %ru""0 to$or," 5 or H3

• S&ort-o,*$% &o# to 'ro*e r*+"ee"e-tr*-" fre6ue$-0 sour-e t&*s $ees e*-te %e$ertor

• T&*s re6u*re,e$t *s o+*ous"0 *,'r-t*-"


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MOTORS

• To0 (s es-r*+e *$ -& 8) re-t*f*er9*$erter . -0-"o-o$erter -$ +e use to -o$ert -o$st$t fre6ue$-0 to $0 es*reout'ut fre6ue$-0

• :*t& ,oer$ so"*9stte r*+"e fre6ue$-0 r*e '-/%es *t *s'erfe-t"0 'oss*+"e to -o$t*$uous"0 -o$tro" e"e-tr*-" fre6ue$-0''"*e to ,otor fro, fr-t*o$ of H3 u' to $ +oe rtefre6ue$-0

• If su-& r*+"e9fre6ue$-0 r*e u$*t *$-"ue *$ ,otor9-o$tro"-*r-u*t to -&*ee s'ee -o$tro" t&e$ strt*$% s0$ ,otor *s er0es0

• :&e$ s0$ Motor o'erte t s'ee "o#er t&$ rte s'ee *ts *$ter$" %e$erte o"t%e E A; #*"" +e s,""er t&$$or,"

• . If E A reu-e o"t%e ''"*e to ,otor ,ust reu-e to /ee'sttor -urre$t t sfe "ee"s

• Vo"t%e *$ $0 r*+"e9fre6ue$-0 r*e (or r*+"e9fre6ue$-0strter --t) ,ust r0 rou%&"0 "*$er"0 #*t& ''"*e fre6ue$-0


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MOTORS

#$ Starting %ith an E&terna Pri'e Mo(er

• Att-&*$% $ e?ter$" ,otor to *t to +r*$% s0$ M-&*$e

u' to fu"" s'ee

• T&e$ s0$ M-&*$e +e 'r""e"e #*t& *ts 'o#ers0ste, s %e$ertor

• No# strt*$% ,otor -$ +e et-&e fro, ,-&*$e

s&ft t&e$ *ts s"o# o#$• !R f"" +e&*$ !$et . ,-&*$e -&$%e *ts ,oe to +e

,otor

• O$-e 'r""e"*$% -o,'"ete s0$ Motor -$ +e "oe

o#$ *$ $ or*$r0 fs&*o$


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MOTORS

• S*$-e strt*$% ,otor s&ou" oer-o,e *$ert* of s0$

,-&*$e #*t&out "o . strt*$% ,otor -$ &e

,u-& s,""er rt*$%

• s*$-e ,ost s0$ ,otors &e +rus&"ess e?-*tt*o$s0ste,s ,ou$te o$ t&e*r s&ft ofte$ t&ese e?-*ters

-$ +e use s strt*$% ,otors

• @or ,$0 ,e*u,9s*3e to "r%e s0$ ,otors $

e?ter$" strt*$% ,otor or strt*$% +0 us*$% e?-*ter ,0

+e t&e o$"0 'oss*+"e so"ut*o$ +e-use t&e -o$$e-te

'o#er s0ste, sour-e ,0 $ot +e +"e to fee t&e

re6u*re strt*$% -urre$t for ,ort*sseur #*$*$% ($e?t)


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MOTORS

)$ Starting by *sing A'ortisseur %indings

• ,ost 'o'u"r ,et&o *s to e,'"o0 ,ort*sseur or

,'er #*$*$%

• r,ort*sseur #*$*$%s re s'e-*" +rs "* *$to$ot-&es -re *$ f-e of s0$ ,otors rotor . t&e$

s&orte out o$ e-& e$ +0 "r%e s&ort*$% r*$%

• 'o"e f-e s&o#$ *$ $e?t s"*e• To u$erst$ #&t set of ,ort*sseur #*$*$%s

oes *$ s0$ ,otor e?,*$e s"*e$t 2 'o"e rotor

s&o#$ $e?t


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MOTORS

• S*,'"*f*e *%r, of s"*e$t 2 'o"e ,-&*$e

• Not #0 $or,"

,-&*$es #or/ 9&o#eer *""ustrte reso$

for *ts ''"*-t*o$


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MOTORS

• Assu,e *$*t*""0 ,*$ rotor f*e" #*$*$% *s

*s-o$$e-te . t&t 8 '&se set of o"t%es ''"*e

to sttor

• ssu,e #&e$ 'o#er *s f*rst ''"*e t t; !S *sert*-" s s&o#$ . s !S s#ee's "o$% *$ -ou$ter9

-"o-/#*se *re-t*o$ *t *$u-es o"t%e *$ +rs of

,ort*sseur #*$*$%

• e*$;( ? !) "

;e"o-*t0 of +r re"t*e to !

