Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics978-0-387-48998-8/1.pdfPreface Microfluidics and...
Transcript of Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics978-0-387-48998-8/1.pdfPreface Microfluidics and...
Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics
Dongqing Li (Ed.)
Encyclopedia ofMicrofluidics and Nanofluidics
With 1636 Figures and 152 Tables
123
Prof. Dongqing LiDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityVU Station B 3515922301 Vanderbilt PlaceNashville, TN. [email protected]
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008927465
ISBN: 978-0-387-48998-8
The print version of the whole set will be available under ISBN 978-0-387-32468-5.The print and electronic bundle of the whole set will be available under ISBN 978-0-387-49000-7.
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (SpringerScience+Business Media, LLC., 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarlyanalysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as anexpression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
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Editor: Steven Elliot, Norwell / Kerstin Kindler, HeidelbergDevelopment Editor: Sylvia Blago, HeidelbergTypesetting and Production: le-tex publishing services oHG, LeipzigCover Design: Frido Steinen-Broo, Spain
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Preface
Microfluidics and nanofluidics are among the most rapidly growing fields of scientific research and technology develop-ment. Over the past 15 years, the research activities in these fields have been increasing exponentially as evidenced bythe number of published papers in the literature. Microfluidics and nanofluidics not only bring exciting opportunities tostudy the new phenomena unique to these small scales, but also enable the development of many new and high-impacttechnologies from handheld biomedical laboratory (Lab-on-a-Chip) to detection and manipulation of single molecules.While these exciting and inter-disciplinary research fields attract more and more researchers, one major challenge isthe lack of a single reference resource providing up-to-date reviews and overviews of various directions in the fieldof microfluidics and nanofluidics. This is the motivation behind the development of the Encyclopedia of Microfluidicsand Nanofluidics. As a comprehensive resource, no single review paper or several books focused on specific topics canreplace the role of an Encyclopedia.This is the first Encyclopedia of Microfluidics and Nanofluidics for the scientific community. It covers the fundamentals,latest developments and cutting-edge experimental techniques, including electrical double-layers; optofluidics; DNAlab-on-a-chip; nanosensors; and much more. The high technical quality of the Encyclopedia has been ensured by ourInternational Editorial Board consisting of leading scientists in these fields, and the over 250 experts in microfluidicsand nanofluidics. The carefully selected entries deliver relevant and comprehensive information, and are fully illustratedwith thousands of diagrams, photos, line art, many in full color.The Encyclopedia provides basic information on all fundamental and applied aspects of microfluidics and nanofluidicsby covering two decades of research. It is the only scientific work of its kind in the field of microfluidics and nanofluidicsbringing together core knowledge and the very latest advances. Written for a wide audience with different levels ofexperience, it provides valuable information to graduate students and scientists who may be new to these fields ofmicrofluidics and nanofluidics while providing up-to-date information to active scientists and experts in the field. Thisoutstanding encyclopedia is an indispensable source for research professionals, technology investors and developersseeking the most up-to-date information on microfluidics and nanofluidics among a wide range of disciplines fromscience to engineering to medicine.It takes two years of hard work of many people for this Encyclopedia to come to live. I would like to give my sincerethanks the Editorial Board members and many specially invited experts for helping me to review so many manuscriptsto ensure the highest quality. I would like to thank and congratulate all contributing authors. This is your Encyclopediaand you made the great contribution to these fields. Finally, my heartfelt appreciation goes to the colleagues at Springer,Steven Elliot, Oona Schmid, Sylvia Blago, and Simone Giesler-Güllich; without their persistent efforts and hard workeveryday, it is not possible to complete this Encyclopedia.
