EN287-1 Approval Testing for Welders

BRITISH STANDARD

Approval testing of welders for fusion welding Part 1. Steels

The European Standard EN 287 : Part 1 : 1992, with the incorporation of its amendment Al : 1997, has the status of a British Standard

ICs 25.160.01

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BS EN 287-1 : 1992

Inco?-pomti?lg 4mendmt No. 1 and No. 2

COPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling Services

BS EN 287-1 : 199WAl: 1997 Issue 3, January 1998

Date

Committees responsible for this British Standard

Text afected

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee WEEO6, Approval testing of welding procedures and welders, upon which the following bodies were represented:

January 1998

Aiuminium Federation Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Consulting Scientists British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Gas pic British Nuclear Fuels plc British Railways Board British Steel Industry Electricity Industry in United Kingdom Engineering Equipment and Matem Users Association General, Municipal, Boilermake= and Allied W e s Union Health and Safety Executive Lloyds Register of Shipping Minishy of Defence Power Generation Conhctors Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Process Plant Association Railway Industry Association of Great Britain stainless Steel Fabricators Association of Great Britain United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority The Welding Institute Welding Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd)

indicated in the margin by a sideline

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 16 August 1997

Q BSI 1998 Amendments issued since publication

Amd No.

9665

The following BSI references 9804 reiate to the work on this standard Conuni* reference WEm6 Draft for comment 89/70006 DC

ISBN O 080 20320 6

August 1997 Indicated in the margin by a sideline


Issue 2, January 1998 BS EN 287-1 : 1992

1 to 11 12 13 to 26

Back cover , Inside back cover

Summary of pages The following table identifies the current issue of each page. Issue 1 indicates that a page has been introduced for the frst time by amendment. Subsequent issue numbers indicate an updated page. Vertical sidelining on replacement pages indicates the most recent changes (amendment, addition, deletion).

Page I issue Front cover Inside front cover a b i u

3 3 2 blank 2 blank

Page Issue

2 3 2 blank 2

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~ - S T D - B S I B S EN 287-1-ENGL 1 9 9 2 LbZLibbS Ob72b7b 722 W

Issue 2, August 1997 BS EN 287-1 199WAl: 1997

National foreword

This British standard has been prepam under the direction of the Welding standards Poiicy Committee and is the English language venion of EN 287 Appmual testing of welders -Fusion weling - Part 1 : Steels, incorporathuj amendment Al, pubished by the European Commim for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS 4871 : Part 1 : 1982 which is withdram. EN 287-1 was produced as a muit of intemational discussions in which the K took an active part.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity *om legal obligations.

Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 26, an inside back cover and a back cover.

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STD-BSI B S E N 287- I -ENGL 1 9 9 2 I L b 2 4 b b Ob72b 7 b 5 I

EN 287-1 Febniary 1992

+Al April 1997

UDC: 621.79167.2 : 377.127.6 : 669.14

Descriptors. Welding, fusion welding, steels, welders (personnel), approval, specifications, inspection, tests, acceptability, quality ceitificate

Ehghsh version

Approval testing of welders - Fusion weldug - Partl: steels

(includes amenment Al : 1997)

QuaMicalion des soudeurs - Soudage par fusion - partie 1: Aciers (inclut iamencement Al : 1997)

prufung von SchweiBeni - Schmelzschweilsem - Teillstahl (enMt nderung Al : 1997)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1992-02-21; amendment Al was approved by CEN on 1997-01-11. CEN membeis are bound to comply with the CENKENELEC Internal F&guWons which stipdate the conditions for giving this European standard the status of a nationai standard without any alteration. Up-tdate lists and bibiographicai references conceming such nationai standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretaria& or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (Engush, French, German). A version in any other ianguage made by tmsation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notied to the Centrai Secre- has the same status as the ofcia versions. CEN members are the nationai stan- W e s of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Ge-, Greece! Iceland, bland, I*, Luxembourg, Netherlands, N o m s Portugai, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Nonnalisation Europtusches Komitee fur Normung

Centrai Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1060 Brussels

O l B 7 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 287-1 : 1WA1 : 1997 E


1

Foreword This staradard has been prepared by Working Gmup 2 A p p d -ts for welding and ailied processes pemonnei of CENITC 121, Welding. For this tandard, IsO/DIs 90W1 Appmud &thg sf udd4m -I"usion d w -part 1: StedS, was considered and used as a basis. How-, dtemions were necessary due to the considemtion of experience and updated knowledge. In acconlance wih the Common CEWCENELEC

the following countxies am bound to implement this

Finland, France, Gemany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Itay, Iammbourg, Netherhds, Normy, Poxtug4 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

hiles, b e i i part of the Intemal Regulations of CEN,

Europeantan*A~BelgiWDenmark,

Foreword of amendment A l This amen- EN2874 : 19WAl: 1997to EN 287-1 : 1992, has been prepared by % h i c a l

This amexuimenttothe European standard EN 287-1 : 1992 shall be given the staxus of 8 national

commatee CENA'C 121, Welding, the s e c m of which is held by DS.

smuad, either by pubkation of an identical text or by endomement, at the latest by October 1997, and confiicting nationai standaras should be withdrawn at thel&t?StbyOCtOber1997. Acconhgtothe c E " E L E C Intemal Regulations, the national seandards oxganbaons of the following coinitnes are bound to implement this Amendmeirt:

Belgtum, Denmaiic, FMand, France, a-, G-, 1- Ireland, W, Lwtembourg, Netherlands, NOT, Porhigal Spain, Sweden, !%vitzerland and the United Kingdom.