!;,%$et*- f"u? e$s*t0 e-tor

";"e$%t& of -o$u-tor ,%$et*- f*e"


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MOTORS

• Bee"o',e$t of u$**re-t*o$" tor6ue #*t&

s0$ Motor ,ort*sseur #*$*$%s


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MOTORS• 19 t t;

!rs t to' of rotor ,o*$% to r*%&t re"t*e to ,%$et*- f*e" ofsttor so *$u-e o"t%e *s out of '%e

• A$ s*,*"r"0 *$u-e o"t%e *$ +otto, +rs *$to '%e

• Vo"t%es 'rou-e -urre$t f"o# out of to' +rs . *$to +otto,+rs t&erefore t&*s #*$*$% (+rs) ,%$et*- f*e" !# 'o*$t*$% tor*%&t

• E,'"o0*$% *$u-e tor6ue e6ut*o$• T*$;/ !: ? !S

• B*re-t*o$ of resu"t*$% tor6ue o$ +rs (. rotor) -ou$ter-"o-/#*se

29 t t;124 s

!S $o# rotte D #&*"e rotor &s +re"0 ,oe (s*,'"0 -$$ot s'ee u' *$ s&ort t*,e) s*$-e *s *$ 'r""e" #*t& ! $o

*$u-e o"t%e . -urre$t *s 3ero


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MOTORS

89 t t;112 s

• sttor ,%$et*- f*e" rotte D $ *so#$#r $ rotor st*"" $ot ,oe

• I$u-e o"t%e *$ ,'*$% #*$*$% out of'%e *$ +otto, +rs . *$to '%e *$ to' +rs

• Resu"t*$% -urre$t "so out of '%e *$ +otto,

+rs . *$to '%e t to' +rs #&*-& -use !: 'o*$t*$% to "eft

• I$u-e tor6ue T*$;/!: ? !S

*s -ou$ter-"o-/#*se


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MOTORS

49 t t;824 s• Here s t;124 *$u-e tor6ue *s 3ero• Note ur*$% t&ese four ste's so,et*,es tor6ue *s

-ou$ter-"o-/#*se . so,et*,es 3ero &o#eer "#0s u$**re-t*o$" $ t&e $et *s $o$3ero ,otor s'ee u' • A"t&ou%& rotor s'ee u' $eer re-& s0$ S'ee• S*$-e *f rotor tur$ t s0$ S'ee t&ere #ou" +e $o

re"t*e ,ot*o$ +et#ee$ rotor $ !S -o$se6ue$t"0*$u-e o"t%e $ 'ss*$% -urre$t *$ +rs 3ero $$o tor6ue #*"" +e ee"o'e to ,*$t*$ rotor rott*$%&o#eer *t %et -"ose to s0$ S'ee t&e$ re%u"r f*e"-urre$t tur$e o$ $ rotor #*"" 'u"" *$to ste' #*t&

sttor ,%$et*- f*e"s


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MOTORS•

I$ Re" M-&*$es f*e" #*$*$%s $ot o'e$9-*r-u*te ur*$%strt*$% 'ro-eure

• If f*e" #*$*$%s #ere OC t&e$ er0 &*%& o"t%es #ou" +e'rou-e ur*$% strt*$%

• If f*e" #*$*$% +e s& --t Bur*$% strt*$% $o $%erous o"t%e

ee"o'e $ *$u-e f*e" -urre$t -o$tr*+ute e?tr tor6ue to,otor

$ Starting +rocedure ,or 'achines -ith a'ortisseur -inding

• 19 *s-o$$e-t f*e" #*$*$%s fro, - 'o#er sour-e . s& T&e,

• 29 ''"0 8 '&se o"t%e to sttor #*$*$% "et rotor --e"erteu' to $er9s0$ S'ee ,otor s&ou" &e $o "o to %et -"oseto $s0$

• 89 -o$$e-t - f*e" -*r-u*t to *ts 'o#er sour-e fter t&*s ,otor%et to s0$ S'ee $ "os t&e$ ,0 +e e to s&ft


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MOTORS•

E,,ects o, A'ortisseur %indings on Motor Stabiity• T&ere *s $ot&er $t%e #&e$ t&ere *s $ r,ort*sseur#*$*$% *e *$-rese ,-&*$e st+*"*t0

• Sttor ,%$et*- f*e" rottes t -o$st$t s'ee $s0$ #&*-&r*es o$"0 #&e$ s0ste, fre6ue$-0 r*es

• If rotor tur$s t $s0$ ,ort*sseur #*$*$% &e $o *$u-eo"t%e• If rotor tur$ s"o#er t&$ $s0$ t&ere #*"" +e re"t*e ,ot*o$

+et#ee$ rotor . !S . o"t%e #*"" +e *$u-e -o$se6ue$t"0-urre$t 'ss $ ,%$et*- f*e" 'rou-e t&t ee"o' tor6ue

#&*-& te$ to s'ee ,-&*$e u' %*$• O$ t&e ot&er &$ *f rotor tur$ fster t&$ !S tor6ue ee"o'to s"o# rotor o#$

• T&ese #*$*$%s ,'e$ out "o or ot&er tr$s*e$ts o$,-&*$e $ t&*s t&e reso$ t&t t&*s #*$*$% $,e B,'*$%

:*$*$%


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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

SUMMARY• Motors $ Ge$ertors

19 s0$ Ge$ E A "*es &e of V= #&*"e for ,otor

E A "*es +e&*$ V=

29 ,-&*$e su''"0*$% F &e E A -os V= (re%r"ess of +e*$%

,otor or %e$ertor) $ ,-&*$e -o$su,*$% re-t*e 'o#er F&s

E A -os V=

Synchronous 'otors co''ony used ,or o- s+eed / high+o-er oads

:&e$ -o$$e-te to 'o#er s0ste, fre6ue$-0 $ ter,*$"o"t%e of s0$ ,otor *s f*?e

$,; $s0$-;12 f e'

J,?;8 V= E A KS

t&*s *s ,?*,u, 'o#er of ,-&*$e $ *f e?-eee ,otor s"*''o"es


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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

SUMMARY

• J&sor B*%r,s of %e$ert*o$ . -o$su,'t*o$


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SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

SUMMARY

• S0CHR22*S M2T2R RATI3S

• O$e ,Lor *ffere$-e *s t&t "r%e E A %*es

"e*$% J@ *$ste of "%%*$% *$ s0$ Ge$

Energy Conversion 14

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