EN8592 WASTE WATER ENGINEERING UNIT 1 PLANNING AND …
Transcript of EN8592 WASTE WATER ENGINEERING UNIT 1 PLANNING AND …
EN8592 – WASTE WATER ENGINEERING
UNIT – 1 – PLANNING AND DESIGN
OF SEWAGE SYSTEMS
SESSION -8 – SEWER MATERIALS
03-02-2020 MATHANAKEERTHI S / AP / CIVIL ENGINEERING / SNSCE 1
To know about the types of sewer materials
To compare the different materials to find which is suitable to which place.
To know about the efficiency and performance of building materials.
What is the need to know the topic??
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The following factors must be considered before selecting a sewer material:
Resistance to corrosion
Resistance to Abrasion
Strength and durability
Light weight
Imperviousness
Cost of the material
Hydraulically efficient (Should have smooth interior surface and minimum loss)
Factors of consideration
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1.ASBESTOS CEMENT
SEWER
Cement
Silica
Asbestos fiber
Under pressure
Forms asbestos cement
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1.ASBESTOS CEMENT SEWER
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1.ASBESTOS CEMENT
SEWER
Sizes – 10 – 90 cm dia and 4m length
Requires Ring tie coupling
The coupling consists of Sleeve and two rubber ring
arrangement
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1.ASBESTOS CEMENT
SEWER
Ring tie coupling
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Advantages:
Light weight
Easily assembled at any place
Smooth interior surface (N = 0.011)
Hydraulically efficient
1.ASBESTOS CEMENT
SEWER
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Disadvantages:
Not strong (Couldn’t bear compressive stresses)
Susceptible to corrosion
Not suitable for vertical pipes
1.ASBESTOS CEMENT
SEWER
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Small dia to larger dia (0.45 m – 4.5 m)
Can be made onsite (cast in situ) or off-site (pre cast)
Mix is 1: 1.5 : 3
W/C ratio 0.5 to 0.7
Longitudinal reinforcement = 0.25% of cross sectional area
Reinforcement have to be provided in three ways
Joint – Bell and Spigot joint
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
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2. PCC AND RCC SEWERS
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Bell and Spigot joint
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Single cage reinforcement – Single reinforcement near the
inner surface – to withstand the hoop tension
Double cage reinforcement – One reinforcement near the
inner surface and other near outer surface - to withstand
internal and external pressure
Elliptical cage reinforcement – Elliptical reinforcement - to
withstand external pressure alone.
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
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Inner surface of pipe
Reinforcement
Outer surface of pipe
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
Single cage reinforcement
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Inner surface of pipe
Inner Reinforcement
Outer surface of pipe
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
Double cage reinforcement
Outer reinforcement
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Inner surface of pipe
Reinforcement
Outer surface of pipe
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
Elliptical cage reinforcement
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Concrete can be poured by :
ordinary method of pouring and ramping
Centrifugal process
Cylinder type
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
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Advantages:
Strong in compression and tension forces
Resistant to erosion and abrasion
Easily manufactured
Economical
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
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Disadvantages:
Get corroded easily
Requires lining for protection
2. PCC AND RCC
SEWERS
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3.VITRIFIED CLAY
SEWER
Clay and shale
Pulverization
& mixing with water
Casting under pressure of 8.5 kg/cm2
Drying in hot kilns at 1200
degree Celsius
Addition of Sodium chloride
Salt vaporizes at high
temperature and produces
glazed surface
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3.VITRIFIED CLAY SEWER
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3.VITRIFIED CLAY
SEWER
Advantages:
High resistant to corrosion
Suitable for carrying highly polluted sewer
Highly impervious
Cheap and durable
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3.VITRIFIED CLAY
SEWER
Disadvantages:
Heavy and bulk
Brittle
Difficult to transport
Length of pipe is small - Requires many joints
Cannot withstand high pressure
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ACTIVITY
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ACTIVITY
Answer : Z
Explanation : In each row, multiply the numerical values of
the left and right hand letters, putting the
result in the centre.
Can be constructed at sites
Not in use now a days
Suitable for constructing large sewer
Requires plastering on outer surface to prevent
corrosion, entry of roots, leakage on its surface
4. BRICK SEWER
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4. BRICK SEWER
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Structurally strong and can withstand high tensile and
compressive forces
Requires lining of cement concrete on inner surface and
painting by tar on outer surface
Manufactured by Sand Molding and Centrifugal process
Requires Bell and spigot joint
5.CAST IRON SEWER
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5.CAST IRON SEWER
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5.CAST IRON SEWER
Sand molding
Horizontal position
Mcwane pipes
Vertical position
Pit cast pipes
More strong in tension
and rupture than vertical
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5.CAST IRON SEWER
Centrifugal process
Sand moulds
Sand spun pipes
Metallic moulds
Delavaud pipes
More dense & tough than
Delavaud pipe
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Advantages:
Suitable for
o Outfall sewers
o Sewers below heavy traffic loads, railways and runways
o For low lying areas
o For sewer to be laid water pipe line (100% leak proof)
Stronger and durable
5.CAST IRON SEWER
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Disadvantages:
Subjected to corrosion
Requires lining
5.CAST IRON SEWER
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Smooth and soft
Easily bent to odd shapes
Not affected by acid and alkalis
Suitable for small dia pipes (3 – 4 cm)
Used as down taken / connecting pipes from wash basins,
urinals or geysers
6.LEAD SEWER
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6.LEAD SEWER
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Suitable for all types of pipes (Pressure pipes and
variable dia pipes)
Best for internal water supplies
Low deformation (Rate of deformation is less when
compared with other pipes)
7.PLASTIC SEWER
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7.PLASTIC SEWER
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