Contenfs

Foreword Foreword of amendment Al Introducton

1 %ope 2 Normathrereferences i) Dehitiom 4 symbolsandabbreviations 5 Jhentid variables for a p p d testing 6 Range of approvai for the welder 7Examinati 'onandtesting 8 Acceptance- for test

9ReteSls pieces

10 Periodofvadity Certification 12 De&nation h e x e s A (normathre) Comparison of steel

B (infomathe) Welder a p p d test groups

certjflcaie c (it lf0nnative)Man~'swelding

procedure spec in cation^ D (infomutive) Job knowiege

page 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 9 11

20 20 20 21 21

22

23

24 26


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EN 287-1 : 1WA1: 1997

Intsoduction This standard covers the principles to be obsewed in the approval testing of welder pe r fomce for the fusion welding of steels. The quaity of work involved in welding depends on the skill of the welder to a high degree. The ability of the welder to follow verbal or written instructions and testing of his skill axe therefore important f W i s in ensuring the quaiity of the welded product. Testing of skill to this standard depends on welding methods in which uniform rules and test coiiditions are complied with, and standard test pieces are used. This standard applies to processes where the skiil of the welder has a signicant influence on weld quality. This s t a n M is intended to provide the basis for the mutuai nxognition by examining bodies for approval relating to welders competence in the Vanoiis fields of application. Tests shali be canied out in accordance with this standard unless more severe tests lue specified by the relevant application standan when these shall be applied. The test weid may be used to approve a welding procedure and a welder provided that all the relevant requirements, e.g. test piece dunensions, are satisfied (see EN 2883). The welders skill and job knowlege conthue to be approved only if the welder is working with neasonable continuity on welding work within the extent of apProd. All new approvals are to be in accordance with this standard h m the date of this issue. However, this standard does not invaMate previous welders approvals made to fonner national s.tandards or specifications, providing the intent of the techniai requirements is satjsfied and the previous approvas are relevant to the application and production work on which they are to be employed. Also, where additionai tests have to be carried out to make the approval technically equivalent it is ony necessary to do the additionai tests on a test piece which should be made in accordance with this standard. Consideration of previous approvals to former nationai standards or specifications should be at the time of the enquirycontract stage and agreed between the contiacting parties.

1 scope This standard species essentiai requirements, ranges of approval, test conditions, acceptance requirements and certification for the approvai of welder perfomiance for the welding of steels. The recommended format for the certificate of approval testing is given in annex B.

During the approval test the welder should be required to show adequate practical experience and job knowledge (test non mandatory) of the welding proceses, materials and safety requirements for which he is to be approved, infomation on these aspects is given in annex D. This: standard is applicable when the welders approval testing is required by the purchaser, by inspection authorities or by other organizations. This: standard applies to the approvai testing of welders for the fusion welding of steels. The welding processes referred to in this standard include those fusion welding processes which are designated as manuai or partly mechanized welding. This standard does not cover fully mechanized and automatic welding processes (see 6.2). This standard covers approval testing of welders for work on semi-finished and nnished products made from wrought, forged or cast material types listed in 6.4. The certjficate of approvai testing is issued under the sole responsibility of the examiner or examining body. I 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or u n M reference, provisions from other publications. These nomiative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Stanclad only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest eition of the publication referred to applies,

EN 2882 S W a h and approval of welding pmcedums for mWic materah - part 2: WWing prooedure Jpeci,fiction for arc welcli?lg Spec@mtion and appmad of wel&.ing p?m?dum for mdau2c materials - Part 3: welding pmeduw tests for the am weing of ste4?ls

EN 2883

classifzc&tion of covered elaccrodes for man& metal arc wWiW of m h sW, m h m a w a w e steels and micrr, alloysd SW

Paemnt inspection - Part 1: General pincpks for the examnutm

prEN 499

EN 571-1 NonaesmuCCive testing -

EN 910 DescMzctive tests on welds in metQL?ic materials -Bend tests

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pese 4 h e 2, ihgust 19Y7 EN 287-1 : 1WM : 1997

3 Demtions 3.1 welder A d d e r who hoids and manipulaees the elecmde how welding gun, torch or blowpipe by hand 3.2 weling operator A welder who aperaks welding -ment with mechanized~movementbetweenthe electmde hold% welding gun, torch or blowpipe and the workpkce. 3s examber or eramhhg body A persoai or oganiZaton who verifies compliance with theappicablestmdard. Theexaminerexamin@bocb. shall be acceptable to any contmthg patty.

3.4 welding procedure spedncation (WPS) A document prcrviding in detail the muired variables for a specific application to assure rePea;tability. 3.5 range of approval The extent of approvai for an esenthi variable. 3.6 test piece The welded assembly which is used in the approval test. 3.7 test specimen The pait or portion cut from the test piece in order to perfom a specied destructive test 3 8 test A series of operations which will include the making of a welded test piece and subsequent norKies&uctive andor destructive testing and repom of redis.

4 Symbols and abbreviations 4.1 General Where the full wording is not used, the following symbols and abbmhions shabeusedwhen completing the test certificate (see mex B). 4.2 b s t piece

a BW D Fw P t

T z

nominalthmatthickness butk weld outside diameter of pipe llet weld P W p W or pipe wall thickness Pipe leg length of llet weld

4.3 Consumable (inclung anxiihries, e.g. shielding gaa, flux)

nm wm A B C R RA RB RC m S

no ier metai with iler metal acid coming basiccovering celluldc covering rutile covering rutiieacid covering

rute-cellulosic covering rutile thick covering other types

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I 4.4~isceimeous bs welding fmm both sides gg mb welding with backing material nb welding without backing ng ss singe-sidewelding

back gouging or back grinding of welds

no back gouging or no back grinding

6 Essential variables for approval testing 5.1 General The criteriaspecied inthisclauseshalibe examined in order to ident@ the ability of the welder in these areas. Each criterion is considered to be a significant factor in the appmva testing. The welders approval test shall be carried out on test pieces and is independent of the type of construction. 0.2 Welding processes Welding processes are dened in Is0 857 and reference numbers of welding processes for symbolic: representation am listed in Iso43. This standard cove= the foliowing welding proceses: 111 - metal- welding with covered elecme; 114 - fluxcored wire metal-arc weling whout gas

I 2 2 submei.ged arc welding with wire eectsode; 131 - metal-arc inert gas welding (MIG welding); 136 - metai-m adive gas welding (MAG welding); 136 - flux 360 Nhnm2 as weil as mnilady weldable nickel steels, with a nickel content of 2 % to 5 96 6.4.2.5 Group W4 Ferritic or martensitic stainless steels, with a chromium content of 12 % to 20 %. 5.4.2.6 Group W 11 Stainless femtic-austentic and austenitic stainless chromium-nickel (CrNi) steels. 6.5 Consumables 6.6.1 General It is assumed that in most approval tests the mer metal wiil be simiiar to the parent metal. When a welders test has been d e d out using a ier metal, shielding gas or flux suitable for that materiai group, this test wiil confer approval on the welder to use any other similar c o d i e s (mer metai, shielding gas Or flux) for the same material group.

