En EnvStand9 Waste Classification

Environmental Standards

Waste Classification

KSA Presidency of Meteorology and Environment PME Reference

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Page 2 of 14

Article I Preliminary

1) Definitions

Agricultural Waste is any waste from a farm or market garden and includes organic matter such as manure from livestock, slurry, silage effluent and crop residues. It also includes packaging and film, and animal treatment dips. Animal Waste includes carcases or parts of animals or fish, or products of animal origin not intended for direct human consumption, with the exception of animal excreta and catering waste. This includes wastes from the preparation and processing of meat, fish and other foods of animal origin. Asbestos includes materials containing a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral popular in manufacturing and industry due to its strength, chemical and thermal stability. All waste containing greater than 0.1% asbestos is classified as hazardous waste. Types of asbestos waste are: crocidolite (blue asbestos); actinolite; anthophyllite; chrysotile (white asbestos); amosite (brown asbestos); tremolite; products resulting from the primary crushing of

asbestos ore. Batteries or Accumulators are a source of electrical energy generated by direct conversion of chemical energy and consist of one or more primary (non-rechargeable) batteries or secondary (rechargeable) cells, as listed below: containing more than 0.0005 % of mercury by

weight; containing:

more than 25 mg of mercury per cell, except alkaline manganese batteries,

more than 0.025 % of cadmium by weight,

more than 0.4 % of lead by weight. Alkaline manganese batteries containing more

than 0.025 % of mercury. Batteries contain heavy metals such mercury, lead, cadmium and nickel, which can contaminate the environment when improperly disposed of.

Biodegradable Waste is waste that I s capable of undergoing anaerobic or aerobic decomposition, such as food or garden waste and paper and cardboard, i.e. waste that rots. Bottom Ash is ash that collects at the bottom of a combustion chamber. By-Products are materials that are not one the intended products of a production process and include many wastes that are not spent materials or sludges. Cathode Ray Tubes are vacuum tubes, made primarily of glass, which constitute the video display component of televisions and computer monitors. These tubes are classed hazardous due to their lead constituent. Cement Kiln Dust is a fine dust generated during the cement production process. Competent Agency where referenced, refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment or its designated representative. Construction and Demolition Waste arises from activities such as the construction of buildings and civil infrastructure, total or partial demolition of buildings and civil infrastructure, road planning and maintenance. It mostly includes brick, concrete, hardcore, subsoil and topsoil, but it can also include quantities of timber, metal, plastics and, occasionally, hazardous materials. Corrosivity is the property which identifies wastes that can readily corrode or dissolve flesh, metal or other materials. Dredged Spoils consist of the sediments left over from dredging aggregates (hard rock, sand and gravel) from estuaries or coastal areas. Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) means equipment which is dependent on electric currents or electromagnetic fields in order to work properly and equipment for the generation, transfer and measurement of currents and fields designed for use with a voltage rating not exceeding 1000 volts for alternating current and 1500 volts for direct current. Fly Ash refers to particles of ash, such as particulate matter which may also have metals attached to them, which are carried up the stack of a combustion unit with gases during combustion.

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia National Environmental Standard

Waste Classification



generator is a commercial or industrial organisation which produces or stores trackable waste and arranges for this waste to be sent for storage, recycling, treatment or disposal at another location via an authorised transporter. Green waste is waste from gardens and parks including tree cuttings, branches, grass, leaves (with the exception of street sweepings), sawdust, wood chips and other wood waste not treated with and free of heavy metals or organic compounds. hazardous waste is a waste with properties that make it dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health and/or the environment. ignitability is the property which identifies wastes that can readily catch fire and sustain combustion. KSA refers to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Medical Waste refers to: Any waste which consists wholly or partly of

human or animal tissue, blood or other body fluids, excretions, drugs or other pharmaceutical products, swabs or dressings, or syringes, needles or other sharp instruments, being waste which unless rendered safe may prove hazardous to any person coming into contact with it;

Any other waste arising from medical, nursing,

dental, veterinary, pharmaceutical or similar practice, investigation, treatment, care, teaching or research, or the collection of blood for transfusion, being waste which may cause infection to any person coming into contact with it.

