Enabling High Efficiency Power Supplies for Servers : Update on industry, government and utility...

Enabling High Enabling High Efficiency Power Efficiency Power Supplies for Supplies for Servers : Servers : Update on industry, government and Update on industry, government and utility initiativesutility initiatives

Brian GriffithBrian GriffithSystem Power Architect System Power Architect

Intel CorporationIntel Corporation

Chris CalwellChris CalwellPolicy & Research DirectorPolicy & Research Director

Ecos ConsultingEcos Consulting

2*Third party marks and brands are the property of their respective owners

AgendaAgenda

Importance of power supply efficiencyImportance of power supply efficiency Server System Infrastructure (SSI) power Server System Infrastructure (SSI) power

supply efficiency requirementssupply efficiency requirements Government & market programs to Government & market programs to

improve power supply efficiencyimprove power supply efficiency


Why Is It Important to Reduce Why Is It Important to Reduce Computer Energy Use?Computer Energy Use?

IT equipment consumes $8 billion of IT equipment consumes $8 billion of electricity every year (100 billion kWh)electricity every year (100 billion kWh)

Computer electricity use is growing over Computer electricity use is growing over twice as fast (3.2%/yr) as total electricity twice as fast (3.2%/yr) as total electricity use (1.4%/yr)use (1.4%/yr)

Reducing power saves money, reduces Reducing power saves money, reduces heat and noise, and improves reliabilityheat and noise, and improves reliability


Power Supply, 129 W

Distribution, 9 WUPS, 49 W

1U System, 300 W

Cooling, 486 W

Data Center Power ChallengeData Center Power Challenge

EffectEffect Partially populated racksPartially populated racks Increasing energy billsIncreasing energy bills

CauseCause Poor power delivery Poor power delivery

efficiencyefficiency Poor cooling efficiencyPoor cooling efficiency Increasing component Increasing component

power consumptionpower consumption

Focus of presentation

Power Consumed by a typical 1U System

Total AC power consumed by a 300W DC system = 973W

Note: See PTMS010; Optimizing Data Centers with Intel’s Platform Power Tools, for more details


Power Supply Efficiency Power Supply Efficiency MeasurementsMeasurements

Suppliers close to 80 plus and recommended SSI levels


Power Supply Efficiency Power Supply Efficiency MeasurementsMeasurements

Rack efficiency higher to help data centers


Power Supply Efficiency

40.0%

45.0%

50.0%

55.0%

60.0%

65.0%

70.0%

75.0%

80.0%

85.0%

90.0%

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0%

% Output Loading

PS

U E

ffic

ien

cy

Importance of proper power supplyImportance of proper power supplySystem Input Power

W

50 W

100 W

150 W

200 W

250 W

300 W

350 W

400 W

450 W

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0% 100.0%

% Output Loading

Inp

ut

Po

wer

(W

)

Proper power supply sizing has a significant impact on system power consumption

Efficiency varies 55% to 84% depending upon loading condition and Efficiency varies 55% to 84% depending upon loading condition and capabilities capabilities

Input power reduces by 15% - 24%Input power reduces by 15% - 24% N+1 redundant power supplies run lighter loads & lower efficiencyN+1 redundant power supplies run lighter loads & lower efficiency


Full Rack Wattage

12.7

15.2

11.8

15.0

18.0

14.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

2005 2006 2007

Kil

ow

atts

/ R

ack

83% Efficiency

70% efficiency

Importance of Power Supply Importance of Power Supply EfficiencyEfficiency How much power per rack?How much power per rack?

Typical low cost PSU = 70%High efficient PSU = 83%Typical usage = 50% of max

rack max wattage range

2.2 kW - 2.8 kW / Rack savings


Full Rack Energy Cost

$9,200

$11,000

$8,600

$7,200

$9,300

$7,800

$0

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$10,000

$12,000

2005 2006 2007

$ /

Yea

r /

Rac

k

83% Efficiency

70% efficiency

Importance of Power Supply Importance of Power Supply EfficiencyEfficiencyHow much is paid for energy?How much is paid for energy?

Energy cost = $0.07 / KWhFull 42U Rack


Note:Does not include HVAC or UPS energy losses for cooling and backup conversion. Multiply by ~2x for data center level energy cost.