1 The wod pipe, alone or in combinatfon, is used to mean pipe, tube or hollow section.

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STDmBSI BS EN 287-1-ENGL 1 7 7 2 Lb2LibbS Ob72702 8'4b

I able 1. Teet piece (plate or pipe) and range of approval Test piece thcknees t Bange of approval mm t s 3 t to 2tQ 3 < t r 1 2 3mmt02t.2) t > 12 z6mm 1) or oxy-acetyiene ~eling @il): t to 1,s t. 2, For oxy-acetylene welding (311): 3 mm to 1,6 t.

'hble 2. ' ks t piece diameter and range of approval Test piece diunetu DI) Piape of approval mm Ds26 Dto2D 25cDS150 D>150 = 0,5D

0,5D to 2D (26 mm min)

For structurai hollow d o n s 'D' is the dimension of the Smallest side.

Page 6 Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1992/Al: 1997

5.6.2 M e t a k m weWng with covered electroda

the most impoltant chamteristics according to prEN 499 as follows:

covered electsode groups are classified with respect to

- A acidcavering; - B basiccove-, - C celuio&cowring; - R nitilecovering

- RB rutile-basic covering;

- FE nitilethickcavering; - S othem.

- RA nitil&dcoVeIing;

- RC nitilt+dh.d&~~~Vering;

NOTE. For further details on covered electrodes reference should be made to prEN499, Is0368oor Is03581 according to the steel in question.

6.6 Dimendone The welder appiwal test shall be based on the thickness of the materlal (Le. piate thickness or waU thickness of pipe) and pipe diametem which the welder wi use in production A test is listed for each of the three wes of plate thickness and pipe wall thickn- or pipe diameter as specified in tales 1 and 2. it is not intended that thicknesses or diameters should be measured precisely but tather the general philosophy behind the d u e s given in tables 1 and 2 should be applied.

6.7 Welding positsons For the purpose of this stanard the welding positions idened in ngureS 1 and 2 shall apply (according to IS0 6947). Angles of slope and rotation for straight welds in the welding positions shall be in accordance with Is0 6947. The positions and angles use in the a p p d test shall be based on the same tolerances as used in production

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Issue 2, August 1997 Page 7 EN 287-1 : 1992/Al: 1997

PA flat

PG vertical downwards

a) Butt welds

PE overhead

PA flat

PD horizontal overhead

PG vertical downwards

b) Fillet welds

Mgnre 1. Welding positions for plates

PC horizontal

PF vertical upwards

// ,\\" PB horizontal vertical

PF vertical upwards

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STD.BSI B S EN 287-1-ENGL 1792 1b24bb7 b72704 bL9

pase 8 Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1WM : 1997

Pipe: roiating PA Axis: horizontal

Weld flat

Pipe: fixed

Weld: horizontal PC Axis:verticai

a) Bu# w e h

@ f Pipe: fixed

PG Axis: horizontal Weld: vertical downwards

Pipe: fixed J-LO45 Axis: inclined

Pipe: mtang PA Axis: indined

Weid: flat

Pipe: fixed PF Axis: horizontal

Weld: vertical upwards

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Weld: vertical downwards Weld: upward

Pipe: fixed PB Axis:ver&ical

b) F u t welde

Weld: horizontal vertical

Pipe: fixed H-LO45 Axis: inclined

Pipe: rotating

Weld: horizontal vertical PB Axis: horizontal

Pipe: fixed PF Axis: horizontal

Weld: vertical upwards

Pipe: fixed PG Axis: horizontal

Weld: vertical downwards pJ . .

Pipe: fixed

Weld: horizontal overhead PD Axis: vertical

Figure 2. Weling positions for pipes


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6 Range of approval for the welder 6.1 General A s a general rule, the test piece approves the welder not only for the conditions used in the test, but also for aii joins which are considered easier to weid. The range of approva for each type of test is given in the relevant subclauses and tables. in these tables the range of a p p h is indicated in the same horizontal h e . 6.2 Welding process Each test nomially appmes one pn>cess. A change of process requires a new a p p d test Howweq it is possible for a welder to be approved for more than one welding process by a single test or by two separate a p p h tests to be used to cover a muiti-process joint For example, in a case where appmval is required for a singleside butt joint with the root to be welded by TiG (141) without backing and to be ed by meta-arc welding with covered electrode (111), the welder may be appmved by either of the following routes:

a) successful completion of an approval t , simuating the muiti-process joint, i.e. the root run welded by TIG (141) *ut backing, subsequent runs or layers welded by metalarc welding with covered electrode (111) within the limits of the range of a p p d for each welding process; b) successful completion of separafe relevant appmval tests one for TiG (141) without backing for the root run and a sepamte test for the fiil by metal-suc welding with covered electrode (111) with backing or welded from both sides with or without gouging.

6.3 Joint types Depending on the test piece, the range of welds for which the welder is approved is shown in table 3; the following cnteM are applicable:

a) approvai for butt welds in pipes includes butt welds in plates; b) approvai for butt welds in piates in all relevant positions covers butt welds on pipes having an outside diameter 1 MK) nun, except item c) also applies; c) appromi on test butt joints in piata welded in the flat (PA) or horizontai (IT) position shall include appnwal for butt joints in pipes of outside diameter 2 150 mm welded in similar positions according to table 7; d) welding from one sie without backing approves welds from one side with backing and welds ficm both sides with and without gouging; e) welding in piates or pipes with backing appmves welds made from both sides, but not for welds without backkg f ) butt welds approve flllet welds for similar welding conditionq g) in cases where the production work is predominantly llet weling, it is recommended that the welder should be approved also by an appropriate let weling test, Le. on plate, pipe or bmch connection (see EN 2883); h) welding from both sides without gouging appmves weids from one side with backing and welds from both sides with gouging; i) approva for butt welds in pipes without backing includes appmval for branch c ~ e c t i o n s within the same range of appnrval as in tables 3t43 7. For a branch weld the range of approval is based on the diameter of the branch j) in cases where the prouction work is either predominantly branch welding or involves a complex branch connection, it is recommended that the welder &odd receive special train@. in some cases a welder approval test on a branch connection may be nec-.

