1.Empire Building in Africa Ch.6 Section 2

2. West Africa Natural Resources Wanted: Peanuts, timber, hides, and palm oil Slave trade had virtually ended by the late 1800s British had settlements along the Gold Coastand in Sierra Leone French controlled the largest part of W Africa Germany controlled Togo, Cameroon, GermanSW Africa and German E Africa 3. Egypts Importance Egypt: Freed from the Ottoman Empire byMuhammad Ali in 1805- brought Egypt intothe modern world (public schools, industry) Suez Canal: In Nile Valley, connected theMediterranean and the Red Seas. Built byFerdinand De Lesseps in 1869 British wanted control over canal for tradewith India; made Egypt a British Protectoratein 1914 4. North Africa British controlled Egypt, and by 1898 Sudan French controlled Algeria, Tunisia and much ofMorocco Italy tried to take Ethiopia and failed (firstEuropean state to be defeated by Africanstate). Later took Tipoli, now called Libya 5. Important People David Livingston: starting in 1841 exploredthe uncharted regions of central Africa for 30years Henry Stanley: a young journalist sent to findLivingston after he disappeared Explored the Congo and encouraged Europeansettlement there 6. Central Africa Belgium settled the Congo (King Leopold II) France took territories north of the Congo European states were concerned aboutBelgium controlling the vast territories of theCongo 7. East Africa Major competition over East Africa betweenBritain and Germany Some competition from Portugal and Belgium Berlin Conference 1884-85: Recognized Britishand German claims to specific territories andgave Portugal Mozambique. Adopted an agreement that described how aEuropean nation could lay claim to an area ofAfrica. 8. South Africa Cape Town settled by Dutch since 1600s Called Boers or Afrikaners Taken by British after Napoleonic Wars White population of South Africa was 200,000by 1865