Dongqing Li Nashville, March 2008(Editor-in-Chief)
Editor-in-Chief
DONGQING LI
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityVU Station B 3515922301 Vanderbilt PlaceNashville, TN. [email protected]
Section Editors
CHONG H. AHN
Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OH, [email protected]
MARTIN GIJS
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL)Institute of Microelectronic & Microsystems (IMM)Lausanne, [email protected]
STEFFEN HARDT
Institute for Nano- and Micro Process TechnologyUniversity of HannoverHannover, [email protected]
SATISH G. KANDLIKAR
Mechanical Engineering DepartmentRochester Institute of TechnologyRochester, NY, [email protected]
JAMES P. LANDERS
Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville, VA, [email protected]
YUEHE LIN
Environmental Molecular Sciences LaboratoryPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland, WA, [email protected]
ANDREW DE MELLO
Department of ChemistryImperial College of Science, Technology and MedicineLondon, [email protected]
HYWEL MORGAN
School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton, [email protected]
NICO F. DE ROOIJ
The Institute of MicrotechnologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtel, [email protected]
STEVE WERELEY
School of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, [email protected]
RUEY-JEN YANG
Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan City, [email protected]
Contributors
ABRAHAM, JOHN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]
AGARWAL, RAMESH
Aerospace Research and Education Center (AeREC)and Aerospace Engineering ProgramWashington UniversitySt. Louis, [email protected]
AI, LISONG
Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA
AKHMECHET, ROMAN
Sibley School of Mechanical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]
ANGELI, PANAGIOTA
Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College [email protected]
ANNA, SHELLEY L.Department of Mechanical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, [email protected]
ARNOLD, MARKUS
HSG-IMAT, Hahn-Schickard-GesellschaftInstitute for Microassembly [email protected]
ASFER, MOHAMMED
Department of Mechanical EngineeringIIT KanpurKanpurIndia
ASHGRIZ, NASSER
Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
AUERSWALD, JANKO
Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)[email protected]
BAKAJIN, OLGICA
Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermore, [email protected]
BALDWIN, RICHARD P.Department of ChemistryUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]
XII Contributors
BAMIRO, OLUYINKA O.Western Michigan UniversityKalamazoo, [email protected]
BARBULOVIC-NAD, IRENA
Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellularand Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
BAROUD, CHARLES N.LadHyX and Departement de MécaniqueEcole [email protected]
BARRETT, LOUISE M.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, [email protected]
BAYAZITOGLU, YILDIZ
Rice UniversityHouston, [email protected]
BAZANT, MARTIN Z.Department of Mathematics and Institute for SoldierNanotechnologiesMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
BEDEAUX, DICK
Department of ChemistryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
BEDEKAR, ADITYA S.CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA
BERG, JORDAN M.Nano Tech Center & Department of MechanicalEngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbock, TXUSA
BHAGAT, ALI ASGAR S.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA
BHATTACHARYA, SMITI
C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WVUSA
BHATTACHARYYA, ARPITA
Biomedical Engineering DepartmentBoston UniversityBoston, [email protected]
BINDER, KURT
Institut für PhysikJohannes Gutenberg Universität [email protected]
BREUER, KENNETH S.Division of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidence, [email protected]
BRUTIN, DAVID
IUSTI LaboratoryPoytech’[email protected]
BUTLER, DAVID LEE
School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
BÜTTNER, LARS
Professorship of Measuring and Testing TechniquesDresden University of TechnologyDresdenGermany
Contributors XIII
CAO, JINHUA
Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA
CETIN, BARBAROS
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
CHAI, JOHN C.School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
CHAKRABORTY, SUMAN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of [email protected]
CHAMARTHY, PRAMOD
Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]
CHANG, CHIH-CHANG
Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
CHANG, HSUEH-CHIA
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringCenter for Microfluidic and Medical DiagnosticsUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, [email protected]
CHANG, JUN KEUN
NanoEnTek Inc. & Digital Bio Technology Co., [email protected]
CHARON, LUC
Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
CHEN, GANG
School of PharmacyFudan [email protected]
CHEN, JIA-KUN
Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
CHEN, RONGSHENG
Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong
CHEN, XIAOHONG
School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
CHEN, ZHONGPING
Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]
CHEN, ZILIN
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringCenter for Microfluidic and Medical DiagnosticsUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, [email protected]
CHENG, JI-YEN
Research Center for Applied SciencesAcademia [email protected]
XIV Contributors
CHENG, PING
School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong [email protected]
CHEREMISIN, FELIX G.Russian Academy of [email protected]
CHIAO, MU
Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver, British [email protected]
CHON, CHAN HEE
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
CHOO, JAEBUM
Department of Applied ChemistryHanyang UniversityAnsan, Kyunggi-doSouth [email protected]
CHRISTENSEN, KENNETH T.Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, [email protected]
CHUN, YANG
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
CHUNG, CHEN-KUEI
Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainan CityTaiwan (R.O.C.)[email protected]
CLICQ, DAVID
Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselBelgium
COLIN, STÉPHANE
National Institute of Applied Sciences of Toulouse(INSAT)Toulouse Cedex [email protected]
COLLINS, JOHN
Maxwell Sensors Inc.Fullerton, [email protected]
CROSS, MICHAEL
Electrical & Computer Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]
CUI, ZHENG
Rutherford Appleton [email protected]
CZARSKE, JÜRGEN
Professorship of Measuring and Testing TechniquesDresden University of [email protected]
DALLAS, TIM
Nano Tech Center & Department of Electrical& Computer EngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbock, TXUSA
DAMES, CHRIS
Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaRiverside, [email protected]
Contributors XV
DANG, KHANH
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA
DAUB, MARTINA
Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK)University of [email protected]
DE SILVA, MAURIS
Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of MiamiMiami, [email protected]
DEMIRCI, UTKAN
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA
DENG, PEIGANG
MEMS DepartmentChina Resources Semiconductor (HK) Co., Ltd.Hong KongChina
DERMICI, DENIZ
Department of EconomicsBogazici UniversityIstanbulTurkey
DESMET, GERT
Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselBelgium
DIAS, FRANCISCO
HE-ArcInstitut des MicrotechnologiesLa Chaux-de-FondsSwitzerland
DJILALI, NED
Institute for Integrated Energy Systems (IESVic)and Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, BCCanada
DORFMAN, KEVIN D.Department of Chemical Engineering and MaterialsScienceUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolis, [email protected]
DUCRÉE, JENS
HSG-IMIT, c/o IMTEKUniversity of [email protected]
DURMUS, N. GOZDE
Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsMiddle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey
DUTTA, DEBASHIS
Department of ChemistryUniversity of WyomingLaramie, [email protected]
DUTTA, PRASHANTA
School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullman, [email protected]
ERICKSON, DAVID
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, New [email protected]
EWING, ANDREW H.Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA
XVI Contributors
EIJKEL, JAN C. T.BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyEnschedeNetherlands
FAN, TONGXIANG
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong [email protected]
FANG, JI
Institute for MicromanufacturingLouisiana Tech UniversityRuston, [email protected]
FEKETE, VERONIKA
Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselBelgium
FRANSSILA, SAMI
Helsinki University of [email protected]
FREIRE, SERGIO
Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
FRIEND, JAMES
Micro/Nanophysics Research LaboratoryMonash UniversityClayton, [email protected]
FRÉCHETTE, LUC G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrooke, [email protected]
FU, JIANPING
Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
FU, LUNG-MING
Department of Materials EngineeringNational Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyPingtungTaiwan, [email protected]
GAN, HIONG YAP
Division of Manufacturing Engineering Schoolof Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
GAO, YANDONG
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
GARCIA-CORDERO, JOSE L.Biomedical Diagnostics InstituteNational Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
GARRELL, ROBIN L.Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CAUSA
GAVRIILIDIS, ASTERIOS
Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College [email protected]
GEELHOED, PETER
Laboratory for Aero- & HydrodynamicsDelft University of [email protected]
Contributors XVII
GHEBER, LEVI A.Department of Biotechnology EngineeringBen-GurionUniversity of the [email protected]
GHOSAL, SANDIP
Department of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanston, [email protected]
GLAWDEL, TOM