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Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1992hU: 1997

Defails of weld type Banee Butt II Weldei

Bua weld in piate

No backing nb)

EM$ weld in pipe

aides (be) tm) with No with No gouging gouging backing backing tee) (ne) (mb) Crib)

,nts (Detasls of weld type)

fmm one side (ss)

3 1 approval I

backing N~ nb X

elde in plate fiom one side I Welded &om both

I Butt welds in pipe I Welded fiom one side

* X X 1) 1) Welded

backing With a X

Igouging I I Welded I with Imb I x

fromboth gouging No ng X

fmmone side (ss)

I x l - I l ) I- I -

backing - backing NO nb X

ii8teri.l group of approval teat piece

WO2 WO3

I

indicam the weld for which the welder is approved in the approval test x indicates those welds for which the welder is also approved. - indicates those welds for which the welder is not approved.

Range of approval

W O2 welded to W 01') W O2 welded to W 011) W O3 welded to W 01') W O3 welded to W O2l)

f3.4 Material groups According to the material group of the test piece, the range of materials for which a welder is approved is shown in tables 4 and 6 (see 5.4). For any steel not covered by any of the steel groups the welder shai cany out an appromi test, which oniy appmves for thatsteel

1Id.teri.l I group of I 'Ilable 4. Range of approvai for parent metal

Range of approval I I I I

-

wo1 WO2 WO3 WOQ w 11

I teet approval piece Iwo1 Iwo2 (wog Iwo4 Iw11 - - - - * * - - - X

X X * X X - * - x u xi ) x u x u *

- -

'hble 6. m e of approval for dissimilar I metal joints

WOQ W O2 welded to W 01') W O4 welded to W 01') wo4weldedtowO21) W 11 welded to W 0l2) w 11 welded to w 022) W 11 welded to W 032) W 11 welded to W M2)

For a dissimilar metal joint the mer metal shail correspond to the p u p of one of the parent metais. 2) When using iier metai h m materia group w 11.


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6 6 Covered electrodes 7 Examination and testing

a change in the welder's technique. An approval test of electrode coating wiu confer approvai of the welder for The welding anci testing of test pieces shall be other coatings as specied in table 6.

A change in the type of electrode coatjng ma^ require 7.1 Supervision I

I 'Pable 6. Range of approval for electrode 'Lppe of covered electroden of approval teet

C

A;RA RRB;RC;RR B C S')

Range of approval

s oniy gives appr~al for the specific type of eiectmie coating usedinthetest. Key * indicates the covered electrode type for which the welder is appmved in the approvai test X indicates those electrode groups for which the welder is also

- indicates those electrode group for which the welder is not mmved.

approved.

6.6 Consumables A change of shielding gas or flux is permithi (see 6.6.1). 6.7 Dimensions The range of approval according to piate thiclmess or wail thickness of pipe andior pipe diameter is shown in tables 1 and 2.

6.8 Welding positions The range of approval for each welding position is given in table 7. The welding positions and codes refer to figures 1 and 2 (according to ISO6947).

I witnessed by an examiner or examining body The test pieces shaii be marked with the identification of the examiner and the welder Mom weling staits. The examiner or test body may stop the test if the welding conitions are not correct or if it appears that the welder does not have the technid competence to achieve the required stanar, e.g. where there are e x c w e andor systematic repah 7.2 Shapes and dimensions of test pieces The shape and dimension of test pieces (see 6.6) required are shown in figures 3 to 6.

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S T D - B S I BS E N 287-1-ENGL 1 7 7 2 Is 1b24bb7 b72707 LTO

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(Dimensions in millimetres)

Fignre 3. Dimensions of test piece for a butt weld in phte

I I

Fort 2 6 mm, a I 0,5t

Fort < 6 mm, 0 3 5 a It

(Z te 0,7t)


Figure 4. Dimensions of tea, piece for fillet weld(s) on paate


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I D (Dimensions in millimetres) I

m e 6. Dimensions of test piece for a butt weld in pipe


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t corresponds to the thinner part

Fort 2 6 mm, a I; 0 3

Fort < 6 mm, 0,5t s a s t

(Z = 0,7t)

(Dimensions in miiimetres)

Figure 6. Dimensions of test piece for a iet weld on pipe!

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7.3 Welding conditions The appmvai test for the welder shall correspond to the conditions used in produclion and follow a WPS or pWPS (see 3.4) prepared in accordance with EN 2882. A format for the WPS or pWPS is given in annex C. When preparing the WPS the following conditions shall apply:

a) the test shail be carried out with the welding

b) filler metai(s) shall be compatible for the particUiar welding process(es) and pition(s); c) the edge preparation of plates and/or pipes for the tese piece shail be representative of that to be used

d) the dimensions of the test piece shall be specified in the tables and ngureS in this stanchi (see tables 1 and 2 and figures 3 to 6); e) the welding shall be carried out in the pition(s) and angie(s) of branch comnecons nonnally used in production (see figures 1 and 2); f) the weld shall be assessed in accordance with C i a i i s e 8 ; g) the welding time for the test piece shail correspond to the working time under usual production conditions; h) the test piece shall have at least one stop and one mazut in the mot run and in the top capping run and be identified in the inspection length to be examined; i) any preheat or controiied heat input required in the WPS or pWPS is mandatory for the welder's test Piece; j) any *weld heat treatment requhd in the WPS orpWPS maybe omiaedunlesbend tests are required; k) identification of the test piece; 1) the welder shall be ailowed to remove minor imperfections, except on the surhice iayer, by grinding, gouging or any other method used in producion. The a p p d of the examiner or test

process(es) to be used in produdoq

in productioq

body shallbe Obtained. 7.4 Test methods Each compieted weld shall be examined visuay in the awveide condition. When requhd (see table S), visualxzmmaQ - paxticle (see EN 1290), penetrant (see EN 671-1) or other test methods, and macro tests (see EN 1321) on butt welds.