Mines and Quarry Waste includes materials such as overburden, rock inter-bedded with the mineral, and residues left over from initial processing of the extracted material into saleable products. Extraction and processing waste may include: materials such as waste rock and sandy

debris, fine grained materials (tailings), derived from

crushing and washing the mineral. These materials are non-hazardous and mostly chemically inert. They are often largely identical to the geological deposits in the locality from which they are extracted. Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) are man-made chemicals used in a variety of applications such as refrigeration, fire fighting, foam blowing and as solvents and aerosol propellants. Packaging includes products made of any material of any nature used for the containment, protection, handling, delivery and presentation of goods, from raw materials to processed goods, from the producer to the user or the consumer. 'Non-

returnable` items used for the same purposes shall also be considered to constitute packaging. Packaging consists only of: sales packaging or primary packaging, that is,

packaging conceived so as to constitute a sales unit to the final user or consumer at the point of purchase;

grouped packaging or secondary packaging, that is, packaging conceived so as to constitute at the point of purchase a grouping of a certain number of sales units whether the latter is sold as such to the final user or consumer or whether it serves only as a means to replenish the shelves at the point of sale; it can be removed from the product without affecting its characteristics;

transport packaging or tertiary packaging, that is, packaging conceived so as to facilitate handling and transport of a number of sales units or grouped packagings in order to prevent physical handling and transport damage. Transport packaging does not include road, rail, ship and air containers.

particulate matter refers to small dust-like particles emitted from combustion units. PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) PBBs (polybrominated biphenyl) and PCTs (polychlorinated terphenyls) are a group of hazardous compounds used for a number of industrial purposes and in electrical products such as capacitors and transformers. PME refers to the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment who are designated as the responsible authority for the protection of the environment and the development of environmental protection standards in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Power Station Ash is generated from the ash in coal which amounts to abut 15% of the original coal, including pulverised fuel ash and furnace bottom ash. Putrescible Waste is organic matter constituting food scraps, food preparation waste and plate scrapings and other perishable foodstuffs. reactivity is the property which identifies wastes that readily explode or undergo violent reactions. Scrap Metal is derived from two sources: new scrap metal generated from metal

processing, such as off-cuts, stampings, turnings, grindings and swarf from industries carrying out metal fabrication processes;

old scrap metal generated from end of life or obsolete products including heavy scrap from dismantling industrial plants, railway rolling stock and track, and light scrap from the processing of consumer goods such as scrap automobiles and radiators.



Spent Materials are materials that have been used and can no longer serve the purpose for which they were produced without processing. toxicity is the property which identifies wastes that are likely to leach dangerous concentrations of toxic chemicals into groundwater. TPLP refers to Toxicity Property Leaching Procedure. transporter means a person engaged in the off-site transportation of waste by air, rail, highway or water and is anyone who transports the trackable waste from its place of production or storage to another location. TSD Facility refers to a treatment, storage and/or disposal facility. Tyres are composed of vulcanised rubber in addition to the rubberised fabric with reinforcing textile cords, steel or fabric belts and steel-wire reinforcing beads. Waste tyres are those which have been permanently removed from vehicles without the possibility of being remounted for further road use. Used Oil Fuel is any oil that has been refined from crude oil, or any synthetic oil, that has been used and, as a result of such use, is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities. Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) means electrical or electronic equipment which is waste within the meaning of including all components, subassemblies and consumables which are part of the product at the time of discarding. waste handler is a generator, transporter and receiver of waste who has waste responsibilities. Waste Oils are any mineral-based lubrication or industrial oils which have become unfit for the use for which they were originally intended, and in particular used combustion engine oils and gearbox oils, and also mineral lubricating oils, oils for turbines and hydraulic oils. (see also Used Oil Fuel). waste tracking is the recording of information from the waste generator about the quantity and type of waste produced; recording information about who transported the waste and when; recording information from the waste receiver about the quantity and type of waste received; and matching information about the waste from both the generator and the receiver.

2) Citation a) This document may be cited as the Waste Classification Standard for KSA. This standard revises the current General Standards for the Environment (specifically document number 1423-

01) issued by the Presidency of Meteorology and Environment (PME).

3) Timescales for implementation . a) The effective date of this standard is

01/05/1433H corresponds to 24/03/2012G.

4) Purpose a) The objective of this document is to establish a national baseline Waste Classification System within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. It is anticipated that this document will be employed nationally by all waste handlers to whom they apply with inspections taking place to verify their implementation progress at a regional level as outlined within the standards. b) The Standard for Waste Classification has effect for purposes connected with the regulation of waste and in particular for the purposes of providing:

i) A national classification system that may

be employed within KSA by all waste generators, transporters, facility operators and the relevant competent agencies and other interested parties;

ii) A classification, coding and defining of all

waste types so they can be handled, treated or disposed of accordingly;

iii) A classification methodology to ensure that

waste is dealt with appropriately to ensure the protection of human health and the environment.