$1,700 - $1,400 / rack energy bill savings


10KW Rack Utilization

35

27

3330

23

28

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

2005 2006 2007

Sys

tem

s /

Rac

k

83% Efficiency

70% efficiency

Importance of Power Supply Importance of Power Supply EfficiencyEfficiencyHow many systems can fit?How many systems can fit?


4-5 more systems per rack


The Business Case for Increasing The Business Case for Increasing Server PSU EfficiencyServer PSU Efficiency

$0.00$0.10$0.20$0.30$0.40$0.50$0.60

70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95% 100%

PSU Efficiency (baseline 70%)

NP

V S

avi

ng

s ($

/PS

U R

ated

Wa

tt)

Power Supply Price Range

83% Efficiency ≈ $90 per power supply 83% Efficiency ≈ $90 per power supply savings annually on a 600W supplysavings annually on a 600W supply

Note: Assumes 50% PSU loading and includes data center losses (UPS, distribution, cooling)


Why is Efficiency Important to Why is Efficiency Important to Promote?Promote? Power supply efficiencyPower supply efficiency

–Most running at 65% to 75% efficiencyMost running at 65% to 75% efficiency–Technology for 90% efficiency exists todayTechnology for 90% efficiency exists today–Price impacts easily pay for themselvesPrice impacts easily pay for themselves

EffectsEffects– Improve data center rack utilizationImprove data center rack utilization–Lower energy bill per systemLower energy bill per system

Reducing power meets customer needs; Reducing power meets customer needs; cooler, lower TCO, more reliablecooler, lower TCO, more reliable


AgendaAgenda





Server System InfrastructureServer System Infrastructure

SSI will be promoting high efficient & SSI will be promoting high efficient & power managed (PSMI) power suppliespower managed (PSMI) power supplies

Testing conditions align with ATX12VTesting conditions align with ATX12V Required and recommended levelsRequired and recommended levels

–20%, 50%, and 100% loading20%, 50%, and 100% loading

Visit the SSI booth #46 and PTMS007 Visit the SSI booth #46 and PTMS007 for more detailsfor more details


SSI Efficiency levels (proposed)SSI Efficiency levels (proposed)

LoadingLoading 20%20% 50%50% 100%100%

RequiredRequired 65%65% 72%72% 70%70%

RecommendedRecommended 75%75% 80%80% 77%77%

Rack efficiency at 20-50% loading critical to Rack efficiency at 20-50% loading critical to improve data center facility utilizationimprove data center facility utilization

LoadingLoading 20%20% 50%50% 100%100%

RequiredRequired 65%65% 72%72% 70%70%

RecommendedRecommended 78%78% 83%83% 80%80%

ATX & SSI pedestal (EPS12V, ERP12V) SSI Rack (EPS1U, ERP2U)

SSI Industry specifications introduced to SSI Industry specifications introduced to encourage more efficient power suppliesencourage more efficient power supplies


AgendaAgenda





Desktop and Server Power Desktop and Server Power Supply DevelopmentsSupply Developments

CEC’s PIER program: CEC’s PIER program: –Test procedureTest procedure

–Efficiency measurementsEfficiency measurements

–www.efficientpowersupplies.orgwww.efficientpowersupplies.org

Server and UPS efficiency researchServer and UPS efficiency research–http://hightech.lbl.govhttp://hightech.lbl.gov

60 power supplies tested60 power supplies tested In-use power measurements conductedIn-use power measurements conducted


Comparing Server Power Supply Comparing Server Power Supply Efficiency SpecificationsEfficiency Specifications

PS Electricity PS Electricity Use Per YearUse Per Year

SpecificationSpecification 20% 20% LoadLoad

50% 50% LoadLoad

100% 100% LoadLoad

kWhkWh $$

Typical ServerTypical Server 61%61% 71%71% 72%72% 360360 $36$36

SSI RequiredSSI Required

(2005 proposed)(2005 proposed)65%65% 72%72% 70%70% 345345 $35$35

SSI RecommendedSSI Recommended

(2005 proposed)(2005 proposed)78%78% 83%83% 80%80% 181181 $18$18

80 Plus80 Plus 80%80% 80%80% 80%80% 140140 $14$14

Note: assumes loading in the 20% to 50% load range for 425 WNote: assumes loading in the 20% to 50% load range for 425 WEPS1U power supply.EPS1U power supply.