radiogmphic, hcture tests and/or macro tests are required (see table 8). The macro spechen shall be prepared and etched on one side to clearly reveai the weld When I a d i w h y is used, bend tesCs shall always be applied to butt welds made by MIcidMAG (131,136) or by oxy-acetylene (311) proceases. fior to mechanical &sting, backing &zips, where used, shall be remave& The test piece can be sectioned by thennai cutting or by mechanical means discarding the

'on can be supplemented by magnetic

If accepted by visual inspection, additional

nrst and ias t25m of the test piece at the end of the piates (figures 7 and 8).

'hble 8. Test methods Test method

V Radiography Bend Fkactwe Macro

Magnetic wticle/uenetrant

(withoutpolishllig)

Butt weld Pipe

*w> *2>

*i>

*

+

+

Fillet weld

* + + *3)4)

*4>

+

Radiography or fracture test shall be used, but not both. When radiography is used, then bend tests are mandatory for

the processes 131,136 and311. 3, The fracture test should be supported by magnetic particielpenetrant testing when required by the examiner or examing body. J)The fracture test may be replaced by a macro examination of at least 4 sections, one of which will be taken from the stop/start location. 5, The radiogmphic test may be replaced by an UltraSOnic test for thickness z 8 mm on ferritic steels oniy

" indicates that the test method is mandatory. + indicates that the test method is not mandatov.

Key

7.6 Test piece and test specimens 7.5.1 General in 7.5.2 to 7.5.8 details of the type, dimensions and prepamtion of test pieces and test specimens are given. in adition, the requllements for mechanical tats are i n d i e

7.8.2 Butt w e m in plate When mdiogmphy is used, the inspecton length (see figure 7a) of the weld in the test pieces shall be dographed in the aswelded condition in accordance with EN 1436 using class B technique. When fracture testing according to EN 132Ois used, the fd test piece inspection length shai be tested and to do this, the test piece shall be cut into severai test specimens (see figure 7a). The length of any naCaire test specimen shall be = 5 0 m f n e c ~ , the excess weld metai of the test specimen may be removed and additionaliy the weld edges may be notched to a depth of = 6 m t o faciiitate fracture in the weld metai (see ngUre ?b). in the case of singlesided welding (ss) without backing (nb), haif of the inspection length shaii be tested against the face side and the other half against the mot side (see figures 7c and 7d).

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S T D - B S I BS E N 287-1-ENGL 1 9 9 2 1 b 2 4 b b Ob72713 b2L E

Issue 2, August 1997 Page 17 EN 287-1 : 1992JAl: 1997

When transvem bend testing is used, 2 mot bend test specimens and 2 face bend test specimens shaii be tested in accordance with EN 910. The dianieter of the former or the inner muer shall be 4t and the bending angie at least 120" unless the low ductility of the parent metal or ier metai imposes other limitatons. During testing, the test specimens shai not reveal any one singie failure > 3 mm in any direction. F a i m appearing at the comers of a test specimen during testing shai be ignored in the evaiuation. For piate thickness 1 12 mm, the transvem? bend tests may be Substtute by 4 side bend tests.

7.6.3 FiUet weld on plate For fracture tests according to EN 1320, the test piece may be cut, if nec-, into severai test specimens (see figure 8a). Each test specimen sha be positioned for breaking as shown in figure Sb, and examined after fracture. When macro examhation is used, it shai be in accordance with EN 1321.

a) Sectioning into an even-numbered quantity of test specimens

I n

8 Inspection

length of the test specimen

b) Preparation

c) Fracture testing face bend test


d) Fracture testing root bend test

Figure 7. Preparation and fracture testing of test specimens for a butt weld in plate

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STD-BSI BS--N S7-i-ENGL C772 D Lb2LibbS Ob72714 5bA

Page 18 he 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1W.: 1997

Inspection length of

a) Sectioning into an even-numbered quantity of test specimens


b) Fracture testing ("he fillet weld may be notched if necessary)

Figure 8. Preparation and fiacture testing of test specimens for a ilet weld on Ph*

7.6.4 Butt we in p2pe When dogmphy is used, the inspectson length of the weld in the test piece shaD be radiographed in the aswelded condition in accordance with EN 1436 using class B technique, except where double wall technique is nec-. When fracaire testing according to EN 132Ois used, the full test piece inspecton length sha be tested and to do this the test piece shall be cut into at least4test

A minimum weld length of 16mm is requid for testing of pipes. ifthe circumference is less than 16 mm, additionai weld test pieces, but max. three test pieces, wi be requhd The inspecm length of test specimen shall be ~l4mm. ifnec-, the excess weld metal of the test specimen may be moved and additionally the weld edges may be notched to a depth of =6mm to facilitate acmre in the weld metai (see figure 9b). In the case of .qingi&de welding (ss) without backing (nb), haif of the inspection length (see figure 9a) shaii be tested against the face side and the other haif against the mot side (see figures 9c and sd). When transverse bend testing is used, 2root bend test specimens and2 face bend test specimens shaii be tested in accorance with EN 910. The diameter of the former or the inner roiler shall be 4t and the bending ange at least 120" unless the low ductility of the parent metai or fiiler metal imposes other Ilmitatons.

specimens (see bigure 9a).

For the sectioning of test pieces welded in position PF, PG, H-Lo45 and J-Lo45 ( ~ e e ngureS 2 and 9a), test specimens shai be taken from diemt welding positions. During testing, the test specimens sha not reveai any onesingle failure > 31t~t1inanydbction. Failures appearing at the cornem of a test specimen during testing shall be ignored in the evaiuation. Forwalthiclmess B 12mm, thetransveise bend tests may be sub;stlhited by 4 side bend tests.