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]
GRAY, BONNIE
School of Engineering ScienceSimon Fraser UniversityBurnaby, [email protected]
GREEN, NICOLAS
School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
GUASTO, JEFFREY S.Division of EngineeringBrown UniversityProvidence, [email protected]
GUI, LIN
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, ONCanada
GUISEPPI-ELIE, ANTHONY
Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors, and Biochips (C3B)Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,and Department of BioengineeringClemson UniversityClemson, [email protected]
HALL, JEREMIAH
Department of Aerospace Engineering SciencesUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, COUSA
HAN, JONGYOON
Department of Electrical Engineering and ComputerScience and Department of Biological EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
HAQUETTE, HENRI
HE-ArcInstitut des MicrotechnologiesLa Chaux-de-FondsSwitzerland
HARRIS, NICK R.School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, [email protected]
HASHIM, AHMAD YUSAIRI BANI
Faculty of Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia [email protected]
HAU, WINKY L. W.IMTEKUniversity of [email protected]
HENDERSON, CLIFFORD L.School of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta, [email protected]
HEO, CHUL-JOON
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea
XVIII Contributors
HILL, MARTYN
School of Engineering SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, SouthamptonUK
HILL JR., HERBERT H.Department of ChemistryWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
HINRICHS, KARSTEN
ISAS - Institute for Analytical [email protected]
HITT, DARREN L.Mechanical Engineering Program, School of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]
HONG, JONGIN
Department of ChemistryImperial College London, South Kensington [email protected]
HORIUCHI, KEISUKE
Mechanical Engineering Research LaboratoryHitachi, Ltd.Hitachinaka, IbarakiJapan
HOUSE, DUSTIN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
HSIAI, TZUNG K.Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA
HSIEH, CHENG-CHIEH
Intel CorporationChandler, [email protected]
HSIEH, YI-CHENG
Department of Biomedical EngineeringRutgers, The State University of New JerseyPiscataway, NJUSA
HU, GUOQING
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TNUSA
HUANG, PETER
Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedford, MAUSA
HUANG, XIAOYANG
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
HWANG, EUN-SOO
Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
IANCU, FLORIN
Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, [email protected]
ILES, ALEXANDER
Department of ChemistryThe University of [email protected]
IRIMIA, DANIEL
Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, [email protected]
Contributors XIX
IYER, SRINIVAS
Bioscience DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, [email protected]
JACKSON, DOUGLAS J.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]
JAFARI, ALI
Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
JANG, SE GYU
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea
JEON, NOO LI
Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, CAUSA
JIANG, HONG
GraceFlow TechnologyColumbia, [email protected]
JIAO, ZHENJUN
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
JO, KYOO DONG
C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, [email protected]
JUBERY, TALUKDER Z.School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
KANDLIKAR, SATISH G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringRochester Institute of TechnologyRochester, [email protected]
KANG, KWAN HYOUNG
Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangSouth [email protected]
KANG, SANGMO
Dong-A UniversityBusanKorea
KANG, YUEJUN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
KARNIK, ROHIT
Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
KASSEGNE, SAMUEL K.MEMS Research LaboratoryDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringCollege of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, [email protected]
KEH, HUAN J.Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan [email protected]
XX Contributors
KELLY, KATHLEEN
C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WVUSA
KEPPNER, HERBERT
HE-ArcInstitut des MicrotechnologiesLa Chaux-de-FondsSwitzerland
KEYNTON, ROBERT S.Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]
KHADEMHOSSEINI, ALI
Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
KIM, HYUNG JOON
Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, CAUSA
KIM, SE-HEON
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea
KIM, YONG-HO
Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
KIM, YONG-JUN
Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of [email protected]
KIM, YOUNG JO
Department of Chemical EngineeringCenter for Surface Science and Plasma TechnologyUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, [email protected]
KING, MICHAEL R.University of RochesterRochester, [email protected]
KITAMORI, TAKEHIKO
