7/25/2019 Endocrineexxx

1/4

Endocrine

Glands

Hormone

Secreted

Chemical

GroupTarget Tissue Action/Response

Hypothalamus

(Produced by

Hypothalamus,

released from posterior

Pituitary)

OxytocinPeptide

Uterus,

Mammary glands

Stimulates Uterine muscle contraction,

release of milk by mammary glands

AntidiureticHormone Peptide Kidneys Stimulates water reabsorption by kidneys

Hypotalamic!releasing and

inibiting ormonesPeptide Anterior Pituitary "egulate anterior pituitary ormones

Pituitary Gland

PosteriorAntidiuretic

Hormone Peptide Kidneys

#onser$es water

#onstricts %lood $essels

Oxytocin Peptide

Uterus,

Mammary glands

increases uterine contractions

&ncrease milk letdown from mammary glan

Anterior'yroid!stimulating

ormone('SH)

*lycoprotein 'yroid gland

&ncrease 'yroid ormonesecretion

('yroxine and 'riiodotyronine)

+uteiniing Hormone(+H)

or interstitial cell!stimulating

ormone (SH)

*lycoprotein

O$ary,

'estis

Promotes o$ulation andprogesterone production in o$ary-

Promotes testosterone syntesis and suppfor sperm cell production in testis

.ollicle!stimulatingormone

(.SH)*lycoprotein

.ollicles in o$aryin females,

Seminiferoustubules in males

Promotes follicle maturation and estrogensecretion

Promotes sperm cell production in testis

Adrenocorticotropicormone(A#'H)

Peptide Adrenal #ortex

&ncreases secretion of glucocorticoidormones

(#ortisol!increases skin pigmentation of iconcentrations)

Melanocyte!stimulating

ormone (MSH)Peptide

Melanocytes inskin

&ncreases melanin production in melanocytto make te skin darker in color

*rowt Hormone Protein

Soft tissues,

bones

&ncreases gene expression, lipid breakdowand release of fatty acids from cells

&ncreases blood glucose le$elsMammary glands, Stimulates milk production and prolongs

7/25/2019 Endocrineexxx

2/4

Nicole Nibshian Dela Rosa Seat #:15

Section: 2G-PHARMACY

7/25/2019 Endocrineexxx

3/4

Endocrine

Glands

Hormone

Secreted

Chemical

Group Target Tissue Action/Response

Thyroid Gland

'yroidHormones

&odinatedAmino acid

All tissues

&ncrease metabolic rates,

/ssential for normal process of growt anmaturation

#alcitonin Peptide%ones, Kidneys,

&ntestine

0ecreases rate of bone breakdown,

Pre$ents large increase in blood #a12 le$efollowing a meal

Parathyroid

Gland

ParatyroidHormone

Peptide %ones, Kidneys,

&ncreases rate of bone breakdown byOsteoclasts,

&ncreases 3itamin 0 Syntesis,

/ssential for maintenance of normal bloodcalcium le$els

Pancreas

Insulin Protein

Especially Liver,

Skeletal muscle,

Adipose tissue

Increases uptake and use of glucose and

amino acids

Glucagon Protein Primary Liver

Increases breakdown of glycogen

Release of glucose into the circulatory syst

Adrenal Glands

Adrenal Medulla

Epinephrine

some

Norepinephrine

Modified

Amino acid

Heart, Blood vessels,

liver, fat cells

Increases cardiac output,

Increases blood flow to skeletal muscles an

heart,

Increases release of glucose and fatty acid

into blood,

(prepares body for physical activity)

Adrenal Cortex

Mineralcorticoids

(aldosterone)Steroid

Kidneys; to lesser

degree,

Intestine and Sweat

glands

Increase rate of sodium transport into bod

Increase rate of potassium excretion,

Secondarily favor water retention

Glucocorticoids

(cortisol)Steroid

Most tissues

(e.g. liver, fat,

skeletal m., immune,

tissues

Increase fat and protein breakdown,

Increase glucose synthesis from amino acid

Increase blood nutrient levels,

Inhibit inflammation and immune respons

Endocrine

Glands

Hormone

Secreted

Chemical

Group

Target Tissue Action/Response

Reproductive

Organs/Gonads

Testes Testosterone Steroid Gonads, Skin

muscle, bones

(most tissues)

Aids in sperm cell production,

maintenance of functional reproductive

organs,

secondary sexual characteristics and sexu

behaviour

Ovaries Estrogens

Progesterone

Steroid Gonads, Skin

muscle, bones

(most tissues)

Aid in uterine and mammary gland

development and function, external genital

structure, secondary sexual characteristics

sexual behaviour, menstrual cycle

Uterus, Ovaries,Inflammed tissues

Prostaglandins Steroid Most tissues Mediate Inflammatory responses,

Increase Uterine contractions and ovulatio

Pineal Gland Melatonin Modified

Amino acid

Brain (hypothalamus) Inhibits secretion of gonadotropin-releasin

hormone (inhibiting reproduction)

Thymus Thymosin Peptide Immune tissues

T Lymphocytes

Promotes immune system development an

function

7/25/2019 Endocrineexxx

4/4