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STD.BSI EIS EN 27-2-ENGL 1772 LI Lb24bb7 O b 7 2 7 2 5 4 T 4 Is

Issue 2, August 1997 Page 19 EN 287-1 199!ZA1: 1997

a) Sectioning into a t least four test specimens

8 inspection 40

length of the 1-1 w test specimen b) Preparation

position 1 for 1 root or position 2 for 1 root or position 3 for i root or position 4 for 1 roct or

side bend side bend side bend side bend

specimen spec i men specimen specimen

length of the test piece

c) Fracture testing face bend test

d) Fracture testing root bend test


Figure 9. Preparation and fracture testing of test specimens for a butt weld in pipe

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b e 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1WA.l: 1W

acceptance nquirements specified for relevant types of imperfections. A full errplanation of thex imperfections is given in EN 26520. The acceptance riequirements for impexfections found by test methods according to this

m accordance with EN 26817. A welder is approved if the imperfections in the test piece are within the specifed limits of level B in EN 25817, except for iniperiectiOn types as fdows: exceas weld metal, excessive convexi& exce58 throat thickness and excessive pmetraon, for which levei C shail apply

standard shall, lmlm OtheIWise specifed, be assessed

7.64 FWet wei on pipe For fracture tesis according to EN 1320, the test piece shai be cut into 4 or more test specimens and

when^^ on according to EN 1321 is used, at least4 test specimens shaii be taken equaily spaced around the pipe.

flacwml (see ngure 10).

a) Sectioning into test specimens


9 &-tests If any test piece fails to comply with the requirements of this standard, the welder shall produce a new test piece. If it is established that failm is attributed to the welders lack of skiil, the welder shall be regarded as incapable of complying with the requirements of this standard without further tralliing before re-testllig. If it is established that failure is due to metallurgical or other extraneous causes and cannot be dll.ectly attributed to the welders lack of skill, an additional test or additional test specimens are required in order to assess the quaiity and integrity of the new test niaterial andor new test conditions.

10 Period of validity 10.1 Initiai approval The vaiidity of the welders approvd begins from the date when all the required tests are sathhdorily completed. This date may be different to the date of issue marked on the certificate. A welders approval shall remain valid for a period of two years providing that the relevant certificate is signed at six month intervais by the employer/coordinator and that all the following conditions are fulfilled.

a) The welder shall be engaged with reasonable continuity on welding work within the current range of approvai. An interruption for a period no longer than six months is pemiibted. b) The welders work shall be in genenil accorance with the technical conditions under which the approval test is carried out. c) There shai be no specific reason to question the welders skill and knowledge.

if any of these conditions are not fullled, the approva shall be cancelled. 10.2 Proiongation The vaidity of the approval on the certificate may be prolonged for uther periods of two y m , within the origina mnge of approval, provided each of the following conditions accoring to 10.1 are fulnlled: - the production welds made by the welder are of the required quality; - records of tests, e.g. half-yea@ domnenMon about X-ray or ultrasonic inspections or test reports about fracme tests shail be maintained on e with the welders approval certificate.

The examiner or examnUng body shall v e m compliance with the above conditions and sign the pmlongation of the welders approval test certificate. 135


S T D a B S I BS E N 287-1-ENGL 1772 Lb24bb7 Ob72717 2 7 7

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Issue 2, August 1997 Page 21 EN 287-1 : 1 W A l : 1997

il Certification It shall be passed the performance approval test. Ail relevant test conditions shail be recorded on the certificate. the M W o n 1: welder fails any of the prescribed tests, no ce&cate shallbe h e d . ss nb The cel.tincate shail be h e d under the sole responsibility of the examiner or test body and shall contain all the i n f o d o n detailed in annex B. The format of annex B is recommended to be used as the welders a p p d test certificate. If any other fonn of welderss approval &sis certificate is used, it shail contain the information required in annex B. The manufacturers WPS as shown in annex

followed by further elements of the details of the weld type in the order as given in clause 4, separated by ,l. mese elements are not part of the computer record.

Welder approval EN 287-1 111 P BW W11 B t9 PF

that the has success full^

Explanaton

Welding process: metai-arc welding with 111 covered electrode Plate P

BW weld WUP: austenitic steel w11

C shail give information about materials, welding Filler metal: basic cove- Dimension of test piece: thicknm 9 mm Co9

B positions, processes and range of approval etc., in accordance with this standard. The welders approval test C e M m be -4 welding @tiOK butt weld on piate, PF least in one of the offciai CEN languages (English, Fiench, Gem).

vertical upwards Details of the weld type:

The practicai kst and the examination of job single side knowledge (see annex D) shall be designated by accepted or hot tested.

- without backing

ss nb

Each change of the essentiai variables for the approval testing beyond the permitted ranges requirts a new test and a new approval certificate.

hignation example 2 Welder approval EN 287-1 311 T BW WO1 nm to2 D20 PA ss nb

12 Designation The designation of a welder approval shall comprise the foiowing items in the order given (the system is amnged so that it can be used for computerization): - the number of this siandan$ - the essentiai variables: - welding processes: refer to 6.2 and IS0 4063; - semi-nnished product: piate (P), pipe o! refer to 6.3; -joint type: butt weld (BW), fillet weld 0, refer to 6.3; - materia group: refer to 6 4 - iier metal: refer to 5.5; - size of test piece: thickness (t) and pipe diameter CD). refer to 6.6

Explanation

Welding process: oxy-acetylene welding 311 pipe T Butt weld BW Material group: lowarbon aiioyed steel WO1 m e r metal: no filler metal Dimension of test piece:

nm

thickness 2 mm to2 pipe diameter 20 mm D20

butt weld on pipe, roating pipe, horizontal axis, flat

Details of the weld type:

Welding position: PA

single side . , , Y, w, , w, w, XMM, , xx, w.

