Empm5103 - Assignment _Pt B

8/7/2019 Empm5103 - Assignment _Pt B

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Name: Mohd. Norizam Md. Salleh Student ID:CGS00534317

I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

ASSIGNMENT – EMPM5103

PART B




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

PART B

Question 1

Quality management is increasingly been seen as a primary project management objective. There are six quality management concepts that

should exist to support every project.

Encik Ismail Ibrahim is a project manager for XYZ consultants. He has been asked by his management to submit a report of the Project Quality Management Plan (PQMP) for a proposed 40-storey Grade “A” Office building located at Jalan Sidek, Kuala Lumpur.

Define and elaborate the “six quality management concepts” in the PQMP of the above chosen project. [40 marks]

Answer 1

Assumption: In normal cases a PQP is prepared by the contractor (most of thebig contractor is ISO 9001:2008 certified) and approved by the consultant. Thereason is because the test plan and the inspection are strictly follows theMalaysian/ International standards/codes or customer’s specification andrequirements in which this can easily be copied and adopted but methodstatement of the works breakdown structure are prepared by the contractor.

Therefore in this case I would assume this project is a turnkey job, where thecontractor and the consultant are works as consortium.

One of the Project manager ultimate responsibilities is to deliver the projectunder their supervision in a good quality. Cost and schedule management arevery important to a project success and equally important is the project qualitymanagement. Project Quality Management shall help the project manager tocomplete the project at the acceptable performance, safety and sustainability.Six quality management concepts that should exist in a project qualitymanagement are as follows;

• Quality Policy

• Quality Objectives

• Quality Assurances

• Quality Control

• Quality Audit

•

Quality Program Plan

Ideally, these six concepts should be embedded in the company culture, insidethe company policy and lead by the top management because without thesupport from the top management a project manager has a limited capacity.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

Quality Policy

It is top management's expression of its intentions, direction, and aimsregarding quality of its products/construction works and their processes. Thispolicy is a document created by quality experts that stated the qualityobjectives, the level of quality acceptable to the organisation, and the

responsibility of organisation’s member for executing the policy to ensuringquality.

The top management support on the policy is also stated here as it is importantbecause the quality policy always became an instrument to measure theorganisation’s reputation and their quality image.

The quality policy must come from top management to bottom else the lowerlevel employer might thought it is not important and more towards cosmeticrather one of the management objectives.

A good quality policy should cover the followings;

•Be a statement of principles stating what, not how.

• Promote consistency throughout the organisation and across projects.

• Provide an explanation to outsiders of how the organisation views quality

• Provide specific guidelines for important quality matters.

• Provide provisions for changing/updating the policy.

(Harold Kerzner, 2009)

That is why now days most company had adopted quality standard e.g.Integrated Management System (IMS), ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 &OHSAS 18001:2007 Total Quality Management (TQM), Kaizen and othersquality standard into their company quality policy.

Brief of Quality policy can be found at ATTACHMENT A and the standardsused are stipulated in Topic 9, pg 21 of the PQP (Sample).

Quality Objectives

It is a part of organisation’s quality policy and consists of specific objectives andthe time frame for completing them. The quality objectives must be selectedcarefully selecting the objectives that are not naturally possible can causefrustration and disillusionment.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

Good Quality Objectives should;

• Be obtainable

• Define specific goals

• Be understandable

• State specific deadlines

(Harold Kerzner, 2009)

A good quality objective should be obtainable, define specific goal,understandable and state specific deadlines. According to the ISO 9001:2008Standard [Clause 5.4.1], "Top management shall ensure that quality objectives,including those needed to meet requirements for product or services, areestablished at relevant levels within the organization. The quality objectivesshall be measurable and consistent with the quality policy."

One of the requirements of the ISO 9001:2008 quality standard is that theorganizations should establish and monitor quality objectives. There is nospecific requirement about how many quality objectives that the organizationmust have, or what those objectives might be, this is left up to the organizationto decide.

Having only one or two quality objective is probably too less, in the other handhaving twenty is probably too many. In normal practice it is good to havesomewhere between 3 to 8 quality objectives.

In the sample PQP (attached) one of the quality objectives is to meet customerexpectation quality, sustainability and safety. Five quality objectives in topic 2, pg 7 as stated in the PQP (sample) aremeet the objective requirement which is the objective are measurable andunderstandable. Some of the scopes of works stated in topic 7 are also belong

to Quality Objectives

Quality Assurances

It is a process of evaluating the formal activities, managerial process and overallproject performance on a regular basis to ensure that the project will satisfy therequired quality standards.

Quality assurance includes all the activities related to satisfying the relevantquality standards for a project. Another goal of quality assurance is continuousquality improvement. Benchmarking can be used to generate ideas for qualityimprovements. Quality audits in the other hand helps to identify lessons learnedthat can improve performance on current or future projects. It is the qualityassurance function that tries to manage for the project scope, cost and time arefully integrated.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

Quality assurance can be effective, if these two things are assured;

i) Project Quality plan must be sufficient to achieve the required qualitystandards expected by the organization. In this regard the plan must notonly be specific and detailed listing all quality requirements and standards,

but also need to include all the steps to be taken to ensure that thoserequirements and standards are met.

ii) Quality assurance (i.e. final product testing) should be independent of theproject itself (as well as the project manager). This comes down from theproject management guidelines for effective quality assurance, and buildson a broad-based, organizational approach to standards-based producttesting.