Department of Applied ChemistrySchool of EngineeringThe University of [email protected]
KJEANG, ERIK
Institute for Integrated Energy Systems (IESVic)and Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, BCCanada
KJELSTRUP, SIGNE
Department of ChemistryNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
KLAPPERICH, CATHERINE M.Biomedical and Manufacturing Engineering DepartmentsBoston UniversityBoston, [email protected]
KLEINSTREUER, CLEMENT
Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, [email protected]
KNAPP, HELMUT F.Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)AlpnachSwitzerland
Contributors XXI
KOCKMANN, NORBERT
Laboratory for Design of MicrosystemsDepartment of Microsystems Engineering – IMTEKAlbert-Ludwig University of [email protected]
KONG, LINGXUE
Center for Material and Fiber InnovationDeakin UniversityGeelong, [email protected]
KOZBERG, MARIEL
Department of Chemical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA
KRISHNAMOORTHY, SIVA
Baxter Healthcare CorporationRound Lake, ILUSA
KUMAR, ALOKE
Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, INUSA
KUMAR, HARIBALAN
Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and SciencesUniversity of IowaIowa City, [email protected]
KWOK, DANIEL Y.Department of Mechanical EngineeringSchulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgary, [email protected]
KÖHLER, MICHAEL
Stiftungslehrstuhl der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt,Institut für PhysikTechnische Universität [email protected]
KÜCK, HEINZ
HSG-IMAT, Hahn-Schickard-GesellschaftInstitute for Microassembly [email protected]
LAM, YEE CHEONG
Division of Manufacturing Engineering Schoolof Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
LEE, ABRAHAM P.Department of Biomedical Engineering and Departmentof Mechanical AerospaceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]
LEE, CHIA-YEN
Department of Mechanical and Automation EngineeringDa-Yeh UniversityChung-HuaTaiwan, ROC
LEE, JAESUNG
LG Material & Parts R&D CenterLG [email protected]
LEE, SEUNG-KON
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea
LEE, YI-KUEN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
LI, CHEUK-WING
Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina
XXII Contributors
LI, DEYU
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
LI, DONGQING
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, TNUSA
LI, JIE
Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NCUSA
LI, ZHIXIN
Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
LILGE, LOTHAR
Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
LIM, JONG-MIN
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea
LIM, TEIK-CHENG
School of Science and TechnologySIM [email protected]
LIN, BINGCHENG
Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of [email protected]
LIN, CHE-HSIN
Department of Mechanical and ElectromechanicalEngineeringNational Sun Yat-sen [email protected]
LIN, RICHARD L.Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA
LIN, YUEHE
Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland, [email protected]
LINDEMANN, TIMO
Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
LIOU, WILLIAM W.Western Michigan UniversityKalamazoo, [email protected]
LIU, CHENG-HSIEN
Department of Power Mechanical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua [email protected]
LIU, JING
Cryogenic Lab, Technical Institute of Physicsand ChemistryChinese Academy of [email protected]
LIU, XIN
Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
Contributors XXIII
LO, WIN-JET
Department of Refrigeration and Air-ConditioningNational Chin-Yi University of TechnologyTaichungTaiwan
LOUISOS, WILLIAM F.Mechanical Engineering Program, School of EngineeringUniversity of VermontBurlington, VTUSA
LUCAS, LONNIE J.Department of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringThe University of ArizonaTucson, AZUSA
LUKES, JENNIFER R.Department of ChemistryImperial College London, South Kensington [email protected]
LUO, HAOXIANG
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
MA, HONGBIN
Department of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MOUSA
MAEDA, HIDEAKI
Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)Tosu, [email protected]
MANDAL, SUDEEP
Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]
MANN, J. ADIN
Department of Chemical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OHUSA
MANZARI, MEHRDAD T.Sharif University of [email protected]
MAO, XIAOLE
Department of BioengineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, PAUSA
MAWATARI, KAZUMA
Microchemistry GroupKanagawa Academy of Science and Technology (KAST)[email protected]
MIAO, JIANMIN
Micromachines Centre, School of Mechanicaland Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
MILLER, ELIZABETH M.Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellularand Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
MINAS, GRACA
Department of Industrial ElectronicsUniversity of [email protected]
MINC, NICOLAS
Department of MicrobiologyColumbia UniversityNYC, [email protected]
XXIV Contributors