5) Scope a) These Standards guide those generating, storing and handling wastes in assessing their classification in terms of:

i) The origin of the waste: whether waste is industrial, commercial or municipal;

ii) The physical form of the waste: whether

waste is a liquid or a solid (gaseous waste is outside the scope of this standard);

iii) The character of the waste: whether waste

is hazardous, non-hazardous or inert.

iv) The type of hazardous waste: whether it is a listed hazardous waste, contains a hazardous constituent or displays a hazardous property.

b) The assessment of waste will enable Waste Handlers to determine the overall manageability of the waste to ascertain the level of control necessary



and allow for responsible practice to meet any associated environmental obligations. c) This Standard defines and classifies waste to be managed in KSA with respect to the form of the waste material and its associated impact on human health or the environment.

d) This Standard is relevant to all waste types currently produced within KSA as well as any other waste streams which may be produced throughout the period of operation of this Standard. e) This standard does not apply to the following waste streams:

i) Discharges of industrial and municipal

wastewater to central treatment works or directly to the environment The Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Discharges and Ambient Water Quality Standards control and manage wastewaters discharges.

ii) Radioactive waste, other than that

produced in the course of healthcare treatment procedures.

6) Exemptions a) Specific exemptions may be specified within this standard at any point where relevant to the Article that they are common to.

7) Powers of Authority

a) Within the scope of these standards the Competent Agency may:

i) Prescribe specific requirements as to the

classification of individual wastes that may be present in or absent within the Kingdom;

ii) authorise such relaxations or departures

from, the waste classification standards and make any such authorisation subject to the prescribed conditions, and to modify or revoke any such authorisation or condition; and

iii) authorise a local Competent Agency to

exercise any power conferred by these regulations by paragraphs i) - iii) above.

b) The Competent Agency may, for the purposes of this Standard, appoint persons to act on their behalf as technical assessors and monitors in relation to the powers and duties conferred on him by this standard and/or its subsequent amendments. c) In addition to the responsibilities conferred by other sections contained within this standard, it shall be the duty of a relevant party;

i) to give the Competent Agency all such assistance; and

ii) to provide the Competent Agency with all such information, as that may reasonably be required for the purpose of carrying out an investigation

d) The Competent Agency or appointed individual for the purpose of waste classification may:

i) Enter any premises for the purpose of carrying out any investigation. ii) carry out such inspections, measurements and tests on premises entered, articles or records found on any such premises, and take away such samples of waste or articles, as may be considered appropriate for the purpose of enabling such investigation; or iii) at any reasonable time require any relevant party to supply him with copies of, or of extracts from, any records kept for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the waste classification standard.

e) This standard enables the issue of regulations and technical memoranda which are enforceable by the Competent Agency who hold delegated authority under the General Environmental Regulations.

8) Enforcement procedures a) Failure to comply with the requirements of these standards may lead to prosecution by the Competent Agency and those convicted of such failure may be subject to fines or periods of imprisonment as laid out in the General Environmental Regulations. b) It is anticipated that the requirements of this standard will be enforced nationally with inspections taking place to verify their implementation at a regional and local level.

9) Penalty fines

a) Maximum fines that may be imposed for exceeding the applicable standard, breach of permit and failure to comply with an abatement notice are set out in the General Environmental Regulations.

10) Appeals a) A right of appeal exists for any organisation or individual who is required to take action as a consequence of the implementation of the revised standard.



b) The right of appeal against conviction or sentence is available through the appropriate judicial system as set out in the General Environmental Regulations.

c) All appeals should be fully supported with a documented case containing as a minimum, the information required under the appeals process of the General Environmental Regulations.

11) Periodic Review

a) As a minimum, the Competent Agency shall undertake a periodic review of this standard every 5 years. b) Where new information suggests that adjustments are required to this standard, all changes will be subject to the appropriate consultation and will be notified to facilities by the Competent Agency. Appropriate implementation time will be allowed.

