ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

It’s a system that controls every bodily function, It works by sending hormones to certain cells through blood stream

HORMONES

-Are certain chemicals secreted mainly into the blood to stimulate certain cells to function -Hormones regulate the functions of many cells and organs.

Endocrine along with the nervous system work together to maintain balance in the body

There are two types of glands

Exocrine EndocrineHave ductsSecrets through the duct

ductlessSecrets through the blood

Nervous Endocrine** Fast** Stays for a short time** Depends on nerve impulse transmission through neurons** Originates from the receptor cells

** Slow** Lasts for a long time** Depends on hormonal transmission through blood** Originates from the endocrine glands

Nervous Endocrine** Both control certain body organs and tissues** Both rely on chemicals at the beginning

The Hypothalamus

a collection of specialized cells that is located in the lower central part of the brain, is the main link between the endocrine and nervous systems.

Pituitary gland-It is the boss of all glands-It acts as a controlling gland that influences many others.

Gland Hormone Target organs

Effect

adrenal gland

adrenalin vital organs, eg liver and heart

Prepares body for action - 'fight or flight'.

ovary oestrogen ovaries, uterus

Controls puberty and the menstrual cycle in females.

Thyroid gland

thyroxine muscles Controls the rate of metabolism.

Gland Hormone Target organs

Effect

pancreas insulin liver Controls blood sugar levels.

pituitary gland

anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

kidney Controls blood water level by triggering uptake of water in kidneys.

testes testosterone male reproductive organs

Controls puberty in males.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/human/hormonesrev2.shtml

Adrenal GlandsAd= AboveRenal= Kidney

It is a triangular gland on the top of each kidney.

Cortex

Medulla

The adrenal gland are made of two major parts

CORTEX

MEDULLA

Produces hormones that are vital for life such as cortisol that regulates metabolism and water levels

Produces hormones that are not very vital for life such as adrenaline, nor adrenaline or epinephrine, nor epinephrine that prepares the body for the ‘fight or flight’ response in times of stress