MINERICK, ADRIENNE R.Dave C Swalm School of Chemical EngineeringMississippi State UniversityStarkville, [email protected]
MINTEER, SHELLEY D.Department of ChemistrySaint Louis UniversitySt. Louis, [email protected]
MIRAGHAIE, REZA
Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, [email protected]
MITRA, SUSHANTA K.Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology [email protected]
MIYAZAKI, MASAYA
Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)Tosu, [email protected]
MOHSENI, KAMRAN
Department of Aerospace Engineering SciencesUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, [email protected]
MORGAN, HYWEL
School of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of [email protected]
MORINI, GIAN LUCA
Institute of PhysicsDIENCA Università di [email protected]
MORRISON, DAVID W. G.Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciencesand TechnologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MAUSA
MURTHY, SHASHI K.Department of Chemical EngineeringNortheastern UniversityBoston, [email protected]
MÜLLER, NORBERT
Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MIUSA
NADIM, ALI
Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, [email protected]
NAKAMURA, HIROYUKI
Nanotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Scienceand Technology (AIST)[email protected]
NAM-TRUNG, NGUYEN
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
NASAREK, R.Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of [email protected]
NATRAJAN, VINAY K.Department of Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of IllinoisUrbana, ILUSA
Contributors XXV
NGUYEN, BAO
MEMS Research Laboratory Department of MechanicalEngineeringCollege of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, [email protected]
NGUYEN, NAM-TRUNG
School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
NIEDERMANN, PHILIPPE
Division MicroroboticsCentre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique(CSEM S.A.)AlpnachSwitzerland
O’KENNEDY, RICHARD
Applied Biochemistry GroupSchool of Biotechnology and Biomedical DiagnosticsInstitute National Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City [email protected]
OLSEN, MICHAEL G.Department of Mechanical EngineeringIowa State UniversityAmes, [email protected]
OOI, KIM TIOW
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
PAIS, ANDREA
Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA
PAMME, NICOLE
Department of ChemistryThe University of HullHullUK
PAN, YU-JEN
Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
PANDA, SIDDHARTHA
Department of Chemical EngineeringIIT [email protected]
PANIGRAHI, PRADIPTA KUMAR
Department of Mechanical EngineeringIIT [email protected]
PAPAUTSKY, IAN
Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, [email protected]
PAPPAERT, KRIS
Transport Modeling & (Bio)analytical Separation ScienceGroup (TMAS2)Vrije Universiteit [email protected]
PARIKESIT, GEA O. F.Quantitative Imaging GroupDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe [email protected]
PARK, HYUNG GYU
Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermore, CAUSA
PARK, JEONG WON
Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, [email protected]
XXVI Contributors
PARK, SECHUL
Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
PELES, YOAV
Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and NuclearEngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy, [email protected]
PETERSON, DOMINIC S.Chemistry DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos, [email protected]
PETERSON, ERIK T. K.Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnati, OHUSA
POPA, DAN
Automation & Robotics Research InstituteThe University of Texas at ArlingtonFort Worth, [email protected]
PYARAJAN, SAIJU
Department of Pathology and NYU Cancer InstituteNew York University School of MedicineNew York, [email protected]
QI, SUIJIAN
Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR
QIN, JIANHUA
Department of BiotechnologyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of [email protected]
QUAN, XIAOJUN
School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
RADADIA, ADARSH D.University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, [email protected]
RADISIC, MILICA
Department of Chemical Engineering and AppliedChemistryInstitute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, ONCanada
RAUSCHER, MARKUS
Max-Planck-Institut für [email protected]
REDDY, VARUN
Department of BioengineeringThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park, PAUSA
REN, CAROLYN
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]
RESCHKE, BRENT
C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, WVUSA
RICCO, ANTONIO J.Biomedical Diagnostics Institute National Centrefor Sensor ResearchDublin City [email protected]
Contributors XXVII
ROUHANIZADEH, MAHSA
Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, [email protected]
ROUSSEL, THOMAS J.Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]
ROY, SUBRATA
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringUniversity of FloridaGainesville, [email protected]