Article II Defining Waste 1) What is Waste?

a) Treatment, storage or disposal operators of waste need to ensure uniformity in defining and classifying the type of waste they handle. A material or substance will be considered a waste which the holder;

i) discards;

ii) intends to discard; or

iii) are required to discard. b) Examples of waste that generators discard include;

i) residues from production or consumption;

ii) off-specification products;

iii) products which have passed their use-by date;

iv) materials which have been spilled and any

other materials or items which have been contaminated by the spillage;

v) contaminated materials which have been

used in cleaning up a spillage such as residues from cleaning operations, containers or packaging;

vi) reject batteries;

vii) exhausted catalysts;

viii) chemicals and other substances which no longer perform satisfactorily such as contaminated solvents and acids;

ix) slags, still bottoms and other industrial

process residues;

x) scrubber sludges, spent filters, baghouse dusts and other residues from pollution abatement processes;

xi) residues from machining or finishing such

as lathe turnings and mill scales;

xii) residues from the extraction and processing of raw materials, such as mining residues;

xiii) materials which have been adulterated

such as oil contaminated with greater than 50 ppm of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs);

xiv) banned substances that require disposal;

xv) products which the holder no longer

requires (including agricultural, household, office, commercial and shop waste); and

xvi) contaminated substances, materials and

products which result from the remediation of contaminated land.

c) Once it is established that a substance or material constitutes a waste, the following further classification is required by Waste Handlers to ensure that unknown wastes are handled appropriately and in accordance with the requirements as specified, to include;

i) identification of the waste origin of the waste, that is, is it produced by an industrial, commercial or municipal waste Generator;

ii) establish the physical form of the waste,

that is, is it a liquid or a solid;

iii) analysis of the waste to ascertain its character, that is, whether it is hazardous, non-hazardous or inert; and

iv) if the waste is hazardous, it will be

subject to additional classification according to the type of waste stream and/or risk it presents to human health or the environment.

Article III Waste Origins

1) Industrial, Commercial and Municipal Waste Origins



a) The origin of the waste needs to be ascertained so that compliance with the regulatory control measures can be met and the information supplied for the purposes of Waste Tracking, as required under the Waste Regulatory Control and Compliance Standard which provides a breakdown of waste origins with codes for industrial and commercial waste.

2) Industrial Waste

a) To assist Waste Handlers in identifying their waste, the following is an exemplary list of the type of waste that can be classified as industrial;

i) waste from business premises used for

maintaining vehicles, vessels or aircraft (except waste from small private garages , etc);

ii) waste from a laboratory;

iii) waste from a workshop or similar premises

(not including factories or premises at which the principal activities are computer operation or the copying of documents by photographic or lithographic means);

iv) waste from premises occupied by an

approved scientific research association;

v) medical waste other than medical waste from a domestic property, caravan or residential home, or from a moored vessel which is only used as living accommodation;

vi) waste arising from any aircraft, vehicle or

vessel which is not occupied for domestic purposes;

vii) waste which has previously formed part of

any aircraft, vehicle or vessel and which is not classified as municipal waste;

viii) harmful or hazardous leachate from a

deposit of waste;

ix) poisonous or noxious waste arising from any of the following processes undertaken on business or trade premises;

- mixing or selling paints; - sign writing; - laundering or dry cleaning; - developing or printing

photographs; - selling petrol, diesel fuel,

paraffin, kerosene, heating oil or similar substances;

- selling pesticides, herbicides or fungicides.

x) waste from premises used for the purposes of breeding, boarding, stabling or exhibiting animals;

xi) automotive and lubricant waste oil, waste

solvent or scrap metal, other than household waste;

xii) waste imported into KSA;

xiii) tank washings or ships waste landed in

KSA;

xiv) waste from works of construction or demolition, other than those carried out by private individuals at their own properties.

3) Commercial Waste

a) To assist Waste Handlers in identifying their waste, the following is an exemplary list of the type of waste that can be classified as commercial;

i) waste from an office or showroom; ii) waste from a hotel;

iii) waste from the business part of a

building which is used for both domestic and trade purposes;

iv) waste from premises occupied by a

club, society or association;

v) waste from premises occupied by a: - Court; - Government department or

Municipality authority; - Body corporate or an individual

appointed to discharge any public functions.

vi) waste from a tent pitched on land other

than a camp site; vii) waste from a souk, market or fair; and

viii) waste from open land collected by a

contractor on behalf of the relevant Municipality or PME.

4) Municipal Waste

a) To assist Waste Handlers in identifying their waste, the following is an exemplary list of the type of waste that can be classified as municipal and constitutes waste from a domestic property, caravan, residential home, educational establishment, hospital or nursing home which includes;

i) waste from any land associated with

domestic property, including a caravan or residential home;



ii) waste from a garage which is used wholly

or mainly to accommodate a private motor vehicle;

iii) waste from private storage premises used

wholly or mainly for the storage of domestic articles;

iv) waste from a moored vessel which is used

only for living accommodation;

v) waste from a place of worship, which is exempted from business rates;

vi) waste from premises occupied by a charity

and used for charitable purposes;

vii) waste from a camp site;

viii) waste from a prison or other penal institution;

ix) waste from a hall or other premises used

wholly or mainly for public meetings;

x) waste arising from street cleaning for which the Competent Agency is responsible;

xi) municipal waste delivered to municipal

recycling points;

xii) municipal parks and garden wastes;

xiii) civic amenity site waste.

Article IV Physical Forms of Waste

1) Liquid Waste

a) Waste in liquid form should be regarded as;

i) any waste that near instantaneously flows into an indentation void made in the surface of the waste; or

ii) any waste load containing free draining

liquid substance in excess of 250 litres or 10% of the load volume, whichever represents the lesser amount. Free draining means a liquid as defined in i), irrespective of whether that liquid is in a container.

b) The second interpretation should be used where liquids are known to be present in small amounts in a generally solid waste, for example, cartons of milk or juice in mixed commercial waste or are adventitious in a waste, for example, liquid that has drained or been squeezed from components of the waste.

c) Liquid waste may be classified into the following five groups;

i) water containing larger quantities of

filterable or non-filterable solids. Examples are: dredge spoil, mine tailings, and slurries, provided that they are not contaminated with suspended or dissolved chemicals to an extent that requires them to be disposed of in a controlled manner;

ii) water containing larger quantities of

dissolved chemical substances;

iii) water containing larger quantities of nutrients, that is, wastewater effluent;

iv) non-aqueous liquids. Examples are: oils,

solvents and solvent containing liquids such as coatings and paints; and

v) combinations of two or more of the above

groups.

d) The following liquids shall not be deemed as wastes for the purposes of this Standard;

i) domestic sanitary waste water and other

wastes passing through the sanitary drainage network to the treatment facility. This exclusion does not cover sludge resulting from the sanitary waste water treatment facility or wastewaters being collected, stored or treated before discharge;

ii) final discharge of treated industrial

wastewater. This exclusion does not cover wastewater prior to discharge;

iii) agricultural drainage runoff and irrigation

return flows; and

iv) mining residual matter remaining at their natural location in the mine during excavation.

2) Solid Wastes

a) For waste to be considered solid, it must meet all of the following criteria:

i) it has an angle of repose of greater than

five degrees (5);

ii) it has no free liquids in excess of 10% of the load volume, when tested in accordance with the USEPA Paint Filter Liquids Test Method 9095 (USEPA 1986);

iii) it liberates no free liquids when

transported;



iv) it does not become free flowing at or below 60C or when transported; and

v) it is spadeable.

b) All other waste that is not gaseous is considered to be liquid waste.

3) Sludge

a) A sludge will be defined as a liquid or solid waste depending on whether its particular characteristics meet the criteria set out in Section (1), liquid Waste, or Section (2), Solid Waste, of this Article respectively.

Article V Character of Waste

1) Waste Characteristics

a) Industrial, commercial or municipal waste origins may comprise liquid and solid waste types which may be hazardous, non-hazardous or inert, ranging from the most harmful to the environment to the least harmful.

2) Hazardous Waste

a) Hazardous waste is waste which presents a hazard to human health or the environment because it contains dangerous substances. A waste is hazardous if;

i) it is included in the Hazardous Waste List,

Appendix A, Table 1; and/or ii) it contains one of the hazardous

constituents listed in Appendix B, Table 2; and/or

iii) it displays one of the hazardous properties

listed in Appendix C, Table 3, for example, toxic, corrosive or dangerous to the environment; and/or

iv) the waste is a mix of hazardous and non-

hazardous materials; or

v) if the Competent Agency decides to consider them specifically hazardous.

3) Non-Hazardous Waste

a) Non-hazardous waste is waste which is not classified as either hazardous or inert. It comprises non-hazardous industrial and commercial waste streams. b) All municipal waste is classified as non-hazardous except:

i) asbestos waste; and

ii) waste classified as hazardous from a

hospital, clinic, doctors office or a nursing or dental establishments.