EN287-1, lll, P, BW, Wll, FtB, tlo, D200, -Low, ss), hb Example:

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Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1992l.N: 1997

Annex A (normative) Comparison of steel group^ thpuison of steel gmups in EN 287-1 welder a p p d with the steel 8zioups in the welding p m e d m standard EN2883.

Steel groups 1 I Welding procedure according to I appmvd I EN !BS-a

I I wo1 Il 1

2,397 steel with a nickel content

I special welders approvai is required (see 6.4). I


STD-BSI BS EN 287-It-ENGL i772 a Lb24bb7 Ob72727 0 4 T =

Weld test de-

Welding process Plate or pipe Joint type Parent metal group(s) Fiier metal typddesigmtion Shieling gases AUXibieS %st piece thickness (mm) Pipe outside diameter (mm) Welding position Go- kllig

h i e 2, August 1997 Page 23 EN 287-1 : 1992/Al: 1997

Range of approval

Annex B (informative) Welder approval test certinCate I h i g I W i O I t

M a n m r s weling procedm specific;ilion Examiner or examining body

Not reqdred

Reference no. (if applicable) Reference no.

Name, date and signature

Examiner or examining body

Date of issue

Location

validity of approval until

Welders name:

Ippe of test

V i Raiogmphy Magnetic particlejpenetrant Macro Fiacture Bend Additional tesCs*

Identication: Method of identification: Dalx and place of birtlx Employer M m s t a n w

Performed and acceptable

(if required) ,DP

Date Signature

Job knowledge: acceptabldnot tested (delete as necessary)

Position or title for thfouowing i years (rfer to 10.2)

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Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1WAl: 1997

BUD

Annex C (informative) Man-rs welding procedure specincation (WPS) (See EN 2882)

Proce!ss Sizeof Current Voltage meof Wire feed Bunout Heat

metal travel ller A V cumentipolarity spee length/ inpul?

I Location: M a n m r s welding procedure: Reference no.: wm no.:

Man- Welders name: Welding process Joint type: Wdd prepamtion details (sketchy):

Examllier or examinllig bocbr:

Method of preparation and cleaning: Parent material specidon:

Material thicknm (m): Outside diameter (m): Welding position:

Welding Detaiis

-on of welding txmmmables and trade name:

Anyspeciaibakingorw Gas/flux: Pulse welding details

other informationz): e.g. weaving (maximum width of run): Ckiilaon: amplitude, fbquency, dwell time:

Stand off distance: Plasma welding details. Torch angle:

shielding: b=kiw

Gas flow rate: shieldllig: -

n i n s g t e n e l ~ t y p e / s i z e : Detaiisofbackgmg@ybackiI@ meat- Inteipriss- postrweld heat treatment andor agwig: lme,temperaaire,method:

Examiner or examinhg bocbr: Name, date and signature:

au-

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STD.BSI BS E N 287-2-ENGL 1 9 9 2 W L b 2 4 b b 9 Ob72721 7TB D

h e 2, August 1997 Page 26 EN 287-1 : 1992/A1: 1997

Annex D (idormative) Job knowlege D.l General nie test of job knowledge is recommended, but it is not mandatow. However, some countries may require that the welder undergoes a test of job knowledge. If the job knowledge teSe is canied out, it should be recorded on the welders cexticate. This annex outlines the job knowledge that a welder shoud have to ensure that procedures aiie followed and common practices complied with The job knowledge indicated in this annex is only pitched at the most basic leveL owingto different trainingpN)gammes in various countries, it is oniy p r o m to stanatize genemi obJecves or categories of job knowledge. The actuai questions used should be drawn up by the individuai counq but should include questions on areas covered in D.2, relevant to the welders approval test. The actuai tests of a welders job knowledge may be given by any of the following methods or combinations of these methods

a) written objective tests (multiple choice); b) oral questioning following a set of written guestions; c) computer testing; d) dmonstmtiodobservalion testing following a wnaen set of criteria

The test of job knowledge is limaed to the matters related to the weldingprocess used in the test. D.2 Beqnirements D.2.1 Welng eq@ment D.2.1.1 ckrpacetylene wdt2.g

a) Identjcation of gas cylinders. b) Identification and assembiy of esential Componem. c) Selection of correct nozzles and welding torches.

a) Identifkation and assembly of essential components and equipment. b) Qpe of welding cumnL c) Correct connection of the welding retum cable.

D.2.1.2 Am weling

D.2.2 We- process3) D.2.2.1 %-mt&n weld.lng ($11)

a) Gaspxesswe. b) Selection of nozzle size. c) Qpe of gas liune. d) Effect of oveheating.

D.2.2.2 Metalarc weld.ing with covemd elscllpde (111)

a) Handing and drying of electrodes. b) Merences of types of electrode.

D.2.2.3 shieided mdalarr: welding (114,131, 185,136, 141,15)

a) Qpes and size of electrodes. b) Identification of shielding gas and Bow rate (without 114). c) Qpe, size and maintmance of nodeskontact tip. d) Selection and limitations of mode of metal transfer e) protecton of the welding arc from draughts.

a) hyjng, feeding and correct recovay of fhur. b) Correct agnment and travel of welding head

a) Identification of material. b) Methos and control of p&wating. c) Control of intepss temperature.

a) Identification of consumabl~. b) storage, handling and conditions of consumables. c) Selection of correct size. d) Cleaniiness of electrodes and fiiler wires. e) Control of wire spooling. f ) Control and monitoring of gas flow rates and quality.

D.2.2.4 suamerged arc &ing (12)

D.2.3 Parent metals

D.2.4 Consumabies

D.2.6 Scbfety and accident prevention D.2.6.1 Genenz

a) safe d l y , setting up and closing down pn>cedures. b) Safe control of welding fumes and gases. c) Personal protection. d) Fire hazards. e) Welding- in confined spaces. f ) Awmness of welding environment.

a) Safe storage, handihg and use of compressed gases- b) Leak detection on gas hases and fittiqp c) b e d u r e to be taken in the event of a ibshback

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Issue 2, August 1997 EN 287-1 : 1 W A l : 1997

D.2d.8 W arc pvcests a) Environment of increase hazard of electric shock. b) Radiation from the arc. c) Effects of stsdy arcing.

a) We storage, handing and use of compressed gases. b) Leak detection on gas hoses and fMngs.

D.2.5.4 Welded gas arc w&ng

D.2.6 Weng sequenceabmcedwes Appreciation of welding procedure requhmnts and the inuence of welding patameters. D.2.7 E e e prepcrration OvLd weld mpmsentatbn

a) confonnay of weld prepamlion to procedure specificaton 0. b) CleanunesS of fusion faces.

a) Identification of imperfections. b) Causes. c) Pmention and mediai action.

D.2.8 We npflecdons

D.2.9 We&r appmvc The welder shall be aware of the range of the approval


BS EN 287-1 : 1992

BSI 389ch i swick~Road Inndon w4 4AL

Issue 2, August 1997

BSI - British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It pmmts the UK view on standards in Europe and at the intemationai level. It is incorporated by Roya Charter. Contraet requirements A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Usem of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Revisions British standards are up

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STD.BS1 BS EN 2B7-L-ENGL 1992 IiW Lb24bb9 b 7 2 7 2 4 407 m

AMD 9804

Amendment No. 2 published and effective from 15 January 1998 to BS EN 287-1 : 1992

Approval testing of welders for fusion welding

Part 1. Steels ~

Instructions for replacement of pages Where only one of the two pages on each sheet has been updated, the other page has been reprinted.

Front cover and inside front cover aandb 11 and 12

Replace the pages Insert the pages immediately after the inside front cover Replace the pages

You may wish to retain the superseded pages, e.g. for reference purposes, if so please mark them Superseded by issue X , where X is the appropriate issue number. if you do not wish to rem the superseded pages, please destroy them.


STD.BSI BS EN 287-L-ENL 1 9 9 2 W Lb24bb9 b72725 343 = BRITISH STANDARD

Approval testing of welders for fusion welding Part 1. Steels

The European Standard EN 287 : Part 1 : 1992, with the incorporation of its amendment Al : 1997, has the status of a British Standard

ICs 25.160.01

IS EN 23'7-1 : 1992

ncorpomting .mendmmt No. 1 and lo. 2

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITED BY COPYRIGHT LAW


STD-BSI B S EN 287-L-ENGL 1772 1111 Lb24bb9 Ob7272b 28T

Amd. No.

ES EN 287-1 : 199WAl: 1997 Issue 3, Jan- 1998

Date Text affected

Committees responsible for this British Standard

9665

The following BSI references 9804 relate to the work on this standard

The preparation of this British Standard was enirusted to Technical Committee WEEi36, Approval testing of welding procedures and welders, upon which the foliowing bodies were represented:

August 1997 Indicated in the margin by a sideline

January Indicated in the margin by a sideline 1998

Aiuminium Federation Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Consulting Scientists British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Gas plc British Nuclear Fuels plc British Railways Board British Steel Industry Electricity Ind- in United Kingdom Engineering Equipment and Material Users Association General, Municipal, Boilermakers and Alied hades Union Health and Safety Executive Lloyds Register of Shipping Ministry of Defence Power Generation Contractois Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Process Piant Association Railway Industry Association of Great Britain Stainless Steel Fabricators Association of Great Britain United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority The Welding Institute Welding Manufacturem Association (BEAMA Ltd)

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 August 1997

0 BSI 1998

Committee reference WEM6 Draft for comment 89/70005 DC I I ISBN O 680 20326 6 I I


S T D - B S I BS EN 287-L-ENGL 1 9 9 2 U lb2LibP9 b 7 2 7 2 7 L L b = Issue 2, January 1998 BS EN 287-1 : 1992

Summary of pages

The following table identifies the current issue of each page. Issue 1 indicates that a page has been introduced for the first time by amendment. Subsequent issue numbers indicate an updated page. Vertical sidelining on replacement pages indicates the most recent changes (amendment, addition, deletion).

Page 1 Issue I Front cover Inside front cover a b i ll

3 3 2 blank 2 blank

Page I issue 1 to 11 12 13 to 26 Inside back cover Back cover

2 3 2 blank 2

O BSI 1998 a COPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling Services

STD.BSI BS E N 287-1-ENGL 1 9 9 2 BT 1b24bb7 b72728 0 5 2

ippe of covered electroden or approval te8t piece

A;w R;RB;RC;RR B C S)

h i e 2, August 1997 Page U EN 287-1 : 1 W . : 1997

Range of approval

A, BA B; BB; RC;RB * - X

X X

*

- - - -

6.5 Covered electrodes A change in the type of elechode coating may require a change in the welders technique. An approval test of electrode coating wil confer a p p d of the welder for other coatings as specied in table 6.

hble 6. Range of approval for electmde c o a t i n g

- *

s oniy gives approvai for the specific type of eiectmie coating usedinthetest Key indicates the covered electrode type for which the welder is approved in the approval test. x indicates those electme groups for which the welder is also approved. - indicates those elechode groups for which the welder is not approved.

6.6 Consumables A change of shielding gas or flux is permitted (see S.5.1). 6.7 Dimensions The range of approva according to plate thickness or wall thickness of pipe and/or pipe diameter is shown in tables 1 and 2. 6.8 Welding positions The range of appmval for each weldmg position is given in table 7. The welding pmitions and codes refer to figures 1 and 2 (according to Iso6947).

7 Examination and testing 7.1 Supervision The welding and testing of test pieces shall be winessed by an examiner or examinuig * . body. The test pieces sha be marked with the identjncation of the examiner and the welder before welding starts. The examiner or test body may stop the test if the welding conditions are not correct or if it a p p a s that the welder does not have the technical competence to achieve the mquh standard, e.g. where there are excessive and/or syskmac repaiis. 7.2 Shapes and dimensions of test pieces The shape and dimension of test pieces (see 5.6) required are shown in ngui.eS3to 6.

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Issue 3, January 1998 EN 287-1 : 1992/A1 : 1997

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O BSI 1998 COPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT European Committee for StandardizationLicensed by Information Handling Services

EN287-1 Approval Testing for Welders

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