SAGGERE, LAXMAN
University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, [email protected]
SAHA, AURO ASHISH
Department of Mechanical EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia
SAINIEMI, LAURI
Helsinki University of [email protected]
SCHAEFER, LAURA
Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDepartmentUniversity of PittsburghPittsburgh, [email protected]
SCHMIDT, HOLGER
University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz, [email protected]
SCHÖNFELD, FRIEDHELM
Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz [email protected]
SENGUPTA, SHRAMIK
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of Notre DameNotre Dame, INUSA
SETHU, PALANIAPPAN
Department of BioengineeringUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville, [email protected]
SHAPIRO, BENJAMIN
Aerospace Engineering; joint appointments withBio-engineering, Institute of Systems Research; affiliatedwith Applied Mathematics and Scientific ComputationprogramUniversity of MarylandCollege Park, [email protected]
SHARIPOV, FELIX
Departamento de FísicaUniversidade Federal do Paraná[email protected]
SHIN, HWA SUNG
Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine, CAUSA
SHUI, LINGLING
BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for [email protected]
SILBER-LI, ZHANHUA
LNM, Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of [email protected]
XXVIII Contributors
SIMMONS, BLAKE A.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, CAUSA
SINGH, ANUP K.Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermore, [email protected]
SINGHAL, ASHOK K.CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA
SINTON, DAVID
Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of VictoriaVictoria, [email protected]@me.uvic.ca
SONG, YONG-AK
Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
STAROV, VICTOR M.Department of Chemical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughborough, [email protected]
STEPHAN, PETER
Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of [email protected]
STERLING, JAMES D.Keck Graduate InstituteClaremont, CAUSA
STREMLER, MARK A.Department of Engineering Science and MechanicsVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg, [email protected]
SU, CHUN-MIN
Flow Measurement LaboratoryCenter for Measurement StandardsIndustrial Technology Research InstituteHsinchuTaiwan
SUGUMAR, DHARMALINGAM
Faculty of Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Teknikal Malaysia [email protected]
SUH, YONG KWEON
Dong-A [email protected]
SUN, TAO
Nanoscale Systems Integration GroupSchool of Electronics and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonHighfield, [email protected]
SUNDARAM, SHIVSHANKAR
CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, ALUSA
SWICKRATH, MICHAEL J.Department of Chemical EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, [email protected]
SYMS, RICHARD R. A.Electrical and Electronic Engineering DepartmentImperial College [email protected]
TAM, MAGGIE
Department of ChemistryWashington State UniversityPullman, WAUSA
Contributors XXIX
TANG, GONGYUE
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
TATSUMA, TETSU
Institute of Industrial ScienceUniversity of [email protected]
TESAR, VÁCLAV
Department of Thermodynamics,Institute of ThermomechanicsAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicPragueCzech [email protected]
THIBAUDEAU, GISELLE
Electron Microscopy CenterMississippi State UniversityMississippi State, [email protected]
TIMPERMAN, AARON T.C. Eugene Bennett Department of ChemistryWest Virginia UniversityMorgantown, [email protected]
TSAI, CHIEN-HSIUNG
Department of Vehicle EngineeringNational Pingtung University of Science and [email protected]
TULLY, ELIZABETH
Applied Biochemistry GroupSchool of Biotechnology and Biomedical DiagnosticsInstituteNational Centre for Sensor ResearchDublin City UniversityDublinIreland
VAN DEN BERG, ALBERT
BIOS, Lab-on-a-Chip GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyEnschedeNetherlands
VAN DER LINDEN, HEIKO
Laboratory for Aero- and HydrodynamicsFaculty of Mechanical, Maritime and MaterialsEngineeringTU [email protected]
VARHUE, W.J.Electrical & Computer Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringThe University of VermontBurlington, [email protected]
VENDITTI, ROBERTO
Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
WAGNER, E.Technical ThermodynamicsMechanical Engineering FacultyDarmstadt University of TechnologyDarmstadtGermany
WALKER, GREG
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
WAN, WEIJIE
Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]
WANG, CHENG
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
XXX Contributors
WANG, GUIREN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of South CarolinaColumbia, [email protected]
WANG, MORAN
NEAT, Department of Biological & AgriculturalEngineeringUniversity of California DavisDavis, [email protected]
WANG, WEISONG
Department of AstronomyUniversity of Texas at AustinAustin, [email protected]
WANG, YI
CFD Research CorporationHuntsville, [email protected]