4) Inert Waste

a) Waste is inert if:

i) it does not undergo any significant physical, chemical or biological transformations;

ii) when in contact with other matter, it does

not react in any way which would cause environmental pollution or harm to human health (for example, by dissolving, burning or biodegrading); and

iii) it produces only an insignificant quantity of

leachate, which would not cause pollution or endanger the quality of surface or groundwater.

Article VI Hazardous Waste

1) Classification of hazardous waste

a) To establish whether a waste is classified as hazardous, it must be determined if the waste is Listed on the Hazardous Waste List (Appendix A, Table 1). b) If a waste is identified as one of the waste streams in the Hazardous Waste List then it must be classified and treated as hazardous, irrespective of whether a hazardous waste constituent or property is present or not in the waste. The Table lists wastes from generic industrial processes, wastes from certain sectors of industry and unused pure chemical products and formulations. Any waste fitting a narrative listing description is considered a listed hazardous waste. c) If the waste is not listed, a waste Generator must then establish whether the waste contains any of the hazardous constituents listed in Appendix B, Table 2. These constituents pose a threat to human health and the environment. d) If the waste is not listed in the Hazardous Waste List or does not contain one of the hazardous waste constituents, the assessor of the waste must determine the wastes composition to establish whether it contains a hazardous property, as listed in Appendix C, Table 3, according to either:

i) its physical property, for example,

flammability; or



ii) the concentration of dangerous substance(s).

2) The Composition of Hazardous Waste

a) The composition of the waste can be identified using:

i) chemical analysis of the waste; ii) knowledge of the process or activity that

produced the waste;

iii) safety data sheets;

iv) previous analyses of the waste.

b) If the composition of the waste is not known, the waste assessor is still responsible for determining whether it displays a hazardous property.

Article VII Hazardous Waste Properties

1) Ignitability

a) Wastes that display the ignitability property are those that can readily catch fire and sustain combustion. Wastes that are hazardous because they may ignite include the following:

i) liquid wastes (other than those aqueous

waste containing less than 24% alcohol by volume) that have a flash point less than 60C (140F). The flash point test determines the lowest temperature at which the fumes above a waste will ignite when exposed to flame;

ii) solid wastes that, under standard

temperature and pressure, are capable of causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture, or spontaneous chemical changes and, when ignited, burn so vigorously and persistently that they create a hazard.

2) Corrosivity

a) Corrosive wastes can readily corrode or dissolve flesh, metal or other materials. Corrosive hazardous wastes include the following;

i) aqueous wastes with a pH of 2 units or

below or of 12.5 units or above; and

ii) liquid wastes that corrode steel at a rate greater than 6.35 mm (0.250 inches) per year.

3) Reactivity

a) The reactivity property identifies wastes that readily explode or undergo violent reactions or react to release toxic gases or fumes. A waste is considered reactive if it meets any of the following conditions;

i) It is capable of detonation or explosive

decomposition or reaction;

- At standard temperature and pressure;

- If subjected to a strong ignition source; or

- If heated under confinement.

ii) When mixed with water, it is:

- Potentially explosive; - Reacts violently; or - Generates toxic gases or

vapours.

iii) If a cyanide or sulfide-bearing waste is exposed to pH conditions between 2 and 12.5, it can generate enough toxic gases, vapours, or fumes to present a danger to human health or the environment.

i) It is normally unstable and readily

undergoes violent change without detonating or becomes unstable if resulting from decomposition from shock or impact.

4) Toxicity

a) Toxic compounds or elements can leach into underground drinking water supplies and expose users of the water to hazardous chemicals and constituents. A waste is toxic if it is likely to leach dangerous concentrations of toxic chemicals into groundwater. The Toxicity Property Leaching Procedure (TPLP) requires that a liquid leachate is created from a hazardous waste sample. It must then be determined whether the leachate contains any of the toxic chemicals in amounts above the specified levels listed in Appendix D, Table 4.



Appendix A Table 1

Hazardous Waste List

Y1 Clinical wastes from medical care in hospitals, medical centres and clinics

Y2 Wastes from the production and preparation of pharmaceutical products, drugs and

medications

Y3 Wastes from the production, formulation and use of biocides and phyto-pharmaceuticals

Y4 Wastes from the manufacture, formulation and use of wood preserving chemicals

Y5 Wastes from the production, formulation and use of organic solvents

Y6 Wastes from heat treatment and steel tempering operations containing cyanides

Y7 Waste mineral oils unfit for their originally intended use

Y8 Waste oils/water, hydrocarbons/water mixtures, emulsions

Y9 Waste substances and articles containing (greater than 50 ppm) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and/or polychlorinated terphenyls (PCTs) and/or polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)

Y10 Waste tarry residues arising from refining, distillation and any pyrolysis treatment

Y11 Wastes from production, formulation and use of inks, dyes, pigments, paints, lacquers, varnish

Y12 Wastes from production, formulation and use of resins, latex, plasticizers, glues and adhesives

Y13 Waste chemical substances arising from research and development or teaching activities which are not known and are new and whose effects on human health and the environment are not yet known

Y14 Wastes of an explosive nature not subject to other regulations or standards

Y15 Wastes from production, formulation and use of photographic chemicals and processing materials

Y16 Wastes resulting from surface treatment of metals and plastics

Y17 Residues arising from industrial waste disposal operations

Y18 Petroleum refinery wastewater treatment sludges



Appendix B Table 2

Hazardous Waste Constituents

Y19 Metal carbonyls Y20 Beryllium and beryllium compounds Y21 Hexavalent chromium compounds Y22 Copper compounds Y23 Zinc compounds Y24 Arsenic and arsenic compounds Y25 Selenium and selenium compoundsY26 Cadmium and cadmium compounds Y27 Antimony and antimony compounds Y28 Tellurium and tellurium compounds Y29 Mercury and mercury compounds Y30 Lead and lead compounds Y31 Inorganic fluorine compounds excluding calcium fluorideY32 Inorganic cyanides Y33 Acidic solutions or acids in solid form Y34 Basic solutions or bases in solid form Y35 Asbestos (dust and fibres) Y36 Organic phosphorus compounds Y37 Organic cyanide compoundsY38 Phenols and phenol compounds, including chlorophenol compounds Y39 Ether compounds Y40 Halogenated organic solvents Y41 Organic solvents other than halogenated solvents Y42 Any congener of polychlorinated dibenzo-furan Y43 Any congener of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxinY44 Organic halogen compounds other than substances referred to in this Table



Appendix C Table 3

Hazardous Property List

H1 Explosive Substances and preparations which may explode under the effect of flame or

which are more sensitive to shocks or friction than dinitrobenzene H2 Oxidising Substances and preparations which exhibit highly exothermic reactions when

in contact with other substances, particularly flammable substances H3 Highly Flammable

(a) liquid substances and preparations having a flashpoint below 21C (b) substances and preparations which may become hot and finally catch

fire in contact with air at ambient temperatures without any application of energy

(c) solid substances and preparations which may readily catch fire after brief contact with a source of ignition and which continue to burn or to be consumed after removal of the source of ignition

(d) gaseous substances and preparations which are flammable in air at normal pressure

(e) substances and preparations which, in contact with water or damp air, evolve highly flammable gases in dangerous quantities

H3B Flammable

Liquid substances and preparations having a flashpoint >=21C and



Appendix D Table 4

Toxicity Property Leaching Procedure Regulatory Levels

Contaminant Concentration mg/lArsenic 5.0 Barium 100.0

Benzene 0.5 Cadmium 1.0

Carbon Tetrachloride 0.5 Chlordane 0.03

Chlorobenzene 100.0 Chloroform 6.0 Chromium 5.0 o-Cresol* 200.0 m-Cresol* 200.0 p-Cresol* 200.0

Total Cresols 200.0 2,4-D 10.0

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 7.5 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 0.5 1,1-Dichlorobenzene 0.7 2,4-Dichlorobenzene 0.13

Endrin 0.02 Heptachlor (and its epoxide) 0.0008

Hexachlorobenzene 0.13 Hexachlorobutadiene 0.5

Hexachloroethane 3.0 Lead 5.0

Lidane 0.4 Mercury 0.2

Methoxychlor 10.0 Methyl ethyl ketone 200.0

Nitrobenzene 2.0Pentachlorophenol 100.0

Pyridine 5.0 Selenium 1.0

Silver 5.0 Tetrachloroethylene 0.7

Toxaphene 0.5Trichloroethylene 0.5

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 400.0 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2.0

2,4,5-TP (Silvex) 1.0 Vinyl Chloride 0.2

* if 0-, m- and p-cresols cannot be individually measured, the level for total cresols is used.

En EnvStand9 Waste Classification

Documents

Transcript of En EnvStand9 Waste Classification