End of End of ReconstructionReconstruction

Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant• Elected

President in 1868 as a Republican

• Victory made possible by African American votes

Ulysses S. GrantUlysses S. Grant

• 15th Amendment passed to ensure that voting rights not be denied because of race

Blacks take political office Blacks take political office in Southin South

• Blanche Bruce

• First black senator from the state of Mississippi

Southerners curtail civil rights

• Ku Klux Klan –Terrorist group that

intimidated African Americans from exercising their rights

• Black Codes –laws that restricted

the political and economic activities of African Americans.

Southerners curtail civil rights

New Labor New Labor Systems in the Systems in the

SouthSouth

SharecroppingSharecropping

• Former slaves farmed someone else’s land and paid the landowner at least one third of the crop.

SharecroppingSharecropping

• Plantation owners discovered sharecropping was cheaper for them than slavery

Tenant FarmersTenant Farmers

• Former Slaves who used cash to rent farms on plantations

By 1872 the Radical By 1872 the Radical Republicans began to Republicans began to

lose power and control lose power and control of Congress.of Congress.

Election of 1876Election of 1876

• Republican Rutherford B Haynes lost the popular vote to Samuel Tilden

• Electoral College vote was in dispute

Compromise of 1877Compromise of 1877

• Southern Democrats promised to give Haynes their electoral votes if he removed the military from the South

• Haynes agreed and removed all federal troops when he took over as President

Compromise of 1877Compromise of 1877

• Southern Democrats take over the South

• Southern Democrats begin return to national power.

• Reconstruction is over.• The door is open to the “Jim Crow

Era”.