ENERGY STARENERGY STAR

ITS 2004: EPA announces changes to desktop ITS 2004: EPA announces changes to desktop spec in upcoming Tier 1 revisions:spec in upcoming Tier 1 revisions:– Revised “Sleep” and “Off” power levelsRevised “Sleep” and “Off” power levels– Likely addition of “Idle” mode power requirementLikely addition of “Idle” mode power requirement– Power supply efficiency requirementsPower supply efficiency requirements

February 2005: EPA publishes first draft of Tier February 2005: EPA publishes first draft of Tier 1 revisions1 revisions

““Computers” section on Computers” section on www.energystar.govwww.energystar.gov contains latest information on draft spec.contains latest information on draft spec.


Desktop and Server Power Desktop and Server Power Supply Developments TimelineSupply Developments Timeline

2004 2005 2006 2008

80 Plusrecruitment begins

ENERGY STAR spec takes effect

2007

ENERGY STARITS announcement

Expected 80 Plusprogram duration

ENERGY STAR spec revision ?

Grandfatheringperiod ?

First 80 Plusqualifying unitsannounced


80 Plus: the Opportunity80 Plus: the Opportunity

Manufacturers can get paid now to be Manufacturers can get paid now to be compliant with future ENERGY STAR levelscompliant with future ENERGY STAR levels

Create market differentiation and profit Create market differentiation and profit opportunities for innovators other than opportunities for innovators other than expanding power supply wattageexpanding power supply wattage

Escape from the “commodity trap” of the Escape from the “commodity trap” of the power supply businesspower supply business

Third party validation of efficiency & power Third party validation of efficiency & power factor to help market products in U.S. and factor to help market products in U.S. and internationallyinternationally


80 Plus Program Concept80 Plus Program Concept

Manufacturer buy-down program for efficient Manufacturer buy-down program for efficient power supplies in desktop PCs and desktop-power supplies in desktop PCs and desktop-derived serversderived servers

$5 per computer incentive for PCs, $10 for $5 per computer incentive for PCs, $10 for non-redundant servers (EPS12V and EPS1U)non-redundant servers (EPS12V and EPS1U)

$3 per computer for marketing support$3 per computer for marketing support

80 Plus power supply qualifications80 Plus power supply qualifications

–80% efficiency at 20%, 50% and 100% load80% efficiency at 20%, 50% and 100% load

–True PF greater than 0.9 at 100% loadTrue PF greater than 0.9 at 100% load


80 Plus Funding Support80 Plus Funding Support


80 Plus Qualifying Power 80 Plus Qualifying Power SuppliesSupplies First 80 Plus compliant PSFirst 80 Plus compliant PS

–Seasonic SS - 400HTSeasonic SS - 400HT

–400W, ATX12V, PFC400W, ATX12V, PFC

More qualifying desktop power supplies More qualifying desktop power supplies expected in March and Aprilexpected in March and April

No qualifying server units to dateNo qualifying server units to date Visit Visit 80Plus.org80Plus.org for more details. for more details.


80 Plus Benefits for 80 Plus Benefits for ManufacturersManufacturers Reduce heat and noiseReduce heat and noise Better rack and space utilizationBetter rack and space utilization Demonstrate industry leadershipDemonstrate industry leadership Reduce TCO for customerReduce TCO for customer Positive environmental publicityPositive environmental publicity Tap into utilities’ $1.5 billion/yr of energy Tap into utilities’ $1.5 billion/yr of energy

efficiency programs to promote productsefficiency programs to promote products

80 Plus and labeling programs help 80 Plus and labeling programs help manufacturers market more efficient computers manufacturers market more efficient computers

and overcome price premiumsand overcome price premiums


2003-Early 2004 2003-Early 2004 MeasurementsMeasurements


Industry and Utility Industry and Utility SpecificationsSpecifications


2004-2005 Measurements2004-2005 Measurements


SummarySummary

Reducing power meets customer needs; Reducing power meets customer needs; cooler, lower TCO, more reliablecooler, lower TCO, more reliable

SSI Industry specifications introduced to SSI Industry specifications introduced to encourage more efficient power suppliesencourage more efficient power supplies

80 Plus and labeling programs help 80 Plus and labeling programs help manufacturers market more efficient manufacturers market more efficient computerscomputers

Desktop experience so far illustrates Desktop experience so far illustrates what is possible with serverswhat is possible with servers


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Enabling High Efficiency Power Supplies for Servers : Update on industry, government and utility...

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