WANG, YING-CHIH
Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, [email protected]
WERELEY, STEVEN T.Department of Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]
WESTERWEEL, JERRY
Laboratory for Aero- & HydrodynamicsDelft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands
WHEELER, AARON R.Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoToronto, [email protected]
WILLIAMS, STUART
Mechanical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette, [email protected]
WNEK, GARY E.Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, OHUSA
WONG, STEVEN
MEMS Research Laboratory Department of MechanicalEngineering College of EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan Diego, CAUSA
WONG, TECK NENG
School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
WU, HONGKAI
Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. [email protected]
WU, HUIYING
School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
WU, JIE
Department of Electrical Engineering and ComputerScienceThe University of TennesseeKnoxville, [email protected]
WU, ZHEMIN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
Contributors XXXI
XU, DONGYAN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashville, [email protected]
XU, JENNIFER
Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA
XUAN, XIANGCHUN
Department of Mechanical EngineeringClemson UniversityClemson, [email protected]
YAN, DEGUANG
Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
YAN, HUI
Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijingP. R. China
YANDONG, GAO
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
YANG, ALLEN
Sibley School of Mechanical EngineeringCornell UniversityIthaca, [email protected]
YANG, CHENG-TSAIR
Flow Measurement LaboratoryCenter for Measurement StandardsIndustrial Technology Research [email protected]
YANG, CHUN
School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological [email protected]
YANG, EUI-HYEOK
Department of Mechanical EngineeringStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken, [email protected]
YANG, JUN
Bioengineering CollegeChongqing [email protected]
YANG, LIJU
Biomanufacturing Research Institute & TechnologyEnterprise, and Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurham, [email protected]
YANG, MENGSU
Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong [email protected]
YANG, RUEY-JEN
Department of Engineering ScienceNational Cheng Kung [email protected]
YANG, SEUNG-MAN
National CRI Center for Integrated Optofluidic Systemsand Department of Chemical and BiomolecularEngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and [email protected]
XXXII Contributors
YANG, SHU
Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PAUSA
YANG, SUNG
Department of Mechatronics, School of Informationand MechatronicsGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)Gwangju, Buk-guRepublic of [email protected]
YAP, Y. F.School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
YASUDA, KENJI
Department of Biomedical Information, Divisionof BiosystemsInstitute of Biomaterials and BioengineeringTokyo Medical and Dental [email protected]
YE, NANNAN
Department of BiotechnologyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianChina
YE, WENJING
Department of Mechanical EngineeringHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong [email protected]
YEO, LESLIE
Micro/Nanophysics Research LaboratoryMonash UniversityClayton, VICAustralia
YEOW, JOHN T.W.Department of Systems Design EngineeringUniversity of WaterlooWaterloo, [email protected]
YI, CHANGQING
Department of Biology and ChemistryCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong SAR
YOON, JEONG-YEOL
Department of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringThe University of ArizonaTucson, [email protected]
YOON, SEUNG-IL
Microsystems LaboratorySchool of Mechanical EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
YU, HONGYU
Department of Biomedical Engineering& Cardiovascular MedicineSchool of Engineering & School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos Angles, CAUSA
YU, QINGSONG
Department of Chemical EngineeringCenter for Surface Science and Plasma TechnologyUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MOUSA
ZAHN, JEFFREY D.Department of Biomedical EngineeringRutgers, The State University of New JerseyPiscataway, [email protected]
ZENGERLE, ROLAND
Laboratory for MEMS ApplicationsDepartment of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of [email protected]
Contributors XXXIII
ZHANG, DI
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
ZHANG, JUNFENG
School of EngineeringLaurentian UniverstiySudbury, [email protected]
ZHANG, YALI
School of Mechanical & Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
ZHAO, SHIHUAI
Center for Microfibrous Materials ManufacturingChemical EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburn, [email protected]
ZHENG, XIAOLIN
Bioengineering CollegeChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
ZHOU, HAN
State Key Lab of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina