Employment and Green Economy - La Terra tra i due laghi

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www.itcilo.org International Training Centre of the ILO 1

Employment

and Green Economy

From definitions to actionsEnrico Tezza

Salò (Brescia, IT), 12th December 2012

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ITC as ILO Traning agency

Activity

�Employment

� Social Protection

�Rights at work

� Social Dialogue

300 Staff

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Green Jobs before 2007 Chronology of Green Economics Time

1The Economics of Welfare, Arthur Pigou 19202Silent Spring, Rachel Carson 19623The coming of space ship earth, Boulding 19664The Tragedy of Commons, Garret Harding 19685The Entropy Law and the economic progress 19716Small is beautiful, E. Friedrich Schumacher 19737The Gaia Hypothesis, James Lovelock 19798The Other Economics summut TOES 19849Our common future 1987

10Steady State Economics, Herman Daly 199211The Green Economy, Michael Jacobs 199112Wealth beyond Measure, Paul Ekins 199213The economics of the 21 Century Conference, Kennet 199514Green Economics, Kennet 199915Green political thought, Andrew Dobson 200016Oekonomie der Zukunft, Volker Heinemann 200217The Green economics Institute, Founded. 200318The International Journal of Green Economics founded 200419First Green Economics Conference, Oxford 200520The Stern Review on Climate change cost 200721Green Jobs Initiative, ILO 200822The Green economy, Unep, Kennet 200823Prosperity without growth, Tim Jackson 200924The Green New Deal, Wuppertal institute, EU 200825UN Report on Biodiversity Costs 201026From red to green, Paul Donovan 201127Sustainability science, W.C Clark 201127Handbook of Green Economics 201128Handbook of green economics methodology 201229Rio + 20 Sustainable development 2012

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Green Jobs after 2007

Jobs that reduce negative

environmental impact.

More precisely green

jobs are jobs that reduce

consumption of energy

and raw material, limit

greenhouse gas

emissions, minimize

waste and pollution,

protect and restore

ecosystem.

First ILO definition

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Green Jobs are Decent jobs

leading to :

� environmentally,

� economically and

socially

� sustainable enterprises

and

� economies

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Green employment as Employment

promoted by the Inclusive Green

Economy.

The Inclusive Green Economy is an

economy that results in improved

human well being and social

equity while reducing

environmental risks and

ecological scarsities (ILO, 2012).

A Green Economy relates to

economic sectors (energy), issues

(pollution), principles (equality,

policies (green employment),

strategies (decoupling) and

supportive technologies (green

technology)

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Policy and Statistical definitions

(USA Financial year 2011)

� Jobs in business that produce goods or provide services that benefit the environment or conserve natural resources (output approach).

� Jobs in which workers’ duties involve their establishment’s production processes more environmentally friendly or uses fewer

natural resources (process approach)

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Salient ILO publications on Green Jobs

and Green Employment

� Green Jobs, 2008

� Promoting Decent Work in a Green Economy, 2010

� Skills for Green Jobs

� Working towards sustainable development, 2011

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ILO statistics on green employment

� Green economy is creating millions of green jobs

� Job growth in renewable sector + 21% per annum

� Renewables = 5 Million jobs

� USA = 3 million in Environmental goods and services

� Brazil = 3 million in Environmental goods and

services

� EU = 14.6 million in biodiversity, forest, natural

resources protection

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ILO statistics on green employment (2)

• Agriculture = Largest employer globally, 1.3 billion

• Forestry = 14 millions globally

• Fisheries = 45 million workers

• Energy= 5 million renewables

• Recycling = 20 million as informal waste pickers

• Basic industry (Iron and Steel, Aluminium, Cement, Paper)= 25 million workers

• Buildings = 110 million workers

• Transportation = 88 million workers (50 motor vehicle, 26 rail and public, 12 air transport)

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Facts on Social Degradation

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Facts on Environmental Degradation

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The Great acceleration

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The new perspective:

sustainability science beyond Our Common Future

www.itcilo.org International Training Centre 14

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Case 1 Green Jobs in Bolzano


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Sectoral Green Jobs in Bolzano

� Energy (465 imprese, 3.564 addetti).

Biogas (20%), Biomassa (11%), Consulenza (1%), Eolico (4%),

Fotovoltaico (13%), Geotermia (4%), Idroelettrico (4%), Solare

termico (3%), Studi progettazione (7%), Produzione e

distribuzione energia (44%).

� Building

Capo cantiere green, Progettista green, Isolamento termico,

Restauro materiali, Gestore commesse green, Operatore green,

Certificatore green, Consulente energetico, Ingegnere

� Tourism

Consulente politiche urbanistiche sostenibili, Ingegnere mobilità,

Guida, Ranger, Educatore ambientale

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Green Employment Pact dimensions

Aim→JusttransitiontoanInclusiveGreenEconomy(Quality

oflife,Economicprosperity,Localenvironment,Public

health)

� Interdependenceofecologicalsystem

�Sustainablelandusepolicy

�Energyefficiencyandemissionreduction

�GreenEducation

�GreenEmployment

�Publicpolicytowardsemployment

�Workingtimereduction

�Advocacyandactivism


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The Meaning of GAL towards

sustainability perspective

Local = Local perspective ?

(EF Schumaker, Small is beautiful, 1973)

Action = Strategy towards change ?

(UN Sustainability approach, 2012)

Group= Collective action ?

(Elinor Ostrom, Governing the Commons, 1990)


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Ingredients for green jobs in Garda Lake

Actors, Actions, Relations

Green Line: Networks of Networks�Production

PRODUZIONI LOCALI TIPICHE / ENOGASTRONOMIA (es. GAL Colline Moreniche del Garda)

ARTIGIANATO – MERCATI CONTADINI – NATURA 2000 (es. GAL GardaValsabbia)

�Biodiversity protection

NATURA E BIODIVERSITA’ (es. GAL Baldo Lessinia)

�Leisure and sport

SPORT ECOCOMPATIBILI (es. Comunità Alto Garda e Ledro)

�Culture

SISTEMI STORICO-CULTURALI (Ecomusei, Musei del territorio…) (es. Gal Golem)

�Tourism

RICETTIVITA’ “VERDE” (b&b, rifugi, malghe, agriturismo, ostelli, alberghi…)


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Action structuring: Problem

Knowledge without action cannot change a situation.

Action without knowledge leads to uncertain results.

Green Line approach:

How LAG (GAL) will overcome the knowledge

fragmentation among partners ?

How LAG (GAL) will achieve the comprehensive view

needed ?

Managerial or Good life perspective?

What about tools: Forecasting ? Backcasting?


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Action structuring:

what solution?

� Decomposition of actions into unit actions ?

(causal chain of positive and negative effects)

� Integration of these actions into new actions ?

(broader base of capabilities)

� Collective actions ?

(a single action has a limited impact on sustainability)

� Network of Network ?

(collaborative undertakings through sharing problem and

perspective agreement) ?

� Governance ? (stakeholders involvement, credible

commitment, clarity of goals, distributed responsibility,

setting intermediate target) ?


Employment and Green Economy - La Terra tra i due laghi

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