The Project Management Institute Guide to the Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)

refers to quality assurance as the management section of quality management.This is the area where the project manager can have the greatest impact on thequality of his project. (Harold Kerzner, 2009)

Therefore the project manager needs to establish the management process andprocedures and necessary to observe this process closely to guide the projectto achieve customer requirements.

The process and the result of Quality Assurance shall summarise as follows;

The Input includes: Quality Management Plan, results of quality control

measurements and operational definitions.

Methods used: quality planning tools and techniques and quality audits.

Output includes: quality improvement.

Topic 11 of the PQP (sample) is the example to Quality Assurance .

Quality Control

The process of monitoring specific project results to determine if they are comply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

Such activities include continually monitoring process, identifying and eliminating problem cause, use of statistically process control to reduce the variability and to increase the efficiency of the process.

Buy conducting the Quality Control it is demonstrate that the organisation’s quality objectives are being met.

A good quality control system shall;

i) Select what to control

ii) Set standards that provide the basis for decisions regarding possible corrective action

iii) Establish the measurement method used

iv) Compare the actual results to the quality standards

v) Act to bring nonconforming process and material back to the standard based on the information collected.

vi) Monitor and calibrate measuring devices

vii) Include detailed documentation for all process

Overall the Quality Control shall be summarised as follows;

Input includes : work results, Quality Management Plan, operational definitions,and checklists.

Methods used include : inspection, quality control charts, and compare to diagrams, statistical sampling, flowcharting, Six Sigma, Pareto analysis and trend analysis.

Output includes : quality improvements, acceptance decisions, rework,completed checklists, and process adjustments.

Topics 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, ATTACHMENT C, D, E and F of the PQP (sample) isthe example to Quality Control.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

Quality Audit

Periodic, independent, and documented examination and verification ofactivities, records, processes, and other elements of a quality system todetermine their conformity with the requirements of a quality standard such as

ISO 9001 : 2008, established quality procedures and policies.

Any failure in their proper implementation may be published publicly and maylead to a revocation of quality certification. Quality Audit is also called asconformity assessment or quality system audit.

A good quality audit shall ensure that the followings are followed;

i) The planned quality for the project will be met.

ii) The products are safe and fir for use.

iii) All pertinent laws and regulations are followed.

iv) Data collection and distribution system are accurate and adequate.

v) Proper corrective action is taken when required.

vi) Improvement opportunities are identified.

Topic 14 in the PQP (sample) is example to Quality Control.

Quality Program Plan

Detailed document that sets forth practices and sequence of activities aimed attranslating an organization's quality policy into operational results, orconformance to a standard such as ISO 9000 within a specified timeframe.

The quality plan shall be created by the project manager and project teammembers by breaking down the project objectives into a work breakdownstructure.

The project manager than ensures that these actions are documented andimplemented in the sequence that will meet the customer’s needs andexpectations. This shall give the customer a comfort that the project manager atthe end of the day can deliver the 40-storey Grade “A” Office building asstipulated in the contract.

A good quality plan will identify all of the organization external and internalcustomers, cause the design of a process that produce the features desired by




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

the customers, bring in suppliers early in the process, cause the organization tobe responsive to changing customers need and prove that the process isworking and that quality goals are being met.

Project Quality Plan should be written with the objective to provide projectmanagement with easy access to quality requirements and should have ready

availability of the procedures and standards thus mentioned.The following list provides you the various Quality Elements that should beincluded in a detailed Project Quality Plan:

• Management Responsibility. Describes the quality responsibilities ofall stakeholders.

• Documented Quality Management System. This refers to the existingQuality Procedures that have been standardized and used within theorganization.

• Design Control. This specifies the procedures for Design Review,

Sign-Off, Design Changes and Design Waivers of requirements.

• Document Control. This defines the process to control ProjectDocuments at each Project Phase.

• Purchasing. This defines Quality Control and Quality Requirements forsub-contracting any part / whole part of the project.

• Method Statement. Defines step by step how to carry out eachspecified works.

• Test Plan. Procedures for Test Plan shall indicate the procedure andthe codes/standards used.

• Inspection Testing. This details the plans for Acceptance Testing andIntegration Testing.

• Nonconformance. This defines the procedures to handle any type ofnonconformance work. The procedures include defining responsibilities,defining conditions and availability of required documentation in suchcases.

• Corrective Actions. This describes the procedures for takingCorrective Actions for the problems encountered during projectexecution.

• Quality Records. This describes the procedures for maintaining theQuality Records (metrices, variance reports, executed checklists etc)during project execution as well as after the project completion.

• Quality Audits. An internal audit should be planned and implementedduring each phase of the project.




I/C No: 670703-01-6045 Part B: of 9

• Training. This should specify any training requirements for the projectteam.

• Handover project. All requirements to close up project e.g. finalinspection/testing, documentation etc.

The development of a Project Quality Plan is a team process that depends asmuch on communicating information as it does on planning. The key objective isto create a cohesive dialog and subsequently develop awareness of potentialquality issues assurance. Based on this awareness, project managers canprepare plans and actions to counter any weaknesses or deficiencies in theproject execution, thus ensuring that all quality standards are met effectively.

Empm5103 - Assignment _Pt B

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